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初二不定代词的用法知识点及练习题3

初二不定代词的用法知识点及练习题3
初二不定代词的用法知识点及练习题3

不定代词2学生版(打印2份)

1. 定义

所谓“不定”,就是“不确定”“不明确”的意思,所以不定代词就是指不明确表示代替某特定名词或形容词的代词,如someone 意为“某人”,something 意为“某事”或“某物”,many 表示“许多人”或“许多物”,a few 表示“几个人”或“几个事物”,等等。

★ some 与any

一般说来,some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。如:

①肯定句:He asked some questions. 他问了一些问题。

②否定句:He didn’t ask any questions. 他没有问任何问题。

③疑问句:Did he ask any questions? 他问了些问题没有?

但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,希望对方的肯定回答,通常要用 some 而不用any 。如:

① Shall I get some for you? 要我帮你拿些来吗?

② Since you have plenty of them, why not give her some?

既然你有那么多,为什么不给她一些呢?

any 有时也用于肯定句中,表示“任何”的意思。如:

Any of these may suit you. 这些中间的任何一个都可能适合你。

另外,汉语可说“任何……都不”,但英语不能说any…not 。因为按英语习惯,any 总是要出现在否定词not 的后面,而不能出现在它的前面。如:

我想任何学生都回答不了这个问题。

正:I don’t think any student can answer this question.

正:I think no student can answer this question.

误:I think any student can’t answer this question.

第一句用的是not…any ,故正确;第二句用的是no ,相当于not…any ,也正确;第三句用的是any…not ,就错了。

★ many 与much

两者意思相同,都表示“许多”,但用法不同,many 用于修饰或代替可数名词;而much 用于修饰或代替不可数名词。如:

① Many trees fell in the storm. 在暴风雨中许多树倒了。

② Much money has been wasted that way. 很多钱都这样浪费了。

★ few, a few 与 little, a little few 几乎没有 a few 有几个

① He has few friends here,he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。

② There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

③ There is little ink in my bottle,can you give me a little ink?

+可数名词复数 little 几乎没有 a little 有点儿 +不可数名词

我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗?

④ This book is a little more difficult than that one. 这本书比那本书难一点。

★all与both

all指三者或三者以上的人或物,既可代替或修饰可数名词也可代替和修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。

① Both of my parents like sports. 我的父母都喜欢运动。

② All of us should work hard.我们都应努力工作.

★ either与neither

either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”;neither意思是“两个都不”。

① He wrote to either of them. 他给他们中的一个人写了信.

② --Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither. I will go there by train.

你坐公车去还是坐轿车去?一个都不坐,我坐火车去。

★ another,the other

① the other指两个人或物中的一个。

He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.

他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。

②another指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个。

I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.

我有三个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人。

(2)复合不定代词

★这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。

I have something to tell you. 我有一些事情要告诉你们。

★复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。

Someone has just come to see you. 有个人刚刚来看你。

There’s nothing wrong with the machine. 机器没有毛病。

★当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybody, nobody, anyone等时,其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词they; 当句子主语是指物的复合不定代词,如everthing, anything, something, nothing等时,其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词it。

Everybody is here, aren't they? Everything is ready, isn't it?

★everyone 的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物。

I'd like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。

I have kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保存下来。

练习题

1.He can't hear you, because there is ____ noise here.

A.very much B.too much C.much too D.so many

2.There isn't ____ water in the cup.

A.any B.many C.some D.the

3.The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it.

A.anything B.something C.nothing

4.----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?”

----“All ringht.”

A.some; some B.any; any C.some; any D.any; some

5.There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand. A.both B.all C.every D.each

6.These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ____ one.

A.other B.others C.the others D.another

7.“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like ____ , because they're not useful.”

A.both B.either C.all D.neither

8.They were all very tired, but ____ of them would stop to take a rest.

A.any B.some C.none D.neither

9.“Haven't you forgotten ____ ?”“ ____ ,oh, I forgot my bag.”

A.anything; Excuse me B.something; Excuse me

C.something; Pardon D.everything; Pardon

10.Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you.

A.important anything B.anything important

C.important something D.something important

11.---- ____ of the boys in Class Four are playing games.

----____.

A.All B.Each C.The both D.None

12.There are twenty teachers in this grade.Eight of them are women teachers and ____ are men teachers.

A.the other B.the others C.Others D.other

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Iamaworker,Iworkinthefactory. 我是一个工人,我在工厂工作。 Youareagoodteacher. 你是一位优秀教师。 Sheisalittlegirl. 她是一个小女孩。 It'saheavybox,Ican'tcarryit. 这是一个重盒子,我搬不动。 It'sme.Openthedoorquickly. 是我,快开门。 Don'ttellhimaboutit. 不要告诉他这件事情。 Sheisalwaysreadytohelpus. 她随时都在准备帮助我们。 Ourteacherisverystrictwithus. 我们的老师对我们很严格。 人称代词中几个注意的情况: 第一人称单数代词"I(我)"不论在什么地方都要大写。IstudyEnglisheveryday. 我天天学习英语。 "we"常常代替"I"表示一种同读者,听众或观众之间的亲密关系。Weshalldoourbesttohelpthepoor. 我们将尽全力帮助贫困者。 "she"常常代替国家,城市,宠物等,表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。IliveinChina。Sheisagreatcountry. 我住在中国。她是一个伟大的国家。 "it"有时也可指人。 It'sme.Openthedoor,please. 是我,请开门。 "they"有时代替一般人. Theysayyouaregoodatcomputer. 他们说你精通计算机。 2)物主代词: 形容词性物主代词可用作定语,例如: Ilovemycountry. 我热爱我的国家。

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