2004_专八真题_附带答案解析

2004年英语专八试卷及答案

PartⅡProofreading and Error Correction(15min)

The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum

of ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position

of the missing word with a"∧"sign and write the word you believe

to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash"/"and put

the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.

Example

When∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1)

an

it never buys things in finished form and hangs(2)

never

them on the wall.When a natural history museum

wants an exhibition,it must often build it.

(3)exhibit

Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.

power is usually delegated to committees-either

standing committees,special committees set for a specific

(1)____

purpose,or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.

(2)____

Investigations are held to gather information on the need for

future legislation,to test the effectiveness of laws already passed, to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and officials of the other branches,and in rare occasions,to lay the

(3)____

groundwork for impeachment proceedings.Frequently,committees rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)____

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and to make out detailed studies of issues.

(5)____

There are important corollaries to the investigative power.One

is the power to publicize investigations and its results.Most (6)____

committee hearings are open to public and are reported

(7)____

widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers

(8)____

to inform the citizenry and to arouse

the power to compel

testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt

of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury

these who give false testimony. (10)____

PartⅢReading Comprehension(30min) (开始PartⅢReading

Comprehension(30min)计时)

In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total

of fifteen multiplechoice questions. Read the passages and then mark

your answers on your coloured answer sheet.

TEXT A

Farmers in the developing world hate price fluctuations.It makes it

hard to plan ahead.But most of them have little choice:they sell at

the price the market sets.Farmers in Europe,the U.S.and Japan are luckier:they receive massive government subsidies in the form of guaranteed prices or direct handouts. Last month U.S.President Bush signed a new farm bill that gives American farmers$190billion over the next10years,or$83billion more than they had been scheduled

to get,and pushes U.S.agricultural support close to crazy European levels.Bush said the step was necessary to"promote farmer independence and preserve the farm way of life for generations".It

in November’s midterm elections. Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts for up to50%

of GDP,compared to only3%in rich countries.But most farmers in poor countries grow jus

t enough for themselves and their families.Those who try exporting

to the West find their goods whacked with huge tariffs or competing against cheaper subsidized goods.In 1999the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development concluded that for each dollar developing countries receive in aid they lose up to$14just because of trade

barriers imposed on the export of their manufactured goods.It’s not as if the developing world wants any favours,says Gerald Ssendwula, Uganda’s Minister of Finance."What we want is for the rich countries

to let us compete."

Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete. Land and labour are cheap,and as farming methods develop,new technologies should improve output. This is no pieinthesky

speculation.The biggest success in Kenya’s economy over the past

decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe.But that may all change in2008, when Kenya will be slightly

too rich to qualify for the "leastdeveloped country"status that allows

African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on

rose.And while agriculture exports remain the great hope for poor countries,reducing trade barriers in other sectors also works:

Americas African Growth and Opportunity Act,which cuts duties on exports of everything from handicrafts to shoes,has proved a boon to

Africa’s manufacturers.The lesson: the Third World can prosper if

the rich world gives it a fair go. This is what makes Bush’s decision to increase farm subsidies last

month all the

more depressing.Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges rade liberalization only so it can wangle its way into new markets.Such suspicions caused the Seattle trade talks to break down three years ago.But last November members of the World Trade Organization,meeting in Doha,Qatar, finally agreed to a new round

of talks designed to open up global trade in agriculture and

textiles.Rich countries assured poor countries,that their concerns

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were finally being addressed.Bush’s handout last month makes a lie

of America’s commitment to those talks and his personal devotion to free trade.

16.By comparison,farmers____ receive more government subsidies than

others.

A)in the developing world

considerations,there is a____ motive

behind Bush’s signing of the new farm bill.

A)partisan

B)social

C)financial

D)cultural

18.The message the writer attempts to convey throughout the passage

is that____.

A)poor countries should be given equal opportunities in trade B)"the leastdeveloped country" status benefits agricultural countries

C)poor countries should remove their suspicions about trade

liberalization

D)farmers in poor countries should also receive the benefit of subsidies

19.The writer’s attitude towards new farm subsidies in the U.S.is

____.

A)favourable

B)ambiguous

C)critical

D)reserved

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TEXT B

Oscar Wilde said that work is the refuge of people who have nothing better to do.If so,Americans are now among the world’s saddest

refugees.Factory workers in the United States are working longer hours

than at any time in the past halfcentury.America once led the

natural that as people grew richer they would trade extra earnings for more leisure.Since the1970s, however,the hours clocked up by American workers have risen,to an average of42this year in manufacturing.Several studies

suggest that

something similar is happening outside manufacturing:Americans are spending more time at work than they did20years ago.Executives and lawyers boast of80hour weeks.On holiday,they seek out fax machines and phones as eagerly as Germans bag the best sunloungers.Yet working time in Europe and Japan continues to fall.In Germany’s engineering industry the working week is to be trimmed from36to35hours next year.Most Germans get six weeks’paid annual holiday;even the

Japanese now take three weeks. Americans still make do with just two.Germany responds to this contrast with its usual concern about

whether people’s aversion to work is damaging its competitiveness.

Yet German workers,like the Japanese, seem to be acting sensibly:as

their incomes rise,they can achieve a better standard of living with fewer hours of work.The puzzle is why America,the world’s richest country,sees things differently.It is a puzzle with sinistersocial implications.Parents spend less time with their children,who may be

left alone at home for longer.Is it just a coincidence that juvenile

weak trade unions that leave workers open to exploitation.Are workers being forced by costcutting firms

to toil harder just to keep their jobs?

A recent study by two American economists,Richard Freeman and Linda Bell,suggests not:when asked, Americans actually want to work longer hours.Most German workers,in contrast,would rather work less.Then, why do Americans want to work harder?One reason may be that the real earnings of many Americans have

been stagnant or falling during the past two decades.People work longer merely to maintain their living standards.Yet many higherskilled workers,who have enjoyed big increases in their real pay,have been working harder too.Also,one reason for the slow growth of wages has been the rapid growth in

employment-which is more or less where the

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argument began.Taxes may have something to do with it.People who work

an extra hour in America are allowed to keep more of their money than those who do the same in Germany.Falls in marginal tax rates in America since the1970s have made it all the more profitable to work longer.None of these answers really explains why the centurylong decline in working hours has gone into reverse in America but not elsewhere(though Britain shows signs of following America’s lead).Perhaps cultural

for their basic needs and allow for a few luxuries,their incentive

to work would be eroded,like lions relaxing after a kill.But humans are more susceptible to advertising than lions.Perhaps clever

marketing has ensured that"basic needs"-for a shower with builtin TV, for a rocketpropelled car-expand continuously.Shopping is already one of America’s most popular pastimes. But it requires money-hence more work and less leisure.Or try this:the television is not very good,

and baseball and hockey keep being wiped out by strikes.Perhaps Wilde was right.Maybe Americans have nothing better to do.

20.In the United States,working longer hours is____.

A)confined to the manufacturing industry

B)a traditional practice in some sectors

C)prevalent in all sectors of society

D)favoured by the economists

21.According to the third paragraph, which might be one of the consequences of working longer hours?

A)Rise in employees’working efficiency.

B)Rise in the number of young offenders.

C)Rise in people’s living standards.

D)Rise in competitiveness.

22.Which of the following is the cause of working longer hours stated

by

the writer?

A)Expansion of basic needs.

TEXT C

The fox really exasperated them both. As soon as they had let the fowls out,inthe early summer mornings, they had to take their guns and keep guard;and thenagain as soon as evening began to mellow,they must go once more.And he was so sly.He slid along in the deep grass;he was difficult as a serpent to see.And he seemed to circumvent the girls deliberately.Once or twice March had caught sight of the white tip

of his brush,or the ruddy shadow of him in the deep grass,and she

had let fire at him.But he made no account of this.The trees on the woodedge were a darkish,brownish green in the full light-for it was the end of August.Beyond,the naked, copperlike shafts and limbs of

the pine trees shone in the air.Nearer the rough grass,with its long, brownish stalks all agleam,was full of light.The fowls were round about-the ducks were still swimming on the pond under the pine trees. March looked at it all,saw it all,and did not see it.She heard Banford speaking to the fowls in the distance-and she did not hear.What was

she thinking about?Heaven knows.Her consciousness was,as it were,

held back.She lowered her eyes,and suddenly saw the fox.He was looking up at her.His chin was pressed down, and his eyes were looking up.

They met her eyes.And he knew her.She was spellbound-she knew he knew

saw him making off,with slow leaps over some fallen boughs,slow, impudent jumps.Then he glanced over his shoulder,and ran smoothly away.She saw his brush held smooth like a feather,she saw his white buttocks twinkle.And he was gone, softly,soft as the wind.She put

her gun to her shoulder,but even then pursed her mouth,knowing it

was nonsense to pretend to fire.So she began to walk slowly after him,

in the direction he had gone,slowly, pertinaciously.She expected to

find him.In her heart she was determined to find him.What she would do when she saw him again she did not consider.But she was determined

to find him.So she walked abstractedly about on the edge of the wood,

with wide,vivid dark eyes,and a faint flush in her cheeks.She did

not think.In strange mindlessness she walked hither and thither...As 297

soon as supper was over,she rose again to go out,without saying why.She took her gun again and went to look for the fox.For he had lifted his eyesupon her,and his knowing look seemed to have entered her brain. She did not somuch think of him:she was possessed by him.She saw his dark,shrewd,unabashedeye looking into her,knowing her.She felt him invisibly master her spirit.She knew the way he lowered his chin as

he looked up,she knew his muzzle,the golden brown,and the greyish

startled eyes glowing,her gun under her arm,along the wood edge. Meanwhilethe night fell,and a great moon rose above the pine trees. 23.At the beginning of the story,the fox seems to the all EXCEPT____.

A)cunning

B)fierce

C)defiant

D)annoying

24.As the story proceeds,March begins to feel under the spell of____.

A)the light

B)the trees

C)the night

D)the fox

25.Gradually March seems to be in a state of____.

A)blankness

B)imagination

C)sadness

D)excitement

26.At the end of the story,there seems to be a sense of____between March and the fox.

A)detachment

B)anger

C)intimacy

D)conflict

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27.The passage creates an overall impression of____.

A)mystery

B)horror

C)liveliness

D)contempt

TEXT D

The banners are packed,the tickets booked.The glitter and white overalls havebeen bought,the gas

It started on Bastille Day,last Saturday,with the French unions and immigrants on the streets and the first demonstrations in Britain and Germany about climate change.It

will continue tomorrow and Thursday with environmental and peace

rallies against President Bush.But the big one is in Genoa,on Friday and Saturday,where the G8leaders will meet behind the lines of18,000 heavily armed police.Unlike Prague, Gothenburg,Cologne or Nice,Genoa is expected to be Europe’s Seattle, the coming together of the

disparate strands of resistance to corporate globalisation.Neither the protesters nor the authorities know what will happen,but some things are predictable.Yes,there will be violence and yes,the mass media

will focus on it.What should seriously concern the G8is not so much the violence,the numbers in the streets or even that they themselves look like idiots hiding behind the barricades,but that the deep roots of a genuine new version of internationalism are growing.For the first

time in a generation,the international political and economic condition is in the dock.Moreover, the protesters are unlikely to go away,their confidence is growing rather than waning,their agendas are merging,the protests are spreading and drawing in all ages and concerns.No single analysis has drawn all the strands of the debate

the G8leaders,world bodies and businesses talk increasingly from the same script,so the protesters’once disparatepolitical and social analyses are converging.The longterm project of governments and world bodies to globalise capital and development is being mirrored by the 299

globalisation of protest.But what happens next?Governments and world bodies are unsure which way to turn. However well they are policed, major protests reinforce the impression of indifferent elites, repression of debate,overreaction to dissent,injustice and

unaccountable power.Their

options-apart from actually embracing the

broad agenda being put to them-are to retreat behind even higher barricades,repress dissent further, abandon global meetings

altogether or,more likely,meet only in places able to physically

resist the masses.Brussels is considering building a super fortress for international meetings.Genoa may be the last of the European superprotests.

28.According to the context,the word "parties"at the end of the first paragraph refers to____.

A)the meeting of the G8leaders

B)the protests on Bastille Day

C)the coming panEuropean protests

D)the big protest to be held in Genoa

29.According to the passage, economic globalisation is paralleled

B)the disappearing differences in the global protest movement

C)the growing European concern about globalisation

D)the increase in the number of protesters

30.According to the last paragraph, what is Brussels considering

doing?

A)Meeting in places difficult to reach.

B)Further repressing dissent.

C)Accepting the protesters’agenda.

D)Abandoning global meetings.

(结束PartⅢReading Comprehension(30

min)计时)

SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING(10 MIN)(开始SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING(10MIN)计时)

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In this section there are seven passages with ten multiplechoice questions.Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet. TEXT E

First read the question.31.The main purpose of the passage is to

____. A.demonstrate how to prevent crime B.show the seriousness of crime C.look into the causes of crime D.call for more government efforts Now go through TEXT E quickly to answer question31.For three weeks,

every night at11p.m., correspondents,officers and judges

criminals in prisons made their appearance on TV to debate on a topic "Crime in the United States". Indeed,crime has been disturbing the American people and has become

a serious social problem just next to the unemployment problem.Some

figures are terrifying:1of4 Americans has been a victim of some kind of crimes;nearly22million crimecases occurred last year throughout the country.A simple arithmetic calculation indicates

that

on average,a crime is being committed in every2seconds.Now the Americans are living in a horrible environment.Their safety and property are threatened by various crimes:robbery,theft,rape, kidnapping,murder,arson,vandalism and violence.The most worrisome problem comes from the fact that about onethird of crime cases were committed by the juvenile and53%of criminals in jails are youngsters below25.A poll indicates that about 73%of citizens said they avoided teenagers in streets,especially at night.To protect themselves from crime,according to a released figure, 52%of Americans keep guns at

home.But some gun owners turn out to be potential criminals.Some

people demand that strict law for gun control be enforced;but others oppose the ban of gun.No decision is in sight.Some experts said

poverty,unemployment and racial discrimination are the cause of

only about12%of the population

of the nation.Others argued that about54%of convicted criminals came from families associated with these evils.The American state government and federal government spend billions of dollars each year in maintaining the police departments and jails.But police authorities 301

complain that they have not

sufficient welltrained hands and advanced

equipment to detect and stop crimes. Several cases of criminal

insurgence were reported as a result of resentment at overcrowded prisons.Taxpayers complain that they pay more and more tax but receive less and less protection from crime for their lives and property.Though the host of the live TV programme made great efforts to search for a solution,so far no participant could put forward a measure that was approved by most of the attendants.

31.The main purpose of the passage is to____.

A)demonstrate how to prevent crime

B)show the seriousness of crime

C)look into the causes of crime

D)call for more government efforts TEXT F

First read the question.32.What is the main topic of the following passage?A.Differences between modes of learning. B.Deficiencies of formal learning. C.Advantages of informal learning. D.Social context and learning systems.Now go through

classroom,irrespective of whether such learning is informed by conservative or progressive ideologies.

"Informal learning",on the other hand,is used to refer to learning which takes place outside the classroom.These definitions provide the

essential,though by no means sole, difference bet ween formal and informal learning.Formal learning is decontextualised from daily life and,indeed,as Scribner and Cole (1973:553)have observed,may actually"promote ways of learning and thinking which often run counter to those nurtured in practical daily life".A characteristic feature

of formal learning is the centrality of activities that are not closely paralleled by activities outside the classroom.The classroom can

prepare for,draw on,and imitate the challenges of adult life outside

the classroom,but it cannot,by its nature,consist of these

challenges.In doing this,language plays a critical role as the major channel for information exchange. "Success"in the classroom requires a student to master this abstract code. As Bernstein(1969:152)noted,

the language of the classroom is more similar to the language used by

302

middleclass families than that used by workingclass families.

Middleclass children thus find it easier to acquire the language of

immediately relevant.In this context, language does not occupy such

an important role:the child’s experience of learning is more holistic,involving sight,touch, taste,and smell-senses that are underutilised in the classroom.While formal learning is transmitted

by teachers selected to perform this role,informal learning is

acquired as a natural part of a child’s development.Adults or older

children who are proficient in the skill or activity provide-sometime s unintentionally-target models of behaviour in the course of everyday https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e514369255.html,rmal learning, therefore,can take place at any time and

is not subject to the limitations imposed by institutional

timetabling.

The motivation of the learner provides another critical difference between the two modes of learning.The formal learner is generally

motivated by some kind of external goal such as parental approval, social status,and potential

financial reward.The informal learner,

however,tends to be motivated by successful completion of the task itself and the partial acquisition of adult status.

32.What is the main topic of the following passage?

A)Differences between modes of learning.

B)Deficiencies of formal learning.

First read the question.33.The three approaches mentioned in the

passage aim at____.A.restructuring economy B.improving the tax system

C.improving the living conditions

D.reducing poverty Now go through TEXT G quickly to answer question33. As a rule,it is essential that

the poor’s productive capabilities be mobilized and the conditions

for developing these human resources be improved.In this con nection, German development policy has developed the following three approaches:-Structural reform: Structural reform is the preferred approach for reducing poverty because it eliminates the causes of

poverty rather than just its symptoms. It is vital that economic,

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political and social conditions which can alleviate poverty be

established at national and international levels.Efforts at international level focus on fair conditions for international trade and competition.At national level, the poor must be helped through structural reform such as the introduction of democratic government,

options for independent private enterprise,decentralization and agricultural reform.Development policy tools for realizing such reforms include political dialogue, political advisory services, structural adjustment measures and personnel and material support for

2011年英语专业八级真题完整答案及详细解析word版

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011) GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now, listen to the mini-lecture. Classifications of Cultures According to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures. I. High-context culture A. feature - context: more important than the message - meaning: (1)__________ i.e. more attention paid to (2) ___________ than to the message itself B. examples - personal space - preference for (3)__________ - less respect for privacy / personal space - attention to (4)___________ - concept of time - belief in (5)____________ interpretation of time - no concern for punctuality - no control over time II. Low-context culture A. feature - message: separate from context - meaning: (6)___________ B. examples - personal space - desire / respect for individuality / privacy - less attention to body language

2016专八真题翻译题及答案详解

2016年专八翻译题及答案详解 “流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫。”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。 【参考译文1】 They have found that the flowing water,either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns. With the passage of time, the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow. People naturallyhave a sense of urgency to value every bit of time. As time goes by,no matter how slowly it elapses, people always use the word “liushi” to warn thelater generations for fear of time’s flowing away. They tell their descendants to treasure every single minute and make a hurried action, which adds a sense of tension to the word. 【参考译文2】 They find that either a murmuring stream or a mighty river has gone forever and that the passage of time turns a young man into an old one, and yellows of the grass, which sends a massage of how time flies. Maybe the passing of time is slow. But no matter how slow it is, it makes people so fearful that they use “passage” to warn the later generations to rush. And the use of “passage” also infuses a sense of tension into the word. 【参考译文3】

2018英语专八阅读练习题及答案

2018 英语专八阅读练习题及答案 英语专业八级针对的对象是英语及相关专业大四学生。非英语及相 关专业与非在校生无法参加考试。英语专业八级考试(TEM-8),全称为 全国高校英语专业八级考试。应届毕业生网小编为大家整理了2018 英 语专八阅读练习题及答案汇总，供各位考生参考。 Exploration of the Titanic After resting on the ocean floor, split asunder and rusting, for nearly three-quarters of a century, a great ship seemed to cone alive again. The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1,500 passengers to their death, has been celebrated in print and on film, in poetry and song. But last week what had been legendary suddenly became real. As they viewed videotapes and photographs of the sunken leviathan, millions of people around the world could sense her mass, her eerie quiet and the ruined splendor of a lost age. Watching on television, they vicariously joined the undersea craft Alvin and Jason Jr. (J.J.) as they toured the wreckage of the luxury liner, wandering across the decks past corroded bollards, peering into the officers quarters and through rust-curtained portholes. Views of the railings where doomed passengers and crewmembers stood evoked images of the moonless night 74years ago when the great ship slipped beneath the waves. The two-minute videotape and nine photographs, all in color and shot 12,500ft.under the North Atlantic, were a tiny sample of 60 hours of video and 60,000 stills garnered during the twelve-day exploration. They are released at a Washington press conference conducted by Marine Geologist Robert Ballard, 44, who led the teams from the Wood Hole Oceanographic

2018专八真题解析

2018年专八试卷核对 试卷一 [20 M1NJ PAK1 n JKA\JSI.AU<^ Trun\kitc fhe ufuitrlimtl pari t/f rhe It'.rf fnun ('hinese info Fn吵询.何制尸 trumfar^n 何A V.s H A/Z \HEk T HfREE ? 文―起昭便我灯的内Cf可以达到这样的擁’繼勰恥煎感*生活不如童时. 戈聲书1?舞我们養供「“以迖到卅比塚宾咀h打I傀界沁弟叭即的木町tfe比我训曼先生活中的冰薪捕，犬比般心城实中时天要运「理实中没f 籃的辽节.扪杵.”吧仃氷價曲t最山恰埒祝英柠》押（岁常戏打朱渦叫汕ijt恢盘弼补找们现赏哇话申所存在的彳; 班和削艇： H 2018TEM8 作文：追求完美好还是不好 ps :作文为材料作文，两则材料，材料主题为“追求完美好还是不好” 1. formal innovation 2. rapport 3. atte nding sect ion 4. writing long papers 5. high nu mbers 6. being filmed 7. comparable questio ns 8. a n atural order 9. figure out 10. s e nsitive

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6.being filmed https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e514369255.html,parable questions 8.a natural order 9.figure out 10.sensitive 11.repeating 12.integrate into 13.logical or natural 14.editing 15.fundamental elements 听力： 1. The initial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase 2.[A] he's made up his mind to change some of his passwords.

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