2012年在职教育硕士英语一真题与答案

2012年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考

2012英语试卷—A 第1页共15页

Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)

Section A Dialogue Completion

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

1、Speaker A:I am so glad I caught you at home. I need your help!

Speaker B: ________, Robin?

A. Can I

B. Do you

C. What’s that

D. What’s up

2、Speaker A:I don’t have the slightest idea what you want to say.

Speaker B: You don’t have to.________

A. Forget it.

B. Just follow my lead.

C. I’ll say it later.

D. If only you wanted to.

3、Speaker A: Nobody listened to what I have to say. I feel like a fool.

Speaker B: Don’t worry._______

A. I’m with you.

B. I like you.

C. They are fools themselves.

D. They are no better.

4、Speaker A: Oh, hi Dr. Hill. Can I discuss my grade on my term paper with you now?

Speaker B: Sure.________

A. What seems to be the problem?

B. That seems to be a mistake.

C.I really appreciate it.

D. Could I check back with you later?

5、Speaker A: Mr. Jacob, you are a great help. How can I pay you back?

Speaker B: OK, you buy me a coffee,________.

A. and there is no problem

B. and we are even

C. and you’ll feel better

D. and I won’t say anything

2012英语试卷—A 第2页共15页

Section B Dialogue Comprehension

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

6、Woman: Mr. Simpson, all the department managers are here except John.

Man: Let’s get the meeting rolling.

Question: What does the man mean?

A. Cancel the meeting

B. Start the meeting

C. Put the meeting off

D. Continue the meeting

7、Woman: Protecting the environment should be on the agenda of every one of us.

Man: You took the words right out of my mouth.

Question: What did the man mean?

A. He agreed with the woman.

B. He didn’t believe the woman.

C. The woman’s words hurt him.

D. The woman was talking nonsense.

8、Woman: I can’t forgive myself for that terr ible mistake I have made.

Man: Well, don’t be too hard on yourself. It happens to the best of us.

Question: What does the man mean?

A. The man should not be forgiven.

B. Smart people make few mistakes

C. The mistake is not serious

D. The man needn’t feel that

9、Woman :Here you are. Do it by six o’clock, OK?

Man: By six o’clock? Give me a break. I’m not a superman.

Question: What does the man mean?

A. He wants to take a break.

B. He has to work like a superman.

C. There is not enough time for him.

D. The work is too difficult for him.

2012英语试卷—A 第3页共15页

10、Woman: I ’m clueless and, quite frankly, I’m getting worried about the future.

Man: We’re all in the same boat.Leaving school’s a big step.

Question: What’s the issu e they are facing now?

A. Graduation examination.

B. Traveling expenses.

C. Career choices

D. Personal finance.

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. You’re your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with

a single line through the center.

11、I was annoyed by Tom who came late for our appointment and never ______to ask how long I had been waiting.

A. bother

B. to bother

C. bothering

D. bothered

12、The team members were upset when they heard that the project ______have to be abandoned.

A. might

B. should

C. need

D. shall

13、I’ve attached my contact information in the recommendation letter ______you have further questions.

A. because

B. so that

C. since

D. in case

14、As computer security systems become even more advanced, ______the methods of those who try to break into

them illegally.

A. so too do

B. so much do

C. as much as

D. as well as

2012英语试卷—A 第4页共15页

15、The questions are certain to _______careful consideration before any major decision.

A. give

B. have given

C. be given

D. have been given

16、This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but it many create new problems if it really _______.

A. is

B. will

C. has

D. does

17、I don’t know why Mary didn’t a sk me how to do it as I _______her.

A. must help

B. would help

C. should have helped

D. could have helped

18、Peter and Bob both did a good job, but Peter is ______talented of the two.

A. the most

B. the more

C. most

D. more

19、The function of school education is not so much to teach you things ________to teach you the art of learning.

A. than

B. then

C. as

D. but

20、Graduate school and college are similar _________you have to choose a field of study and do research.

A. in that

B. for that

C. for which

D. in which

21、Father sometimes goes to the gym with us though he _____going there.

A. enjoys

B. prefers

C. dislikes

D. denies

2012英语试卷—A 第5页共15页

22、She was among the most ______players in the game ,but the car accident ruined everything.

A. promised

B. promoted

C. promising

D. promoting

23、Dina ,struggling for months to get a job as a waitress, finally took a ______at a local advertising agency.

A. chance

B. position

C. step

D. challenge

24、He doesn’t eat pork ,but ______that he’ll eat just about anything.

A. rather than

B. no more than

C. other than

D. no longer than

25、Simon finally ______to pressure from his parents to stop his tennis training before the exam.

A. gave up

B. gave in

C. gave out

D. gave way

26、Thomas Edison was responsible for many _____in addition to the light bulb.

A. inventions

B. imaginations

C. instructions

D. innovations

27、Thrilled that she got her first paycheck ,Nancy immediately_______ her old cell phone with a newer model.

A. replaced

B. renewed

C. combined

D. compared

28、Advertising is a tough business because it is very difficult to ________new ideas to sell the same product.

A. come up with

B. get along with

C. come up to

D. get down to

2012英语试卷—A 第6页共15页

29、After thinking hard about why I did not have enough time for my schoolwork. I became_______ that I watched

too much TV.

A. doubtful

B. worried

C. puzzled

D. aware

30、Following the same rules all these years, the club is _______to any from of change.

A. resolved

B. resistant

C. restricted

D. reserved

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage One

It has never been easy to be a teenager , and it is particularly difficult today. The world expects us to be grown up but rarely treats us like adults; we are part of a society in which drugs are readily available but extremely dangerous; our education consists of examinations and more examinations… Is it any wonder we struggle at times?

One of the biggest problems is that parents demand mature and intelligent behavior from us ,yet usually think of us as still being children .We help do a range of housework and care for sickly grandparents, but cannot watch adult movies on television. We are expected to show an interest in current affairs and get a part-time job to begin to support ourselves, but are not even allowed a say in where we go for the family holiday---never mind being allowed

to holiday with our friends！

Outside the home , we have to make sure our dissatisfaction does not lead us to rebellion and to the dealers who are just waiting to sell us various drugs .Older generations had to come to terms with alcohol and cigarettes; that was easy, by comparison. We go to a club, to dance, then are faced with temptations(诱惑), peer

2012英语试卷—A 第7页共15页

pressures and our own desire to fit in with the crowd .There is always someone there with a designer drink ,a designer smile and the latest designer drug to tempt us .Being a teenager has never been harder.

Of course , it has never been so hard in school either .We have so many examinations that it is difficult to keep track: SATs, GCSEs … and the practice tests that accompany them. Homework is never ending. No teacher seems aware of how much work the others are setting , and, anyway, they would not care ,because they are all under orders to improve results or their own careers will suffer.

31. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?

A. The tempting drugs that can be easily bought.

B. The changing world that teenagers have to adapt to.

C. School education that focuses merely on examinations.

D. Various problems that teenagers have to deal with.

32. Parents will most probably say no to their children if they want to _______.

A. learn current affairs by watching TV

B. go on vacation with friends

C. take a part time job while in school

D. holiday with the rest of the family

33.What does the author mean by saying“Being a teenager has never been harder”in Paragraph 3?

A. Parents are more demanding than ever before.

B. Teenagers have to try harder to fit into the world.

C. Teenagers are under greater pressure from peers.

D. There are more and stronger temptations than before.

34.As is used in Paragraph 4 , “the others ”refers to ______.

A. colleagues

B. neighbors

C. parents

D. students

2012英语试卷—A 第8页共15页

35. W hy do teachers give their students a huge lot of homework and examinations?

A. They have a strong sense of responsibility.

B. They intend to inspire students’ interest in learning.

C. They are demanded to improve students’ scores.

D. They intend to have students work harder in school.

Passage Two

If you like to take lots of vacation , the United States is not the place to work .Besides a handful of national holidays the typical American worker gets two or three precious weeks off out of a whole year to relax and see the world ---much less than what people in many other countries receive. And even that amount of vacation often comes with strings attached.

So what’s going on here?

A big reason for the difference is that paid time off is demanded by law in many parts of the world .Germany is among more than two dozen industrialized countries---from Australia to Japan---that require employers to offer four weeks or more of paid vacation to their workers , according to a 2009 study by the human resources consulting company Mercer. Finland , Brazil and France are the champions, guaranteeing six weeks of time off. But employers in the United States are not obliged under federal law to offer any paid vacation , so about a quarter of all American workers don’t have access to it , government figures show . That makes the U.S . the only advanced nation in the world that doesn’t guarantee its workers annual leave.

Most U.S. companies , of course , do provide vacation as a way to attract and retain workers . But the fear of layoffs and the ever –faster pace of work mean many Americans are reluctant to be absent from the office ---anxious that they might loo like they’re not committed to their job . Or they worry they won’t be able to cope with a pile of work waiting for them after a vacation.

Then , there ‘s the way we work .

Working more makes Americans happier than Europeans , according to a study published recently in the Journal of Happiness Studies. That may be because Americans believe more than Europeans do that hard work is associated with success.

2012英语试卷—A 第9页共15页

So despite research documenting the health and productivity benefits of taking time off , a long vacation can be undesirable , scary , unrealistic or just plain impossible for many U.S. workers.

36．According to the passage , the United States is a nation_________.

A. that prefers relatively longer vacations

B. that has fewer national holidays

C. where workers do not have paid time off

D. where employers are not required to offer paid vacation

37.The phrase “with strings attached”(Para.1) probably means “_________”.

A. with specified conditions

B. with full freedom

C. with many options

D. with work in mind

38. Which of the following countries offers the longest annual leave to its workers?

A. Germany .

B. Japan.

C. France .

D. Australia.

39. Many Americans are hesitant to take a vacation because they __________.

A. are afraid of losing their jobs

B. enjoy the fast pace of work

C. are devoted to their jobs

D. like the challenges in work

40. According to the author , Americans’ chance of taking a long vacation is ______.

A. uncertain

B. slim

C. good

D. promising

Passage Three

New research suggests that animals have a much higher level of brainpower than previously thought . If animals do have intelligence , how do scientists measure it ? Before defining animals’ intelligence , scientists defined what is not intelligence . Instinct is not intelligence . It is a skill programmed into an animal’s brain . Rote(机械记忆)

2012英语试卷—A 第10页共15页

conditioning is also not intelligence . Tricks can be learned by repetition , but no real thinking is involved . Scientists believe that insight(顿悟)，the ability to use tools , and communication using human language are all effective measures of the mental ability of animals.

Scientists define insight as a flash of sudden understanding . When a young gorilla could not reach fruit from a tree , she noticed some boxes scattered about the lawn near the tree . She piled up the boxes , then climbed on them to reach her reward . The gorilla’s insight allowed her to solve a new problem without trial and error.

The ability to use tools is also an important sign of intelligence . Crows use sticks to get nuts out of cracks . The crow exhibits intelligence by showing it has learned what a stick can do . Likewise , seals use rocks to crack open shells in order to get at the meat.

Many animals have learned to communicate using human language . One chimp can recognize and correctly use more than 250 abstract symbols on a keyboard . These symbols represent human words. An amazing parrot

can distinguish five objects of two different types . He can understand the difference between the number , color , and kind of object . The ability to classify is a basic thinking skill. He seems to use language to express his needs and emotions . When ill and taken to the animal hospital for his first overnight stay , this parrot turned to go . “Come here!”he cried to a scientist who works with him . “I love you . I’m sorry. Wanna go back?”

The research on animal intelligence raises important questions . If animals are smarter than once thought , would that change the way humans interact with them? Would humans stop hunting them for sport or survival? Would animals still be used for food , clothing , or medical experimentation? Finding the answer to these tough questions makes a difficult puzzle even for a large-brained, problem-solving species like our own.

41.As is mentioned in Paragraph 1 , “tricks”played by animals may be ________.

A. a sign of intelligence

B. a sign of instinct

C. learned through training

D. programmed in their brain at birth

2012英语试卷—A 第11页共15页

42. Crows’ using sticks to get nuts out of cracks illustrates_________.

A. rote learning

B. the ability to use tools

C. communication skills

D. instinctive response

43. The parrot’s being able to distinguish five objects of two different types indicates ______.

A. its ability to classify

B. its ability to count

C. a grasp of human language

D. a flash of sudden understanding

44. Which of the following is an example of animals’ communication through the use of human language ?

A. Parrots can imitate.

B. Gorillas scream for help.

C. A crow shouts warnings to other crows.

D. Chimps use symbols that stand for words.

45. The last paragraph implies that __________.

A. there is no way of measuring animal intelligence

B. animals are given opportunities to display their intelligence

C. the human-animal relationship needs to be reconsidered

D. some animal instincts are well beyond our knowledge

Passage Four

A nother kinds of distinction that can be made among works of art is whether they were originally intended as objects purely to be looked at , or as objects to be used . The FINE ARTS , such as drawing , painting , and sculpture , involve the production of works to be seen and experienced primarily on an abstract rather than practical level . Pieces of fine art may produce emotional , intellectual , sensual , or spiritual responses in us . Those who love the fine arts feel that these responses are very valuable , and perhaps

2012英语试卷—A 第12页共15页

Especially so in the midst of a highly materialistic world , for they expand our awareness of the great richness of life itself.

In contrast to the nonfunctional appeals of the fine arts , the first purpose of the APPLIED ARTS is to serve some useful function . Lucy Lewis , a traditional potter from Acoma Pueblo in New Mexico , has applied a visually exciting surface decoration to her water jar. But the jar’s main reason for being , however , is to hold water . Some of the people of Acoma , which may be the oldest continually inhabited city in the United States , still follow the old ways , carrying water for drinking , cooking , and washing up to their homes from natural ponds below . The forms of their water jars are therefore designed to prevent spilling and to balance readily on one’s head . The pots must also be light in weight , so Acoma water pots are some of the world’s thinnest – walled pottery . Interestingly , the languages of most Native American peoples do not include a word that means “fine art . ”While they have traditionally created pottery , basketry , and weaving with a good sense of design , these pieces were part of their everyday lives.

The applied art of pottery-making , is one of the crafts , the making of useful objects by hand . Other applied art disciplines are similarly functional . Graphic designers create advertisements , fabrics , layouts for books and magazines , and so on ; Industrial designers shape the mass – produced objects used by high – tech societies , from cars , telephones , and teapots , to one of the most famous visual images in the world : the Coca –Cola bottle . Other applied arts include clothing design , interior design , and environmental design.

46. What has the author probably discussed right before the passage ?

A. The history of art .

B. The beauty of art .

C. Some distinctions among works of art .

D. The definition of art in general.

2012英语试卷—A 第13页共15页

47. Which of the following is true ?

A. Fine arts enrich our lives .

B. Fine arts are associated with application .

C. Products of crafts are made to be looked at .

D. People in the materialistic world lacks the sense of beauty .

48. The water jar mentioned in Paragraph 2 can be described as ___________.

A. an example of fine art

B. a product of graphic design

C. a case of industrial design

D. an object for practical use

49. The Coca –Cola bottle mentioned in Paragraph 3 ______.

A. is a product of crafts

B. is an example of applied art

C. produces spiritual responses

D. is an object to be looked at

50. What is this passage mainly about ?

A. The functions of a water jar.

B. Pottery-making in North America.

C. Fine and applied arts .

D. Nonfunctional appeals of fine arts.

Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

U. S. researchers suggest sleeping can help us remember things we have just learnt . A team from Northwestern University 51 that a 90-minute nap (小睡)can help people learn a new skill . The 52 on their research is published in the June edition of the journal Nature. The scientists say : “Information acquired during waking can be reactivated (重新激活) during sleep , 53 memory stabilization .”Test volunteers

2012英语试卷—A 第14页共15页

practised musical tunes before and after a short sleep . 54 the nap , the researchers played one of the tunes the volunteers had practiced . The team found that the participants made 55 errors when playing the tune that had been played while they slept .

Study co-author Dr Paul J . Reuber points out the research might not work 56 learning a foreign language while you sleep . He said : “The critical 57 is that our research shows that memory is strengthened for something you’ve already learned . ”He added : “Rather than learning something 58 in your sleep , we ‘re talking about enhancing an existing memory by reactivating information recently acquired .”59 ,Dr Reuber did say there were possibilities for language learners :“If you were learning 60 to speak in a foreign language during the day , for example , and then tried to reactivate those memories during sleep , perhaps you might enhance your learning ,”he said .

51. A. imagine B. learn C. report D. guess

52. A. claim B. article C. statement D. lecture

53. A. disturbing B. lowering C. updating D. promoting

54. A. During B. Before C. At D. After

55. A. more B. fewer C. less D. most

56. A. with B. for C. by D. upon

57. A. similarity B. difference C. viewpoint D. response

58. A. old B. strange C. unique D. new

59. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Instead

60. A. when B. where C. how D. why

2012英语试卷—A 第15页共15页

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

We all know that the most powerful force in our lives is love . In addition to providing us with soul-warming

companionship , the emotion of love is truly inspiring .

Of course , the facts of our lives tell a somewhat sad story . We have a very hard time making love last . The divorce rate in the U.S. is still around 50 percent . That figure doesn’t even cover the many couples that live together without marriage and whose unions are even more likely to dissolve .

Relationships fail because people have the misconception about what to expect in marriage . The fantasy is that everything will be wonderful as long as you find the perfect person –your missing half . But marriage is a team sport . It’s one team with two people , with two different minds . The difficulty is that these two people disagree all the time . They need to know nondestructive ways of expressing differences and must also be prepared for the inevitable disappointments that come from living with another person.

Part VI Writing (30minutes, 15 points)

Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topi c of “what would you consider an ideal work environment”. You may base your composition on the Chinese clues given below and put your composition on the ANSWER SHEE T .

工作环境包括很多方面：空间、设施、温度、光线、噪音、人员……

我想要的理想的工作环境是……

理想的工作环境的效用是……

参考答案：

1——10：D A A A B B A D A C

11——20：A A D A D D D B D A

21——30：C C B C B A A A D B

31——40：D B B A C D A C A B

41——50：C B A D C C A D B C

51——60：C B D A C B C D A C

2012年考研英语完形填空真题及答案

2012年考研英语完形填空 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. Thecourt cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians.Yet,inseveralinstances,justicesactedinwaysthat_3_thecourt’sreputationfor beingindependent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activitymakes itless likely that the court’s de cisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part ofthe problem is thatthe justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to thecode of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court andpolitics. TheframersoftheConstitutionenvisionedlaw_10_havingauthorityapartfrompoliti cs.Theygavejusticespermanentpositions_11_theywouldbefreeto_12_thoseinpower andhavenoneedto_13_politicalsupport.Ourlegalsystemwasdesignedtosetlawapartfro mpoliticsprecisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_likelibertyandproperty.Whenthecourtdealswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawit_16 _isinescapablypolitical-whichiswhydecisionssplitalongideologicallinesaresoeasily_17_asunjust. Thejusticesmust_18_doubtsaboutthecourt’slegitimacybymakingthemselves_19_ tothecode of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,_20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened[C]established [D] eliminated

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全国在职教育硕士英语学生用书第二版Unit 3 Unit 3 Travel Prepare Yourself Do you know ? tourist resort旅游胜地landscape scenery 山水风光 virgin forest 原始森林hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行 outdoor adventures户外冒险活动 a camper 野营者 How do you say it ? 远足hike 兜风go for a ride 观光sight-seeing 探险explore, exploration 交游go outing 滑雪skiing 冲浪surfing 睡袋sleeping bag 导游图tourist map 夏令营summer camp Make up a sentence Once in the wilderness, your chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but how not to get lost! 在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！ Happiness takes no account of time. Text1 Enjoy the Great Outdoors Few countries have such a varied and tempting outdoors as the USA. There is every kind of climate except tropical; Arctic in Alaska, Mediterranean in southern California, temperate in the northwest and northeast, subtropical in Florida, desert in Arizona and New Mexico. Death Valley, California, has the most consistently high summer temperature in the world It sometimes persists at 132°F. 很少有国家像美国那样具有各种各样诱人的户外活动。除热带气候外，各种气候都具备。阿拉斯加的极地气候，加利福尼州北部的地中海式气候，东北部和西北部的温带气候，佛罗里达州的亚热带气候，亚里桑那州和新墨西哥州的沙漠气候。加利福尼亚的死亡之谷，在夏季始终保持着全世界的最高温度，有时高达132华氏度。 As for the landscape, it is enormously varied and spectacular. In the west there are the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada, with their snow-capped peaks, and in the east the wild, forest-covered Appalachians, whose highest summit is nearly 7000 feet. There is an abundance of waterfall, gentle rivers, lakes that are small and intimate or vast like the Great Lakes, Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world and the waves which break on its shores are like the waves of the sea. In winter and in spring, campers, are tempted by the clear skies and dazzling multi-colored rocks of Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico. Even the bleak splendor of Death Valley attracts many winter visitors. 至于山水，那可是多种多样，引人入胜，颇为壮观。西部有落基山脉和内华达山脉，那里白

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义务教育教科书 英语 三年级（上册）Unit One Hello! -Hello! I’m Zoom. -Hi! My name’s Zip. -Hello! I’m Mike. -Hi, I’m Wu Yifan. -Hello, I’m Chen Jie. What’s your name -My name’s Sarah. -Goodbye! -Bye, Miss White! Let’s talk. -Hello, I’m Miss White. -Hello, I’m Wu Yifan. -Hi, I’m Sarah. Let’s play. -Hello, I’m Liu Xin. -Hi, I’m John. Let’s learn. ruler/eraser/pencil/crayon I have a ruler. I have an eraser. Let’s chant. I have a ruler. Me too! I have a pencil. Me too! I have a crayon. Me too! I have an eraser. Me too! Let’s sing. ABC song Aa-Bb-Cc-Dd-Ee-Ff-Gg,Hh-Ii-Jj-Kk-Ll-Mm-Nn, Oo-Pp-Qq,Rr-Ss-Tt,Uu-Vv-Ww-Xx-Yy-Zz. Xx-Yy-Zz,now you see, I can say my ABCs. Let’s find out. Let’s talk. -Hello, I’m Mike. What’s your name -My name’s John. -Goodbye!

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Unit One An Image or a Mirage C. 1. D 2.C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. C 8.B 9. D 10.B V. Translation A. 从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力，固然十分重要，但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人，往往产生错误的印象，因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象，一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 B. If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.” It is imperative for you to have good ima ge of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others. No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self — otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation. Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved. Unit 2 Is Love An Art? C. 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C V. Translation A. 学习艺术的过程可以很方便地分为两个部分：一是精通理论；二是善于实践。如果我想学习医学，我必须首先了解人体结构和各种疾病。当我具有了这些理论知识以后，我并不能胜任医学工作。只有经过大量的实践，我才能掌握这门学科，直到最终我把所掌握的理论知识和实践收获结合起来，并融合为一体——即成为我的直觉知识，这才是掌握任何一门学科的本质。然而，除学习理论和实践以外，在任何一门学科上想成为专家还必需有第三个因素——那就是，掌握这门艺术是你最关心的事情，在这个世界上肯定没有比这门学科更为重要