2016年6月英语六级第1卷真题及答案

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷(第1套) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use ofrobots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more ro bots take the place of humanbeings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words.

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1. A) Project organizer.

B) Public relations officer.

C) Marketing manager.

D) Market research consultant.

2. A) Quantitative advertising research.

B) Questionnaire design.

C) Research methodology.

D) Interviewer training.

3. A) They are intensive studies of people's spending habits.

B) They examine relations between producers and customers.

C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.

D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.

4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity.

B) Checking charts and tables.

C) Designing questionnaires.

D) The persistent intensity.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

5. A) His view on Canadian universities.

B) His understanding of higher education.

C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.

D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.

6. A) It is well designed.

B) It is rather inflexible.

C) It varies among universities.

D) It has undergone great changes.

7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.

B) Public universities are often superior to private universities.

C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.

D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.

8. A) University systems vary from country to country.

B) Efficiency is essential to university management.

C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.

D) Many private university in the U.S. are actually large bureaucracies.

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage One

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. A) Government's role in resolving an economic crisis.

B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.

C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.

D) The impact of the current economic crisis on peopled life.

10. A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees' wages.

B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.

C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.

D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.

11. A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.

B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed.

C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.

D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.

Passage Two

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

12. A) Whether memory supplements work.

B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.

C) Whether exercise enhances one's memory.

D) Whether a magic memory promises success.

13. A) They help the elderly more than the young.

B) They are beneficial in one way or another.

C) They generally do not have side effects.

D)They are not based on real science.

14. A) They are available at most country fairs.

B) They are taken in relatively high dosage.

C) They are collected or grown by farmers.

D) They are prescribed by trained practitioners.

15. A) They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.

B) Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.

C) Their effect lasts only a short time.

D) Many have benefited from them.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Recording One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

16. A) How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.

B) How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.

C) How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.

D) How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.

17. A) By training rescue teams for emergencies.

B) By taking steps to prepare people for them.

C) By changing people's views of nature.

D) By relocating people to safer places.

18. A) How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.

B) How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.

C) How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.

D) How destructive tropical storms can be.

Recording Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.

19. A) Pay back their loans to the American government.

B) Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.

C) Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.

D) Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.

20. A) Some banks may have to merge with others.

B) Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.

C) It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.

D) Many banks will have to lay off some employees.

21. A) It will work closely with the government.

B) It will endeavor to write off bad loans.

C) It will try to lower the interest rate.

D) It will try to provide more loans.

22. A) It won't help the American economy to turn around.

B) It won't do any good to the major commercial banks.

C) It will win the approval of the Obama administration.

D) It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.

Recording Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

23. A) Being unable to learn new things.

B) Being rather slow to make changes.

C) Losing temper more and more often.

D) Losing the ability to get on with others.

24. A) Cognitive stimulation.

B) Community activity.

C) Balanced diet.

D) Fresh air.

25. A) Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.

B) Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.

C) Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.

D) Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Let's say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of __26__ on your

roller-skates brings a smile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a __27__ attitude toward it.

This description of roller-skating __28__ the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it's great fun. These feelings __29__ the affective or emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge we have about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understand the health __30__ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes __31__ us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating.

Now, we don't want to leave you with the __32__ that these three components always work together __33__ . They don't; sometimes they clash. For example, let's say you love pizza (affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledge component) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attitude result in, eating pizza or

__34__ it? The answer depends on which component happens to be stronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime, your emotions and feelings probably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for your health. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where to go for dinner, however, the knowledge component may __35__ , and you decide to go where you can eat a healthier meal.

A.avoiding I.positive

B.benefits J.prevail

C.highlight K.primarily

D.illustrates L.prompt

E.impression M.specifications

F.improves N.strapping

G.inquiring O.typical

H.perfectly

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Changing Generation

[A] It turns out today's teenagers aren't so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKEND'S Teens & Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and approve of the way they're being raised. They think of their parents with affection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel that their parents understand them, and they believe their family is the No. 1 priority in their parents, lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have an object in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it

anything more alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD.

[B] Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that color the way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, , the same month the survey was taken, the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publication Media Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teens were shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminal justice system accounted for nearly one out of every five visual backgrounds. No wonder parents worry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulent waters of adolescence.

[C] The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that today's teens are affectionate, sensible and far happier than the angry and tortured souls that have been painted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuse and premarital sex are in general decline. We, of course, need to pay attention to youngsters who are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases to distort our view of most young people.

[D] My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with small samples of youngsters rather than large-scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I have read, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKEND'S survey. Today's teenagers admire their parents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice—though certainly not Mom and Dad's advice on matters of personal taste, such as music or fashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero，they usually select an older family member rather than a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents and friends.

[E] Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant of differences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉帮结派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have found in teens, statements about themselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By and large, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, "The kids are alright." [F] How much is today's spirit of harmony a change from our more turbulent past? A mere generation ago, parent-child relations were described as "the generation gap". Yet even then reports of widespread youth rebellion were

overdone: Most kids in the '60s and 70s shared their parents, basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawn of this new millennium (千年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a period of tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young person's family feels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are acting more like parents than in the recent past. Within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.

[G] But missing from all these data is the sense that today's young care very much about their country, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit.

[H] Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the "laws of life" that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we also found little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of their family and immediate friends.

[I] For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I was in high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recent studies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small a proportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civic organizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18- to 24-year-olds—are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in national elections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote.

[J] In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. " Most politicians are kind of crooked (不诚实的)" one student declared. Another, discussing national politics, said, “I feel like one person can't do that much, and I get the impression most people don't think a group of people can do that

much." Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented (depending on the student's values), and being more respectful of the Earth, animals and other people. One boy said, "I'd rather be concentrating on artistic efforts than saving the world or something." [K] It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good news when young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is also a place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, a love of country and an aspiration to make their own leadership contributions.

[L] In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Our society needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. We know the promise is there—this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group of youngsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

36. Not many young people eligible for voting are interested in local or national elections these days.

37. Parents are concerned that their children may get involved in criminal offences once they reach their teens.

38. Even during the turbulent years of last century, youth rebellion was often exaggerated in the media.

39. Teenagers of today often turn to their parents for advice on such important matters as career choice.

40. The incidence of teenage crime and misbehavior is decreasing nowadays.

41. Young people should have lofty ideals in life and strive to be leaders.

42. Some young people like to keep something to themselves and don't want their parents to know about it.

43. It is beneficial to encourage young people to explore the broader world and get ready to make it a better place.

44. Many teenagers now offer to render service to the needy.

45. Interviews with students find many of them are only concerned about personal matters.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules on how they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal Trade Commission.

The commission's revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broad claims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging and limit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled.

"This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they are buying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the commission.

The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since 1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%.

But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread of ecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the

eco-labeling game.

In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmental claims. It is clear that consumers don't always know what they are getting.

A handful of lawsuits have been filed in recent years against companies accused of using misleading environmental labels. In 2008 and 2009, class-action lawsuits (集体诉讼) were filed against SC Johnson for using "Greenlist" labels on its cleaning products. The lawsuits said that the label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when

the certification was the company's own.

"We are very proud of our accomplishments under the Greenlist system and we believe that we will prevail in these cases," Christopher Beard, director of public affairs for SC Johnson, said, while acknowledging that "this has been an area that is difficult to navigate."

Companies have also taken it upon themselves to contest each other's green claims.

David Mallen, associate director of the Council of Better Business Bureau, said in the last two years the organization had seen an increase in the number of claims companies were bringing against each other for false or misleading environmental product claims.

"About once a week, I have a client that will bring up a new certification I've never even heard of and I'm in this industry, said Kevin Wilhelm, chief executive officer of Sustainable Business Consulting. "It's kind of a Wild West, anybody can claim themselves to be green." Mr. Wilhelm said the excess of labels made it difficult for businesses and consumers to know which labels they should pay attention to.

46. What do the revised "Green Guides" require businesses to do?

A) Manufacture as many green products as possible.

B) Indicate whether their products are recyclable.

C) Specify in what way their products are green.

D) Attach green labels to all of their products.

47. What does the author say about consumers facing an explosion of green claims?

A) They can easily see through the businesses' tricks.

B) They have to spend lots of time choosing products.

C) They have doubt about current green certification.

D) They are not clear which products are truly green.

48. What was SC Johnson accused of in the class-action lawsuits?

A) It gave consumers the impression that all its products were truly green.

B) It gave a third party the authority to label its products as environmentally friendly.

C) It misled consumers to believe that its products had been certified by a third party.

D) It sold cleaning products that were not included in the official "Greenlist".

49. How did Christopher Beard defend his company's labeling practice?

A) There were no clear guidelines concerning green labeling.

B) His company's products had been well received by the public.

C) It was in conformity to the prevailing practice in the market.

D) No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.

50. What does Kevin Wilhelm imply by saying "It's kind of a Wild West" (Line 3，Para. 11)?

A) Businesses compete to produce green products.

B) Each business acts its own way in green labeling.

C) Consumers grow wild with products labeled green.

D) Anything produced in the West can be labeled green.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.

That's why school reform is so critical. This is an issue of equality, opportunity and national conscience. It's not just about education, but about poverty and justice.

It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty. Southern states without strong teachers' ，unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states. Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved. There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.

I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation. Teachers need to be much better paid to attract the best college graduates to the nation's worst schools. But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.

There's solid evidence that there are huge differences in the effectiveness of teachers. The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.

Get a bottom 1% teacher, and the effect is the same as if a child misses 40% of the school year. Get a teacher from the top 20%, and it's as if a child has gone to school for an extra month or two.

The study found that strong teachers in the fourth through eighth grades raised the skills of their students in ways that would last for decades. Just having a strong teacher for one elementary year left pupils a bit less likely to become mothers as teenagers, a bit more likely to go to college and earning more money at age 28.

How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge. But researchers are improving systems to measure a teacher's performance throughout the year, and, with three years of data, ifs usually possible to tell which teachers are failing.

Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring. That's an insult to students.

Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers. This isn't a battle between garment workers and greedy bosses. The central figures in the Chicago schools strike are neither strikers nor managers but 350,000 children. Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.

51. What do we learn about America's education system?

A) It provides a ladder of opportunity for the wealthy.

B) It contributes little to the elimination of inequality.

C) It has remained basically unchanged for generations.

D) It has brought up generations of responsible citizens.

52. What is chiefly responsible for the undesirable performance of inner-city schools?

A) Unqualified teachers. C) Unfavorable learning environment.

B) Lack of financial resources. D) Subconscious racial discrimination.

53. What does the author think the union should do to win popular support?

A) Assist the city government in reforming schools. C) Demand higher pay for teachers.

B) Give constructive advice to inner-city schools. D) Help teachers improve teaching.

54. What is the finding of the gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars?

A) Many inner-city school teachers are not equal to their jobs.

B) A large proportion of inner-city children often miss classes.

C) Many students are dissatisfied with their teachers.

D) Student performance has a lot to do with teachers.

55. Why does the author say the Chicago unions demand is an insult to students?

A) It protects incompetent teachers at the expense of students.

B) It underestimates students, ability to tell good teachers from poor ones.

C) It makes students feel that they are discriminated against in many ways.

D) It totally ignores students，initiative in the learning process.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服装，源于中国的满族（Manchu Nationality）。在清代，旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20 年代，受西方服饰影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口（cuffs）变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分展现。

如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。

2016年6月真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) 写作参考答案

The evolution of modem robot technology seems to be a mixed blessing. O ptimists say thatmore robots will lead to greater productivity and economic growth, while pessimists complain that we will experience the greatest unem ployment crisis in human history. As for me, theworld where robots substit ute manual and mental labor is delightful rather than fearful.

There is no doubt that human society is benefiting tremendously from robots. On the onehand, industrial robots can assist in carrying out dirty, dull and d angerous tasks while offeringincreased productivity and safety. On the other hand, domestic robots can provide householdservices, freeing human being

s from the boredom of the daily chores. We aren't giving robots"easy jobs", but those that most of the time we aren't willing to do and even could never do.Without robots, these jobs would remain undone or be done inefficiently. In spite of the potential of machines to replace workers, technological prog ress has always eliminated some specific jobs. But in the meantime, it also h as created new opportunities for humanemployment, at an even faster rate.

Robots are very likely to permeate much of our daily life in the coming years , but it is notnecessary to worry they will snatch jobs from us, because we wi ll assign more challenging jobs to them.

【解析】

本题要求考生围绕“在未来，越来越多的人工劳动将被机器取代会是怎样一番情景”写一篇作文，考生既可以阐述其积极的一面，也可以论述其不利的一面。根据题目要求，可以采取以下布局；

第一段；提出人们对机器人所持的不同态度，并表明自己的立场。机器人替代体力劳动和脑力劳动让我们的生活更加轻松快乐。

第二段：具体从两个方面来分析机器人取代人力劳动的积极意义。

第三段：总结全文，指出机器人不会抢走我们的工作，因为我们会让它们做更多的事。

听力Section A 参考答案

1 What position does the woman hold in the company?

[D]【解析】对话一开头男士就问女士做市场调查顾问有多久了，可见女士在公司的职位是市场调査顾问。因此D 项为答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于职位的内容，预测问题问职业。②A 项“项目组织者”、B 项“公共关系职员”以及 C 项“营销经理”都没有在对话中提及，只是利用录音的个别字

词organize, project, relationship 作干扰，故均予以排除。

2 What does the woman specialize in at the moment?

[A]【解析】对话中女士在被男士问到对什么感兴趣时，女士回答说目前专攻量化广告研究。

A 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于研究、设计、培训等内容，听音时留意相关信息。②B 项“调查问卷设计”和 C项“研究方法论”都不是目前女士专攻的内容，是女士回答“和新客户建立良好关系要经历什么过程”这个问题时涉及到的，故排除；D 项“面试者培训”只是利用对话中出现的 interviewer 一词作干扰，故排除。

3 What does the woman say about trackers?

[D]【解析】对话中女士提到两个项目，其中之一是有关追踪系统，女士的解释为：这是个正在进行的项目，研究很长一段时期内的趋势或客户满意度。D 项中的 study 是录音原文中 look at 的同义替换，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项的主语都是 They,听录音时要留意其指代什么事物及其相关信息。

②A 项“它们是对人们消费习惯的集中研究”、B 项“它们调查生产者和顾客之间的关系”以及 C 项“它们寻找促销产品的有效的新方法”都不属于追踪系统的内容，故均予以排除。

4 What does the woman dislike about her job?

[B]【解析】对话末尾，女士对于最后一个问题——工作上喜欢和不喜欢的分别是什么的回答是：工作上的多样性对于我来说是重要的，至于不喜欢的内容就是图表的核对了。B 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项分别为关于晋升机会、设计调查问卷和检查图表等的名词短语，推测题目可能与工作相关。②C 项“设计调查问卷”是和新客户建立良好关系需要做的，并没有提到是女士不喜欢的工作内容，故排除；A 项“缺乏晋升机会”和 D 项“持续的紧张”都未在对话中提及，故排除。

5 What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?

[A] 【解析】对话一开头女士就请 Frederick 解释对于加拿大的大学的看法，由此可知，女士是想让Frederick 讨论他对加拿大的大学的看法。A 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于 his 的内容，听录音时要留意男士的相关信息。②女士只是想让男士谈下他对于加拿大的大学的看法，而不是想知道男士对于高等教育的理解，

故 B 项错误；C 项“他对于高等教育改进的建议”未在对话中提及，故排除；D 项“他对于美国大学官僚主义的抱怨”掺杂女士对于美国大学的看法，属于张冠李戴，故予以排除。

6 What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?

[B] 【解析】对话中男士说到在加拿大，教育部负责设计大学的课程，没有太多灵活变通的空间，也就是说加拿大的大学课程是相当不灵活的。B 项中的 rather inflexible是录音原文中 not much room for flexibility的同义替换，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于 It 的描述，听录音时要注意 It 指代什么及其相关信息。②录音只提到加拿大的大学课程由教育部设计，没有提到设计的质量怎么样、各大学课程表有何不同以及有何重大改变，故 A项“它设计得很好”、C 项“它在不同的大学不一样”和 D 项“它经历了巨大的变化”均予以排除。

7 On what point do the speakers agree?

[C] 【解析】对话中女士说在美国有一个问题，就是通常只有有钱人家的孩子才能上最好的学校，男士对此表示赞同，并且讲到不能给予每个人平等的教育机会确实是个问题。由此看来，他们都认为每个人都应该被给予平等的机会去接受高等教育，故选 C 项。

【干扰项排除】①选项中出现 universities、education、 institutions 等关键词，推测问题可能与大学教育相关。②A 项“美国和加拿大可以互相学习”，关于借鉴和学习，男子只提到我们或许可以向日本学习，故排除。对话最后男士讲到很难说哪种大学更好，女士也表示认同，所以 B 项“公立大学比私立大学更优越”错误。录音中男士谈及加拿大公立大学的办事效率低的问题，而女士提到美国的私立大学同样存在官僚主义，所以无从判断哪种大学更有效率，故排除 D 项“私立学校比公立机构更有效率”。

8 What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?

[C]【解析】对话最后男士得出结论：很难说公立大学和私立大学哪一个更好，因此，C 项为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项都是围绕大学这个话题展开，听录音时要注意相关信息。②录音谈及三个国家以及它们不同的大学制度，但男子并没有就此得出结论“大学制度随着国家的

不同而不同”，故排除 A 项。B 项“效率对于大学管理来说至关重要”，男子虽然谈及公立大学的管理效率问题，但他没有说效率是至关重要的，故排除 B 项。D 项“美国的很多私立大学实际上都是巨大的官僚机构”是女士的看法，而不是男士的结论，故排除。

Section B 参考答案

9 What is the International Labor Organization's report mainly about?

[B]【解析】录音开头提到，国际劳工组织最近的一份报告指出，世界各地实际工资水平的恶化情况让人质疑经济复苏的真实程度，B 项的 worsening real wage 是录音中

的deterioration of real wages 的同义替换，因此本题选 B 项。

【干扰项排除】①选项均为有一定概括性的名词短语，推测本题有可能是主旨类的题目。②A 项“政府在解决经济危机过程中所起的作用”是利用录音中个别词编造的干扰项，并非该报告的主要内容；C 项的 indications 和economic recovery虽在录音中有出现过，但经济复苏的征兆并非主题，且录音并没有单指美国经济复苏的情况，故 C 项不选；D 项“当前的经济危机对人们生活的影响”，当下应该是经济危机后的恢复时期，而非

current economic crisis，由此可排除。

10 According to an International Labor Organization's specialist, how will empl oyers feel if thereare more people looking for jobs?

[A]【解析】录音提到，这位专家认为，当更多人失业，就有更多人求职，雇主在提升工资吸引员工方面的压力便随之下降，A 项的 less pressure是录音

中pressure... will decline的同义表达，故选 A 项。

【干扰项排除】①选项的主语都是 They,根

据 raise employees' wages, choose... employees,expand... business operatio ns 等关键词，推测 They 应该指雇主，听音时留意关于雇主的信息。②B项“他们可以随意选择最合适的员工”、C 项“他们想扩展其经营范围”和 D 项“他们在跟对手竞争时会更有信心”均未在录音中提及。

11 What does the speaker mean by the work sharing scheme?

[C]【解析】录音末尾提到 work sharing scheme。该计划是想通过减少个人工时来避免裁员，然后由政府来补贴员工因减少工时而带来的损失，C 项是该处录音内容的同义表达，故为本题答案。

【干扰项排除】①根据选项出现的 employees, unemployed , layoffs 等关键词，推测问题可能与雇员失业或下岗有关，听音时留意相关信息。②A 项“员工和公司携手共度经济危机难关”、B 项“政府和企业联手为失业人员创造工作岗位”和 D 项“在企业内部鼓励团队合作”在录音中均未提及，故予以排除。

12 What question is frequently put to the speaker?

[A]【解析】说话人在录音开头部分即提到“我曾经经常被问到这些记忆力补品是否有效”，A 项是该处录音原句的概述，因此本题选 A 项。

【干扰项排除】①三个选项都出现了 memory，推测问题可能与记忆力有关，听音时留意相关信息。②B项“草药是否有奇效”，录音中虽提到 herbal，但说话人被问的是是否真的

有挽救记忆力的草本药物，B 项没有提到记忆力，故不选；C 项“锻炼是否有助于提高记忆力”是利用录音中提到的workout“锻炼，练习”来设置干扰；D 项“拥有神奇的记忆力能否

保证取得成功”在录音中未提及。

13 What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?

[D]【解析】说话人提到那类补品有很多并不一定名副其实，大部分的背后缺乏科学依据，D 项“他们并非以真正的科学为基础”是该句录音的同义表达。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项的主语都是 They,听音时留意其指代什么事物。②A 项“相较于年轻人，它们对年长者更有用”未在录音中提及；说话人多次表示这些补品多数没有什么效果，需谨慎服用，而且最后提到若跟其他药同服，还有可能产生不良后果,B 项“无论如何它们都是有益的”和 C 项“它们一般没什么副作用”与录音意思相反，均排除。

14 What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures?

[D]【解析】录音提到，在一些东方国家，这类补药属于处方药，剂量须由经过训练的执业医师所定，D 项为该处录音的概括，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项的主语都是 They，听音时留意其指代什么事物。②A 项“它们

在多数乡村集市上有售”和 C 项“它们是由农民采集和种植的”均未在录音中提及。B 项“它

们服用时的剂量相对较大”与录音所述不符。

15 What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?

[B]【解析】录音结尾，说话人提醒：很多时候人们没有真正意识到服用这类补药带来的影响，也不知道与其他药物同服可能会增加出现某些不良情况的风险，B 项为该处录音的同义表达。

【干扰项排除】①根据选项出现的 They、them、medications、effect 等关键词，推测问题可能问某样药物的作用，听音时留意相关信息。②A 项“它们通常被证实跟做脑力训练一样有效”、C 项“它们的效果只持续一小段时间”和 D 项“很多人受益于它们”在录音中均未提及，故予以排除。

Section C 参考答案

16 What is the talk mainly about?

[D]【解析】录音一开头提到自然灾害造成的负面影响随处可见：大量人员伤亡和经济损失。随后气象专家Geoffrey Love 提到在过去的50 年里，经济损失增加了50 倍，但死亡

人数已经下降了10 倍，原因是安全预警做得越来越好了。接下来录音都是围绕着人们采

取预防措施来减少自然灾害带来的危害展开。因此 D 项正确。

【干扰项排除】①选项都出现关键词 natural disasters,

由此可知本题与自然灾害有关。②虽然录音开头有提及一些发展中国家遭受严重的自然灾害，但录音接下来强调的是，采取预防措施，这些国家的人员伤亡成功降低了，故 A 项不对。

录音没有主要阐述世界气象组织如何研究自然灾害，故 B 项不对。C 项“人类在面对自然灾

害上显得有多无力”与录音提到的人们采取预防措施应对自然灾害这一事实不符。

17 How can we stop extreme events from turning into disasters?

[B]【解析】录音提到 Geoffrey Love 说极端事件还会继续发生，但是只有当人们未能做

好准备工作或预防措施时，极端事件才会最终演变成灾难，换言之，我们需要采取行动来为此做准备，因此选 B。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项都是 By+doing...结构，推测问题可能涉及做某事的方式。②

A 项“通过训练救援队伍来应对突发事件”、C 项“通过改变人们对自然的看法”和 D 项“通过把人们迁移到更安全的地方”录音均没有提及，故排除。

18 What does the example of Cuba serve to show?

[A]【解析】录音最后，世界气象组织列举了古巴和孟加拉国作为例子，说明这两个国家通过采取预防措施，成功地减少了自然灾害带来的大量人员死亡。接着录音提到，采用了预警系统的古巴在2008 年遭遇 5 次飓风连续袭击，仅有7 人遇难。A 项与之相符。

【干扰项排除】B 项“勇敢的古巴人怎样面对灾难”录音没有提及，故排除；C 项“古巴人如何遭受热带风暴的袭击”，录音虽有提及古巴人每年都遭受很多次热带风暴袭击这一事实，但这不是举古巴为例子的目的，故 C 项不对。古巴在防范热带风暴袭击方面做得很成功，

使得风暴造成的破坏并没有特别大，故排除 D 项“热带风暴的破坏力有多大”。

19 What does President Obama hope the banks will do?

[C]【解析】录音一开始提到，在美国政府和纳税人的帮助下，美国银行业得以复苏，总统奥巴马说银行是时候要作出回报了：现在银行更有义务去完成更大范围的经济复苏这一目标。

C 项与录音相符。

【干扰项排除】①选项都是原形动词短语，推测问题可能与行为动作有关。②A 项“向美国政府偿还贷款”录音没有提到，是利用录音个别字词拼凑而成的；录音没有提到为那些经济严重困难的个人或企业提供贷款，因此B 项错误。D 项“加快银行在房地产泡沫中的复苏”

是利用录音中的recovery和 the housing bubble设置的干扰项。

20 What is Martin Neil Baily's prediction about the financial situation in the f uture?

[B]【解析】录音提到，经济学家 Martin Neil Baily 认为银行业危机并没有结束，在2009 年已经有130 多家美国银行倒闭，预计在2010 年会有更多规模小的地区性银行面临倒闭，原因是商业地产贷款将到期，B 项与之相符。

【干扰项排除】①选项中多次提及 banks，推测问题与银行业有关。②A 项“一些银行可能不得不与其他银行合并”录音没有提及，故予以排除；C 项“银行将难以提供更多的贷款”只是分析家的观点，并不是 Martin NeilBaily 的预测，故排除；录音只是提到高失业率可能会导致借贷需求的减少以及银行不愿意放贷，并没有提及许多银行将不得不解雇员工，因

此 D 项错误。

21 What does U.S. Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operatio

n?

[D]【解析】在银行的问题上，Richard Davis 比一些经济专家更乐观，他说借贷就好像煤炭对于引擎的作用一样，所以我们要放出更多的贷款。D 项中 provide more loans 是录音中 make more loans 的同义转换，故为正确答案。

【干扰项排除】①从选项的内容来看，题目与 It(银行）将来的举动有关。②A 项“与政府

密切合作”、B 项“努力注销不良贷款”和 C 项“尝试降低利率”录音均没有提及，故予以排除。

22 What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?

[D]【解析】录音最后提到，如果美国经济再次开始下滑，Baily 认为应该有充分的理由二度刺激经济，因此 D项正确。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项都是关于 It 的情况，留意题目中的 It 指代何物。②A 项“它不会帮助美国经济好转”和 B 项“它不会对主要商业银行有好处”录音均没有提及，故予以排除；

C 项是利用录音中 Obama administration设置的干扰项，故排除。

23 According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive declin

e in older adults?

[A]【解析】录音开头提到当我们年老时，认知能力的下降意味着丧失学习新技能的能力，或者是容易忘记一些单词、名字和人脸。A 项的 unable to 是录音原

文 the loss of ability 的同义转换。

【干扰项排除】①四个选项都是动名词短语，内容涉及一些负面的影响，注意细节。②B 项“作出改变相当缓慢”、C 项“越来越经常发脾气”和 D 项“失去与他人相处的能力”录音均没

有提及，故予以排除。

24 According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decl ine?

[A]【解析】录音提到 James Burke 认为虽然没有有力的证据证实运动、饮食和认知刺激可以帮助降低认知能力衰退，但是它们仍能发挥一定的积极作用。因此 A 项是正确的。

【干扰项排除】录音没有提及参加社区活动和呼吸新鲜空气能减少认知能力衰退，因此 B 项和 D 项不对；录音只是提到饮食是减缓认知能力衰退的因素之一，并没有指是均衡饮食，也有可能指提高记忆力的食材，因此C 项也不准确。

25 What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline?

[C]【解析】录音最后提到，James Burke 提出一些建议，从医学、营养和认知刺激的角度来看，人们采取健康的生活方式，可以减少认知能力衰退的发生，故 C 项“尝试放弃不健康的生活方式”正确。

【干扰项排除】A 项“忽略衰老的症状和体征”、B 项“采取积极的生活态度”和 D 项“时不时向医生征求建议”录音均没有提及，故予以排除。