asp的网站新闻管理系统的设计与实现毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文

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外文文献翻译

文献、资料中文题目： asp的网站新闻管理系统的设计与实现

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翻译日期： 2017.02.14

毕业设计外文资料翻译

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外文出处：The Design and Implementation of

ASP Web Site News Management Systems 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。

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附件1：外文资料翻译译文

asp的网站新闻管理系统的设计与实现

利用ASP和SQL技术开发的网站新闻管理系统，实现了网站新闻的动态管理，使得对信息的管理更加及时、高效，提高了工作效率。同时对系统的开发原理、系统的功能特点和设计方案进行了介绍。

随着Internet的普及，越来越多的企业建立了自己的WWW网站，企业通过网站可以展示产品，发布最新动态，与用户进行交流和沟通，与合作伙伴建立联系，以及开展电子商务等。其中新闻管理系统是构成企业网站的一个重要组成部分，它担负着双层作用，一方面可以用来动态发布有关新产品或新开发项目，另一方面又可以及时向顾客公告企业经营业绩、技术与研发进展、特别推荐或优惠的工程项目、产品和服务，从而吸引顾客，扩大顾客群。

传统的网站新闻管理方式有两种，一是静态HTML页面，更新信息时需要重新制作页面然后上传页面并修改相应链接，这种方式因为效率太低已不多用。二是基于ASP和脚本语言，将动态网页和数据库结合，通过应用程序来处理新闻，这是目前较为流行的做法。但是由于ASP本身的局限性使得系统有一些不可克服的缺陷，而采取了https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html, 技术的系统性能上有了很大的改善，其主要表现在以下几方面：

1．由于ASP页面每次打开都必须经过先编译后解释的过程，所以页面在反复打开时速度没有任何提升，而https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,页面只需要一次编译后不需要重新编译，直到该页面被修改或Web应用程序重新启动。这使得在多次访问时速度有了极大的提升。

2．由于ASP没有提供任何输出数据为内容的元件，所以在使用ASP撰写数据库页面时只能借助ADO的Record Set对象逐笔读取记录，而ASP通过https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,提供的DataGrid等数据库元件可以直接和数据库联系。

3．ASP支持应用程序的实时更新。管理员不必关掉网络服务器或者甚至不用停止应用程序的运行就可以更新应用文件。应用程序文件永远不会被加锁，因此甚至在程序运行时文件就可以被覆盖。当文件更新后，系统会温和地转换到新的版本。

4．ASP采取"code-behind"方式编写代码使得代码更易于编写，结构更清晰，降低

了系统的开发与维护的复杂度和费用。

1系统的开发原理

1.1 基于ASP技术的系统结构模型

ASP结构是一个三层系统：UI层、业务逻辑层和数据层。

UI层负责与用户交互，接收用户的输入并将服务器端传来的数据呈现给客户。

业务逻辑层负责接收浏览器传来的请求并将请求传给数据层，同时将请求处理结果发给浏览器。它由Web表单、XML Web服务和组件服务组成。其中Web表单是https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html, 应用程序的核心所在，它是向客户呈现数据和信息的基础，也是响应和处理客户与显示的Web表单交互生成的信息和数据的基础。

数据层是通过https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,操纵数据为事务逻辑层提供数据服务，如存储数据操作结果、返回数据检索结果等。

1.2 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,访问数据库的原理

与数据库相连，https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,提供了如下3种方式：通过ODBC相连；通过OLEDB相连；直接与SQL Server相连。3种方式由于应用层次的差异，使得效率由低到高，独立性由高到低。对于相连数据库的数据处理，也有2种方式，即一种是通过Dataset来隔离异构的数据源，另一种是以流方式从数据源读取(Data Reader方式)。

传统的应用程序是通过先建立到数据库的连接，在程序的整个运行过程中维护连接的方式来设计的。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,采取了断开连接方式的数据结构。当浏览器向Web服务器请求网页时，服务器处理这个请求，并将所请求的网页发送给浏览器，然后连接就被断开，直到浏览器发出下一个请求。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee14011163.html,的另一个创新是引入了数据集(Dataset)。一个数据集是内存中提供数据关系图的高速缓冲区。数据集对数据源一无所知，它们可以由程序或通过从数据仓库中调入数据而被生成、填充。不论数据从何处获取，数据集都是通过使用同样的程序模板而被操作的，并且它使用相同的潜在的数据缓冲区。

2 系统的功能设计

2.1 系统的功能结构

该新闻管理系统可以在Windows 2000 Server操作系统平台上运行，Web服务器为IIS，数据库服务器为Microsoft SQL Server2000，开发工具采用的Microsoft Visual

Studio .NET和DreamWeaver。其工作流程为：用户登录通过权限判断，普通用户只能浏览、阅读和查询新闻，注册用户除了可以完成普通用户的操作外，还可以进入新闻管理模块进行新闻录入、修改和删除的操作。注册用户除系统管理员外只能对自己录入的新闻进行删改操作。

2.2 系统的功能特点

（1）操作简单、界面友好：完全控件式的页面布局，使得新闻的录入工作更简便；许多选项包括新闻类别、来源部门等只需要点击鼠标就可以完成；另外，跟踪出现的提示信息也让用户随时清楚自己的操作情况。

（2）即时可见：对新闻的处理（包括录入、修改、删除）将立即在主页的对应栏目显示出来，达到“即时发布、即时见效”的功能。

（3）功能完善：包括常见网站的新闻管理的各个方面：新闻录入、浏览、删除、修改、检索等各个方面，完整地实现了网站对即时新闻的管理要求。

（4）方便移植：针对不同的企业，只需要稍作修改就可以开发出适合本企业特点的网站新闻管理系统。

3 系统的详细设计

系统的主要功能是通过几个功能模块来实现的。具体的设计过程如下：

（1）系统登录：该模块负责将用户分为普通用户和注册用户来实现用户权限的管理。

（2）新闻浏览：该模块负责分页列出网站所有新闻的信息，包括标题、类型、来源部门字段及发布日期，每条新闻的标题被做成一个超链接，点击它们就能跳转页面进行新闻阅读。

（3）新闻阅读：在其他页面中点击标题链接即进入新闻阅读页面，此时，每条新闻的详细信息将被取出，包括内容、标题、关键字等，并按照相对固定的格式放置在页面的不同区域，所有新闻使用大致相同的页面布局，只是各字段对应的内容不同而已，另外，页面其它位置，可以动态放置其他元件，如网站标志logo、页面广告banner等链接图片，这样可以很容易地实现图文并茂的阅读效果。

（4）新闻查询：该模块提供了新闻查询功能，输入待查找的内容及选定分类信息可以快速地找到符合条件的新闻，并输出查询结果。

（5）新闻管理：该模块负责分页罗列登录的注册用户曾发布过且未删除的新闻信

息，用户可以对该条新闻进行删除、修改。非新闻发布者除系统管理员外不具有对该条新闻的处理权限，所以不同用户进入此页面将显示不同的内容。

（6）新闻录入和修改：注册用户录入一条新闻所需要的内容，包含标题、关键字、类型、来源部门、发布日期等，同时从登录模块得到用户名，这些信息将被写入数据库中保存。该模块还负责编辑状态下的更新，这时，它将根据取得的Title字段值对页面控件初始化。

SQL server 简介

1．SQL Server关系数据库简介

1．SQL Server是由Microsoft开发和推广的关系数据库系统（DBMS)，它最初是由Microsoft、Sybase和Ashton-Tate三家公司共同开发的，并于1988年推出了第一个OS/2版本。

2．关系数据库（RDBMS)管理系统功能：

维护数据库数据之间的关系；

保证数据存储的正确性；

当出现系统故障的时候，将所有数据恢复到能够保证一致行的某种状态

3．RDBMS：SQL Server，Oracle，DB/2,Sybase，Informix

4．Non-RDBMS(File-based）：Foxpro，Access

2、SQL Server 2000的版本

SQL Server 2000常见版本有：

企业版（Enterprise Edition）

支持所有SQL Server 2000的功能。该版本多用于大中型产品数据库服务器，并且可以支持大型网站，企业OLTP（联机事务处理）和大型数据仓库系统OLAP(联机分析处理）所要求的性能。

标准版（Standard Edition）

实用范围是小型的工作组或部门。它支持大多数的SQL Server2000功能。但是，不具有支持大型数据库，数据仓库和网站的功能。而且，不支持所有的关系数据库引擎的功能。

个人版（Personal Edition）

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毕业论文 外文翻译#(精选.)

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 题目：中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 系部名称：经济管理系专业班级:会计082班 学生姓名：任民学号： 200880444228 指导教师：冯银波教师职称:讲师 年月日

译文： 中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 国际商业管理杂志 2009.10 摘要：本文把重点集中于中国上市公司的融资活动，运用西方融资理论，从非制度性因素方面，如融资成本、企业资产类型和质量、盈利能力、行业因素、股权结构因素、财务管理水平和社会文化，分析了中国上市公司倾向于股权融资的原因，并得出结论，股权融资偏好是上市公司根据中国融资环境的一种合理的选择。最后，针对公司的股权融资偏好提出了一些简明的建议。 关键词：股权融资，非制度性因素，融资成本 一、前言 中国上市公司偏好于股权融资，根据中国证券报的数据显示，1997年上市公司在资本市场的融资金额为95.87亿美元，其中股票融资的比例是72.5％，，在1998年和1999年比例分别为72.6％和72.3％，另一方面，债券融资的比例分别是17.8％，24.9％和25.1％。在这三年，股票融资的比例，在比中国发达的资本市场中却在下跌。以美国为例，当美国企业需要的资金在资本市场上，于股权融资相比他们宁愿选择债券融资。统计数据显示，从1970年到1985年，美日企业债券融资占了境外融资的91.7％，比股权融资高很多。阎达五等发现，大约中国3/4的上市公司偏好于股权融资。许多研究的学者认为，上市公司按以下顺序进行外部融资：第一个是股票基金，第二个是可转换债券，三是短期债务，最后一个是长期负债。许多研究人员通常分析我国上市公司偏好股权是由于我们国家的经济改革所带来的制度性因素。他们认为，上市公司的融资活动违背了西方古典融资理论只是因为那些制度性原因。例如，优序融资理论认为，当企业需要资金时，他们首先应该转向内部资金（折旧和留存收益），然后再进行债权融资，最后的选择是股票融资。在这篇文章中，笔者认为，这是因为具体的金融环境激活了企业的这种偏好，并结合了非制度性因素和西方金融理论，尝试解释股权融资偏好的原因。

大学毕业论文---软件专业外文文献中英文翻译

软件专业毕业论文外文文献中英文翻译 Object landscapes and lifetimes Tech nically, OOP is just about abstract data typing, in herita nee, and polymorphism, but other issues can be at least as importa nt. The rema in der of this sect ion will cover these issues. One of the most importa nt factors is the way objects are created and destroyed. Where is the data for an object and how is the lifetime of the object con trolled? There are differe nt philosophies at work here. C++ takes the approach that con trol of efficie ncy is the most importa nt issue, so it gives the programmer a choice. For maximum run-time speed, the storage and lifetime can be determined while the program is being written, by placing the objects on the stack (these are sometimes called automatic or scoped variables) or in the static storage area. This places a priority on the speed of storage allocatio n and release, and con trol of these can be very valuable in some situati ons. However, you sacrifice flexibility because you must know the exact qua ntity, lifetime, and type of objects while you're writing the program. If you are trying to solve a more general problem such as computer-aided desig n, warehouse man ageme nt, or air-traffic con trol, this is too restrictive. The sec ond approach is to create objects dyn amically in a pool of memory called the heap. In this approach, you don't know un til run-time how many objects you n eed, what their lifetime is, or what their exact type is. Those are determined at the spur of the moment while the program is runnin g. If you n eed a new object, you simply make it on the heap at the point that you n eed it. Because the storage is man aged dyn amically, at run-time, the amount of time required to allocate storage on the heap is sig ni fica ntly Ion ger tha n the time to create storage on the stack. (Creat ing storage on the stack is ofte n a si ngle assembly in structio n to move the stack poin ter dow n, and ano ther to move it back up.) The dyn amic approach makes the gen erally logical assumpti on that objects tend to be complicated, so the extra overhead of finding storage and releas ing that storage will not have an importa nt impact on the creati on of an object .In additi on, the greater flexibility is esse ntial to solve the gen eral program ming problem. Java uses the sec ond approach, exclusive". Every time you want to create an object, you use the new keyword to build a dyn amic in sta nee of that object. There's ano ther issue, however, and that's the lifetime of an object. With Ian guages that allow objects to be created on the stack, the compiler determines how long the object lasts and can automatically destroy it. However, if you create it on the heap the compiler has no kno wledge of its lifetime. In a Ianguage like C++, you must determine programmatically when to destroy the

毕业论文5000字英文文献翻译

英文翻译 英语原文： . Introducing Classes The only remaining feature we need to understand before solving our bookstore problem is how to write a data structure to represent our transaction data. In C++ we define our own data structure by defining a class. The class mechanism is one of the most important features in C++. In fact, a primary focus of the design of C++ is to make it possible to define class types that behave as naturally as the built-in types themselves. The library types that we've seen already, such as istream and ostream, are all defined as classesthat is,they are not strictly speaking part of the language. Complete understanding of the class mechanism requires mastering a lot of information. Fortunately, it is possible to use a class that someone else has written without knowing how to define a class ourselves. In this section, we'll describe a simple class that we canuse in solving our bookstore problem. We'll implement this class in the subsequent chapters as we learn more about types,expressions, statements, and functionsall of which are used in defining classes. To use a class we need to know three things: What is its name? Where is it defined? What operations does it support? For our bookstore problem, we'll assume that the class is named Sales_item and that it is defined in a header named Sales_item.h. The Sales_item Class The purpose of the Sales_item class is to store an ISBN and keep track of the number of copies sold, the revenue, and average sales price for that book. How these data are stored or computed is not our concern. To use a class, we need not know anything about how it is implemented. Instead, what we need to know is what operations the class provides. As we've seen, when we use library facilities such as IO, we must include the associated headers. Similarly, for our own classes, we must make the definitions associated with the class available to the compiler. We do so in much the same way. Typically, we put the class definition into a file. Any program that wants to use our class must include that file. Conventionally, class types are stored in a file with a name that, like the name of a program source file, has two parts: a file name and a file suffix. Usually the file name is the same as the class defined in the header. The suffix usually is .h, but some programmers use .H, .hpp, or .hxx. Compilers usually aren't picky about header file names, but IDEs sometimes are. We'll assume that our class is defined in a file named Sales_item.h. Operations on Sales_item Objects

土木工程外文文献翻译

专业资料 学院： 专业：土木工程 姓名： 学号： 外文出处：Structural Systems to resist (用外文写) Lateral loads 附件：1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。

附件1：外文资料翻译译文 抗侧向荷载的结构体系 常用的结构体系 若已测出荷载量达数千万磅重，那么在高层建筑设计中就没有多少可以进行极其复杂的构思余地了。确实，较好的高层建筑普遍具有构思简单、表现明晰的特点。 这并不是说没有进行宏观构思的余地。实际上，正是因为有了这种宏观的构思，新奇的高层建筑体系才得以发展，可能更重要的是：几年以前才出现的一些新概念在今天的技术中已经变得平常了。 如果忽略一些与建筑材料密切相关的概念不谈，高层建筑里最为常用的结构体系便可分为如下几类： 1.抗弯矩框架。 2.支撑框架，包括偏心支撑框架。 3.剪力墙，包括钢板剪力墙。 4.筒中框架。 5.筒中筒结构。 6.核心交互结构。 7. 框格体系或束筒体系。 特别是由于最近趋向于更复杂的建筑形式，同时也需要增加刚度以抵抗几力和地震力，大多数高层建筑都具有由框架、支撑构架、剪力墙和相关体系相结合而构成的体系。而且，就较高的建筑物而言，大多数都是由交互式构件组成三维陈列。 将这些构件结合起来的方法正是高层建筑设计方法的本质。其结合方式需要在考虑环境、功能和费用后再发展，以便提供促使建筑发展达到新高度的有效结构。这并

不是说富于想象力的结构设计就能够创造出伟大建筑。正相反，有许多例优美的建筑仅得到结构工程师适当的支持就被创造出来了，然而，如果没有天赋甚厚的建筑师的创造力的指导，那么，得以发展的就只能是好的结构，并非是伟大的建筑。无论如何，要想创造出高层建筑真正非凡的设计，两者都需要最好的。 虽然在文献中通常可以见到有关这七种体系的全面性讨论，但是在这里还值得进一步讨论。设计方法的本质贯穿于整个讨论。设计方法的本质贯穿于整个讨论中。 抗弯矩框架 抗弯矩框架也许是低，中高度的建筑中常用的体系，它具有线性水平构件和垂直构件在接头处基本刚接之特点。这种框架用作独立的体系，或者和其他体系结合起来使用，以便提供所需要水平荷载抵抗力。对于较高的高层建筑，可能会发现该本系不宜作为独立体系，这是因为在侧向力的作用下难以调动足够的刚度。 我们可以利用STRESS，STRUDL 或者其他大量合适的计算机程序进行结构分析。所谓的门架法分析或悬臂法分析在当今的技术中无一席之地，由于柱梁节点固有柔性，并且由于初步设计应该力求突出体系的弱点，所以在初析中使用框架的中心距尺寸设计是司空惯的。当然，在设计的后期阶段，实际地评价结点的变形很有必要。 支撑框架 支撑框架实际上刚度比抗弯矩框架强，在高层建筑中也得到更广泛的应用。这种体系以其结点处铰接或则接的线性水平构件、垂直构件和斜撑构件而具特色，它通常与其他体系共同用于较高的建筑，并且作为一种独立的体系用在低、中高度的建筑中。