语法专项突破9

第二部分语法专项突破(九)

真题改编，语法填空

1．(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.

答案：wouldn't本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：不管她怎样用力推，门就是打不开。would情态动词(表示尽管付出很大努力却没有发生)就(不)，偏(不)，如：He kicked, pushed, and hurled his shoulder at the door. It wouldn't open.他冲着门又踢又推，还用肩膀撞，但门就是打不开。故用wouldn't。

2．(2013·湖南改编)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

答案：couldn't考查情态动词。句意：当他急于想出办法时，尽管他想睡，却无法入睡，直到他想出办法为止。couldn't“不能”，符合题意。

3．(2013·安徽改编)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

答案：couldn't本题考查强调句和情态动词。句意：不可能是词汇导致了你练习中的问题，因为你知道很多的词。根据后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，couldn't“不可能”，符合题意。

4．(2013·重庆改编)—What are you doing this Saturday?

—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.

答案：might本题考查情态动词。句意：——“这星期六你干什么？”——“我不确定，但是我可能会去听滚石乐队。”might“或许，可能”，表示有一定的可能性。由前置语境I'm not sure可知，此处表示不确定，但是有可能，故选might。

5．(2013·江西改编)When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.

答案：could考查情态动词的用法。句意：我小孩子时，每当我想看电视，我就能看。could“能够”，符合题意。

6．(2013·北京改编)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.

—Well, I don't know.It ________ do.

答案：might本题考查情态动词。句意：——“你不必带伞。不会下雨的。”——“我不知道。也可能会下。”might“或许，可能，”表示有一定的可能性。由I don't know可知，此处不确定，有一定的可能性，用might。

7．(2013·天津改编)No one ________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.

答案：could本题考查情态动词。题意：没有人能更慷慨，他有一颗金子般的心。could“能够”，符合题意。

8．(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ改编)Since nobody gave him any help, he ________ have done the research on his own.

答案：must本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：因为没有人帮助他，他一定是自己独立完成的研究。must have done表示对过去事实的肯定推测，由题意可知用must。

9．(2013·四川改编)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

答案：can't本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。句意：你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨天晚上肯定没有睡好。can't have done在此表示“过去不可能发生某事”。

10．(2013·陕西改编)The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

答案：must have got本题考查情态动词。句意：孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了，否则按时间安排他们会在湖边野营了。根据下文可知此处是做了很有把握的肯定的推测，故用must；由would have been“可知是过去的事情，要表示对于过去的事情的推测要用“情态动词＋have done”的形式，故用must have got。

11．(2013·辽宁改编)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ______(drink) too much at the party last night.

答案：must have drunk考查情态动词的用法。句意：哈里感觉很不舒服。他一定是在昨晚的聚会上喝得太多了。此处是对过去行为的推测，must have done sth.是对过去的肯定推测，“过去一定做了……”

12．(2013·浙江改编)I ________have enjoyed myself more—it was a perfect day.

答案：couldn't本题考查情态动词＋have done。句意：我从未能玩得这么高兴过——完美的一天。couldn't have done“不可能干过”，此处又用not more构成肯定的含义，意为“没能比这更高兴过”。所以正确答案为couldn't。

13．(2013·陕西改编)My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.

答案：should考查情态动词。句意：我母亲建议周末改变一下外出吃饭。suggest表示“建议”时，所跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用should do构成，故用should。注意：suggest 表示“表明，暗示”时不用虚拟语气。

14．(2014·陕西·25改编)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?

答案：could句意：我的书《海兹的房屋》不见了。是谁拿走了呢？could have...表示推测，符合句意。

15．(2014·江西·30改编)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.

答案：might句意：生活是难以预料的，甚至最穷的人可能变成最富有的。might“可能，或许”，表示可能性。

16．(2014·湖南·25改编)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

—Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us?

答案：needn't句意：——“我为野炊准备了各种各样的食物。”——“你的意思是说我们不必带任何东西了吗？”从前者所说的话可知，食物已经准备好了，那么对方自然就没有必要再做准备，needn't“没有必要”，符合句意。

17．(2014·重庆·3改编)I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.

答案：needn't句意：我已经预定了披萨，所以，当我们疲倦地到家时就没必要担心做饭了。由句中表示因果关系的so可以确定needn't。

18．(2014·四川·6改编)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.

答案：would句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would在这里表示过去的一种习惯。

19．(2014·江苏·31改编)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.

答案：should句意：他们自己如此贫困竟然还给我带食品，这让我难过。结合句意可知，此处选should表示“竟然”。

20．(2014·北京·27改编)________ I have a word with you? It won't take long.

答案：can句意：我可以跟你说句话吗？不会占用太多时间。can“能够，可以”。结合句意可知，此处表示请求，故can符合题意。

21．(2014·福建·32改编)________there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

答案：were句意：如果没有现代的远程通信，要得到来自世界各地的消息我们要等好几周。本题考查省略if的虚拟语气。在非真实条件句中有had, were, should, 可将had, were, should提前形成部分倒装，条件句中的if省略。

22．(2014·安徽·30改编)People are recycling many things which they ________(throw) away in the past.

答案：would have thrown句意：人们正在回收许多在过去会被他们扔掉的东西。根据语境可知，此处是对过去的假设，应用“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去情况的虚拟。

23．(2014·天津·15改编)________he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

答案：Had句意：如果他赶上了早上的火车，他是不会开会迟到的。非真实条件从句省略if时，用部分倒装；从句与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时。

24．(2014·浙江·16改编)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________(come) to our help.

答案：would have come句意：在我们做调查的那几个月，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮我们了。由从句中的关键词or可知，此处是虚拟语气，同时根据前面的they

were abroad可知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟。根据语法规则可知，句中谓语动词用“should/would/could/might＋have done”结构。

25．(2014·北京·34改编)We ________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.

答案：would be句意：如果你没有丢失了地图，我们现在已经回到宾馆了。本句中条件从句是对现在发生的事情的一种假设，所以从句部分的谓语动词一般用过去时，再结合主句中的时间状语now可知，主句中应该用“would＋动词原形”结构。

福建省泉州市高考英语总复习 语法专项突破 第八节语法专练知能闯关

《优化方案》2013高考总复习英语（福建泉州北师大版专用）语法 专项突破第八节语法专练知能闯关 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2012·济宁模拟)There were several messages from people，most of ________ I didn’t know，on my answering machine when I got home. A．those B．which C．whom D．them 解析：选C。考查定语从句。分析句式结构可知，如果选择A、D两项，则构成独立的分句，缺少连接词；B项关系代词which只能指代物。C项whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作of的宾语。故C项正确。 2．(2012·滨州模拟)Yellow is an attention getter，________ is the reason why taxis are painted this colour. A．that B．what C．which D．as 解析：选C。考查定语从句。根据语境可知，黄色容易引起注意，那就是出租车被漆成黄色的原因。分析题干可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，排除选项A和B；which代指前面整个句子作定语从句主语。故选C项。 3．(2012·泰安质量检测)In the UK，what impressed me most was the Student Activity，________ I got lots of information outside. A．where B．that C．which D．when 解析：选A。考查定语从句。句意为：在英国，让我印象最深的是学生活动，从中我学到了很多课外知识。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the Student Activity，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导，相当于in which。故A项正确。 4．(2012·青岛统一质量检测)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 解析：选B。考查定语从句。由语境可知，地球不可能是唯一一个有生命存在的星球。where 在定语从句中作地点状语。故B项正确。 5．(2012·淄博模拟)—Tell me something about his match in Sydney. —Well，he got the championship，________ we had expected.He made it at last. A．as B．what C．why D．how 解析：选A。考查非限制性定语从句。由语境知，正如“我们”所预料的那样，他最终获得了冠军。as引导非限制性定语从句，代替he got the championship作从句宾语。故选A。6．The engineers made two big plans for the dam，________ was never put in force. A．one of them B．which C．one of which D．both of which 解析：选C。句意：工程师们为大坝制订了两大计划，其中一个从未实施。由逗号前后没有连接词可知，后面为非限制性定语从句，根据从句中的was及前面的two可知，此处指的是“其中的一个”，故选C。 7．The English song calls up the happy days ________ we spent together in our youth. A．which B．when C．on which D．what 解析：选A。句意：这首英文歌使我们想起了年轻时一起度过的快乐的日子。先行词days 虽然表示时间，但在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词that或which。 8．The beaver chews down tress to get food and material ________ to build its home.

语法专项突破九语法专练知能闯关

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．__________ made the little boy so sad is __________ his parents didn’t allow him to go out for a picnic with other boys. A．What；because B．What；that C．That；because D．That；what 解析：选B。句意：使这个小男孩如此伤心的是他的父母不允许他跟其他男孩出去野餐。第一空用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，只起连接作用。 2．—What did you do yesterday afternoon? —We discussed __________ Mary could join us. A．whether B．if C．that D．what 解析：选A。句意：“你们昨天下午干什么了？”“我们讨论了玛丽是否可以加入到我们中来。”discuss后的宾语从句只用whether不用if引导，意为“是否”，且不在从句中作成分。that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义；what常在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 3．The textbook is filled with cases about __________ our life has developed thanks to new inventions. A．what B．where C．why D．how 解析：选D。句意：课本中有很多关于我们的生活是如何因为新发明而得到改善的例子。根据句意宾语从句缺少表示方式的状语，故用how引导。what不作状语；where表示地点；why表示原因。 4．Desertification，the name for __________ happens when farm land is turned into desert，is a growing world problem. A．which B．where C．what D．how 解析：选C。句意：沙漠化，即可耕种土地变成沙漠，已经发展成世界问题了。所选项引导介词for的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what。which强调范围；where常在名词性从句中作地点状语；how在名词性从句中作方式状语。 5．__________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A．If B．Whether C．That D．When 解析：选B。句意：明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。所选项表示“是否”之意，且从句中不缺少成分，故用whether。引导主语从句位于句首时，用whether不用if；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义；when常在名词性从句中作时间状语，此处与tomorrow 相矛盾。 6．(2012·临沂质量检测)The warning we were given as children __________ eating fast will make you fat may，in fact，have a scientific explanation. A．that B．who C．where D．which 解析：选A。考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，we were given as children为定语从句限定主语the warning，其谓语动词为have，从句部分不缺成分，对the warning起到补充说明的作用，为同位语从句。故选A。 7．(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)—It is so dark tonight，Mum. —Y es，this is just __________ we can enjoy brilliant stars in the sky. A．when B．where

语法专项突破

语法专项突破 冠词主要放在名词之前，说明所表示的人或物，不能单独作句子成分，冠词分为不定冠词（a ，an ）和定冠词（the ）两种。 考点1 不定冠词的用法 1．下列情况用不定冠词 用法 示例 （1）用于单数名词前表示泛指某一类人或事物。 Kobe is a basketball player. 科比是一名篮球选手。 （2）表示初次提到某人或某物。 I have a sister. 我有一个妹妹。 （3）表示“一个”，和one 的意思相近，但one 更强调数量。 Bob will come back in a week. 鲍勃一周后会回来。 （4）表示“每一”，和every 的意思相近。 It is said that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 据说一天吃一个苹果，身体健康不求医。[来源：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e116792646.html,] （5）用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”，和another 的意思相近。 Would you like a second cup of tea? 你想再要一杯茶吗？ （6）用于一些固定词组或短语中。 a little 一点儿 have a look 看一看 2.不定冠词a 与an 的不同用法 词条 用法 示例 a a 用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。 a “u”一个字母“u” a boy 一个男孩 an an 用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。 an “m”一个字母“m” an apple 一个苹果 特殊情况 （1）某些单词以不发音的辅音字母开头，但第一个音素是元音音素，这时要用an 。 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an hour 一个小时 （2）某些单词以元音字母开头，但第一个音素是辅音音素，这时要用a 。 a useful book 一本有用的书 考点2 定冠词的用法 用法 示例 （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。 The man on the bike is a doctor. 骑自行车的那个人是一位医生。 （2）指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Look at the blackboard ，please. 请看黑板。 （3）前面已提到的人或物，在第二次提到时要用the 来表示特指。 Yesterday an 8-year-old boy fell into the river.The boy was saved by a policeman. 昨天一个八岁的男孩掉进了河里。这个男孩被一位警察救了。 （4）用于序数词、形容词的最高级及only ，very ，same 等词修饰的名词前。 He is the first one to leave the classroom. 他是第一个离开教室的。 He is the only one I know in the city. 在这个城市他是我唯一理解的人。 （5）用于乐器类的名词前。 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the guitar 弹吉他

2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第七讲 名词性从句

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