Unit 8 介绍性口译

Unit 8 Interpreting Informative Speech 介绍性口译

8--1 丝绸之路The Silk Road

Vocabulary

1、追溯date back

2、朝廷使者official & envoy of the royal court

3、西域Xiyu(western countries)

4、河西走廊the Hexi ‘Corridor

5、塔里木盆地The Tarim Basin

6、帕米尔山区the Pamir mountain region

7、阿富汗Af’ghanistan ‘A fghan 阿富汗的, 阿富汗人的

8、伊朗Iran Iranian: 伊朗的，伊朗人/

9、伊拉克Iraq Iraqi 伊拉克的，伊拉克人的

10、叙利亚Syria

11、地中海the Mediterranean Sea

12、丝绸织物silk cloth & goods

13、火药gunpowder

14、造纸术paper making technique

15、印刷术printing technique

16、佛教Buddhism

17、石榴pomegranate

18、散居scatter

19、少数民族ethnic minorities

20、天方夜谭Arabian nights 一千零一夜的故事

21、吐鲁番Tur’pan

22、领略自然景观的魅力take pleasure in the charms of the natural landscape

23、欣赏古代艺术家高超的工艺appreciate the superior workmanship of ancient artists

24、品尝地方风味小吃enjoy local delicacies/snack food

典型句型1

丝绸之路的历史可以追溯到公元前2世纪，当时一名中国官员、朝廷的使者张骞沿着这条连接亚欧两大洲的贸易通道出使西域。

The Silk Road dates back to the second century BC. When a Chinese official and envoy of the royal court Zhang Qian embarked on his business trip to Xiyu following this trade thoroughfare(通路，大道，要道，a main road or public highway) linking Asia and Europe.

典型句型2

丝绸之路沿途的大批历史文物、引人入胜的自然风景以及富有情趣的地方文化，使这一长途远游成了世界了最精彩的旅游节项目之一。

A wealth of historical relics, fascinating scenery and interesting local cultures along the Silk Road makes this long trip one of the world’s most exciting tourist attractions.

典型句型3

沿线您可以领略自然景观的魅力，欣赏古代艺术家高超的工艺，品尝地方风味小吃，结识当

地居民。这次游览一定会给您留下可与家人和朋友共享的美好回忆。

All along the route, you will take pleasure in the charms of the natural landscape, appreciate the superior workmanship of ancient artists, enjoy local delicacies and meet local people. The trip will certainly leave you sweet memories that you will share with your family and friends.

8—2 Traditional Holidays 传统节日

介绍西方的一些主要节日

1月1日新年New Year’s Day

2月14日情人节Valentine’s Day

4月1日愚人节April Fool’s Day

4月12日复活节Easter(进入春天的第一个周日)

5月的第二个周日母亲节Mother’s Day

6月的第三个周日父亲节Father’s Day

7月4日独立日Independence Day

10月31日万圣节Halloween/All Saint’s Day

11月的第四个周四感恩节Thanksgiving Day

12月25日圣诞节Christmas

Vocabulary

1、烹调cooking/cuisine

2、象征意义symbolic significance

3、昏君 a fatuous emperor

4、农历the lunar calendar

阳历the solar calendar

5、贬官放逐in exile from a corrupt court

exile: ①流放enforced removal from one’s native country

②流亡期间the period of time of living away from one’s n ative country

③离乡者one who lives away from one’s native country

6、端午节Dragon-boat Festival

7、忠臣loyal minister

8、糯米粽子glutinous rice dumplings (zongzi)

9、祭祀亡灵to sacrifice the departed soul

10、蜜饯candied preserved fruits

11、豆沙bean paste

12、蛋黄egg yolk 蛋白egg white

13、谐音homonymous 同音异义的

14、吉祥如意 a propitious and happy new year

propitious: 吉利的favorable/auspicious

15、贴对联to put up an antithetical couplet

antithetical: 对偶的，对照的

典型句型1

同世界其它地区一样，节日在中国是人们勤于烹调、饱享口福的时候。

Like in the rest of the world, holidays in China are a time for serious cooking and delighted eating.

典型句型2

例如农历五月初五的端午节，人们过端午节是为了纪念被昏庸君主贬官放逐而抱石投江自尽的古代诗人和忠臣屈原。

The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan, an ancient poet and loyal minister who drowned himself while in exile from a corrupt court.

典型句型3

农历八月十五日的中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，进而象征着家庭团聚。The Mid-autumn Festival which occurs on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and by extension, family reunion.

典型句型4

年糕这个词里的“糕”字与“高”谐音，寓意来年“节节高”。香甜的汤圆则是合家团圆的象征。The character gao in the word niangao is ho’monymous with the word high, suggesting “growing up and prospering” in th e new year, and the round sweet dumpling is a symbol of family reunion.

练习

“枣”与“早”谐音，在中国传统婚礼上常有红枣出现，寓意“早生贵子”。

The character “zao” is homonymous with the word “early” or “soon”. Therefore, the fruit dates are always prepared in the traditional Chinese weddi ng ceremony, indicating “bearing a child early/soon”.

Vocabulary Development

食谱recipe [‘recipi]

餐前开胃点心appetizer

正/主菜main course/entree

餐后甜食dessert

小吃snack

羊肉串sliced mutton barbecue

北京烤鸭roast Beijing duck

糯米饭glutinous rice

粥、稀饭‘congee/porridge

冷面cold noodles

咖喱牛肉面noodle soup with sliced curry beef

春卷spring roll/egg roll

油条fried twisted stick

锅贴pan-fried dumpling

花卷steamed twisted roll

馒头steamed bread

小笼包子steamed meat dumpling

南瓜派pumpkin pie

香草冰淇淋vanilla ice-cream

什锦水果圣代mixed fruit sundae

烹调术cookery

煸、炒stir-frying

爆quick-frying

炸deep-frying

煎pan-frying

清炒plain-frying

炖/蒸braising

红烧braising with soy sauce

西餐的用餐程序

appetizer

soup

main course(fish or meat)

salad or cheese

dessert or fruit

coffee or tea

练习

在世界上的许多国家，12月25日的庆祝活动是一年中的一个亮点。从11月开始，人们不可能忘记圣诞节就要来临。

In many countries of the world, the celebration on December 25th is a high point of the year. From November onwards, it is impossible to forget that Christmas is coming. //

彩灯装饰着很多城镇的中心和商店，还有亮晶晶的装饰物，以及人造雪花喷在商店橱窗上。购物中心越来越繁忙，因为12月就要到了，他们常常营业到很晚。

Colored lights celebrate many town centers and shops, along with shiny decorations, and artificial snow painted on shop windows. Shopping centers become busier as December approaches and often stay open till late. //

购物中心的喇叭里会播放传统的圣诞歌曲，成群结队的人们常常会在大街上高唱圣歌，为慈善机构筹款。在很多国家，大多数人会给朋友和家人寄圣诞贺卡。

Shopping center speakers systems will play the traditional Christmas songs, and groups of people will often sing Carols on the streets to raise money for Charity. In many countries, most people post Christmas greeting cards to their friends and family. //

在商店里或孩子们的聚会上，有人会装扮成圣诞老人分发小礼物给孩子们，或者文他们要什么样的圣诞礼物。圣诞节对孩子们来说，是一个神奇而兴奋的日子。

In shops or at chil dren’s parties, someone will dress up as Father Christmas and give small presents to children, or ask them what gifts they want for Christmas. Christmas can be a time of magic and excitement for children.//

万圣节的传统食品是barnbrack，它是一种水果蛋糕，即可以在商店买到也可以在家里烘制。The traditional food eaten on Halloween is barnbrack, a kind of fruitcake that can be bought in stores or baked at home. //

在美国现代万圣节的庆祝活动中，刻南瓜是广受欢迎的一个活动。十月来临，南瓜在美国随处可见，无论是在门前的台阶上，还是在餐桌上。

Pumpkin carving is a popular part of modern America’s Halloween celebr ation. Come October, pumpkins can be found everywhere in the country from doorsteps to dinner tables. //

尽管每到秋天，美国的刻南瓜活动是非常普遍，但是很少会有美国人知道为什么会有“杰克灯”的传统，以及这个传统是何时开始的。

Despite the widespread carving that goes on in this country every autumn, few Americans really know why or when the Jack-o’-lantern tradition began. //

爱尔兰人最初是用萝卜做“杰克灯”的。但是当爱尔兰移民来到美国后，他们发现南瓜可比罗卜多多了。因此，美国的“杰克灯”是一只掏空了的南瓜，里面点着余火。

The Irish used turnips as their “Jack’s lantern” originally. But when the immigrants came to America, they found that pumpkins were far more plentiful than turnips. So the Jack-o’-lantern in America was a hollowed-out pumpkin, lit with an ember. //

对于中国人来说，农历新年无疑是全年最重要的喜庆节日。它代表着旧的一年平安过去了，人们准备迎接新的一年。//

To the Chinese, the Lunar New Year is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year. It celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and indicates the welcome of a new year.//

人们通常如何庆祝新年？首先，多代同堂的家庭成员，齐聚家中享受一顿丰盛的团圆饭。除夕夜的团圆饭是整个年头里最具意义的一餐。//

How do we celebrate the New Year? First, the elaborate multi-generation reunion dinner eaten leisurely and luxuriously at home is the norm. The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is the most significant meal of the year.//

团圆饭显示了家庭的重要地位。其次，亲戚朋友之间也会兴高采烈互访。这样的欢庆方式，有助于加强亲情和友情。//

It underscores the supreme importance of the family(in Chinese culture). Visiting relatives and close friends is another time-honored custom that is undertaken cheerfully, and re’ciprocated(互给互换) enthusiatically too, as a thoughtful way of affirming the ties of kinship and friendship.//

新年价值观，是对家庭和亲属关系的重视，包括对父母和长者的尊敬。没有了这些观念，新年将沦为一个毫无意义的商业化节日。//

What would be retained in our New Year celebration is the family and kinship ties and attendant values like respect for one’s parents and elders. Without these, the New Year celebration will become a soulless commercial happening and devoid of meaning.//

8--3 The Purpose of Education 教育之本

Vocabulary

1、简称------ for short/abbreviation/be short for

2、综合大学 a comprehensive university

3、弘扬传统文化carry forward traditional culture

4、文/理学院faculty of Arts/Science

5、在-----卓然而立be distinguished from ------

6、主/副修课程major program/minor program

7、课程设计灵活offer programs with flexible structure

8、学分制credit unit system

9、学习自己主权free choice by students in designing their own learning

10、多元教育multi-faceted education

11、博文约礼broadening one’s intellectual horizon and keeping within the bounds of propriety 广求学问，恪守礼法

proprieties：the usages and customs of polite society.

礼节：文明社会的习俗和习惯

12、出自《论语》be taken from the Analects of Confucius

Analect: 文选，选集孟子：Mencius

13、陶冶性灵cultivate the spirit

14、潜移默化change and influence -----unobtrusively and imperceptibly unobtrusive: 不唐突的imperceptible: 觉察不到的，感觉不到的

15、学而后识礼moral propriety follows naturally intellectual development

典型句型1

中大是一所研究型综合大学，以结合“传统与时代，融会中国与西方”为创校使命。CUHK is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a world vision and a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the West.

典型句型2

40多年来，我们一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语教育，并推选独特的书院制度，在香港高等教育界卓然而立。

For more than 40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue of our rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college system. Instruction is conducted in both Chinese and English.

典型句型3

中大实行灵活的学分制，学生可在3年内修满99个学分毕业。学分制不仅有助于又专又博的人才，而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。

The flexible credit unit system, requiring the completion of 99 units in 3 years, allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice by students in designing their own learning. The multi-faceted education at CUHK helps to bring out the

best in every student.

典型句型4

中大的校训“博文约礼”出自《论语》，讲求智育与德育并重。我们既强调知识的创造与传承，又注重学生的全面发展，学校致力于培养怀抱理想、目光远大、品德高尚的年轻人。

The CUHK motto “Broadening one’s i ntellectual horizon and keeping within the bounds of propriety”, which is taken from the Analects of Confucius, gives equal stress to the intellectual and moral aspects of education. At CUHK, we emphasize not only creation and knowledge but also the development of the whole person, both socially and spiritually. We aim to nurture young people with vision, moral character and a global mindset.

练习

松江大学城作为本市最大的大学社区，于昨日正式启用，迎接来自上海外国语大学，上海外贸学院及立信会计学院三所高校的5500名新生。//

Songjiang College Town, which is the largest college community in Shanghai, was officially opened yesterday. It welcomed 5,500 new students from three institutions of higher learning, namely, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai Foreign Trade Institute and Lixin Accounting College.

该大学城占地306公顷，其中240公顷用于教室等各类教学设施，其他用于寝室，食堂和商店。整座大学城的建成耗资25亿人民币。//

The College Town covers an area of 306 hectares, among which 240 hectares are used for various kinds of teaching facilities and classrooms and the rest are for dormitories, canteens and shops. The total cost of building the whole college town will be 2.5 billion yuan.

松江大学城的建立，旨在使大学生得到全面，健康的发展，即每个学生都得在德，智，体各个方面有所提高。//

The founding of Songjiang College Town is to enable the college students to have an all-round and healthy development. That is to say, every student is given the chance to improve himself morally, intellectually and physically.

成立于1905年的复旦大学是我国的一所重点大学，是一所包含人文，理科，技术，医学，社科的综合性研究性大学。//

Founded in 1905, Fudan University is a comprehensive, research-oriented key university comprising the humanities, science, technology, medicine and social sciences.

该校拥有一支高水平的师资队伍。在众多学科中，既有享誉四海，造诣弥深的老学者，又有一批优秀的中青年学科带头人。//

It boasts a high-level faculty. Various branches of learning witness both the world’s most respectable and highly accomplished senior scholars and distinguished young and middle-aged academic leaders.

在2400余位的教师队伍中，有教授，副教授1600余位，其中博士生导师近500人，中国科学院，中国工程学院院士20余人。//

Among around 2400 faculty members, there are over 1600 full and associate professors, and nearly 500 Ph D advisers. 20 people are members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

8--4 A Super-Publisher 出版王者

Vocabulary

1、最权威的出版机构the most authoritative publishing institution

2、前身‘pre(i)decessor

3、新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration

4、排版composition/type-setting

5、旅游指南tour guidebooks

6、古典文学classical literature

7、专业教科书academic textbooks

8、增长新亮点the new growth point of

9、敏锐的视野discriminating vision discriminating: 有识别力的

10、专业水准professional expertise

11、超人的胆略overwhelming courage

典型句型1

欢迎各位来访中国国际出版集团的总部大楼。

Welcome to the head office of the China International Publishing Group.

典型句型2

中国际出版集团是中国最大、最权威的外语出版、印刷和发行单位，其前身是与中华人民共和国同时诞生的中央人民政府新闻出版署国际新闻局。

The China International Publishing Group is the largest and most authoritative foreign language publishing, printing and distribution establishment in China. Its predecessor was the International Press Bureau of the Central People’s Government Press and Publication Administrati on, set up at the same time as the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

典型句型3

我们的制版与印刷设备堪称一流，可以用50种不同的语种进行印刷。

Our first-class plate-making and printing equipment enables us to print texts in 50 different languages.

Vocabulary Development

校对工作proof-reading

校对（者）proof-reader

印刷机printing machine

排字工人type-setter, compositor

对开本folio

四开本quarto

参考书reference book

小册子, 小书booklet, pamphlet

期刊periodical

日报daily

周刊weekly

半月刊fortnightly

月刊monthly

双月刊bimonthly

季刊quarterly

年刊annual

画报pictorial magazine

纪念刊memorial volume

选集selected works, selections 全集complete works

科学文献scientific literature

索引index

原版（书）original edition

新版new edition

修订版revised edition

重印, 翻印reprint

廉价本cheap edition, paperback 百科全书encyclopedia

教科书textbook

读本reader

畅销书best seller