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【国际经济学专题考试试卷十四】Firms in Competitive Markets

【国际经济学专题考试试卷十四】Firms in Competitive Markets
【国际经济学专题考试试卷十四】Firms in Competitive Markets

Chapter 14

Firms in Competitive Markets

TRUE/FALSE

1. For a firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry, total revenue, marginal revenue, and average revenue

are all equal.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Average revenue | Marginal revenue

MSC: Interpretive

2. For a firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry, marginal revenue and average revenue are equal. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Average revenue | Marginal revenue

MSC: Interpretive

3. If a firm notices that its average revenue equals the current market price, that firm must be participating in a

competitive market.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Average revenue

MSC: Interpretive

4. A profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market will increase production when average revenue exceeds

marginal cost.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Average revenue

MSC: Interpretive

5. Because there are many buyers and sellers in a perfectly competitive market, no one seller can influence the

market price.

ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Definitional

6. Firms operating in perfectly competitive markets try to maximize profits.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Applicative

7. In competitive markets, firms that raise their prices are typically rewarded with larger profits.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

8. When an individual firm in a competitive market increases its production, it is likely that the market price will

fall.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

9. In a competitive market, firms are unable to differentiate their product from that of other producers.

ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

10. Firms in a competitive market are said to be price takers because there are many sellers in the market and the

goods offered by the firms are very similar if not identical.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

929

930 Chapter 14/Firms in Competitive Markets

11. A firm's incentive to compare marginal revenue and marginal cost is an application of the principle that

rational people think at the margin.

ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

12. By comparing the marginal revenue and marginal cost from each unit produced, a firm in a competitive

market can determine the profit-maximizing level of production.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

13. Firms operating in perfectly competitive markets produce an output level where marginal revenue equals

marginal cost.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Marginal revenue

MSC: Applicative

14. A firm is currently producing 100 units of output per day. The manager reports to the owner that producing

the 100th unit costs the firm $5. The firm can sell the 100th unit for $4.75. The firm should continue to produce 100 units in order to maximize its profits (or minimize its losses).

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Analytical

15. A firm is currently producing 100 units of output per day. The manager reports to the owner that producing

the 100th unit costs the firm $5. The firm can sell the 100th unit for $5. The firm should continue to

produce 100 units in order to maximize its profits (or minimize its losses).

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Analytical

16. A firm is currently producing 100 units of output per day. The manager reports to the owner that producing

the 100th unit costs the firm $5. The firm can sell the unit for $6. The firm should produce more than 100 units in order to maximize its profits (or minimize its losses).

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Analytical

17. A dairy farmer must be able to calculate sunk costs in order to determine how much revenue the farm receives

for the typical gallon of milk.

ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Sunk costs MSC: Interpretive

18. Because nothing can be done about sunk costs, they are irrelevant to decisions about business strategy. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Sunk costs MSC: Interpretive

19. A miniature golf course is a good example of where fixed costs become relevant to the decision of when to

open and when to close for the season.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Sunk costs MSC: Interpretive

20. A popular resort restaurant will maximize profits if it chooses to stay open during the less-crowded “off

seas on” when its total revenues exceed its variable costs.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Sunk costs MSC: Interpretive

Chapter 14/Firms in Competitive Markets 931 21. All firms maximize profits by producing an output level where marginal revenue equals marginal cost; for

firms operating in perfectly competitive industries, maximizing profits also means producing an output level where price equals marginal cost.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

22. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry will continue to operate in the short run but earn losses if

the market price is less than that firm’s average total cost but greater than the firm’s average variable cost. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

23. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry will continue to operate in the short run but earn losses if

the market price is less than that firm’s average variable co st.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

24. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry will shut down in the short run but earn losses if the

market price is less than that firm’s average variable cost.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

25. In the short run, a firm should exit the industry if its marginal cost exceeds its marginal revenue.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

26. In making a short-run profit-maximizing production decision, the firm must consider both fixed and variable

cost.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

27. A firm will shut down in the short run if revenue is not sufficient to cover its variable costs of production. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Shut down MSC: Interpretive

28. Suppose a firm is considering producing zero units of output. We call this shutting down in the short run and

exiting an industry in the long run.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Shut down MSC: Interpretive

29. Suppose a firm is considering producing zero units of output. We call this exiting an industry in the short run

and shutting down in the long run.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Shut down MSC: Interpretive

30. A firm will shut down in the short run if revenue is not sufficient to cover all of its fixed costs of production. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Shut down MSC: Interpretive

31. The supply curve of a firm in a competitive market is the average variable cost curve above the minimum of

marginal cost.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

932 Chapter 14/Firms in Competitive Markets

32. When a profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market experiences rising prices, it will respond with an

increase in production.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

33. The marginal firm in a competitive market will earn zero economic profit in the long run.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Economic profit

MSC: Interpretive

34. A profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market will earn zero accounting profits in the long run.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Accounting profit

MSC: Interpretive

35. In the long run, when price is less than average total cost for all possible levels of production, a firm in a

competitive market will choose to exit (or not enter) the market.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

36. In the long run, when price is greater than average total cost, some firms in a competitive market will choose

to enter the market.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

37. In the long run, a firm should exit the industry if its total costs exceed its total revenues.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Profit maximization

MSC: Interpretive

38. When a resource used in the production of a good sold in a competitive market is available in only limited

quantities, the long-run supply curve is likely to be upward sloping.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

39. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry will continue to operate if it earns zero economic profits

because it is likely to be earning positive accounting profits.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

40. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry will shut down in the short run if its economic profits fall

to zero because it is likely to be earning negative accounting profits.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Competitive markets

MSC: Interpretive

41. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive market may earn positive, negative, or zero economic profit in the

long run.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Long-run supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

Chapter 14/Firms in Competitive Markets 933 42. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive market may earn positive, negative, or zero economic profit in the

short run.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Long-run supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

43. A firm operating in a perfectly competitive market earns zero economic profit in the long run but remains in

business because the firm’s revenues cover the business owners’ opportunity costs.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

44. A competitive market will typically experience entry and exit until accounting profits are zero.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

45. The long-run equilibrium in a competitive market characterized by firms with identical costs is generally

characterized by firms operating at efficient scale.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

46. In the long run, a competitive market with 1,000 identical firms will experience an equilibrium price equal to

the minimum of each firm's average total cost.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

47. In a long-run equilibrium where firms have identical costs, it is possible that some firms in a competitive

market are making a positive economic profit.

ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

48. When economic profits are zero in equilibrium, the firm's revenue must be sufficient to cover all opportunity

costs.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Zero-profit condition

MSC: Interpretive

49. The short-run supply curve in a competitive market must be more elastic than the long-run supply curve. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

50. The long-run supply curve in a competitive market is more elastic than the short-run supply curve.

ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 14-3 NAT: Analytic

LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Supply curve

MSC: Interpretive

934 Chapter 14/Firms in Competitive Markets

SHORT ANSWER

1. Describe the difference between average revenue and marginal revenue. Why are both of these revenue

measures important to a profit-maximizing firm?

ANS:

Average revenue is total revenue divided by the quantity of output. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue from the sale of each additional unit of output. Marginal revenue is used to determine the profit-maximizing level of production, and average revenue is used to help determine the level of profits. Note that for all firms, price equals average revenue because AR=(PxQ)/Q=P. But only for a firm operating in a perfectly competitive industry does price also equal marginal revenue.

DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Perfect competition

TOP: Price MSC: Definitional

2. List and describe the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market.

ANS:

There are many buyers and sellers in the market. The goods offered by the various sellers are largely the same. Firms can freely enter or exit the market.

DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Perfect competition

TOP: Competitive markets MSC: Definitional

3. Why would a firm in a perfectly competitive market always choose to set its price equal to the current market

price? If a firm set its price below the current market price, what effect would this have on the market? ANS:

The firm could not sell any more of its product at a lower price than it could sell at the market price. As a result, it would needlessly forgo revenue if it set a price below the market price. If the firm set a higher price, it would not sell anything at all because a competitive market has many sellers who would supply the product at the market price. DIF: 2 REF: 14-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Perfect competition

TOP: Profit maximization MSC: Analytical

4. Use a graph to demonstrate the circumstances that would prevail in a competitive market where firms are

earning economic profits. Can this scenario be maintained in the long run? Explain your answer.

ANS:

In a competitive market where firms are earning economic profits, new firms will have an incentive to enter the market. This entry will expand the number of firms, increase the quantity of the good supplied, and drive down prices and profits. Entry will cease once firms are producing the output level where price equals the minimum of the average total cost curve, meaning that each firm earns zero economic profits in the long run.

DIF: 2 REF: 14-2 NAT: Analytic LOC: Perfect competition

TOP: Profit maximization MSC: Analytical

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国际经济学试题期末考试

1、一价定律 2、购买力平价 3、国际收支 4、产品生命周期 5、绝对优势原理

考试试卷 考试课程:国际经济学行政班: 学生姓名: 二、判断题(正确的标“T”,错误的标“F”,并将答案填入对应的方格中。共 1、当用直接标价法表示外汇汇价时,数值越大,意味着本币价值越高。() 2、要素价格均等化会使两国生产同一产品的要素密集度均等化。() 3、重商主义者认为每个国家应该努力实现出口等于进口的平衡贸易。() 4、斯密的绝对优势理论指出在贸易中两个国家均能通过出口其比另一国劳动生产率更高的产品获益。() 5、无差异曲线表示能够给单个消费者或者国家提供相同价值或满意感的商品的不同组合(如小麦和汽车)。() 6、产品生命周期理论认为,若任何国家首先成功推广了一种新产品,则这种新产品将在该国经历整个生命周期。() 7、关税的保护效应是指国内生产商获得的利润增加额。() 8、政府出口补贴提高了出口数量,但同时也降低了出口价格,增加了国内税收负担。() 9、最惠国条款给予某些国家同盟国才能享受到的最优关税待遇。() 10、美国向别国进口小麦应该记入美国国际收支的资本账户。() 三、简答题(共5题,每题8分,共40分) 1、简述进口配额和等效的进口关税存在的差别。

考试试卷 考试课程:国际经济学行政班: 学生姓名: 2、简述要素禀赋论和比较优势说的主要内容,并说明二者的主要区别。 3、简述区域经济一体化的静态效应。 4、作图说明大国征收进口关税的经济效应。

考试试卷 考试课程:国际经济学行政班: 学生姓名: 5、简述国际收支失衡的主要原因。 四、计算题(1题,共10分) 假定对成品车征收40%的从价税,无关税时进口零部件成本为成品车价格的30%,请计算对进口零部件分别征收40%、20%、60%的从价税时的有效关税保护率,并对结果进行说明。 五、论述题(1题,共20分) 当前,国际间新贸易保护主义抬头,各种各样的非关税壁垒成为了各国进行贸易保护的主要手段。请简述非关税壁垒的定义及其主要种类,并针对我国现实情况,以一种壁垒为例,说明我国应当如何应对发达国家的非关税壁垒。

国际经济学练习题

绪论 一、单项选择题 1.国际经济学产生与发展的客观基础是() A.国际经济活动范围不断扩大B.国际经济关系日益复杂 C.跨越国界的经济活动不断增长D.国与国之间经济联系密切 2.国际经济学的研究对象() A.国际经济活动B.国际经济关系 C.世界范围内的资源配置D.国际经济活动与国际经济关系 3.国际经济学产生的时间() A.20世纪60年代 B.20世纪50年代 C.20世纪40年代 D.20世纪70年代 二、判断改错题 1.国际经济学产生与发展的理论基础是国际贸易理论。() 2.国际经济学是西方经济学的重要组成部分。() 3.国际经济学的微观部分主要讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。() 4.国际金融理论与政策是站在单个国家角度来研究金融问题的。() 绪论 一、单项选择题 1.C 2.D 3.A 二、判断改错题 1.×。将“国际贸易理论”改为“国际贸易理论与国际金融理论”。 2.×。国际经济学是从西方经济学中独立出来的一门系统科学。 3.√。 4.×。国际金融理论与政策是独立于个别国家之外来研究所有国家参与国际金融市场的问题。 第二章古典国际贸易理论 一、单项选择题 1.主张对外贸易顺差,并将金银视为财富的唯一形式的理论是()A.比较优势理论B.贸易差额理论C.要素禀赋理论D.相互需求理论2.贸易差额论的政策主张中对发展中国家制定贸易政策有借鉴意义的是()A.发展本国工业B.发展本国航运业C.追求贸易顺差 D.对外贸易垄断3.最早对重商主义提出质疑的英国学者是() A.约翰·穆勒 B.亚当·斯密C.大卫·李嘉图D.大卫·休谟

4.甲国使用同样数量资源比乙国能生产更多的X,则乙国在X生产上具有()A.绝对优势B.比较劣势C.绝对劣势D.比较优势 5.甲国生产单位布和小麦分别需要6天和9天,乙国为10天和12天,根据比较优势理论() A.乙国进口小麦B.甲国出口布C.乙国出口布D.甲国出口小麦6.比较优势理论的提出者是() A.约翰·穆勒B.大卫·李嘉图C.亚当·斯密 D.李斯特 7.被称为西方国际贸易理论基石的是() A.贸易差额理论B.绝对优势理论C.比较优势理论 D.相互需求理论8.比较优势理论认为国际贸易产生的主要原因是() A.劳动生产率的相对差异B.技术水平差异 C.需求强度差异D.商品价格差异9.律师打字速度是打字员的两倍却雇佣打字员打字,以下表述错误的是()A.律师在打字上具有绝对优势B.律师在律师咨询上具有比较优势 C.打字员在打字上具有比较优势D.打字员在打字上具有绝对优势 10.按照比较优势理论,大量贸易应发生在() A.发达国家之间 B.发展中国家之间 C.发达国家与发展中国家之间D.需求相似国家之间 二、判断改错题 1.贸易差额论虽然产生时间很早,但并不是严格意义上的国际贸易理论。()2.贸易差额理论的奖出限入政策是针对所有产品而言的。() 3.贸易差额理论是第一个自由贸易理论。() 4.绝对优势理论分析的是国际贸易实践中的一个特例。() 5.具有绝对优势的产品不一定具有比较优势。() 6.根据绝对优势理论,一国两种产品都处于绝对劣势时仍可以参与互利贸易。()7.比较优势理论认为从理论上说所有国家都可以参与互利贸易。() 8.根据比较优势理论,只有当一国生产率达到足够高时,它才能从自由贸易中获益。 () 9.如果贸易发生在一个大国和一个小国之间,贸易后国际市场价格更接近于小国封闭条件下的国内市场价格。() 三、名词解释 1.绝对优势2.比较优势 四、简答题 1.简述绝对优势理论主要内容。 2.简述比较优势理论主要内容。

【国际经济学专题考试试卷十九】Earnings and Discrimination

Chapter 19 Earnings and Discrimination TRUE/FALSE 1. A compensating differential refers to a difference in wages that arises from nonmonetary characteristics. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Compensating differentials MSC: Definitional 2. A compensating differential is a difference in wages due to higher levels of education or other forms of human capital. ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Compensating differentials MSC: Definitional 3. The fact that doctors are paid more than economics professors is an example of a compensating differential. ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Compensating differentials MSC: Definitional 4. A computer is an example of productivity-enhancing human capital. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Human capital MSC: Definitional 5. Higher levels of human capital are correlated with higher earnings because firms are willing to pay more for better-educated workers who have higher marginal productivities. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Human capital MSC: Interpretive 6. As a result of an increase in the earnings gap between skilled and unskilled jobs, the incentive to get a college education has been declining. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Increasing value of skills MSC: Interpretive 7. The rising gap in wages between unskilled and skilled workers is most likely related to a larger increase in demand for unskilled occupations relative to skilled occupations. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Increasing value of skills MSC: Interpretive 8. One hypothesis to explain the rising gap in wages between unskilled and skilled workers in the United States is that international trade has altered the relative demands for skilled and unskilled workers. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Increasing value of skills MSC: Interpretive 9. The statement that "the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer" is supported by evidence of an expanding wage gap between high-skill and low-skill workers. ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Increasing value of skills MSC: Interpretive 10. Some economists suggest that international trade has led to an expanding wage gap between high-skill and low-skill workers in the United States. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 19-1 NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Increasing value of skills MSC: Interpretive 1287

国际经济学试题20答案

考试试卷答案及评分标准 开课单位:经济学院考试课程:国际经济学考试学年、学期:命题教师:王焱霞 试卷类型:闭卷 专业: 试卷编号: 一、名词解释题(本大题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分) 1,国际收支:指一国在一定时期内全部的对外往来的系统的货币记录。 2,套汇:利用同一时刻不同外汇市场上的汇率差异,通过买进和卖出外汇而赚取利润的行为。直接套汇和间接套汇:直接套汇,又称双边或两角套汇,指利用两个外汇市场上某种货币的汇率差异,同时在两个外汇市场上一边买进一边卖出这种货币。间接套汇,也称三角套汇,是利用三个不同地点的外汇市场上的汇率差异,同时在三地市场上贵卖贱买从中赚取汇率差价的行为。套汇机会的判断:将三个或更多个市场上的汇率转换用同一种标价法表示,并将被表示货币的单位都统一为1,然后将得到的各个汇率值相乘。如果乘积为1,说明没有套汇机会,如果乘积不为1,则存在套汇机会。 3,技术性贸易壁垒(Technical Barriers to Trade):进口国对各类进口商品颁布复杂苛刻的技术标准、卫生检疫规定、商品包装和商品标签规定,造成进口障碍,限制商品进口。进口国为维护国内消费者安全和健康,对进口商品规定技术、卫生和包装标准应该说是必要的,但这些规定十分复杂,标准过于严格,而且经常变化,使外国产品难以适应,达到限制进口的作用。它的实施具有极端的隐蔽性,效果非常明显。 4,产业内贸易(Intra-industry Trade):同一产业内的产品(同类产品)在两国间相互进口和出口的贸易活动。即产业内部同类产品之间的贸易活动。 5,贸易条件(Terms of Trade):一定时期内一国出口商品价格与进口商品价格之间的对比关系。或者说是指国际商品交换比例。 计算方法: T = ( PX / PM ) ×100 其中T表示该国某一时期的贸易条件;PX为该时期的出口价格指数;PM为该时期的进口价格指数。 二、判断说明题(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分) 1, 马歇尔——勒纳条件可用来判断货币贬值程度。 “×”马歇尔——勒纳条件可用来判断货币贬值对国际收支影响程度 2, 假定对成品车征收40%的从价税,无关税时进口零部件成本为成品车价格的30%,对进口零部件征收40%的从价税时的有效关税保护率为40%。

10套-《国际经济学》期末试卷及答案

《国际经济学》模拟试卷(1) 一、单项选择(10小题,每小题1分,共10分):在四个备选答案中选择一个最适合的答案。 1.关于一般均衡分析的新古典模型,说法不正确的是()。 A.国际贸易理论的标准模型 B.采用2 2 1模型进行阐述 C.将技术、要素禀赋、需求偏好集于一体 D.由哈伯勒、勒纳、里昂惕夫和米德等人提出 2.国际金融理论的发展一直是围绕着()这一十分重要的问题而展开的。 A.外部平衡 B.内部平衡 C.外部平衡与内部平衡 D.规模经济 3.生产可能性曲线的假设条件有()。 A.两种生产要素的总供给都是可变的 B.生产要素可在两个部门间自由流动 C.两种生产要素没有充分利用 D.两种商品的生产技术条件是可变的 4.要素密集度可借助于()来说明。 A.社会无差异曲线 B.需求曲线 C.等产量曲线 D.供给曲线 5.国际贸易会()贸易国出口部门特定要素的实际收入。 A.提高 B.降低 C.不影响 D.可能影响 6.在产品生命周期的产品成熟阶段,产品属于()。 A.研究与开发密集型 B.资本密集型 C.劳动密集型 D.土地密集型

7.属于国际收支账户中服务项目的有()。 A.证券投资 B.商品修理 C.计算机和信息服务 D.非货币黄金 8.购买力平价论(the theory of purchasing power parity),简称PPP理论,是()在其1922年出版的《1914年以后的货币与外汇》(money and foreign exchange after 1914)中第一次系统阐述的。 A.勒纳 B.卡塞尔 C.凯恩斯 D.多恩布什 9.假设某国的边际消费倾向为0.80,边际进口倾向为0.30,试问该国的对外贸易乘数是()。 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 10.假设即期汇率l英镑=2美元,在欧洲市场美元一年期的利率为15%,英镑为10%,求一年后的远期汇率1英镑等于()美元。 A.2.091 B.2 C.1.913 D.3 二、判断题(10小题,每小题1分,共10分):若判断正确,在小题后的括号内填上“√”号;若判断不正确,则在小题后的括号内填上“×”号。 1.相对国内经济而言,在国际经济中市场机制不容易得到贯彻。() 2.在机会成本不变条件下,两国生产中存在着不完全分工(incomplete specialization)。 () 3.李嘉图的比较优势学说比斯密的绝对优势学说更具有普遍的意义。() 4.要素禀赋是一个相对的概念,与一国所拥有的生产要素绝对数量无关。() 5.劳动在短期内是属于一种特定要素。() 6.产业内贸易反映比较优势。() 7.费雪模型证明,资本是从利率较低的国家流向利率较高的国家,即资本的流动是单向的,结果是各国的利率差消失。这种分析是以不存在风险为前提的。() 8.汇率超调模型在长期强调商品市场的价格粘性。() 9.国际收支的弹性分析法是一种一般均衡分析。() 10.在浮动汇率制度下,如果资本具有完全的流动性,通过财政政策刺激总需求不会实现影响均衡产量或均衡收入的目的。()

《国际经济学》模拟试卷(2) (2)

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