精品解析：上海市静安区2019届高三二模英语试卷(解析版)

静安区2018学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研

英语学科试卷

考生注意:

1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

I Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it. read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. Because the gas station is waiting for the fuel price adjustment.

B. Because there’s no gas left at the gas station right now.

C. Because the gas station is checking and repairing the equipment now.

D. Because the quality of the gas in the station is terrible.

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. 5 dollars

B. 6 dollars

C. 7 dollars

D. 11 dollars

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. The new movie didn’t perform well in sales.

B. The new movie was positively reviewed by critics.

C. The new movie was successful in sales and reputation.

D. The new movie wasn’t welcomed by the critics.【答案】D 【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. They will be home on time. B. Her mother is in an area with poor signal reception. C. Sh e can’t connect her mother through the mobile phone now.D. She has to notify her mother that someone is dead. 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. The neighborhood suffers a power failure.

B. Their neighbor broke their light bulb.

C. There's something wrong with their light bulb.

D. It's black outside the window.

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. He lost the way to the ice cream counter.

B. He doesn't know which taste to choose.

C. He loses words to describe the taste of the ice cream.

D. He enjoys selling ice cream.

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. She doesn’t get on well with John.

B. John lied about absence from school.

C. John was too ill to receive them at home.

D. She didn’t go to school herself.

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. At an electronic appliance shop.

B. At a drugstore

C. At a laundry.

D. At a furniture shop.

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. Invite a friend to take the wedding photographing job.

B. Pay for photographing for her wedding.

C. Save the budget of wedding.

D. Avoid taking too many photos for her wedding.

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A. The candidate has devotion for the job.

B. The candidate is not good at giving speeches.

C. The candidate is out of touch with the woman.

D. . The candidate is not qualified for the job.

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a

question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer you have heard.

Questions are based on the following passage. 【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

11. A. 12%. B. 27%. C. 30%. D. 60%.

12.

A. Because their bodies are not strong enough for regular exercises.

B. Because their doctors prevent them from doing too many exercises.

C. Because they spend greater time doing activities requiring little energy.

D. Because they still keep working at older ages.

13.

A. Because it brings enjoyment to the old.

B. Because it makes life colorful.

C. Because it makes the old move more.

D. Because it saves money for the old.

【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C

【解析】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【11题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【12题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【13题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Questions are based on the following passage. 【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A. The high unemployment rate in the country.

B. The comfortable working environment.

C. The potential high income from the work.

D. The possibility to contact bosses and senior managers.

15.

A. Dealing with commitments.

B. Managing the Internet surfing.

C. Managing bosses' schedules.

D. Communicating with other employees.

16.

A. They give male applicants fair chances for the PA jobs.

B. They tend to provide male PAS with high salaries.

C. They give male Pas more work to manage.

D. They prefer to assign male PAS for male bosses.

【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A

【解析】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【14题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【15题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【16题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Questions are based on the following passage. 此处有音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A. Information about the features of the car.

B. Message about the prices of the car.

C. A larger discount than what dealers offer.

D. Comments about the car from other customers.

18.

A. Good service from professional staff.

B. Trial driving by the buyer.

C. Additional insurance benefits from dealers.

D. Driving license from the government.

19.

A. It manufactures advanced electric cars.

B. It cooperates well with car dealers.

C. Its online website offers comprehensive car information.

D. It can deliver cars to customers after online purchase.

20.

A. It provides more car information than new cars.

B. It is sold cheaper with less sales cost.

C. Used cars are generally sold at less than 2000 dollars.

D. Used car market is bigger than new car market.

【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B

【解析】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【17题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【18题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【19题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【20题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A 10%

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

When Jennifer Lawrence tripped on her way to accept her best actress Oscar one year, her pink princess-like Dior dress ____21____ (capture) in all its glory. The unscripted moment became hot topic throughout social media.

That bonus air-time for a single dress at one of the worlds global events is priceless for the likes of Dior, one of the ____22____ (influential) fashion houses in the luxury marketplace.

Success on the red carpet can earn exposure and profits for luxury brands for years ____23____(come). The red carpet, which will be televised live before Academy Award ceremony, presents a great opportunity for a designer to reach an audience that expands ____24____the fashion setting. The Lawrence dress received about 40 million mentions on various social media.

One way of estimating the monetary benefits of having a standout dress on the red carpet is to compare how much a brand would otherwise spend on commercial advertising during the same time. ____25____Lawrence had only 75 seconds of solo camera time for her Oscar acceptance speech, Dior had to pay more than $4 million for a commercial spot of the same duration on similar occasions. And this didn't include the time ____26____ (devote) to Lawrence and her dress on the pre-show televised red carpet. Lawrence, 23, had an advertising contract with Dior. ____27____the group’s deal with Lawrence affected its sales was clearly stated in its annual financia l report. That year, the group clothing section’s profits ____28____(total)165 million euros, up 26 percent from the previous year.

Heston, the founder of a publicity firm, ____29____success stories include introducing Jimmy Choo shoes and designer Saab to Hollywood, believes that the Oscar red carpet is today dominated by established luxury brands. Finding it much more difficult to compete with big brand names to dress super stars on big events, many young designers turn to ____30____(bet) on promising rising stars, expecting an overnight success if the young stars rise to sudden fame.

【答案】21. was captured

22. most influential

23. to come

24. beyond 25. Although

26. devoted

27. How 28. totaled

29. whose 30. betting

【解析】

本文是一篇时尚类短文阅读。文章主要介绍一些奢侈品牌为了提高自己的知名度和影响力，不惜为走红地毯的明星的身上花钱。

【21题详解】

考查谓语动词。主语dress与capture之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，根据文章可知用过去时态。句意：她那件像公主一样的粉红色迪奥礼服尽显光彩。故填was captured。

【22题详解】

考查形容词最高级。one of the 后面用最高级形式。句意：在奢侈品市场上，最具影响力的时装公司之一。故填most influential。

【23题详解】

考查非谓语动词。不定式作定语，表示动作未发生。for years to come未来几年。句意：红毯上的成功可以为奢侈品牌赢得未来几年的曝光率和利润。故填to come。

【24题详解】

考查介词。介词beyond表示“超出…之外”。句意：奥斯卡颁奖典礼前的红毯将进行现场直播，这为设计师们提供了一个很好的机会，可以接触到时尚圈之外的观众。故填beyond。

【25题详解】

考查状语从句连词。前后句之间为转折关系，从句有only，主句had to 表让步。句意：尽管劳伦斯只有75秒的个人镜头时间来拍摄奥斯卡获奖感言，迪奥却不得不花费400多万美元在类似的场合拍下同样时长的广告。故填Although。

【26题详解】

考查非谓语动词。短语be devoted to作定语，被动结构，故用过去分词。句意：这还不包括劳伦斯和她的礼服亮相电视红毯的时间。故填devoted。

【27题详解】

考查主语从句连词。根据句意这次交易如何影响销售，故用连词how。句意：该集团与劳伦斯的交易如何影响其销售额，在其年度财务报告中有明确说明。故填How。

【28题详解】

考查谓语动词。根据全文可知，动词total用过去时态，主动语态，表示“利润总计为”。那一年，集团服

装部门的利润总计1.65亿欧元，比前一年增长26%。故填totaled。

【29题详解】

考查定语从句关系代词。句中先行词为Heston，在非限定性定语从句中作名词success的定语。句意：赫斯顿是一家公关公司的创始人，他的成功故事包括把周仰杰(Jimmy Choo)的鞋子和设计师萨博(Saab)介绍给好莱坞。故用whose。

【30题详解】

考查非谓语动词动名词。前面的turn to的to是介词，后面接动名词形式。bet on sth.主动结构。句意：许多年轻的设计师把赌注押在有前途的新星身上，希望这些新星一夜成名。故填betting。

Section B.

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

For several decades, various types of artificial intelligence kept shocking the world. Robots could ____31____ people in highly competitive games and then quickly destroyed their human competitors.

AI long ago mastered chess, the Chinese board game Go and even the Rubik's cube, which it managed to solve in just 0.38 second.

Now machines have a new game that will allow them to ____32____ humans: Jenga, the popular game in which players ____33____remove pieces from an increasingly unstable tower of 54 blocks, placing each one on top until the entire structure would ____34____.

A newly released video from MIT shows a robot developed by the school's engineers playing the game with surprising accuracy. The machine is equipped with a soft gripper(夹子), a force-sensing wrist and an external camera, allowing the robot to detect the to wer’s ____35____ the way a human might do

Unlike in purely recognitive tasks or games such as chess or Go, playing the game of Jenga also requires mastery of physical acts such as pushing, pulling, placing, and arranging pieces. It must ____36____ interactive physical operation, where you have to touch the tower to learn how and when to move blocks.

Imitating it is rather difficult, so the robot has to learn in the real world, by working with the real Jenga tower. Recently, a relevant research was published in the journal Science Robotics. Researchers say the robot demonstrates that machines can learn how to perform certain tasks through actual touching instead of relying heavily on visual

____37____. That physical ____38____ is significant, researchers say, because it provides further proof that robots can be used to perform ____39____ tasks, such as separating recyclable objects from landfill trash and assembling consumer products.

In a cellphone assembly line, the felling of any component is coming from force and touch rather than vision. To become an accomplished Jenga player, the robot did not require as much repetitive practice as you might imagine. Hoping to avoid reconstructing a Jenga tower thousands of times, researchers developed a method that allowed the robot to be trained on about 300 games. Researchers say the robot has already begun facing off against humans, who remain ____40____ players—for now.

【答案】31. I. 32. D

33. B 34. K

35. E 36. A

37. J 38. F

39. C 40. G

【解析】

本文是一篇科技类短文阅读。人工智能的发展一直震惊着世界，研究人员现以开发新的机器人，可以通过实际触摸来学习如何执行任务。

【31题详解】

考查动词。动词encounter遇到。could后面选动词原形。句意：机器人可以在竞争激烈的游戏中遇到人类，然后迅速消灭人类对手。故选I。

【32题详解】

考查动词。动词shame使羞愧。to do形式选动词原形。句意：现在，机器有了一个新游戏，它们可以使人类羞愧。故选D。

【33题详解】

考查副词。副词strategically战略上。主谓之间选副词，选项只有一个副词，句意适当。句意：玩家从一个由54块积木组成的越来越不稳定的塔上战略性地移走棋子，把每一块积木放在塔顶，直到整个结构倒塌。故选B。

【34题详解】

考查动词。动词collapse倒塌。would后面选动词原形。句意：玩家从一个由54块积木组成的越来越不稳定的塔上战略性地移走棋子，把每一块积木放在塔顶，直到整个结构倒塌。故选K。

【35题详解】

考查名词。名词weaknesses薄弱。选名词作宾语，根据句意：探测塔的薄弱之处。故选E。

【36题详解】

考查动词。动词involve涉及。must后面选动词原形。根据句意：层层叠游戏要涉及互动。故选A。

【37题详解】

考查名词。名词clues线索，形容词visual后接名词。根据句意：而不是严重依赖视觉的线索。故选J。【38题详解】

考查名词。名词sensitivity敏感。作主语，而且是单数。根据句意：物理的敏感性很重要。故选F。

【39题详解】

考查形容词。形容词delicate需要谨慎处理的，修饰名词tasks。根据句意：机器人可用于执行需要谨慎处理的任务，后面有例子。故选C。

【40题详解】

考查形容词。形容词superior更胜一筹的，修饰名词players。根据句意：机器人开始挑战目前更胜一筹的人类。故选G。

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A(15分)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.

From the nation's earliest days, farming has held a crucial place in the American economy and culture. Farmers play an important role in any society, of course, since they feed people. But farming has been particularly ___41___ in the United States with intensified attention from civilians and government as well.

Early in the nation's life, farmers were seen as exemplifying economic ___42___ such as hard work, perseverance, and self-sufficiency. Moreover, many Americans, particularly immigrants who may have never held any land in the country, found that owning a farm was the ___43___ to enter the American economic system. They were immediately playing a part in the country’s economy.

The American farmer has generally been quite successful at producing food. Indeed, sometimes his success has created his biggest problem: the agricultural sector has suffered periodic explosions of overproduction that have

___44___ prices. When the government have to step in and ___45___ the worst of these events.

American farmers owe their ability to produce large yields to a number of factors. For one thing, they work under ___46___ natural conditions. The American Midwest has some of the richest soil in the world. Rainfall is ___47___ over most areas of the country; rivers and underground water permit extensive irrigation where it is not.

Increasing use of high-quality ___48___ labor also have contributed to the success of American agriculture. It is not unusual to see today's farmers ___49___ plows or harvesters. One farmer can manage large lands of farms. Fertilizers and pesticides are commonly used although some environmentalists ___50___ it. Computers track farm operations, and even ___51___ technology is utilized to find the best places to plant and fertilize crops. US agriculture is among the most advanced in the world.

Farmers still fight with forces beyond their control, ___52___. Despite its generally benign weather, North America also experiences frequent floods and droughts. Changes in the weather give agriculture its own economic cycles, often ___53___ the general economy. When negative factors hit farmers, calls for government assistance are particularly intense. In the 1930s, for instance, bad weather, and the Great Depression combined topush farms over the edge into a(n) ___54___ situation. The government responded with ___55___ agricultural reforms -- most notably, a system of price supports, whose significance toward the large-scale campaign lasted for many years.

41. A. valued B. accessed C. implemented D. illustrated

42. A. regulations B. virtues C. obligations D. requirements

43. A. shortcut B. implication C. reward D. substitute

44. A. maintained B. margined C. depressed D. refunded

45. A. take over B. cover up for C. come up with D. smooth out

46. A. varied B. favorable C. extreme D. visible

47. A. moderate B. predictable C. timely D. acid

48. A. labor B. investment C. chemical D. landscape

49. A. complicated B. flexible C. accessible D. executive

50. A. criticize B. recall C. evaluate D. identify

51. A. medical B. mobile C. space D. process

52. A. for example B. in all C. however D. additionally

53. A. subject to B. unrelated to C. reduced to D. applied to

54. A. vague B. desperate C. isolated D. feasible

55. A. struggling B. traditional C. sweeping D. permanent

【答案】41. A 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. A 50. A 51.

C 52. C 53. B 54. B 55. C

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍农业就在美国经济和文化中占据着至关重要的地位，以及政府大规模对农业进行改革。

【41题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. valued重视；B. accessed进入；C. implemented实施；D. illustrated说明。但农业在美国受到了特别重视。选A。

【42题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. regulations规则；B. virtues 美德；C. obligations义务；D. requirements要求。在这个国家的早期，农民被视为努力工作、坚持不懈和自给自足等经济美德的典范。故选B。

【43题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. shortcut捷径；B. implication牵连；C. reward报酬D. substitute代用品。许多美国人，尤其是那些可能从未在美国拥有任何土地的移民，发现拥有农场是进入美国经济体系的捷径。故选A。【44题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. maintained维持；B. margined为…付保证金；C. depressed降低；D. refunded偿还。根据上文“the agricultural industry has suffered …”可知，农业部门遭受了周期性的生产过剩的爆发，从而压低了价格。故选C。

【45题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。A. take over接管；B. cover up for包庇；C. come up with提出；D. smooth out缓解；消除。政府不得不介入并平息这些最糟糕的事件。故选D。

【46题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。A. varied各种各样的；B. favorable良好的；C. extreme极端的；D. visible可见的。农民在良好的自然环境下工作。故选B。

【47题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。A. moderate适当的；B. predictable可预测的；C. timely及时的；D. acid尖酸的。全国大部分地区降雨量适中。故选A。

【48题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. labor劳动力；B. investment投资；C. chemical化学物；D. landscape风景。越来越多地使用高质量的劳动力也为美国农业的成功做出了贡献。故选A。

【49题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。A. complicated复杂的；B. flexible灵活的；C. accessible 可得到的；D. executive 行政的。今天的农民使用复杂的犁或收割机并不罕见。故选A。

【50题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. criticize指责；B. recall召回；C. evaluate评估；D. identify鉴定。化肥和杀虫剂被广泛使用，尽管一些环保主义者指责它。故选A。

【51题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. medical医生；B. mobile活动物体；C. space空间；D. process过程。计算机跟踪农场运作，甚至利用空间技术来寻找种植和施肥作物的最佳地点。故选C。

【52题详解】

考查副词及短语词义辨析。A. for example例如；B. in all总而言之；C. however然而；D. additionally此外。根据句意可知，这里表示转折。然而，农民们仍然在与他们无法控制的力量作斗争。故选C。

【53题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。A. subject to让步于... ... ；B. unrelated to与……无关；C. reduced to减少到；D. applied to把……应用到。天气的变化赋予农业自身的经济周期，通常与一般经济无关。故选B。

【54题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。A. vague模糊的；B. desperate绝望的；C. isolated孤立的；D. feasible可行的。根据上文“the Great Depression combined to push farmers over the edge into…”可知，在20世纪30年代，恶劣的天气和大萧条使托普什农场濒临绝境。故选B。

【55题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。A. struggling努力的；B. traditional传统的；C. sweeping彻底的；大范围的；D. permanent 永久的。政府以全面的农业改革作为回应。故选C。

【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解，要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。例如小题4所选的depressed这个词根据根据上文“the agricultural industry has suffered …”可知，农业部门遭受了周期性的生产过剩的爆发，从而压低了价格，故选择出正确的答案。

Section B(24分)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

After some blood tests, Dr Stubs stood before me, a tall man, but short on personality and sporting a cold expression. You have systemic lupus. he said matter-of-factly."Lupus, "he continued, "is an auto-immune disease and ….” I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Chi ldren are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.”

As I got up to leave, shaken and drained, he said his parting words, “I would discourage any further research. There is no cure and nothing can prevent its progression.”

Still, I did research lupus and its symptoms tiredness and joint pain-were both consistent with what I was experiencing. And eventually some major organs could be affected, causing shutdown and possibly death.

I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and

three-year-old daughter.

After another visit, I decided never to go back to Dr. Stubs. How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth? The years passed. When I would feel tired and achy I pulled support from my children and their laughter.

Finally, after eight years, I went to Dr. Kirstein who was recommended by a friend. She stood there holding my hand and looking into my eyes warmly

"So, let’s talk a little

Instantly my defenses were down. Before I knew it, she had me running on and on about my children, my husband, my life and dreams. I told her about all the meaningful activities I was involved in, those things I might have never done without the disease.

After several follow-up tests, and greater research into my family history, Dr. Kirsteincame to conclusive answer.

I did not have systemic lupus. There must be something wrong with the initial tests 8 years before.

I didn't know whether I should jump for joy or scream because I had been living the last eight years in fear of a fatal disease. But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a

gift and I knew it.

56. Dr. Strubs warned the author against having more children because _____.

A. The process of giving birth put her life in danger.

B. Taking care of children will gradually worsen her disease.

C. Her disease will threaten the health of her children.

D. She already has enough children.

57. why did the author stop seeing doctor Strubs after two visits? .

A. Because she not qualified to treat her disease.

B. Because he recommended Dr.Kirkstein to her.

C. Because his cold attitude upset the author.

D. Because she suspected his diagnosis about her disease.

58. How did the author deal with the disease?

A. She calmly waited for major organs to shut down.

B. she took effective medicine regularly to fight the disease.

C. She turned to Dr. Kirstein to get cure for the disease

D. She tried to strengthen immune system and drew strength from family.

59. Why did the author think every day in the past 8 years was a gift?

A. Because systemic lupus was no longer a deadly disease.

B. Because she made every day valuable in spite of disease

C. Because she received a gift every day from her family

D. Because she only occasionally felt pain and tiredness.

【答案】56. A 57. C 58. D 59. B

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病，但是她使得每一天都过的有意义。

【56题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpst art additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.”可知，Dr. Strubs认为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状。故选A。

【57题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第五段How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth?作者无法忍受反复听到医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语，可知，医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安。故选C。

【58题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.可知，作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态，从家庭中汲取力量。故选D。

【59题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.可知，作者意识到，活着的每一天，并不是那么恐惧，而是快乐，甚至每一天都是一份礼物，从而推断出，尽管疾病缠身，但她让每一天都变得有价值。故选B。

(B)

While faking and fierce looks are among animals great defenses, many species know that everyone runs from a big stink(臭气)too.

Vulture(秃鸳)

Vultures, are street sweepers that feast on the rotting flesh of dead animals, which benefits us by ridding our highways and landscapes of animal bodies and the bacteria they might carry. When vultures feel threatened they vomit, and the smell of vomited-on dead bodies puts of most predators. Throwing up allows the vulture to fly away more quickly-and the vomit can hurt the aggressor's eyes and face.

Opossum(负鼠)

In some ways opossums have it easy. In order to become “dead", they don’t have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere. Even if they keep getting attacked, they won't move any more than a human statue until the threat has passed.

Hoatzin(磨雉)

Hold your nose and meet the hoatzin a bird of distinctions, not the least of which is that it smells like fresh cow

shit. The animal mostly eats leaves and it's the only bird known to digest by fermentation, like a cow. This process is what causes its smell and has earned it the nickname the “stink bird

Millipedes (千足虫)

Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.

Sea Hare(海兔)

The graceful sea hare is plain in taste in the first place, so it's not the most popular dish in the seafood chain. Nonetheless this type of sea creature has a pretty creative smell-related defense that is almost the opposite of its smelly companions on this list. The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.

Researchers using lobsters(2-f)as model predators found that the sea blocks the lobsters receptive mechanism. In other words, the sea hare gives its attacker the equivalent of a stuffy nose so they don't know how appealing it is.

60. The sea hare defends itself from predators by ____.

A. becoming plain in taste at the discovery of a predator

B. giving out purple ink to make itself invisible to predators

C. releasing substance to make predators unable to smell it

D. giving off smelly gas to try to drive predators away.

61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.

B. The opossum fakes its death to avoid being targeted by predators.

C. The hoatzin eats cow shit so that it is nick-named as “stink bird

D. The gas released by millipede was basically harmless

62. The species that enjoys more than one defense mechanism is

A. vulture

B. opossum

C. millipede

D. sea hare

【答案】60. C 61. B 62. C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些野生动物是如何防御的。

【60题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.可知，海兔身上散发出黏糊糊的紫色墨水，这种物质使得捕食者对食物不那么感兴趣，从而保护自己免受捕食者的伤害。故选C。

【61题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段In order to become “dead", they don’t have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere.可知，负鼠假装死亡，让捕食者在其他地方找到更新鲜的食物，以避免成为捕食者的目标。故选B。

【62题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.可知，千足虫主要防守是蜷成一团。然而，它们也会释放出有害的眼睛，并在攻击者身上留下可怕的气味。从而可以推断出，千足虫是拥有多种防御机制的物种。故选C。

(C)

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