2018届天津市各高中名校高三英语试题题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解B篇--老师版(全部带答案精准校对提高版)

第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

One of the teachers’ rewards is that he is using his mind on valuable subjects. All over the world people are spending their lives either on doing jobs where the mind must be kept numb(麻木的)all day, or else on highly rewarded activities which are tedious. One can get accustomed to operating an adding-machine for five and a half days a week, or to writing advertisements to persuade the public that one brand of cigarettes is better than another. Yet no one would do either of these things for its own sake. Only the money makes them tolerable. But if you really understand an important and interesting subject, like the structure of the human body or the history of the two World Wars, it is a genuine happiness to explain them to others, to welcome every new book on them, and to learn as you teach.

With this another reward of teaching is very closely linked. That is the happiness of making something. When the pupils come to you, their minds are only half-formed, full of black spaces and vague notions and over simplifications. You do not merely insert a lot of facts, if you teach them properly. It is not like injecting 500 C. C. of serum(血浆), or giving a year’s dose of vitamins. You take the living mind, and mould it. It resists sometimes. It may lie passive and apparently refuse to accept anything you print on it.

Sometimes it is shaped too easily, and then seems to melt again and become featureless. But often it comes into firmer shape as you work, and gives you the incomparable happiness of helping to create a human being. To teach a boy the difference between truth and lie in print, to start him thinking about the meaning of poetry or patriotism, to hear him hammering back at you with the facts and arguments you have helped him to find, sharpened by himself and fitted to his own powers, gives the sort of satisfaction that an artist has when he makes a picture out of black canvas（画布） and chemical color1ings, or a doctor when he hears a sick pulse pick up and carry the energies of new life under his hands.

56. What makes people tolerant of tedious jobs is______.

A．the job itself B．the money

C．the significance of the job D．the fact that it can keep the mind numb

57.According to the author, it is genuine happiness to .

A.earn a lot of money

B.do highly rewarded jobs where the mind must be kept numb

C.spend one’s life in operating an adding machine

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ee18774255.html,e one’s mind on valuable subjects

58.Teaching a pupil properly means .

A.taking and shaping the living mind

B.just inserting a lot of facts in the mind

C.being just like injecting 500cc. of serum

D.being the same as giving a year’s dose of vitamins

59.Which of the following is implied in the passage?

A.The teacher is an “engineer”who shapes the mind as he works.

B.Pupils are always ready to accept what teachers teach them.

C.A teacher can create a human being.

D.Teaching is kind of easy work.

60.The author refers to an artist and a doctor __________ .

A.because an artist can make a picture and a doctor can hear a sick pulse

B.to show how a teacher feels when he succeeds in helping create a human being

C.because both the artist and the doctor were once students

D.to show the fact that students can become good doctors and artists

Keys: 56-60 BDAAB

第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Rome, Paris and New York are the world's top fashion cities, all of which have produced some of the top trends, from fashionable skirts to the hottest new shoes. But have you ever wondered

about the negative ideas that they have enforced?

In April 2016, the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) in Britain banned an ad from Gucci that featured models dancing around and having fun, because they were all extremely skinny. Banning ads due to the models' extreme figures isn't new. The ASA banned an ad in 2015 for the same reason. In France, it has been ruled that models are to provide a doctor's note providing that they are at a healthy weight.

So what is the healthy weight for models? Twenty years ago, the average fashion model weighed 8% less than the average woman. Today, they weigh 23% less.

People may think that being at an unhealthy weight will help them gain the benefits that the models do. This provides a standard of beauty, and therefore people who want to achieve those things may attempt to obtain them through unhealthy ways. People may think that they are overweight, due to the images of models1 thin figures. They see something wrong with their bodies, whether they are overweight or not. This is a key factor in a lowered body image, low self-esteem, depression and possibly even eating disorders.

I'm not blaming the fashion industry by any means. It’s not their fault that many people look up to the models and expect to live a life like theirs. I am glad that the ASA is raising its voices when discussing the growing issue of body images in the fashion industry. By banning photos and videos, speaking out against them and pushing for doctor’s notes from the models, it’s pushing for the ideas that the traditional fashion industry's body image demands should be changed and something more needs to be questioned.

56. One of Gucci's ads was banned mainly because .

A. its models are much too thin

B. none of its models had a doctor’s note

C. models didn't act according to the rules

D. its models were dancing in an unhealthy way

57. The numbers mentioned in Paragraph 3 showed that .

A. many women are on a diet to become models

B. people don't know why models weigh less

C. models are becoming thinner with time going by

D. the healthy weight for models hasn't been decided

58. What does the fourth paragraph mainly show?

A. The negative effects of models’ images.

B. People’s attitudes towards models’ images.

C. The benefits of becoming thin figures.

D. The changes in the standard of beauty.

59. The possible purpose of the ASA's measures is to .

A. change the future models are faced with.

B. set up new standards of models’ body images

C. criticize the traditional standards for models

D. encourage more people to live a life like models

60. What is the author's tone of writing this passage?

A. Critical.

B. Humorous.

C. Hopeful.

D. Objective.

Keys: 56-60 ACABD

第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year as an exchange student with the American Field Service. Compared to most visitors, I didn’t travel much. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I went to school every day, in uniform. I had good days and bad days and the days I didn’t understand.

Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp in the Atacama Desert. There is no disco, no shopping center, no museum or beach. Driveways must be watered daily to keep the dust down.

When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from the urban middle-class America I was accustomed to. There were lots of dogs on the streets, and a constant cloud of brick-colored dust came from the mine. There was no downtown, few smoothly paved(用砖石铺的) streets, and little to do for amusement. The people worked extremely hard. Rain was rare phenomenon; earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.

I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was barely able to communicate and desperate for one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn’t speak the thoughts in my head ---and there were so many.

Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite or weight gain and depression. I was required to overcome all difficulties. Being an exchange student is not easy.

As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy---for which I received half a credit in global studies. Somehow my high school couldn’t figure out a way to relate my experience to its curriculum.

But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept as well as to succeed in another culture. I now know the world is my community and have a much deeper understanding of both myself and others.

41.The author went to Chile last year with the purpose of ________.

A. paying a visit to Chile as a tourist

B. working as a volunteer of the American Filed Service

C. studying Chilean culture as a college student

D. experiencing Chilean life as an exchange student

42.On arriving in Chile, the author felt frightened because______.

A. he couldn’t get used to working so hard as Chileans did

B. he did not know how to get along with local people because of the culture gap

C. its living conditions were much worse than what he was familiar to.

D. his life was threatened by earthquakes and windstorms.

43. During the first week in Chile the author ________.

A. could hardly communicate with people

B. found one person to explain his shock

C. couldn’t express his thoughts in English

D. couldn’t overcome his great depression

44. According to the text, the author most probably think that his life in Chile was_______.

A. Wonderful but tiring

B. hard but meaningful

C. Difficult and terrible

D. Boring and disappointing

45. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners.

B.The author benefits greatly from the experience in Chile.

C. Exchange students always fail to succeed in another culture.

D. the official languages are Spanish and English.

Keys: 41-45 DCABB

第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Plants can do arithmetic (算术), No, it’s not that they are doing quadratic equations (二次方程) or some such. It is found that plants do perform what could best be called arithmetic division overnight to help themselves make it through the night without starving.

During the day, plants feed themselves by taking energy from the sun and changing carbon dioxide into sugars and starches (淀粉). But at night, they have to rely on the starches they’ve stored up to survive till dawn returns.

Plants are found to share out their stores of starches by making adjustments to how much they consume. During the night, the mechanism inside the leaf measures the size of the starch store and guesses the length of time until dawn. Information about time comes from an internal clock. The size of the starch store is then divided by the length of time until dawn to set the correct rate of starch consumption, so that, by dawn, around 95 percent of the starches are used up. That is, even in the night, plants are still growing and producing. Understanding how plants continue to grow in the dark could help unlock new ways to increase crop production.

What’s notable is how efficiently plants share out their starch stores. It is poin ted out that if the starch store is used too fast, plants will starve and stop growing during the night. If the store is used too slowly, some of it will be wasted.

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2014全国高考汇编阅读新题型 一（2014安徽卷） 第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 Many people believe that classical music is not relevant to young people today . However, this issue (问题) frequently causes heated debate. Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people .For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert , the majority is over the age of fifty. Others say it is more popular than we first imagine . Many young people listen to classical music without realising .It is often used in films and advertisements. For example.a famous piece of classical music was used as the theme music for the 1990 World Cup . Not many people could have given its name , but millions enjoyed it . Also,some people point out that young people produce new music based on classical ideas: for example, it is said that rap(说唱)music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music. However, young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology. To play a classical instrument, such as a violin, you need to study hard and practise for hours. Nowadays, you don't need to get aching arms from practising. A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom. A final point to in mind is that the term "classical music" is used to refer to a great

高三英语阅读理解(带详解)

I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. “I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.” He laughed, “You’ll give me a quarter for my story?” I lay the qu front of him and corrected myself –“Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the “I was in the army,” he said. “ carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. enemy from the distance.” I listened He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. “I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,” he said. “One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.” The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? “I have no regrets,”　 anyone the homeless man said. “I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed He in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.”　 okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with continued, “I can live with being homeless—that’s killing innocent people.” On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order