高中英语必修五笔记

Unit 1

1. put forward 提出

He put forward a new plan.

2. expert adj. 专家的，内行的，经验丰富的

n. 专家，内行，经验丰富的人

a medical expert

She is (an)expert at/in/on teaching small children.

3. attend v. 参加，出席，到场；看护，照料

Will you attend the meeting?

Please let us know if you are unable to attend.

She has a good doctor attending (on/to) her.

4. expose v. （使）暴露+to…

Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.

exposed adj. 暴露于危险的，无遮蔽的

As a doctor, she was exposed to many danger.

5. cure v. 治愈，治疗

n. 疗法+for…

expose sb. of sth.

When I left the hospital, I was completely cured.

The medicine will cure you of your cough.

6. every time , each time , the first time 相当于conj. 直接加从句

I make fun of her every time I see her.

7. challenge v. 向…挑战，邀请…比赛+to（可以是介词，也可是不定式）

n. 挑战

I challenged him to a game of tennis.

I challenged you to race me across the lake.

face a challenge

8. absorb v. 吸收；使专心，使全神贯注+in

The walls of the house absorb heat during the day.

I was absorbed in a book and didn’t hear you call me.

9. suspect v. 怀疑

n. 嫌疑犯

We suspected that he was the murder even before we were told.

They suspect him of murder.

They suspect him of giving false evidence.

10. enquiry n. 询问，打听，调查=inquiry +into

We made some enquiries into her movements.

11.foresee v. 预知，预见，预料

We should have foreseen this months ago.

12. investigation n. 调查，侦查+into

investigate v. 调查，侦查

The police are investigating this crime.

13. be to blame (for sth.) 应对…承担责任，该为…受责备

The children were not to blame for the accident.

14. handle n. 把手，柄

v. 控制，对付

It was a very difficult situation, but he handled it very well.

15. link v. 连接；联系

link A to B 把A和B联系在一起（抽象）

The road links all the new towns.

The road will link Changchun to/with Beijing.

16. announce v. 宣布，宣告

They announced the date of their wedding in the paper.

announcement n. 宣布，宣告

17. instruct v. 命令，吩咐，指示+sb. to do ；教，讲授+in

I’ve been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.

He instructs us in history.

18. apart from 除了

I’ve finished apart from the last question.

Apart from their house in London, they also have one in Spain.

19. make sense 讲的通，有意义

This sentence makes no sense.

20. at times 有时

He can be really bad-tempered at times.

21. fix v. 使固定，安装；修理

fix sth. on/upon sth. 集中（注意力，目光，思想等）于…上

fix the blackboard on the wall

The car won’t start. Can you fix it?

22.spin v. （使）快速旋转–spinning-spun-spun

spin the ball

The ball is spinning.

23. enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热情的+about

an enthusiastic supporter

She is less enthusiastic about going to Spain.

24. reject v. 拒绝

25. construct v. 建设

construction n. 建设

under construction

Unit 2

1. consist of 由…组成，构成

The UK consists of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The Great Britain and Northern Ireland made up the United Kingdom.

2. divide v. 分割（原来是一个整体）

separate v. 分割（原来不是一个整体，组合在一起，再分开）

The students in this class are divided into 3 groups.

3. clarify v. 澄清，阐明

The government has again and again clarified its position on equal pay for wumen.

clarification n.

4. accomplish v. 完成，实现

We’ve accomplished all that we planned to do.

5. conflict n. 冲突，争执，争论

The two parties have been in conflict since the election.

a conflict between two cultures

John often comes into conflict with his boss.

She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

6. unwilling adj. 不愿意的

He is unwilling to pay the rent.

7. break away (from…) 逃脱，逃离

The American southern states wanted to break from the union.

8. to one’s credit 值得赞扬，给…带来荣誉

It is greatly to his credit that John gave back the money he found.

To his credit, John gave back the money he found.

9. convenience n. 方便，便利（的事物）

We bought this house for its convenience.

for (the sake of) convenience 方便起见

at sb.’s convenience 在…方便时

I keep my dictionary near my desk for convenience.

Can you telephone me at your convenience?

convenient adj. 方便的，便利的

Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

10. nationwide adj./adv. 全国性的，全国范围的

His speech will broadcast nationwide.

11. leave out 遗漏，漏掉

You’ve left out the most important point in the meeting.

12. arrange v. 安排，筹备

We’ve got to arrange how to get to the airport.

We arranged for a car to collect you from the airport.

Have you arranged to meet him?

13. delight n. 高兴，快乐（的事）

v. 使高兴

the delights of living in the countryside

to one’s delight

delighted adj. 高兴的，愉快的+with/at/by

delightful adj. 令人愉快的

I was delighted with my presents

I was delighted to be invited to the party.

I was delighted at the news of their wedding.

14. thrill Cn. 兴奋，激动，令人兴奋的经历

Winning the first place must be a thrill.

We’re thrilled to hear from the famous writer.

Unit 3

1. aspect Cn. 方面，层面

Weather can affect every aspect of our life.

2. impression Cn 印象，感想

What were your first impressions of Beijing?

His behaviour gave her a good impression.

The book made/had/left a deep impression on him. impress v. 使…印象深刻

The book impressed a lot of people.

He impressed her with his honesty.

3. take up 开始从事；接受；占用，占据

John took up acting while he was at college,

I’d like to take up your offer of a drink.

The table takes up too much room.

4. unsettled adj. 不镇静的，不安的

5. uncertain adj. 无把握的，忧郁的

He was uncertain about what to do next.

I’m still uncertain of my feelings for her.

6. opening n. 孔，洞，缺口；开端，开始；开幕式，落成典礼

We can see the stars through the opening in the roof.

The movie has an exciting opening.

the opening of the Olympic Games

7. sideways adv. 侧着，侧面朝前；往、向、从…一侧

She sat sideways on the chair.

He looked sideways at her.

8. surroundings pl. 环境，周围的事物

surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的

9. tolerate v. 容忍，忍受=put up with

She can no longer tolerate the situation she is in.

10. hit v. 使…受伤害、损失，对…有不利影响，打击

a town hit by violent earthquakes

11. lack v./n. 缺乏，不足

I lack the courage to do it.

He can’t enter the university because of lack of money. 12. adjust v. 调整，调节，适应，习惯+to

He adjust (himself) quickly to the heat of the countrt.

adjustment n.

make adjustment to

13. fasten v. 系牢，扣住

unfasten v. 解开

14. sweep up 打扫，清扫

After all the guests had left, we swept up all the mess.

15. flash v. （使）闪耀，闪光

16. switch n. 开关v. +on/off=turn on/off

17. slide v. 滑行，滑动；快捷而悄声地移动–slid-slid

n. 滑梯

18. instant n. 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻

adj. 立即的，立刻的；速溶的，速食的，方便的

I’ll be back in an instant.

Come here this instant.

The show was an instant success.

instant coffee

instant noodles

the instant conj. 一…就…

I recognized her the instant I saw her.

19. dispose vi. 去掉，清除，销毁+of…

I want to dispose of my old car before I buy a new one.

My old car will be disposed of before I buy a new one.

disposal n. 去掉，清除，处理

20. greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪吃的，渴望的+for

21. recycle vt. 回收利用，再利用

The envelope is made from the recycled paper.

Denmark recycles 85% of its paper.

22. manufacturing Un. 制造业

manufacture vt. 大量生产，成批制造

They manufacture televisions in the factory.

23. representative n. 代表

adj. 典型的，有代表性的

a representative of UN

Unit 4

1. occupation Cn. 工作，职业

Please state your name, age and occupation.

occupy v. 侵占，占领，占据；占用，使用（空间或时间）；居住，使用（房屋或建筑）The capital has been occupied by the rebel army.

The bed seems to occupy most of the room.

He occupies the house without paying any rent.

2. photographer n. 摄影师

photograph n. 照片

take a photograph of…

a colour photograph

a black-and-white photograph

photography Un. 摄影，照相术

3. involve v. 涉及，牵涉，牵连，影响+sb. in sth.

What does your job involve?

involved adj. 参与，作为一部分，有关联+in

be involved in politics

4. delighted adj. 高兴的，愉快的

Sandy will be delighted to see you.

I’m delighted that you could stay.

She was delighted with her new home.

I’m delighted at/by the result

5. admirable adj. 值得赞扬的，令人钦佩的

admire v. 钦佩，羡慕，欣赏

admire the moon

Lisa was much admired for sticking to her principles.

6. assistant n. 助手，助理

assist v. 帮助，援助，协助

assist sb. with/in sth.

assist sb. in doing sth.

We’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live.

Some guests assisted me with the preparation of the food.

7. cover v. 报导；覆盖；掩盖；足够支付；行走，走过

Tom will cover the story with the little girl.

The road was covered with snow.

She laughed to cover her worry.

Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt?

She covered 1000m in less than 4 minutes.

8. submit v. 提交，呈递+sth. to sb. –submitted-sbumitted

submit an application to the manger

9. eager adj. 渴望的+for sth. /to do sth.

I was eager to get back to work.

He is eager for his parents’ support.

10. concentrate vi. 集中注意力，聚精会神+on…

vt. 集中注意力于…+sth. on…

Alice found it difficult to concentrate.

Be quiet—let me concentrate on my homework.

concentration n.

11. update v. 更新，使现代化

These files need updating.

12. acquire v. 获得，得到，购得

The land was acquired by the city for 21 million dollars.

She has acquired a good knowledge of English.

13. have a nose for 发现、辨别事物的能力；嗅觉

As a journalist, she always has a nose for good stories.

14. assess v. 评价，评定

There are various measures of assessing students’ performance.

assessment n.

15. inform v. 通知，知会，告知

Please inform us of/about any changes of your address.

I regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.

16. deadline Cn. 截止日期，最后期限+for…

The deadline for application is May 22nd.

17. meanwhile adv. 期间，同时=meantime

My mother went shopping. Meanwhile I cleaned the house.

18. depend on 取决于；依靠，依赖

It depends. 不一定

19. case n. 情况，事例；案件，案例；病例

in this case

in some cases

a murder case

There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa.

20. accuse v. 控告，谴责，控诉+sb. of (doing) sth.

Smith accused her of lying.

21. deliberately adv. 故意地

I think she is deliberately avoiding me.

22. so as to 为了，以便（不用于句首）

in order to 为了，以便

so that=in order that 为了，一遍+从句

23. deny v. 否认，否定

deny the accusation

He denied attempting to kill the cat.

24. skeptical adj. 怀疑的

I’m extremely skeptical about/of what I read on the book.

25. be supposed to do 应当，应该

We’re supposed to check out by 11:00

26. guilty adj. 有罪的，犯罪的+of ；感到内疚的，感到惭愧的+about

The jury found her guilty of murder.

I feel really guilty about not visiting my parents very often.

27. dilemma n. 进退两难的困境，窘境

in a dilemma

28. demand v. 强烈要求

She demanded an immediate explanation.

I demand to know what is going on.

They demanded that the government free all the prisoners.

29. edition n. 版本，版次

The textbook is now in its fourth edition.

30. ahead of （空间或时间）在…之前

There are 4 people ahead of me at the doctor’s.

31. department n. 部门，司，局，处，科，系

the government department

the English department

32. accurate adj. 准确的，精确的

a highly accurate electronic compass

33. senior adj.（级别或地位）高的+to sb.

a senior officer

We work in the same team, but she is senior to me.

34. polish v. 擦亮，磨光；润色，修改

polish your shoes

Your essay is good. You just need to polish it a bit.

35. chief adj. 首席的，最高级别的，主要的，首要的

n. 首领，头目pl. chiefs

the chief reason

the chief problem

a police chief

36. approve vt. 批准，通过

vi. 赞成，同意+of

The meeting approved the suggestion for setting up a supermarket in school.

He doesn’t approve of my leaving school this year.

37. process v. 处理，加工；审阅，审核

n. 过程，进程

Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.

It will take a week for your application to be processed.

We are in the process of selling our house.

Unit 5

1. aid Un. 支持，救助，帮助Cn. 辅助工具或设备，有助之物

v. 帮助，援助+sb. in/with sth. / +sb. in doing sth.

come/go to one’s aid 援助某人

with the aid of 在…的帮助下

in aid of 以支援、帮助…

They collect money in aid of the sick

He was able to find the museum with the aid of a map.

She came quickly to his aid.

a hearing aid 助听器

teaching aids 教具

We aid him in rising money.

2. injure v. 使…受伤，弄伤，伤害

She was badly injured in the accident.

injury n. 损害，伤害+to

He suffered serious injury to his arms and legs

3. bleed v. 流血，出血–bled-bled

He bled to death.

blood n. 血液

bloody adj. 血淋淋的

4. choke v. （使）窒息，（使）呼吸困难

She choked with laughter.

He almost choked to death on a fish bone.

The smoke almost choked me.

5. sprain v. 扭伤

I have sprained my ankle.

6. barrier n. 障碍物，障碍，隔阂

Please show your ticket at the barrier before you board the train.

Poor health may be a barrier to health.

7. prison n. 毒，毒药，毒物

v. 投毒，放毒，毒死

Someone wanted to prison my dog.

Someone wanted to prison my dog’s food.

8. treatment Un. 对待，待遇；处理，治疗

Cn. 疗法+for

The workers received good treatment from the government.

They are trying a new treatment for cancer.

9. variety Un. 变化，多样化

Cn. 各种各样的事物

She didn’t like the work because it lack of variety.

Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons

vary v. 呈现不同+in ；改变，变动，变化

The fish vary in weight from 3 pounds to 5 pounds.

Prices vary with the seasons.

The weather varies from very cold to quite mild.

various adj. 各种各样的

10. mild adj. 轻微的，不严重的；温和的，温厚的

Edward suffered a mild heart attack.

mildly adv.

She spoke mildly to me.

11. heal 使…恢复健康，治愈

Time heals all the sorrows.

He was healed of his sickness.

12. electric adj. 用电的，发电的，通电的，带电的

electrical adj. 与电有关的

electronic adj. 电子的

electrical equipment

electrical engineer

13. swell v. 肿胀，膨胀–swelled-swelled/swollen

His ankle swelled after the fall.

swollen adj. 肿的，肿胀的

14. squeeze v. 压，挤，捏，榨

He squeezed out the wet sponge

Squeeze the juice out of a lemon.

15. in place 在适当的位置，准备好投入使用

As soon as all the chairs are in place, we can let people in.

The new regulations are now in place.

out of place 不在适当的位置上

16. vital adj. 极其重要的，非常必须的+to/for

Your support is vital for the success of my plan.

The heart is a vital organ.

17. present v. 颁发，授予，赠送

When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him.

When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented him a gold watch.

18. stab v. 刺，捅，戳–stabbed-stabbed

He was stabbed to death.

She stabbed him in the leg with a knife.

19. treat v. 对待，看待，处理；款待，请客；治疗，医治

She treated us like children.

Try to treat all your students the same.

I’m going to treat myself to a holiday in Hainan next year.

I’m going to treat her to an ice cream.

20. apply v. 申请+to sb. for sth. ；应用，使用，运用+to ；敷，涂+to

I’ve applied to the boss for a job.

Apply butter to the wound.

21. make no difference 没有作用；不重要；不要紧+to

The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.

The sea air has made a difference to her health.

It makes no difference to me what you say.

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.

高中人教版英语必修五课本答案

教材练习答案及听力原文 Unit 1 WARMING UP ?Answers: 1 Archimedes, Ancient Greek (287-21 2 BC) He was a mathematician. He found that if you put an object into water the water pushes the object up. It rises and partly floats. The force of the water pushing it up is the same as the weight of the object. 2 Charles Darwin, British (1808-1882) The Origin of Species was published in 1859. It explained how plants and animals had changed over time to fit in with a changing environment. At the time it was published it was very controversial. Many people believed the Bible when it said that God made the first two people (Adam and Eve) and that all other people came from these two. Darwin’s book showed that people had developed from apes instead. So this caused a lot of ar gument between religious and scientific people. However Darwin’s idea became very influential and is still accepted today. 3 Thomas Newcomen, British (1663-1729) He improved the first steam pump built by Thomas Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it still further in the 1770s turning it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. 4 Gregor Mendel, Czech (1822-1884) He grew pea plants and developed ideas on heredity and inherited characteristics. He concentrated on cross-fertilising pea plants and analyzing the results. Between 1856-1863 he grew 28,000 pea plants. He examined seven kinds of seed and plant characteristics and developed some laws of inheritance. The first is that inheritance factors do not combine but are passed to the next generation intact. Second, he found that each partner gives half the inherited factors to the young. Third, some of these factors show up in the offspring (and so are dominant). The other factors are masked by the dominant ones (and so are recessive). 5 Marie Curie, Polish and French (1867-1934) She was born in Poland and came to study in France in 1891 and she lived there for the rest of her life. In 1898 she discovered radium. She received two Nobel prizes, one (with Pierre Curie) for physics (1903) and one for chemistry (1911). She is the only person to have been so honoured. On the death of her husband she took over his job at the Sorbonne in Paris. Her work on radioactivity and the discovery of radium meant that she began a new scientific area of research. She was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize and the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne. 6 Thomas Edison, American (1847-1931) He was already an inventor of other electrical devices (phonograph, electric light bulb) when in 1882 he designed a system for providing New York with electricity from a central power station. This was a tremendous achievement, which had previously been thought impossible.

人教版高中英语必修二知识点归纳总结

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