HOW TO USE PUNCTUATION
HOW TO USE PUNCTUATION
Introduction
The earliest known punctuation was credited to Aristophanes of Byzantium, a libarian at Alexandria, around 200 BC. However, punctuation as we understand it today was the result of the rise of printing in the 14th and 15th centuries and was developed by Aldus Manutius and his grandson (who had the same name).
There is only one reason to use punctuation correctly - but it is a vitally important reason: to make oneself understood with clarity. In speech, we have a variety of devices for clarifying our meaning: stress, intonation, rhythm, pauses, hand or body movements. In text, we have only the words and the punctuation; and poor punctuation enables the same words to have different or unclear meanings. There are clear rules for the use of punctuation marks and they are not difficult to learn and to apply. Start here:
How to use the full stop
There are only two uses of the full stop (or, as the Americans call it, the period):
?to mark the end of a sentence expressing a statement (if you are unsure whether the words constitute a sentence, look for a verb which is an
essential component of a sentence) [This is a sentence with the verb
'is'.]
?to signify an acronym - [N.A.T.O. for North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (although increasingly it is acceptable and even preferable not to use
full stops in such cases)]
Note: A common mistake is to use a comma where a full stop should be used, as in the linking of statements or sentences.
How to use the question mark
There are only two uses of the question mark:
?at the end of a direct question [Do you understand this rule?]
?to show that something is uncertain (when it should be inside round brackets or parentheses) [He was born in 1886(?) and died in 1942.]
Note: A question mark should not be used at the end of an indirect question in which the speaker's exact words are not repeated.
How to use the exclamation mark
There is only one use of the exclamation mark:
?after an exclamation of surprise, shock or dismay, which is generally a short sentence or phrase expressing very strong feeling (especially one beginning with 'What' or 'How') [What a wonderful surprise!]
Note: Exclamation marks should be used sparingly and usually not at all in formal writing.
How to use the comma
The comma is used very frequently and used incorrectly almost as frequently. There are, in fact, four distinct uses of the comma:
? A listing comma is used as a kind of substitute for the word 'and' or sometimes for the word 'or' in a list when three or more words, phrases or even complete sentences are joined by the word 'and' or 'or'. [The
colours in the Union Jack flag are red, white and blue.]
? A joining comma is only slightly different from a listing comma and is used to join two complete sentences into a single sentence, when it
must be used by one of the connecting words 'and', 'or', 'nor', 'but',
'while', 'so' and 'yet'. [I could tell you the truth, but I will not.] ?The gapping comma is used to show that one or more words have been left out when the missing words would simply repeat the words already used in the same sentence. [Some English writers use punctuation
correctly; others, not.]
?The bracketing comma always comes as a pair and is used to mark off
a weak interruption of a sentence - that is, an interruption which does
not disturb the smooth flow of the sentence and could be removed and still leave the sentence complete and making good sense. [This web
site, I would suggest, contains much useful information and advice.]
Note 1: One bracketing comma will suffice if the weak interruption comes at the beginning or the end of the sentence. [Although often wet, Britain has lots of sunshine. as opposed to Britain, although often wet, has lots of sunshine.]
Note 2: The main purpose of punctuation is to aid understanding; a subsidiary purpose is to aid flow. Use joining commas and pairing commas where this aids understanding and/or flow. As a general rule, the longer the sentence or the more complex the sentence, the greater the need for commas.
Note 3: When in doubt over where to use a comma, try reading the sentence out loud and, generally speaking, commas should be used where you pause for clarification or breath.
Note 4: There is some controversy over use of something called the serial or Oxford comma which is the last comma in this example: The colours in the Union Jack flag are red, white, and blue. Generally the serial comma is not used in Britain where it is regarded as unnecessary, but it is commonly used in the United States where it is thought helpful. My preference is to use a listing comma before 'and' or 'or' only when it is necessary to make the meaning clear.
How to use the colon
The colon has two uses:
?to indicate that what follows it is an explanation or elaboration of what precedes it (the rule being that the more general statement is followed
by a more specific one) [There is one challenge above all others: the
alleviation of poverty.]
?to introduce a list [There are four nations in the United Kindom: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.]
Note: A colon is never preceded by a white space, but it is always followed by a white space, and it is never followed by a hyphen or a dash.
How to use the semicolon
The semicolon has two similar major uses:
?to join two complete sentences into a single written sentence when the two sentences are too closely related to be separately by a full stop and there is no connecting word which would require a comma such as 'and' or 'but' [It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to, than I have ever known.]
?to join two complete sentences into a single written sentence where the second sentence begins with a conjunctive adverb such as 'however',
'nevertheless', 'accordingly', 'consequently', or 'instead' [I wanted to
make my speech short; however, there was so much to cover.]
Note: In these uses, the semicolon is stronger than a comma but less final than a full stop.
There is a minor use of the semicolon:
?to separate items in a list when one or more of those items contains a comma [The speakers included: Tony Blair, the Prime Minister; Gordon Brown, the Chancellor of the Exchequer; and Ruth Kelly, Secretary of
State for Education & Skills.]
How to use the apostrophe
The apostrophe is the most misused punctuation mark in the English language by far, but this should not be the case since there are only two major uses of the apostrophe:
?to indicate a contraction which is a form of word in which one or more letters are omitted [it's instead of it is or aren't instead of are not] ?to indicate possession [Roger's web site]
Note 1: The first use of the apostrophe should usually be avoided in formal writing.
Note 2: The second use of the apostrophe involves placing the apostrophe at the end of the word when the word is plural and ends in 's' [workers' rights]. Note 3: There are three very, very common misuses of the apostrophe.
?The most frequent misuse is in writing plural forms, especially in signs and notices, but it is totally wrong to write pizza's or CD's or even in
English English 1990's (this is the usage in American English).
?The second misuse, which is almost as common, is it's instead of its to indicate possession [It's wrong to hit its head].
?The final misuse involves confusion between 'who's' which is an abbreviation of 'who is' [the man who's coming to visit] and 'whose'
which shows possession [the man whose house is over there].
How to use the hyphen
There are two main uses of the hyphen:
?in writing compound words that would be ambiguous, hard to read or excessively long [no-smoking sign and black-cab driver] ?to indicate that a long word has been broken off at the end of a line (however, this should be avoided if possible)
A minor use of the hyphen is:
?to avoid what is called letter collision {de-ice or shell-like]
How to use the dash
The dash has only one major use:
?to use in pairs to separate a strong interruption from the rest of the sentence (a strong interruption, as opposed to a weak interruption, is
one which forcefully disrupts the flow of the sentence and, as such, it
usually contains a verb rather simply being a phrase) [All nations desire econmic growth - some even achieve it - but it is easier said than done.]
Note: Only one dash is used if the strong interruption comes at the beginning or the end of the sentence. [We earnestly desire peace for all nations of the world - and we will work hard for it.]
There are several minor uses of the dash:
?to add emphasis or drama [He said that he would go - and he did.]
?to indicate a range of numbers [900-1000]
?to link two connected words [the Sydney-Melbourne train]
How to use quotation marks
There is only one use of quotation marks (or quotes, speech marks, or inverted commas, as they are often called):
?to enclose a direct quotation [Hamlet's most famous speech begins: "To be or not to be".]
Note 1: Strictly speaking, the only punctuation marks that should go inside the quotation marks are those that are part of the quotation itself. [He screamed out "Help me!" and so I went to his aid.]
Note 2: International practice varies on whether quotation marks should be double or single (I use double) but, when one has a quotation within a quotation, one uses the other type of quotation marks (in my case, single) [He told me: "Your use of the phrase 'in this day and age' is hackneyed".]
Note 3: There is a version of quotation marks known informally as scare quotes and these are used when the writer wishes to signify that the quoted word or words are odd or inappropriate or the writer wishes to express irony or even sarcasm. [Daniel was assured that he would be 'safe' in the lion's den.] Note 4: One final use of quotation marks is when one is talking about a word or phrase when one normally uses single quotation marks. [Someone I know overuses the word 'actually'.]
How to use brackets
There is one major use of brackets (or round brackets, as they are often called, or parentheses, as they are called in America)
?to use in pairs to set off a strong or weak interruption, as with a pair of dashes or a pair of bracketed commas [I knew she loved me (I was not wrong) which is why I proposed.]
Note: Round brackets are normally used instead of dashes or bracketed commas where the interruption is something of an aside from, or a supplement to, the main sentence.
There is a minor use of brackets:
?to enclose an acronym after the acronym has been spelt out [European Union (EU)]
How to use square brackets
There are two uses of square brackets (which, confusingly, Americans call simply brackets):
?to set off an interruption within a direct quotation [Churchill said of the Battle of Britain: "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few [the Royal Air Force pilots]".]
?to set off material which is extraneous to the main text, such as the examples of the usage of punctuation in this essay or comments in a
draft document which are not intended to be in the final version
How to use the ellipsis
The ellipsis (...), sometimes called the suspension or omission marks, has three uses:
?to show that some material has been omitted from a direct quotation [One of Churchill's most famous speeches declaimed: "We shall shall
fight them on the beaches ... We shall never surrender".] ?to indicate suspense [The winner is ...]
?to show that a sentence has been left unfinished because it has simply trailed off [Watch this space ...]
Note: Technically there should be three dots in an ellipsis, but I would accept two at the beginning of a piece and four at the end.
英文标点符号使用方法
英文标点符号使用方法 文章简介:英文标点符号的使用 句点(FullStop/Period，“.”)问号(QuestionMark，“,”)感叹号(ExclamationMark，“!”)逗点(Comma，“,”)冒号(Colon，“:”)分号(Semicolon，“;”)连字符(Hyphen，“-”)连接号(EnDash，“–”)破折号(EmDash，“—”)括号(Parentheses，小括号“()”;中括号“[]”;大括号“{}…英文标点符号的使用句点(FullStop/Period，“.”)问号(QuestionMark，“,”)感叹号(ExclamationMark，“!”)逗点(Comma，“,”)冒号(Colon，“:”)分号(Semicolon，“;”)连字符(Hyphen，“-”)连接号(EnDash，“–”)破折号(EmDash，“—”)括号(Parentheses，小括号“()”;中括号“[]”;大括号“{}”)引号(QuotationMarks，双引号““”;单引号“‘”)缩写及所有格符号(Apostrophe，“‘”) 一、.句点1.句点用于当一句话完全结束时。2.句点也可以用于英文单词的缩写，如Mrs.,Dr.,P.S.等。但要注意的是当缩写的字母形成了一个单词的时候就不要使用句点。如IBM,DNA等。 二、,问号问号要用在一个直接的问句，而不是间接的。如Howwillyousolvetheproblem,是正确的用法，但用在 Iwonderhowyouwillsolvetheproblem,就不对了，应该使用句点而不是问号。 另外，在客气的用语中，也是用句点而不是问号.如Willyoupleasegivemeacalltomorrow. 三、!感叹号感叹号用于感叹和惊叹的陈述中，在商业写作中要 注意感叹号的应用，因为不恰当的使用会显得突兀及不稳重。 四、;分号1.与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等的独立子句。
英语标点符号大全
中英文标点符号地读法用法大全 ⒈汉语中地某些标点符号为英语所没有. ⑴顿号（、）：顿号在汉语中起分割句子中地并列成分地作用；英语中没有顿号，分割句中地并列成分多用逗号.如：, , . 注意：类似地情况下，最后一个逗号后可加，这个逗号也可省略, (,) . ⑵书名号（《》）：英文没有书名号，书名、报刊名用斜体或者下划线表示.如： 《哈姆雷特》' ' 《冬天地童话》《纽约时报》另外，英语中文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等地名称和交通工具、航天器等地专有名词也常用斜体来表示. ⑶间隔号（?）：汉语有间隔号，用在月份和日期、音译地名和姓等需要隔开地词语地正中间，如"一二?九"、"奥黛丽?赫本（人名）"等.英语中没有汉语地间隔号，需要间隔时多用逗号. ⑷着重号：有时汉语用在文字下点实心圆点表示需要强调地词语，这些实心点就是着重号.而英语中没有这一符号，需强调某些成分时可借助文字斜体、某些强调性词汇、特殊句型、标点停顿等多种方法. ⒉英语中地某些标点符号为汉语所没有. ⑴撇号（'）：该符号主要表示①所有格，如' ' ；②数字、符号、字母或词形本身地复数，如' .; ③省略了字母、数字或单词，如'（）'（）. ⑵连字号（）：该符号主要用于以下几种情况.①复合词，如.②派生词地词缀与词根或词之间，如.③两个比分、比赛对手、地名、人名、数字之间，可视情况译为"比""对""至"等.④单词移行，把在一行写不开地单词按音节移到下一行，但必须注意：. 单音节词不移行. . 曲折变化后地词尾，如等一般不移行.. 数字、缩略词不宜移行.. 易引起歧义地词不移行，如不宜移行为.. 移行后行尾不宜只剩一个字母，如不宜移为. . 带词缀地词应在词缀和词根处移行，如移为.. 复合词在复合成分之间移行，如移为. ⑶斜线号或（）：该符号主要起分割作用，如. 也常用于标音，如. ⒊某些符号在汉英两种语言中地形式不同. ⑴中文地句号是空心圈（.），英文地句号是实心点（.）. ⑵英文地省略号是三个点（...），位置在行底；中文地为六个点（......），居于行中.在美国英语中，如果省略号恰好在句尾，就用四个点，如' ' .... ⑶英文地破折号是（），中文地是（）. 四、美国英语与英国英语在标点符号方面地细微差别 ．引号地用法：①属于引语地逗号、句号在美国英语中位于引号内，而在英国英语中多位于引号外；②引语内再套用引语时，美国英语中双引号在外单引号在内，而英国英语中地单引号在外、双引号在内. ．冒号地用法：①在小时与分钟之间，美国英语多用冒号，英国英语多用句号；②美国
英文标点符号用法
Copy from: http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/ The Comma Comma usage is in some respects a question of personal writing style: some writers use commas liberally, while others prefer to use them sparingly. Most modern North American style guides now recommend using fewer commas rather than more, so when faced with the option of using a comma or not, you may find it wise to refrain. For instance, the use of a comma before the "and" in a series is usually optional, and many writers choose to eliminate it, provided there is no danger of misreading: We bought scarves, mittens and sweaters before leaving for Iceland. (comma unnecessary before "and") We ate apples, plums, and strawberry and kiwi compote. (comma needed before "and" for clarity) Comma Usage https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa449325.html,e a comma before a co-ordinating conjunction that joins independent clauses (unless the independent clauses are very short): I wrapped the fresh fish in three layers of newspaper, but my van still smelled like trout for the next week. (commas with two independent clauses) She invited him to her party and he accepted. (comma unnecessary with short clauses) https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa449325.html,e a comma after an introductory adverb clause and, often, after an introductory phrase (unless the phrase is very short): After the hospital had completed its fund-raising campaign, an anonymous donor contributed an additional $10,000. (after introductory adverb clause) From the east wall to the west, her cottage measures twenty feet. (After introductory prepositional phrase) In the bottom drawer you will find some pink spandex tights. (no comma with short, closely related phrase) https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa449325.html,e a comma to separate items in a series: Playing in a band can be exciting, but many people do not realize the hardships involved: constant rehearsals, playing until 2 a.m., handling drunken audience
英语标点符号的用法
英语标点符号地用法 ( ) 标签：分类： 逗点： .逗点用于分隔一系列地简单内容，如, , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 .逗点用于修饰名词地多个形容词之间，如, .逗点用于连接两个较长地独立子句，而且每个句子地主语不同，如, .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 .逗点用于关联地子句之间，如’ , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 .逗点用于一个较长地修饰短语之后，如, .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.逗点用于直接引用地句子之前，如, “’ .”（注意：如果是引用比较正式地发言讲话就要用冒号，一般情况下就用逗点.）文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 如果句中含有间接引用就不需要逗点，如. 在反问句之前要使用逗点，如, ’ ？文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 分号： .与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等地独立子句.在某些情况下，使用分号比使用句点更显出子句之间地紧密联系，另外分号也经常与连接副词, , 一起使用(放在这些词语之前).如; , ’ .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 .在句子中如果已经使用过逗点，为了避免歧义地产生，就用分号来分隔相似地内容.如, ; , ; . .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 需要注意地是：一个完整地句子以大写字母开始，以句点结束.写英文时用逗点代替句点、分号、冒号或破折号叫“逗号错”，这正是中国学生所要避免地.请比较下列例句：误：, . （注意：上面句子中划横线地部分是两个不同地主语，而且逗点前后地句子是完整地单独拿出来都能代表一个完整地意思.因此，用逗号违反了英文规定，即一个句子只能有一套主干.）正：; . . . . . , . , . 误：, . 正：; . : .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 连字符： .连字号主要用于某些前缀(如: 和) 后和构成复合词.如: (前夫)（全新地）（衣着破烂地） . .
英文书写中常见十大标点符号用法详解
英文书写中常见十大标点符号用法详解 一、句点 1. 句点用于当一句话完全结束时。 2. 句点也可以用于英文单词的缩写。如：M rs. | Dr. | P.S. 等。但要注意的是当缩写 的字母形成了一个单词的时候就不要使用句点。如：IBM, DNA 等。 二、问号 问号要用在一个直接的问句，而不是间接的。 如：How will you solve the problem ?是正确的用法，但用在I wonder how you will solve the problem ?就不对了，应该使用句点而不是问号。 另外，在客气的用语中，也是用句点而不是问号。 女口：Will you please give me a call tomorrow. 三、感叹号 感叹号用于感叹和惊叹的陈述中，在商业写作中要注意感叹号的应用，因为不恰当的使用会显得突兀及不稳重。 四、分号 1. 与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等的独立子句。在某些情况下，使用分号比使用句 点更显岀子句之间的紧密联系，另外分号也经常与连接副词thus, however, therefore 一起使用（放在这些词语之前）。 女口：I realize I need exercise; however, I ' ll lie down first to think about it. 2. 在句子中如果已经使用过逗点，为了避免歧义的产生，就用分号来分隔相似的内容。 女口：The employees were Tom Hanks, the manager; Jim White, the engineer; and Dr. Jack Lee. 需要注意的是：一个完整的句子以大写字母开始，以句点结束。写英文时用逗点代替句点、分号、冒号或破折号叫逗号错”这正是中国学生所要避免的。
英文标点符号翻译中英文对照
+ plus 加号；正号 - minus 减号；负号 ±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号 ÷is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠is not equal to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 ≈is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than 大于号 ≮is not less than 不小于号 ≯is not more than 不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 % per cent 百分之… ‰per mill 千分之… ∞infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 √(square) root 平方根 ∵since; because 因为 ∴hence 所以 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 ∠angle 角 ⌒semicircle 半圆 ⊙circle 圆 ○circumference 圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle 三角形 ⊥perpendicular to 垂直于 ∪union of 并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of 总和 °degree 度 ′minute 分 ″second 秒 ℃Celsius system 摄氏度 { open brace, open curly 左花括号 } close brace, close curly 右花括号 ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号 ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses 括号 [ open bracket 左方括号 ] close bracket 右方括号 [] square brackets 方括号 . period, dot 句号，点 | vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线 & ampersand, and, reference, ref 和，引用 * asterisk, multiply, star, pointer 星号，乘号，星，指针 / slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号 // slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符 # pound 井号 \ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符 ~ tilde 波浪符 . full stop 句号 , comma 逗号 : colon 冒号 ; semicolon 分号 ? question mark 问号 ! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语) ' apostrophe 撇号 - hyphen 连字号 -- dash 破折号 ... dots/ ellipsis 省略号 " single quotation marks 单引号 "" double quotation marks 双引号 ‖ parallel 双线号 & ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号；参见号
英语标点符号大全1
中英文标点符号的读法用法大全 ⒈ 汉语中的某些标点符号为英语所没有。 ⑴ 顿号（、）：顿号在汉语中起分割句子中的并列成分的作用；英语中没有顿号，分割句中的并列成分多用逗号。如： She slowly, carefully, deliberately moved the box. 注意：类似的情况下，最后一个逗号后可加and，这个逗号也可省略--She slowly, carefully(,) and deliberately moved the box. ⑵ 书名号（《》）：英文没有书名号，书名、报刊名用斜体或者下划线表示。如： Hamlet / Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》 Winter's Tale / Winter's Tale 《冬天的童话》 The New York Times / The New York Times 《纽约时报》 另外，英语中文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称和交通工具、航天器等的专有名词也常用斜体来表示。 ⑶ 间隔号（?）：汉语有间隔号，用在月份和日期、音译的名和姓等需要隔开的词语的正中间，如"一二?九"、"奥黛丽?赫本（人名）"等。英语中没有汉语的间隔号，需要间隔时多用逗号。 ⑷ 着重号：有时汉语用在文字下点实心圆点表示需要强调的词语，这些实心点就是着重号。而英语中没有这一符号，需强调某些成分时可借助文字斜体、某些强调性词汇、特殊句型、标点停顿等多种方法。 ⒉ 英语中的某些标点符号为汉语所没有。 ⑴ 撇号--Apostrophe（'）：该符号主要表示?所有格，如Shakespear's plays / the boy's book；?数字、符号、字母或词形本身的复数，如The teacher had only four A's in his cl ass.; ?省略了字母、数字或单词，如let's（=let us）/ I've（=I have）。 ⑵ 连字号--Hyphen（-）：该符号主要用于以下几种情况。?复合词，如world- famous。?派生词的词缀与词根或词之间，如co-worker。?两个比分、比赛对手、地名、人名、数字之间，可视情况译为"比""对""至"等。?单词移行，把在一行写不开的单词按音节移到下一行，但必须注意：a. 单音节词不移行。 b. 曲折变化后的词尾，如-er/-or/-ing等一般不移行。c. 数字、缩略词不宜移行。 d. 易引起歧义的词不移行，如legend不宜移行为leg-end。 e. 移行后行尾不宜只剩一个字母，如alone不宜移为a-lone。 f. 带词缀的词应在词缀和词根处移行，如disappear移为dis-appear。 g. 复合词在复合成分之间移行，如heartsick移为heart-sick。 ⑶ 斜线号--Virgule或Slash（/）：该符号主要起分割作用，如It could be for staff and / or students. 也常用于标音，如bed /bed/。 ⒊ 某些符号在汉英两种语言中的形式不同。 ⑴ 中文的句号是空心圈（。），英文的句号是实心点（.）。
几个容易用错的英语标点符号用法
几个容易用错的英语标点符号用法 整理了一些标点符号的用法，希望能与英语爱好者一同学习、进步，同时，也欢迎大 家来补充一些有关于标点符号的用法。 I．逗号（，） 1．在并列句中，连词（and, but, or, for, so, nor, yet）的前面用逗号。 应当指出，如果两个或三个并列从句都很简短，意思又紧密相连，它们之间可以不用 连词而只用逗号： A memoir is history, it is based on evidence. 2.写日期时，如次序是月－日－年，在日和年之间加逗号。如次序是日－月－年，则 不加逗号： He was born on October 15,1983. He was born on 15 October 1983. 注意：英文中是没有顿号的，基本上可以说在中文中用顿号的地方可以用逗号取代。 II．句号（.） 1.省略词一般加句号，如：Mr. Mrs. Ms. B.A. p.m. 注意在B.A. 等词后面那个句号不要丢掉，现在有趋势在省略词后面不加句号，尤其 是在团体、通讯社和广播电台名称后面：UN NATO BBC NBC UNESCO
2.如果在一个句子后面使用省略号，后面还得加句号，即变成四个句号。 III．分号（；） 1．有些起连系作用的副词，如 however, therefore, hence, nevertheless, moreover , thus, otherwise, besides等等，不应该用作连词来联系并列从句，在它们之间应 该用分号而不是逗号。 2．如从句内已经已有标点，即使从句中有连词仍应用分号：Unfortunately, Tom couldn't come; and his absence made things difficult for us. 3. 如若干项内已有逗号，可用分号将各项分开： On the committee are quite a few well-known people; for example, Professor Zhao, Dean of the Normal College; Mr. Han, editor-in-chief of the local evening paper; Miss Xu, a popular actress; and Mr. Hu, Director of the Bureau of Culture. VI.问号（？） 1.一个文句涉及多项时，各项之后皆可打问号： Did she buy butter? milk? eggs? apples? books? 2.放在括号中的问号表示不能肯定它前面的那个词、数字或日期的准确性： The author of this strange book was born in 1078(?) and died
英文中各种标点符号的说法
.period 句号 ,comma 逗号 :colon 冒号 ;semicolon 分号 !exclamation 惊叹号 ?question mark 问号 ~hyphen 连字符 'apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 -dash 破折号 ' 'single quotation marks 单引号 " "double quotation marks 双引号 （）parenthesis 圆括号 [ ]square brackets 方括号 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号…ellipsis 省略号 ¨tandem colon 双点号 "ditto 同上 ‖parallel 双线号 /virgule 斜线号 &ersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号
→arrow 箭号；参见号 +plus 加号；正号 -minus 减号；负号 ±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号 ÷is divided by 除号 =is equal to 等于号 ≠is not equal to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号
英语中标点符号的用法大全
英语中标点符号的用法大全 1、逗号(comma) , 英文中逗号的作用和汉语是一样的。另外，逗号还使用于用who和which的定于从句。 英文中的分号和逗号是同一符号。分号隔开并列关系的单词和短语。需要注意的是，使用了分号的短语一般最后一项内容前都是用了and或者or，此时和汉语所不同的是and或or前也应该使用分号（这是最最最常犯的语法错误之一，很多英语使用者都不知道），否则有可能造成歧义。比如，猫、狗和牛应该是"cat, dog, and ox"而非"cat, dog and ox"。 2、句号(period) . 英文中的句号的作用和汉语一样。 英文中的简写符号和句号是同一符号，比如Mr.、 Ms.、etc.等等。如果句号作为简写符号使用，那么这个词语简写前后面的符号应该照常写上，因为简写号并非句号，也不遵循句号的语法。比如Entreprise Co., Ltd或者I invited Tom, Jerry, etc..（注意两个点）。
3、冒号(colon) : 英文中的冒号的作用和汉语一样。当冒号后是引用一个人说的话，也可以使用逗号。 4、分号(semi-colon) ; 英文中的分号的作用和汉语一样。需要注意的是，分号和逗号有时是可以互相交替的，比如如下的情况。 Tom met me, and later he met Joan. Tom met me; later he met Joan. 或 Tom hates cheese, but he likes butter. Tom hates cheese; he like butter, though. 当只有两个句子相并列时，分号可以和被逗号+连结词互替。但注意第二个例子里，but的转接意是需要用其他成份补充的。 5、引号(quotation mark) 英文中的引号的作用和汉语一样，可用于引用和戏虐。 引号同时可以作为书名号，但只能使用于短诗歌，短故事，短电影和歌曲上。参见下文中“斜体字”。在英国，引用原话应该使用单引号，而话中话应该使用双引号。自然，引用和戏虐应该使用单引号了。 在美国，情况恰恰相反。另外，在美国，如果后引号和一
大学英语写作标点符号用法总结
Punctuation 1.period|full stop。用于陈述句和间接疑问句中 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa449325.html,ma，①用于每一个单词，词组，或者从句后面 ②主句前面的状语要用逗号隔开 ③并列句用逗号隔开 ④在用于镶嵌句中不影响原句意义的非限定词短语分句前后 ⑤在直接引用前面用逗号隔开 3.semicolon；①分隔没有并列连词连接的两个关系紧密的独立分句 ②当连接副词连接两个独立分句分号置于连接副词前后面是逗号 ③分隔已经包含逗号的一系列项 4.colon：①在一个完整的句子后面的解释和列举 ②连接两个独立的分句第二句是对前一句的解释或总结 ③时间，比赛分数，圣经的章节以及商业的问候语 5.quotation marks“”①引号里面还有引句的时候用单引号区别 ②短的出版物加双引号（文章） ③表示特殊意义的词用双引号 6.underlining and italics（用于印刷品） 7.dash---a pair of hyphens①用于表达突然间的停止在想法里或者语调上 ②引导对之前一系列总结的从句这些名词是从句主语 ③解释前文 8.hyphen- 9.ellipsis points… 10.apostrophe’ 11.brackets［］ 12.parentheses() 13.exclamation marks! 14.question marks? 15.slash／ diction 1.definition of diction 2.level of words ①formal words a use b structure ②common words ③colloquial words ④slang words jargon and dialectal words (non-standard words) 3.the meaning of words ①denotation ②connotation
各种标点符号的英文单词
．period 句号 ，comma 逗号 ：colon 冒号 ；semicolon 分号 ！exclamation 惊叹号 ？question mark 问号 ￣hyphen 连字符 ' apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 — dash 破折号 … ?single quotation marks 单引号 “ ”double quotation marks 双引号 ( )parentheses 圆括号 [ ]square brackets 方括号 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号 ... ellipsis 省略号 ¨ tandem colon 双点号 " ditto 同上 ‖ parallel 双线号 ／virgule 斜线号 ＆ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 § section; division 分节号 → arrow 箭号；参见号 ＋plus 加号；正号 －minus 减号；负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by 乘号 ÷ is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than 大于号 ≮is not less than 不小于号 ≯is not more than 不大于号 ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ％per cent 百分之… ‰ per mill 千分之… ∞ infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 √ (square) root 平方根
英文标点符号翻译大全
英文标点符号翻译大全 + plus 加号；正号 - minus 减号；负号 ±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号 ÷is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠is not equal to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than 大于号 ≤is not less than 不小于号 ≥is not more than 不大于号 ?is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ?is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 % per cent 百分之… ‰per mill 千分之… ∞infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 √(square) root 平方根 ∵since; because 因为 ∴hence 所以 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 ∟angle 角 ?semicircle 半圆 ≦circle 圆 ○circumference 圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle 三角形 ≧perpendicular to 垂直于 ∪union of 并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of 总和 °degree 度 ′minute 分 ″second 秒 ℃Celsius system 摄氏度 { open brace, open curly 左花括号 } close brace, close curly 右花括号 ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号 ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号
英文标点符号翻译中英文对照
+plus加号；正号 -minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is more than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 %per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例 √(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例 ∠angle角 ⌒semicircle半圆 ⊙circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ⊥perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度 { open brace, open curly 左花括号 } close brace, close curly 右花括号 ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号 ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号 () brakets/ parentheses 括号[ open bracket 左方括号 ] close bracket 右方括号 [] square brackets 方括号 . period, dot 句号，点 | vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线 & ampersand, and, reference, ref 和，引用 * asterisk, multiply, star, pointer 星号，乘号，星，指针 / slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号 // slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符 # pound 井号 \ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符 ~ tilde 波浪符 . full stop 句号 , comma 逗号 : colon 冒号 ; semicolon 分号 ? question mark 问号 ! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语) ' apostrophe 撇号 - hyphen 连字号 -- dash 破折号 ... dots/ ellipsis 省略号 " single quotation marks 单引号 "" double quotation marks 双引号 ‖ parallel 双线号 & ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号；参见号
中、英文标点符号名称大全——珍藏版
学了这么多年英语了，为什么从来没有人很系统地教我们英文标点符号怎么念？+plus加号；正号 -minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号 ≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is more than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 %per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例 √(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例 ∠angle角 ?semicircle半圆 ?circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ?perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度
标点符号英文翻译大全
标点符号英文翻译大全 + plus 加号；正号 - minus 减号；负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by 乘号 ÷ is divided by 除号 ＝ is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 ≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜ is less than 小于号 ＞ is more than 大于号 ≮ is not less than 不小于号 ≯ is not more than 不大于号 ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 百分之 % per cent… 千分之 ‰ per mill… ∞ infinity 无限大号 与成比例 ∝ varies as… √ (square) root 平方根 ∵ since; because 因为 ∴ hence 所以 ∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 ∠ angle 角 ⌒ semicircle 半圆 ⊙ circle 圆 ○ circumference 圆周
π pi 圆周率 △ triangle 三角形 ⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于 ∪ union of 并，合集 ∩ intersection of 交，通集 ∫ the integral of …的积分 ∑ (sigma) summation of 总和 ° degree 度 ′ minute 分 ″ second 秒 ℃ Celsius system 摄氏度 { open brace, open curly 左花括号 } close brace, close curly 右花括号 ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号 ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号 () brakets/ parentheses 括号 [ open bracket 左方括号 ] close bracket 右方括号 [] square brackets 方括号 . period, dot 句号，点 | vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线 & ampersand, and, reference, ref 和，引用 * asterisk, multiply, star, pointer 星号，乘号，星，指针 / slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号 // slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符 # pound 井号 \ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符~ tilde 波浪符 . full stop 句号 , comma 逗号 : colon 冒号 ; semicolon 分号 ? question mark 问号 ! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语) ' apostrophe 撇号 - hyphen 连字号 -- dash 破折号
英语标点符号
英国英语和美国英语标点符号的差异 1．引号的用法：①属于引语的逗号、句号在美国英语中位于引号内，而在英国英语中多位于引号外；②引语内再套用引语时，美国英语中双引号在外单引号在内，而英国英语中的单引号在外、双引号在内。 在美国英语中，如果省略号恰好在句尾，就用四个点，如I…d like to...that is...if you don…t mind.... 2．冒号的用法：①在小时与分钟之间，美国英语多用冒号，英国英语多用句号；②美国 英语中，信件或演说词的称呼语之后用冒号，而在英国英语中多用逗号。 中英文标点符号的差异 汉语中目前使用的标点符号是参考借鉴西文的标点体系而制定的，它既保留了西文标点的 主体特征，又带有与汉语语言特点相适应的特色。因而，中英文标点符号之间存在着一定的差异。 ⒈汉语中的某些标点符号为英语所没有。 ⑴顿号（、）：顿号在汉语中起分割句子中的并列成分的作用；英语中没有顿号，分割句中的并列成分多用逗号。如： She slowly, carefully, deliberately moved the box. 注意：类似的情况下，最后一个逗号后可加and，这个逗号也可省略--She slowly, carefully(,) and deliberately moved the box. ⑵书名号（《》）：英文没有书名号，书名、报刊名用斜体或者下划线表示。如： Hamlet / Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》 Winter…s Tale / Winter…s Tale 《冬天的童话》 The New Y ork Times / The New Y ork Times 《纽约时报》 另外，英语中文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称和交通工具、航天器等的专有名词也常用斜体来表示。 ⑶间隔号（?）：汉语有间隔号，用在月份和日期、音译的名和姓等需要隔开的词语的正中 间，如"一二?九"、"奥黛丽?赫本（人名）"等。英语中没有汉语的间隔号，需要间隔时多用逗点。 ⑷着重号：有时汉语用在文字下点实心圆点表示需要强调的词语，这些实心点就是着重号。而英语中没有这一符号，需强调某些成分时可借助文字斜体、某些强调性词汇、特殊句型、标点停顿等多种方法。 ⒉英语中的某些标点符号为汉语所没有。 ⑴撇号--Apostrophe（…） ⑵连字号--Hyphen（-） ⑶斜线号—V irgule or Slash（/）：该符号主要起分割作用，如It could be for staff and / or students. 也常用于标音，如bed /bed/。 ⒊某些符号在汉英两种语言中的形式不同。 ⑴中文的句号是空心圈（。） 英文的句号是实心点（.）。