车辆工程专业英语复习资料
专业英语单词
1.3-way catalyst 三元催化转化剂
2.alternator 交流发电机
3.Anti-lock brake system防抱死系统
4.artic HGV=articulated HGV铰接式重
型载货汽车
5.articulated vehicle 铰接式车辆
6.assembly 总成
7.at right angle 成直角
8.automatic transmission
9.bearing 轴承
10.bevel gear 锥齿轮
11.bonnet 发动机盖
12.bottom dead centre 下止点
13.brake shoe 制动蹄
14.bruise 撞伤，擦伤
15.bulge 凸出，隆起
16.bumper 保险杠
17.caliper 制动钳
18.camber 弯度，车轮外倾
19.camshaft 凸轮轴
20.canister 碳罐
21.capacitor 电容器
22.carbon monoxide 一氧化碳
23.cargo 货物
24.carriageway 车行道
25.caster 主销后倾
26.centrifugal 离心力
27.charge 充电
28.chassis 底盘
29.clutch 离合器
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f115779747.html,mercial vehicle 商用车辆31.conductor 导体
32.console 托架
33.coolant 冷却剂
34.countershaft 中间轴
35.crankshaft 曲轴
36.crossply tyre 斜交轮胎
37.cross-sectional 截面的，断面的
38.curvature 弯曲，弧度
39.cylinder 气缸，柱体
40.dial 刻度盘
41.diaphragm 膜片
42.differential 差速器
43.dioxide 二氧化物
44.disc brake 盘式制动器
45.disc 圆盘
46.discharge 放电
47.DoT=D ep ar tmen t o f Transportation
运输部门
48.drawbar 牵引杆
49.driven member 从动件
50.driving member 主动件
51.driving wheel 驱动车轮
52.drum brake 鼓式制动器
53.drum 鼓，圆筒
54.dummy 模型，假人
55.dump truck 自卸载货汽车
56.dynamometer 测功机
57.electron 电子
58.engine 发动机
59.executive 经理
60.exhaust valve 排气阀
61.final drive 主传动，主减速器
62.flexible joint 万向节
63.fracture 折断，骨折
64.gear sector 齿扇
65.Hall effect 霍尔效应
66.handbrake 手制动
67.helmet 头盔，安全帽
68.HGV=Heavy Goods Vehicle
重型载货汽车
69.horn 喇叭
70.hydraulic system 液压系统
71.hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物
72.hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物
73.ignition coil 点火线圈
74.inflate 膨胀，加压
75.injector 喷油器
76.inlet valve 进气阀
77.input shaft 输入轴
78.instrument panel 仪表盘
79.intersection 交叉口
80.inversely proportional to
与……成反比
81.king pin 主销
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f115779747.html,cerationn 划破，撕裂
83.LCV=Light Commercial Vehicle
轻型商用车辆
84.LGV=Light Goods Vehicle
轻型载货汽车
85.logistics 后勤学，物流
86.lubricant 润滑剂
87.manifold 歧管，支管
88.master cylinder 主缸
89.metro 地下铁道
90.monoxide 一氧化物
91.moped 机动自行车
92.mpg=miles per gallon 英里/加仑
93.mph=miles per hour 英里/小时
94.neutral steer 中性转向
95.nose-to-tail collision 头尾相撞
96.occupant 占有者，乘员
97.off-centre 偏心的，不平衡的
98.oil filter 机油滤清器
99.oil pump 机油泵
100.output shaft 输出轴
101.oversteer 过度转向
102.overtake 超车
103.overturn 翻车
104.oxide 氧化物
105.oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物
106.pattern tread 花纹胎面
107.pessess 具有，拥有
108.piston 活塞
109.planet gear 行星齿轮
110.pneumatic 气动的
111.pollision 碰撞，冲突
112.power steering 动力转向
113.pressure plate 压盘
114.propellor shaft 传动轴
115.PSV=Passenger Single Vehicle
单体式客运车辆
116.radial tyre 子午线轮胎
117.rake pad 制动片
118.recharge 再充电
119.refrigerate 制冷
120.resurgence 苏醒，复活
121.ring gear 齿圈
122.rocker 摇臂
123.roller brake testes 滚筒制动试验台
124.rotor转子
125.shock absorber 减震器
126.shoulder 路肩
127.sill 底梁
128.slave cylinder 辅助缸
129.smooth tread 无纹胎面
130.spark plug 火花塞
131.speedometer 速度计，里程计132.sprain 扭伤
133.starter 起动机
134.stator 定子
135.steering arm 转向臂，梯形臂136.steering assembly 转向总成137.steering axis inclination 主销内倾138.steering column 转向柱
139.steering knuckle 转向节
140.steering pump转向泵
141.steering wheel 转向盘
142.sulphide 硫化物
143.sun gear 太阳轮
144.suspension 悬架
145.tachograph 转速表
146.tanker 油罐汽车
147.the moment of inertia 转动惯量148.the three way catalytic converter 三元催化转化器
149.thermostat 恒温器，节温器150.throttle 节流阀
151.tie rod 横拉杆
152.toe-in 前束
153.tolerance 公差
154.top dead centre 上止点
155.torque converter 变矩器156.torque convertor 变矩器157.torque 转矩，扭矩
158.tractor 拖拉机，牵引车159.trailer 挂车，拖车
160.transmission 传动系
161.truck deck 行李舱盖
162.turbine 涡轮（机）
163.twin wheel 双轮胎
164.understeer 不足转向
165.universal joint 万向节
166.vechicle dismantling 车辆分解167.vehicle tracking system
车辆跟踪系统
168.washer 洗涤器
169.windscreen 风窗玻璃
170.wiper 刮水器
171.wormwheel蜗轮自动变速器
专业英语句子翻译
1.Each wheel has a brake assembly, of either the
drum type or the disc type, hydraulically operated when the driver applies the foot brake pedal.每个车轮具有一个鼓式或盘式制动总成，当驾驶员踩脚制动踏板时，靠液力产生制动。
2.Flexible joints allow the rear axle and wheels to
move up and down without affecting operation.万向节使得后桥和驱动轮上下移动而不影响操作。
3.It is essentially a double-hinged joint through
which the driving shaft can transmit power to the driven shaft, even though the two shafts are somewhat out of line with each other.它实质上是一个双铰链连接，驱动轴能通过它把动力传给被动轴，尽管这两根轴并不完全在一条直线上。4.Power is transferred from the engine to the
transmission, where it is routed through different gear ratios to obtain the best speed and power to start and keep the vehicle moving.动力通过发动机传到传动系，通过它发送不同的齿轮比来获得最好的速度和动力是汽车起步和保持车辆行驶。
5.The engine crankshaft being arranged at right
angles to the rear axle. It follows that at the back axle some form of gearing must be provided to transmit the power to each of the rear wheels, and at right angles tode propeller shaft.发动机曲轴与后轴成直角，因此必须在后轴上安装某种类型的齿轮装置，以便把动力传递到其轴线与传动轴成直角的每个后轮上。
6.The main purpose of the gearbox is to provide a
selection of gear ratios between the engine and driving wheels, so that the vehicle can operate satisfactorily under all driving conditions.变速器或
变矩器的主要作用是在发动机与驱动轮间具有
一个可选择的齿轮比，以便车辆可以在各种运行
工况下满意地工作。
专业英语段落翻译
1. A quality system is one where problems,
queries, faults, and anything which could give
rise to customer dissatisfaction or
complaint ,are identified and eliminated.质量
系统是发现和消除问题，质询，缺陷和任何引起
顾客不满或抱怨的事情的系统。
2. A combination of walking , cycling and public
transport …….. on private cars , and it is less
harmful for the human and natural envinnment.结
合步行，骑自行车和公共交通，但是，可以创建
一个运输系统和基于私人汽车的系统竞争是对
人类的自然环境危害较小的
3.Although not in general used for compiling
national statstics, an alternative scale for
classifying injury is used for research purpose ,in
which injuries are usually divided into seven levels.
另一个伤害分类方法尽管一般不用作汇编国内
统计资料，但被用于研究目的，该方法把伤害划
分为7个等级。
4.Basically,an isolated car cruising down a quiet
country lane is almost harmless,The problem is
millions of cars on city streets and thoroughfares
the whole world over.基本上，一个单独的汽车在
一条香脆线路上行驶是没什么危害的。问题是整
个世界的在城市街道和大道上成千上万的汽车。
5.Cars and other motor vehicles are constructed
from a complex mix of raw materials……..Other
meta metals are also important , but to differing
degrees.汽车和其他机动车车辆是由一个复杂的
混合型原料构成的。机动机是以大量的钢铁形式
---它主要用于车身外壳，轮子，传动系统和部分
的发动机。但是在不同程度上，其他金属也很重
要。
6.Electricity is the flow of electrons. They are forced
to move by electrical pressure……and by magnetic
induction in the alternator.电是电子的波动，电子
在电压的作用下移动。电子流经贿赂的数量叫做
安倍数。在汽车中，电压的产生是通过蓄电池里
的化学作用和交流发电机里的磁感应。
7.Every vehicle must have a parking brake system to
prevent at least two wheels from turning when it
is not being driven.每辆车必须具有停车制动系
统，当不驱动时，至少防止两个车轮转动。
8.Fuel consumption is substantially related to the
type of vehicle, its power unit and drive line, its
mechanical condition, the use to which it is put
and how it is driven.燃油消耗实际上与汽车类
型，动力装置和传动系统，机械状况，用途和驾
驶方法有关。
9.In order to transmit the power of the engine to
the road wheels of a motor car,a drivetrain is
normally employed. Although the details of the
drivetrains vary widely in different types of
cars,the general principles are the same in all
cases.为了将汽车的动力传递到轮胎上，通常会
设置一个动力传动系统，即使传动系统在不同的
车型上在细节方面有着广泛的不同，但是原理是
基本相同的。
10.It is clear that motor industry has a huge impact
on the environment-not only ……. On the motor
vehicle partly or wholly for their existence很明
显，汽车工业对环境有巨大的影响，不仅它本身
通过其他产品和排放从自己工厂生产的废品，但
由于工业依赖于部分或全部的机动车而存在。11.It is essential that vehicles arrive at the test of a
vehicle can mean cancellation of the test and the fee will be forfetted unless an aueptable reason citing”exceptional circumstances”is put forward.
至关重要的是，汽车在约定的时间到达测试站。
迟到或未到意味着取消检测，若不能提出在“例
外情况”中列举的可接受的原因，则将被罚税。
12.It is not possible to compare directly the amount
of emissions put out by, ……. Ways and the results geven in different units.直接比较由一辆汽油一
辆柴油公共汽车产生的排放量是不可能的，因为
它们的发动机排放量的检测采用方法是不同的
方法，试验结果所用单位也不同。
13.It is that to allow the engine to continue running
when the vehicle comes to a stop.当车辆停止时，允许引擎继续运行。
14.It is this combimation of factors that has led to the
resurgence of interest in Light Rail.正是许多因素
的综合导致了轻轨行业的复活。
15.Most goods vehicles are required to be tested
annually …….。In particular, this annual inspection is intended to determine whether vehicles and trailers meet the standards specified in the Road Vehicles(Construction and Use) Regulations 1986(as amended)大多数商品车辆每年需要进行
测试，以确保它们在路上的操作是安全的和机械
条件符合相关法律要求。特别是，这个年度检查
是为了确定汽车和拖车是否符合指定的1986年
在道路车辆法规的标准。
16.Once a goods vehicle or trailer has been built and
put into service, it is the operator as the vehicle
user who must then ensure that it complies fully
with the law regarding its construction and use
when on the road.一旦一辆载货汽车或拖车被制
造并投入使用，当其在道路上时，作为汽车使用
者的驾驶人员必须确保其完全符合于结构和使
用的法规。
17.One example of the way that ……and locking the
sun gear so that it can’t move.使用该系统使用方
法的一个例子是接合齿圈与发动机输入轴，结合
行星支座与输出轴，并锁止太阳齿轮使之不能转
动。
18.Protective measures for car occupant are of two
kinds: which restrain and control the movement of
the occupants, bringing his body to rest by
applying as little force as possible and preventing
impacts with the interior of the car, and to the
construction of the car.对汽车乘员的保护措施有
两类；1.通过施加尽可能小的作用力，限制和控
制乘员的运动，从而防止其与汽车内部碰撞的装
置；2.汽车结构上的改造。
19.Stiff tyres at the front and soft ones at the
rear or a center of gravity too far to the rear
result in oversteer ,so that the rear tends to
swing round in cornering, with possible
instability in cornering or manoeuvring.刚性大
的轮胎装在前轮，刚性小的轮胎装在后轮，或重
心离后轮太远导致过多转向，在转弯时后轮易于
滑转，在转弯操作时可能失去稳定。
20.Such legislation will provide a tremendous boost
for alternative technologies , …………, of their
internal combustion counterparts.这样的立法将
提供一个代替技术的巨大推进，例如电动汽车，
否则不会介绍了吗。然而，电动汽车不是灵丹妙
药，因为它们的广泛使用将要求运输基础设施及
安全法规的变更；并且，到目前为止，电动汽车
还不具备有与之相对应的内燃机所具有的性能
和品种
21.The brakes function by absorbing in friction the
energy possessed by the moving so doing they
convert the energy into heat.制动器通过摩擦的
形式吸收运动车辆所具有的能量而起作用，并把
这些能量转化为热能。
22.The braking system on a vehicle has three main
functions. ……; it must be able to stop the car in as
short distance as possible; it must be able to hold
the vehicle stationary. The braking action is
achieved as a result of the friction developed by
forcing a stationary surface into contact with a
rotating surface.汽车的刹车系统主要有三个作
用必要时，能够减速；能使汽车在尽可能短的距
离停止；能够使汽车固定。刹车行为能够实现的
原因是一个固定表面和它接触的滑动表面产生
的摩擦力。
23.The difference with a torque converter is that
instead of using air,it uses oil or trainsmission
fluid,to be more precise.变矩器的不同在于，它采
用机油或变速器油使之更为精确。
24.The engine is a self-contained power unit which
converts the heat energy of fuel into mechanical
energy for moving the vehicle. ……。The burning
of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cylinder pressure
which is converted to useful mechanical energy by
the piston and crank-shaft.发动机是一个将燃料
的热能转变为机械能来驱动汽车的独立的动力
模块。发动机被称为内燃机是因为燃料在内部被
燃烧。在内燃机中，一股空气燃料混合气被吸入
到一个封闭的气缸，在那里，它被压缩并点燃。
燃烧的燃料产生一种迅速升高的气缸压力通过
活塞和曲轴转变为有用的机械能。
25.The front wheels are arranged at various angles to
the car frame provide good steering control and stability.前轮被安排在不同的角度对车架提供良
好的转向控制和稳定
26.The fuel may be ignited either by a spark or by
compression gaving rise to classifications of sparking-ignition and compression-ignition engines.燃油可以由火花或者通过压缩点燃，从
而产生火花点燃式和压燃式两种类型的发动机。
27.The moderm automatic transmission cosists of
many……individuals consider to be an art form.
自动变速器由许多部件和机构构成，它们在一个
智能化机-电-液系统中协调工作，经过许多年的
发展，许多热衷于机械的人认为该系统已经发展
成为艺术产品。
28.The modern automatic transmission is by far,the
most complicated mechanical component in today’s transmissions contain mechanical systems,hydraulic systems,electrical systems and computer controls,all working together in perfect harmony which goes virtually unnoticed until there is a problem. 现代的自动变速器在迄今为
止的自动汽车中具有最复杂的结构。自动变速器
控制机械系统、液压系统、电气系统和计算机控
制系统使其完美配合工作
29.The most general characteristics of roads are their
widths in terms of numbers of lanes ,whether opposing carriageways are separated ,other cross-sectional characteristics, and their horizontal vertical curvatures.道路最一般的特征为它们的
宽度及车道数，反向车道是否分隔，其他横断面
特征，平曲率和纵曲率。
30.The most important types of accident from the
point of view of injury are first , ……, comprising
frontal collisions with rigid objects in single vehicle
accidents, frontal or rear-end collisions with other
vehicles, ……; second, side impacts mainly at
intersections;and third, overturning.从伤害的观
点看，最重要的事故类型首先是导致正面碰撞的
事故，包括与固定物碰撞的单车事故，与其他车
辆的正面或追尾碰撞和在交叉口与其他车辆的
碰撞；其次为主要发生在交叉口的侧面碰撞；再
次为倾翻。
31.The power steering gear also uses a control valve
to send hydraulic fluid into the steering gear at the
right time……into the main chamber of the
steering gear.动力转向装置还能使用一个控制阀
将液压油传递到.在正确的时间传递给转向齿
轮。当转向盘开始向某个方向转动时，阀门通道
开启，把液压油输送到转向装置的主室。
32.There are two types of brakes,the drum brake and
disc or both types may be where both types
are used it is usual for the disc brakes to be fitted
to the front wheels有两种刹车类型，盘式制动和
鼓式制动。或者两种都会安装，但在使用两种类
型制动器的车上，盘式制动器通常安装在前轮。
33.To investigate the environmental impact of
motorized transport we have identified three
different areas of activity in the life of a car: car
production, car use and car disposal or recycling.
对于交通工具对环境影响的调查，我们已经提出
了一个整车寿命中三种不同的活动范围：汽车生
产，使用，处理或回收。
34.Today’s average car contains more than 15,000
separate, individual parts that must work together.
These parts can be grouped into four major
categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical
equipment.现今平均每辆汽车包含超过15,000
个不同、单独的但必须一起工作的部分。这些部
分能够被分为四个主要类别：发动机、车身、底
盘和电子设备。
35.Vehicles must not stop on motorways except
through mechanical defect or lack of fuel , water
or oil, due to an accident, the illness of a person in
the vehicle or for other emergency
situation(……),to permit a person from the vehicle
to recover or remove objects from the carriageway.
除了由于机械故障或缺乏燃油，水或润滑油，由
于事故，车内人员生病或其他紧急情况（包括在
紧急情况下为他人提供帮助），以及为了下车搬
去车行道上的物体外，车辆不应停在高速公路
上。
36.While the search for and research into acceptable
alternative fuels and power units goes on , it is
important to take steps to minimize consumption
of our present fuel supplies.而寻找和研究可接受
的替代燃料和动力单元仍在继续，重要的是要采
取措施减少我们目前的燃料供应消费。
37.Women failed to see hazards more
frequently,were less skilful and less able to
execute difficult manoeuvres , …... , overtake
improperly and be under the influence of alcohol.
妇女不能看到危险的情况较多，较不熟练，进行
困难操作的能力不足；而男子则更可能会超速行
驶和不恰当的超车，且易受酒精影响。
车辆工程专业英语概述
The Principal Components Of Automotive 张可可2013210612 The Principal Components Of Automotive contains the body, the engine , the chassis , the power train system, the steering system, the suspension system and wheels , the braking system and the electrical and electronic system. 1 The body An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood and a trunk deck built into it.It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers and cargo. It is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. 2 The engine The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines. the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train.
车辆工程汽车离合器的外文文献翻译
经典文档下载后可编辑复制 湖北文理学院 毕业设计(论文)英文翻译 题目有限元热分析的陶瓷离合器 专业车辆工程 班级Xxx 姓名Xxxx 学号2010138xx 指导教师 职称Xxx 副教授 2014年2月25日
Fethermal analysis of a ceramic clutch 1. Introduction Abrasive dry running vehicle clutches are force closure couplings. Torque and speed transmission are ensured by the frictional force generated between two pressed surfaces. Reasons for the application of ceramic as a friction medium include good heat and wear resistance properties, which provide the opportunity to drive higher pressures, and a low density. Thus, an increasing power density is enabled with a parallel minimization of construction space. Measurements with a first prototype of a clutch disk using ceramic facings were performed at Karlsruhe University in a laboratory specialized in passenger car drive system testing. In the course of analysis the finite element (FE) model was to be constructed with the knowledge of measurement data and measurement conditions. Calculations were intended to determine the temperature distribution of the clutch disk and its environment at each moment in time corresponding to measurements. It is essential to be familiar with the temperature range in order to examine the wear characteristics of the system. Thus, important information is derived from measurement data. In critical load cases, the highest expected temperatures must be forecast in space and time in order to protect measuring instruments close to the location of heat generation. The goal of this study is to analyze and modify the clutch system to provide better operating conditions by improving the heat conduction and convection of the system or to increase the amount of the energy converted into frictional heat. Furthermore, it is desired to find better design solutions for more efficient clutch systems. Calculations were performed by the Cosmos Design Star software. During model development, great care had to be taken for proper simplification of geometry, the selection of element sizes, and the correct adjustment of time steps due to the substantial hardware requirements for transient calculations. Changes in thermal parameters such as the surface heat convection coefficient and thermal load had to be taken into consideration on an on-going basis in terms of time and location. The two sides of the analyzed test clutch system can only be managed by two independent models linked by heat partition,
车辆英语词汇
车辆英语词汇 车辆英语词汇.txt铁饭碗的真实含义不是在一个地方吃一辈子饭，而是一辈子到哪儿都有饭吃。就算是一坨屎，也有遇见屎壳郎的那天。所以你大可不必为今天的自己有太多担忧。1 铁道车辆;铁路车辆Railway vehicle;RAILWAY CAR 2 客车Passenger car;CARRIAGE;COACH 3 高速客车High-speed passenger car 4 双层客车Double deck coach;DOUBLE DECK PASSENGER CAR;BI-LEVEL COACH 5 低重心客车Low floor coach 6 关节客车;关节式客车Articulated passenger car;ARTICULATED COACH 7 座席车Seating car 8 软座车Cushioned seat car;CUSHIONED-SEAT COACH;UPHOLSTERED-SEAT COACH 9 硬座车Hard seat coach;SEMI-CUSHIONED SEAT COACH 10 卧铺车Sleeping car 11 软卧车Cushioned berth sleeping car;UPHOLSTERED COUCHETTE 12 硬卧车Semi-cushioned sleeping car;SEMI-CUSHIONED BERTH SLEEPING CAR;SEMI-CUSHIONED COUCHETTE 13 坐卧两用车Coach with reclining seat 14 公务车Service car;OFFICER'S CAR 15 旅游车Tourist car 16 酒吧车Bar car;BUFFET CAR 17 餐车Dining car 18 行李车Baggage car;LUGGAGE VAN 19 邮政车Postal car;MAIL VAN 20 货车Freight car;Wagon 21 长大货车Oversize commodity car 22 高速货车High-speed wagon 23 低重心货车Low deck wagon 24 大轴重货车Heavy axle-load wagon 25 关节货车;关节式货车Articulated wagon;ARTICULATED FREIGHT CAR 26 多层货车Multi-level wagon 27 多轴车Multiaxle truck;MULTI-AXLE CAR 28 专用货车Special wagon;SPECIAL-PURPOSE FREIGHT CAR 29 棚车Box car;COVERED GOODS WAGON 30 活顶棚车Wagon with sliding roof;SLIDING ROOF BOX CAR;SLIDING ROOF GOODS VAN 31 活墙棚车Sliding side wall box car;SLIDING SIDE BOX CAR 32 双层棚车Double deck box car 33 敞车Gondola car;Open car;OPEN GOODS WAGON
汽车制动系统(机械、车辆工程毕业论文英文文献及翻译)
Automobile Brake System汽车制动系统 The braking system is the most important system in cars. If the brakes fail, the result can be disastrous. Brakes are actually energy conversion devices, which convert the kinetic energy (momentum) of the vehicle into thermal energy (heat).When stepping on the brakes, the driver commands a stopping force ten times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion. The braking system can exert thousands of pounds of pressure on each of the four brakes. Two complete independent braking systems are used on the car. They are the service brake and the parking brake. The service brake acts to slow, stop, or hold the vehicle during normal driving. They are foot-operated by the driver depressing and releasing the brake pedal. The primary purpose of the brake is to hold the vehicle stationary while it is unattended. The parking brake is mechanically operated by when a separate parking brake foot pedal or hand lever is set. The brake system is composed of the following basic components: the “master cylinder” which is located under the hood, and is directly connected to the brake pedal, converts driver foot’s mechanical pressure into hydraulic pressure. Steel “brake lines” and flexible “brake hoses” connect the master cylinder to the “slave cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid, specially designed to work in extreme conditions, fills the system. “Shoes” and “pads” are pushed by the slave cylinders to contact the “drums” and “rotors” thus causing drag, which (hopefully) slows the c ar. The typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brakes in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder (Figure). Basically, all car brakes are friction brakes. When the driver applies the brake, the control device forces brake shoes, or pads, against the rotating brake drum or disks at wheel. Friction between the shoes or pads and the drums or disks then slows or stops the wheel so that the car is braked.
轨道交通专业英语词汇整理
assistant line辅助线 automatic fare collection自动售检票设备 automatic train control(ATC)列车自动控制 automatic train operation(ATO)列车自动运行 automatic train protection(ATP)列车自动防护 automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动监控 AW0空载 AW1每位乘客都有座位 AW2每平方米6人 broken rail force of seamless track无缝线路断轨力 Building Automation System建筑设备自动化系统 centralized power supply mode集中式供电 centralized traffic control(CTC)调度集中 close made operation闭式运行(主要靠人工空调系统，并装风帘和屏蔽门来隔绝外界) combined power supply mode混合式供电 combined sewer system合流制排放 combined substation牵引降压混合变电所 computed length of platform站台计算长度 concentration supervisory control and management集中监控和管理 connecting line联络线(在不同线路之间起连接作用的线，就叫联络线（即地铁线路之间的联络线和地铁与国铁的联络线） cover and cut-bottom up盖挖顺筑法 cover and cut-top down盖挖逆筑法 cut and cover明挖法 deformation joint变形缝 depot车辆段
车辆工程专业英语
UNIT 5 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM 燃油喷射系统 Fuel injection systems have been used on vehicles for many years. The earliest ones were purely mechanical. As technology advanced, electronic fuel injection systems became more popular. Early mechanical and electronic fuel injection systems did not use feedback controls. As emissions became more of a concern, feedback controls were adapted to both types of fuel injection systems. feedback control 反馈控制 As emissions became more of a concern 随着排放越来越受到关注 were adapted to 被应用于 Both mechanical and electronic fuel injection systems can be found on gasoline engines. Diesel engines are most commonly found with mechanical type systems, although the newest generations of these engines have been using electronic fuel injection(EFI) . gasoline engines 汽油发动机 diesel engines 柴油发动机 newest generations of 最新的 5.1 Basic Theory EFI uses solenoid valves called injectors to meter fuel delivery. Most vehicles today use 1 injector per cylinder. When the solenoid is energized, fuel sprays out into the valve port. Fuel is delivered to the injector by a high-pressure electric pump at around 40 psi. Fuel delivery is controlled by the injectors which are cycled by the computer. The computer produces a signal to open the injectors for a certain length of time depending on engine conditions relayed by sensors. The longer that the injector is open, the more fuel is injected. As engine load and rpm are increased, the injector open times are increased to match increasing airflow. This computer output signal is called the injector pulse width. The longer the pulse width, the more fuel is injected. solenoid valves 电磁阀 injector 喷油嘴，喷油器，喷射器 fuel delivery 燃油输送，燃油供给 is energized v. 使通电,供能, 激发，加强adj. 通电的，激励的,增能的energized line 带电电路，带电线路 valve port 阀口，喷油嘴 psi [psai] 每平方英寸….磅=pounds per square inch are cycled by 周期性控制 engine conditions relayed by sensors 传感器传送/输送回来的信号体现的发动机工作状况，简单的说，即：传感器信号体现的发动机工作状况 injector pulse width 喷油器脉冲宽度 5.3 Fuel System 5.4 Air Metering and Measurement 5.5 Most EFI systems measure the same basic 6 input
2019年车辆工程专业毕业论文_外文翻译1.doc
Drive force control of a parallel-series hybrid system Abstract Since each component of a hybrid system has its own limit of performance, the vehicle power depends on the weakest component. So it is necessary to design the balance of the components. The vehicle must be controlled to operate within the performance range of all the components. We designed the specifications of each component backward from the required drive force. In this paper we describe a control method for the motor torque to avoid damage to the battery, when the battery is at a low state of charge. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. and Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction In recent years, vehicles with internal combustion engines have increasingly played an important role as a means of transportation, and are contributing much to the development of society. However, vehicle emissions contribute to air pollution and possibly even global warming, which require effective countermeasures. Various developments are being made to reduce these emissions, but no further large improvements can be expected from merely improving the current engines and transmissions. Thus, great expectations are being placed on the development of electric, hybrid and natural gas-driven vehicles. Judging from currently applicable technologies, and the currently installed infrastructure of gasoline stations, inspection and service facilities, the hybrid vehicle, driven by the combination of gasoline engine and electric motor, is considered to be one of the most realistic solutions. Generally speaking, hybrid systems are classified as series or parallel systems. At Toyota, we have developed the Toyota Hybrid System (hereinafter referred to as the THS) by combining the advantages of both systems. In this sense the THS could be classified as a parallel-series type of system. Since the THS constantly optimizes engine operation, emissions are cleaner and better fuel economy can be achieved. During braking, Kinetic energy is recovered by the motor, thereby reducing fuel consumption and subsequent CO 2 emissions. Emissions and fuel economy are greatly improved by using the THS for the power train system. However, the THS incorporates engine, motor, battery and other components, each of which has its own particular capability. In other words, the driving force must be generated within the limits of each respective component. In particular, since the battery output varies greatly depending on its level of charge, the driving force has to be controlled with this in mind. This report clarifies the performance required of the respective THS components based on the driving force necessary for a vehicle. The method of controlling the driving force, both when the battery has high and low charge, is also described. 2. Toyota hybrid system (THS) [1,2] As Fig. 1 shows, the THS is made up of a hybrid transmission, engine and battery. 2.1. Hybrid transmission The transmission consists of motor, generator, power split device and reduction gear. The power split device is a planetary gear. Sun gear, ring gear and planetary carrier are directly connected to generator, motor and engine, respectively. The ring gear is also connected to the reduction gear. Thus, engine power is split into the generator and the driving wheels. With this type of mechanism, the
铁路专业英文词汇
铁路专业词汇 一、铁路；铁道 railway railroad 铁路线 railway line； railroad line 铁路网 railway network； railroad network 铁道科学 railway science 铁路技术 railway technology 铁路等级 railway classification 国有铁路 national railway； state railway 地方铁路 local railway； regional railway 私有铁路 private railway 合资铁路 joint investment railway； jointly owned railway 标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway 窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway 米轨铁路 meter-gage railway 宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway 单线铁路 single track railway 双线铁路 double track railway 多线铁路 multiple track railway 重载铁路 heavy haul railway 高速铁路 high speed railway 电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway；electric railway 干线铁路 main line railway； trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway 地下铁道；地铁 subway； metro； underground railway 工业企业铁路 industry railway 矿山铁路 mine railway 轻轨铁路 light railway； light rail 高架铁路 elevated railway 单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway 磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev 森林铁路 forest railway 山区铁路 mountain railway 既有铁路 existing railway 新建铁路 newly-built railway 改建铁路 reconstructed railway 运营铁路 railway in operation； operation；operating railway 专用铁路 special purpose railway 干线 trunk line； main line 支线 branch line 铁路专用线 railway special line 货运专线 railway line for freight traffic；freight special line； freight traffic only line 客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line； passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic 铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of railway； operating distance； revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram 铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section 区段 district 轨距 rail gage； rail gauge 轮重 wheel load 轴重 axle load 最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load 限制轴重 axle load limited 限界 clearance； gauge 限界图 clearance diagram 铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance； structure clearance for railway；
载重汽车变速箱外文文献翻译、汽车车辆工程中英文翻译、外文翻译
附录一：文献翻译 载重汽车变速箱 变速箱主要指的是汽车的变速箱，它分为手动、自动两种，手动变速箱主要由齿轮和轴组成，通过不同的齿轮组合产生变速变矩；而自动变速箱AT是由液力变扭器、行星齿轮和液压操纵系统组成，通过液力传递和齿轮组合的方式来达到变速变矩。功能为：一、改变传动比；二、在发动机旋转方向不变情况下，使汽车能倒退行驶；三、利用空挡，中断动力传递，以发动机能够起动、怠速，并便于变速器换档或进行动力输出。 手动变速箱主要由齿轮和轴组成，通过不同的齿轮组合产生变速变矩；而自动变速箱AT是由液力变扭器、行星齿轮和液压操纵系统组成，通过液力传递和齿轮组合的方式来达到变速变矩。 其中液力变扭器是AT最具特点的部件，它由泵轮、涡轮和导轮等构件组成，直接输入发动机动力传递扭矩和离合作用。泵轮和涡轮是一对工作组合，它们就好似相对放置的两台风扇，一台主动风扇吹出的风力会带动另一台被动风扇的叶片旋转，流动的空气——风力成了动能传递的媒介。如果用液体代替空气成为传递动能的媒介，泵轮就会通过液体带动涡轮旋转，再在泵轮和涡轮之间加上导轮以提高液体的传递效率。由于液力变矩器自动变速变矩范围不够大且效率偏 手动变速器（MT） 手动变速器，也称手动挡，即用手拨动变速杆才能改变变速器内的齿轮啮合位置，改变传动比，从而达到变速的目的。踩下离合时，方可拨得动变速杆。如果驾驶者技术好，装手动变速器的汽车在加速、超车时比自动变速车快，也省油。 自动变速器（AT） 自动变速器，利用行星齿轮机构进行变速，它能根据油门踏板程度和车速变化，自动地进行变速。而驾驶者只需操纵加速踏板控制车速即可。 一般来讲，汽车上常用的自动变速器有以下几种类型：液力自动变速器、液压传动自动变速器、电力传动自动变速器、有级式机械自动变速器和无级式机械自动变速器等。其中，最常见的是液力自动变速器。液力自动变速器主要是由液压控制的齿轮变速系统构成，主要包含自动离合器和自动变速器两大部分。它能够根据油门的开度和车速的变化，自动地进行换挡。 无级变速器（CVT） 无级变速器是由两组变速轮盘和一条传动带组成的。 因此，其比传统自动变速器结构简单，体积更小。另外，它可以自由改变传动比，从而实现全程无级变速，使汽车的车速变化平稳，没有传统变速器换挡时那种“顿”的感觉。 无级变速器属于自动变速器的一种，但它能克服普通自动变速器“突然换挡”、油门反应慢、油耗高等缺点。 变速器是法国雷诺(Renault)发明的 普通自动变速箱 优点：使驾驶轻松惬意 缺点：不够智能，相对费油，不利于改装 普通自动变速箱是自动挡车普遍使用的变速箱形式，它的简称AT（全称是Auto
汽车专业英语词汇
汽车专业英语词汇 汽车automobile 拖拉机tractor 铁路机车locomotive 有轨电车tram 无轨电车trolley 军用车辆military vehicle 蒸汽机steam engine 煤气机gas engine 汽油机gasoline engine 国民经济national economy 国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down 半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down 改革开放reform and opening 技术引进technical import 国产化localization 支柱产业pillar estate 轿车car 客车bus, coach 货车truck, lorry 公路用车road vehicle 非公路用车off-road vehicle 发动机engine 机体engine body 曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构valve timing mechanism 供给系fuel supply system 冷却系cooling system 润滑系lubricating system 点火系ignition system 起动系starting system 底盘chassis 传动系power train 离合器clutch 变速器gear box 传动轴propeller shaft 驱动桥drive axle
行驶系running gear 车架frame 悬架suspension 前轴front axle 桥壳axle housing 车轮wheel 转向系steering system 转向盘steering wheel 转向器steering gear 转向传动装置steering linkage 助力装置power assisting device 制动系braking system 控制装置control device 供能装置power supply device 传动装置transfer device 制动器brake 车身body 车前板制件front end panels 车身壳体body shell 车门door 车窗window 附属装置auxiliary device 货箱carrying platform 发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive 发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive 发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive 发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(AWD) all wheel drive 驱动力tractive force 阻力resistance 滚动阻力rolling resistance 空气阻力air resistance, drag 上坡阻力gradient resistance 附着作用adhesion 附着力adhesive force 附着系数coefficient of adhesion 第一章发动机工作原理
车辆工程机动车离合器的外文文献翻译
湖北文理学院 毕业设计(论文)英文翻译 题目有限元热分析的陶瓷离合器 专业车辆工程 班级Xxx 姓名Xxxx 学号2010138xx 指导教师 职称Xxx 副教授
2014年2月25日
Fethermal analysis of a ceramic clutch 1. Introduction Abrasive dry running vehicle clutches are force closure couplings. Torque and speed transmission are ensured by the frictional force generated between two pressed surfaces. Reasons for the application of ceramic as a friction medium include good heat and wear resistance properties, which provide the opportunity to drive higher pressures, and a low density. Thus, an increasing power density is enabled with a parallel minimization of construction space. Measurements with a first prototype of a clutch disk using ceramic facings were performed at Karlsruhe University in a laboratory specialized in passenger car drive system testing. In the course of analysis the finite element (FE) model was to be constructed with the knowledge of measurement data and measurement conditions. Calculations were intended to determine the temperature distribution of the clutch disk and its environment at each moment in time corresponding to measurements. It is essential to be familiar with the temperature range in order to examine the wear characteristics of the system. Thus, important information is derived from measurement data. In critical load cases, the highest expected temperatures must be forecast in space and time in order to protect measuring instruments close to the location of heat generation. The goal of this study is to analyze and modify the clutch system to