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高中英语语法句子成分分析word版

高中英语语法句子成分分析 word

英语句子成分分析和句子结构分析(语法高手必备)英语句子成分分析

(一)句子成分的定义:

构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有要紧成分和次要成分(一样共九中成分);

要紧成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。

(二)主语:

主语 (Subject)

是一个句子所叙述的主体,一样位于句首。(但在 there be 结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。)

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、和主语从句等表示。例如:(请画出主语)

Three plus two is five. It is a great pleasure to swim in the river

Smoking does harm to the health. There are many students in my class.

Are you a student? Here comes the bus.

He can do it and so can I. Who will attend the meeting has not been de cided. (主语从句)

(三)谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特点和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一样放在主语

之后。谓语的构成如下:

1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:

He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.

2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.

(2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.

谓语表达时态和语态。•时态

(与非谓语比较)语态

现在时:

一样现在时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时:

Is /am/are+---或doe s/do

Is/am/are+doing

Has/have +done

Has/have+been+doi ng

Is/am/are+

Is /am/are+being+ Has/have+been+

现在完成进行时:

过去时:

一样过去时: Was/were+---或did

过去进行时: Was/were+doing

过去完成时:Had+done

过去今后时:Would/should+d o

Was/were+ Was/were+being+

Had+been+

Would/shoul d+be+

done

今后时:一样今后时:

Shall/will+do Shall/will+be+

今后进行时:Shall/will+be+doing

今后完成时: Shall/will+have+don e

----------------------- Shall/will+have+been +

非谓语动

to do

to have d one to be doin g to be done

to have been done doing

having done done being done having been done

主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√

分词现在√√√√

过去√√√√

亲:找出非谓语动词并分析其成分吧!

1. She found the door closed.

2. Having been told many times, he made the same mistake.

3. Given more time, we could do it much better.

4. Walking on the street, he came across his former teacher.

5. The meeting being held is very important.

6. A big fire broke out in a shop, causing 100 deaths.

(四)表语

表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特点、状态与身份,它一样位

于系动词(如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等)之后。

表语一样由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、动词 ing、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如:

1. The weather has turned cold.

2. The speech is exciting.

(五)宾语

宾语(Object)表示动作的对象或承担者,一样位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:(请画出宾语)

1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.

2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.

3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.

5. He pretended not to see me.

6. I enjoy listening to popular music.

7. I think(that)he is fit for his office.

(六)宾语补足语

英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直截了当宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语(Object Complement),才能使句子的意义完整。

带有宾语补足语的一样句型为:某些及物动词(如 make 等)+宾语+宾补)。

宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:(请画出宾语补足语)

1. His father named him Dongming.

2. They painted their boat white.

3. Let the fresh air in.

4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to yo u.

5. We saw her entering the room.

6. We often hear the song sung by him.

7. We found everything in the lab in good order.

8. We will soon make our city what your city is now.

(七)定语

修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。定语可由以下等成分表示:(请画出定语)

1. Guilin is a beautiful city.

2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.

3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.

4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.

5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.

6. He is reading an article about how to learn English.

7. Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we are walking skeletons.

(八)状语

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特点的句子成分,叫做状语(Adverbial)。可由以下形式表示:(请画出状语部分吧)

1. Light travels most quickly.

2. He has lived in the city for ten years.

3. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.

4. He is in the room making a model plane.

5. Once you begin, you must continue.

9 种状语种类如下:

1. How about meeting again at six?

2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.

3. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.

4. Mr Smith lives on the third floor.

5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care.

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.

6. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.

In order that he can catch with the others

7. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.

8. She works very hard though she is old.

9. I am taller than he is.

(九)同位语(Appositive)对前面的名词或代词做进一步的说明,通常由名词、数词、代词或从句担任,如:

(请画出同位语)

1. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.

2. Many students, about 60, are in my class.

3. The fact that our team won the game has been known to all.

(十)插入语(Parenthesis)对一句话做一些附加的说明,通常有 to be h onest , I think (suppose, believe---)等,

如To be frank, I don’t quite agree with you.

句子成分详解图:

练习(一).指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!

5. They went hunting together early in the morning.

6. His job is to train swimmers.

7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

8. There is going to be an American film tonight.

9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

10. His wish is to become a scientist.

11. He managed to finish the work in time.

12. Tom came to ask me for advice.

13. He found it important to master English.

14. Do you have anything else to say?

15. To be honest,your pronunciation is not so good.

16. Would you please tell me your address?

17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

19. He noticed a man enter the room.

20. The apples tasted sweet.

二.英语句子结构分析

通常,我们能够从两个不同的角度对句子进行分类:一是按句子的结构;二是按句子的用途。

1.假如按照句子的结构分类,英文句子可分为三个类别:简单句(Simple Sentence),并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。那个地点所说的结构,要紧是指句子中主语和谓语之间所构成的关系。

①简单句

S+V(主+谓) S+V+P(主+谓+表) S+V+O(主+谓+宾) S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)

②并列句 and, but, or,so

③复合句:定语从句名词从句(宾,主,表,同)状语从句一.简单句(五种差不多句型)

简单句是含有主语或并列主语和谓语或并列谓语的句子。

I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。

Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜爱网上谈天。

Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。

I like chatting online.我喜爱网上谈天。

Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上谈天给我带来专门多乐趣。

We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君子叫网虫。

二.并列句是由 and, but, or, for 等并列连词把两个或两个以上意义有关的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结

构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。要想真正、全面把握并列句,就让我们一起倾听它的“四重奏”吧!

1 联合并列句

并列连词:and(和、同时), 其中 and 意为“和、又、而”,表示动作先后等,not only...but also...(不但……而且……)。

Jim finished his homework and he went to bed. 吉姆写完作业,就上床睡觉了。

Not only I come to school early, but also my teacher does. 不但我到校早,而且我的老师也是如此。

2 选择并列句

并列连词:or(或者;否则,要不然),either...or...(或者……或者……),neither... n or...(既不……又不……)等。

You must tell the truth, or you will be punished. 你必须说真话,否则你将会受到惩处。

Either you can do it by yourself, or you can ask someone else to do it. 你或者自己做,或者让别人去做。

3 转折并列句

并列连词:but(然而),however(然而),yet(然而),while(而,然而)等。其中 but 意为“然而、但是、然而、只是”,表意思转折。

She’s good at English, but her Chinese isn’t good. 她擅长英语,但语文不行。

He worked hard, yet he failed. 他努力地干,然而失败了。

汤姆个儿专门高,而他的兄弟却专门

矮。

I’d like to go with you, however my hands are full. 我想和你一块儿去,但是我忙只是来。

4 因果并列句并列连词:for(因为),表示因果关系,起说明说明的作用。

so(因此)等。其中 so 为“因此、结果”,表因果关系。

That was our first lesson, so she didn’t know all our names. 那是我们第一堂课,因此她并不明白所有人的名字。

She didn’t come to school today, for she was ill. 今天她没来上学,因为她生病了。三.复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子,从句只用作句子的一个成份,不能独立,依照从

句在句子中的作用,可分为名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句三类。

一)名词性从句(高二精学)名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句

二)定语从句(高一精学)在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代

词有 who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词 where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

(三)状语从句(初中已学)状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时,常用逗号分

开;放在主句之后,一样不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时刻、条件、缘故、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等9种。

1、时刻状语从句

1)时刻状语从句常用连词有 when, as , while, before, after, since, till(until), as soon as, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ...than, the moment 等。

2)时刻状语从句一样不用今后时,因此,主句若为今后时,时刻状语从句要用一样现在时。例如:

I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.

3)连词 when, while, as 都表示“当…的时候”,然而 when 引导的从句的动作和主句的动作能够同时发生,也能够先后发生;用 as, while 时则强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如:

While I was reading, he came in.

As the walked along the street, he sang happily.

4)till(until)表示“一直到…”时,主句和从句都用确信式;表示“直到…才…”时主句用否定式,从句用肯定式。

He did not get up till it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。

5)as soon as,和 the moment 引导的从句表示“一…就…”;用 no sooner … than 和 hardly…when 引导的从句表示“刚…就…”,主句中的动词一样用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一样倒装,把 had 提到前面。

As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you.

Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.

2、缘故状语从句

缘故状语从句常用 because, since 和 as 引导。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.

3、地点状语从句

地点状语从句常用 where, wherever 等连词引导;注意不要和 where 引导的定语从句相混淆。例如:

We shall go where working conditions are difficult.(状语从句)

We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.(定语从句)

4、条件状语从句

条件状语从句用 if unless (if...not),as (so)long as(只要)等词引导,假如主句是今后时,条件状语从句用一样现在时表示。As long as I live, I shall work hard. I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.

5、让步状语从句

让步状语从句由

ho(how...)等词引导。

Clever as he is, he doesn't study well.

注意:由 as 引导的让步状语从句,须将作表语的形容词或名词(名词前不用冠词)放在句首。

Although it rained heavily, they still went out.

No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.

注意:由 although(though)引导的让步从句,主句不能用 but。

6、结果状语从句

结果状语从句一样由 so, so that, so...that, such...that 引导,放在主句之后。

The box is no heavy that nobody can move it.= It is such a heavy box that nob ody can move it.

7、目的状语从句

目的状语从句常用 so...that, so that, in order that 等引导,放在主句之后。

They started early that they might arrive in time.

He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.

8、方式状语从句

方式状语从句放在主句之后,用 as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。 as if 和 as though 引导的从句一样用虚拟语气,但假如从句中所陈述的情形专门可能实现,也可用陈述语气。例如:

The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man. You man do as you please.

9、比较状语从句

比较状语从句常由 as ... as, than, not so ...,the more, the more 等词引导。比较从句部分常是省略句。

I know you better than he does. The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.

2 所谓用途分类是指,依照句子的意思,句子的语言功能和作用是什么,然后将其归类。按这种方法,所有的英语句子能够分成四个种类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence),疑问句(Interrogative Sentence),祈使句(Impera tive Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

(完整word版)英语句子成分分析大全,推荐文档

英语句子成分分析大全 一个句子至少由两部分构成,即主语和谓语,它们是句子的主要成分。 句子的次要成分包括宾语(包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语), 表语,定语(包括前置定语及后置定语),状 语,同位语(包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语), 补语及呼语。 一.主语:是一句话的中心,整句话都谈它的情况。 如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. (时光飞逝。) 这两句话中分别由代词They ,名词Time 作主语。 二.谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或者状态。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当,因此动词不定式、动名词、不能作谓语。 且谓语动词可以体现时态,单复数的语法现象。 如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs. (他喜欢唱歌。) 这两句话分别由动词were (are 的过去式),enjoys singing (enjoy doing动词短语)作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态,且主语的人称为第一人称,enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语:表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如: I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.(我喜欢中国菜。) 这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ,名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语: 有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书) He gave a book to me 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。 又如:My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。 四.表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后,其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 系动词:看起来闻起来听起来感觉起来总是保持三变。 look smell sound feel be keep get seem turn become 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers,形容词 kind 作表语。 五.定语:是用来说明或限制名词的成分,可分为前置定语和后置定语,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前,构成前置定语;相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面,构成后置定语。

高中英语语法句子成分分析 word版

一、句子成分 英语句子成分分析和句子结构分析(语法高手必备) 英语句子成分分析 (一)句子成分的定义: 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分(一般共九中成分); 主要成分有主语和谓语; 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。 (二)主语: 主语 (Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。(但在 there b e 结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中, 主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。) 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、和主语从句等表示。例如:(请画出主语) Three plus two is five. It is a great pleasure to swim in the river Smoking does harm to the health. There are many students in my class. Are you a student? Here comes the bus. He can do it and so can I. Who will attend the meeting has not been decided. (主语从句) (三)谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语 之后。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如: He practices running every morning. The plane took o ff at ten o ’clock. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如: You may k eep the book for two weeks. He has c aught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are s tudents. 谓语 体现时态和语态?时态 (与非谓语比较) 语态 现在时: 一般现在时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时: Is /am/are+---或does/do Is/am/are+doing Has/have +done Has/have+been+doing Is/am/are+ I s /a m /a r e +b e i n g + Has/have+been+

高一英语教案:必修一 句子结构及成分(附答案) Word版

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8. 动名词用作主语 如:Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。 Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work. 看电影是乐事,制作影片则是苦事。 9. 名词化的过去分词用作主语 如:The disabled are to receive more money. 残疾人将得到更多的救济金。 10. 介词短语用作主语 如:To Beijing is not very far. 到北京不很远。xk:w From Yenan to Nanniwan was a three-hour ride on horseback. 从延安到南泥湾要三个小时。11.从句用作主语 如: Whenever you are ready will be fine. 你无论什么时候准备好都行。 12.句子用作主语 如:”How do you do ?”is a greeting.“你好”是一句问候语。 2 谓语 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。 1.由简单的动词构成。 (1) What happened? 发生了什么事? (2) He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3) The plane took off at ten o’clock. 飞机是十点起飞的。 2.由动词短语构成的谓语。

(完整word版)总结英语八大句子成分

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高考英语句子成分分析(word版可编辑修改) 编辑整理: 尊敬的读者朋友们: 这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(高考英语句子成分分析(word 版可编辑修改))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为高考英语句子成分分析(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。

Part1英语句子成分 一、词类 英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词. 1、名词(n。):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称.如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征.如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序.如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v。):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等.如:now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly。 7、冠词(art.。):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep。):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from,above, behind。 9、连词(conj.): 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj。。)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情.如:oh, well, hi, hello。 二、句子成分 1。主语:是句子要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。如: The car is running fast. / The girl can sing many English songs。(名词) We are students。 / This is my pen 。 Yours is on the desk.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai。 / Two and three is five.(数词)

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句子成分和句子种类详解 句子成分和结构是英语的基础,是理解和表达英语的关键。英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构有影响。英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的,这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用,叫做句子成分。英语的篇章是由句子构成的,不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构,这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型.学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。 I 句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分. 句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语和补足语等。 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分; 表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语等是句子的次要部分. 1.主语:主语说明谓语动作或状态的执行者,常用的作主语的词类有:名词(短语)、代词、 数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)和从句。 Subject is the topic or theme of the sentence, which tells of what the sentence is about。 1)名词:The students are learning grammar。 Our teacher speaks very fast. 2)代词:She is writing。 He likes playing tennis。 3)数词:Five is an odd number. Six is my favourite number。 4)不定式:To learn English well is important. It is not easy to remember all rules。

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