2018高考英语5-3一轮复习

知识点三非谓语动词作宾语

不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。常见形式有以下几类：

1．有些动词后常跟不定式作宾语

通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree (同意); offer(提出); intend, plan(打算，计划); demand, ask(要求)；promise(答应); prepare(准备); decide(决定); refuse(拒绝); dare(敢于); choose(选择); wish, hope, want, expect(希望，想要)；fail(失败); pretend(假装); manage(设法); determine(决心)等。如：

They have agreed to give me another chance.

他们已经答应给我另外一次机会。

He refused to tell me their plan.

他拒绝告诉我他们的计划。

2．有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语，如：admit(承认)，appreciate(欣赏)，avoid(避免)，consider(考虑)，delay (耽误；延迟), dislike(不喜欢); enjoy(欣赏；享受), escape(逃脱；逃避)，excuse (原谅)，finish(完成)，forgive(原谅)，imagine(想象), keep(保持), mind(介意), miss (错过), practise(练习), resist(拒绝，抵制), risk(冒险)，suggest(建议)，deny(否认；否决)。如：

You'd better make good preparations for you can't risk losing the chance.

你最好做好准备，因为你不能冒失去这次机会的风险。

Do you mind my opening the door?

你介意我打开窗户吗？

3．有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语，意义上无多大区别。如begin/start(开始)；continue(继续)；love(喜欢)等。但love, like, hate, prefer后接动名词表示经常性的行为；接不定式表示具体的行为。如：

I like swimming very much, but I don't like to swim this afternoon.

我非常喜欢游泳；但是今天下午我不想去游泳。

4．既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语，但不定式用被动式的形式；动名词用主动式的形式。

句子的意思没有差别。但句子的主语一般是表物的名词或代词。这类动词主要有：want，need，require，deserve等。如：

(1)Your watch needs repairing/to be repaired.

你的手表需要被修理一下。

(2)The windows need painting again/to be painted again.

这些窗户需要再漆一下。

5．有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有区别。如forget，remember, mean, regret, stop, try，go on, can't help等。如：

I remembered opening the door but forgot to close it.

我记得打开了门，但忘记把它关上了。

既能接不定式，又能接动词-ing形式，但意思不同的动词或短语：

remember to do记着要去做某事forget to do忘记要做某事

remember doing记得做过某事forget doing忘记做过了某事

mean to do打算要做某事try to do尽力去做某事

mean doing意味着做某事try doing试着去做某事

regret to do对即将要做的事感到遗憾stop to do停下来去做另一件事

regret doing后悔做过某事stop doing停止做某事

go on to do做完一件再做另一件事can't help to do不能帮助做某事

go on doing继续做同一件事can't help doing 情不自禁地做某事

6．不定式作decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等动词或动词短语的宾语时，前面常带引导词how, what, whether, where, when, who等。

There are so many kinds of smartphones on sale that I can't decide which to buy.

有这么多种智能手机在卖，我拿不定主意买哪一种。

7．介词后通常跟动名词作宾语，但是but/except 后面接不定式作宾语，如果前面有实义动词do，则不带to。如：

He had nothing to do but lie down to sleep.

他无事可做，只好躺下睡觉。

I have no choice but to accept the fact.

我别无选择只好接受事实。

常跟不定式作宾语的词组成的顺口溜：

同意提出做计划，

要求答应来帮忙。

准备决定遭拒绝，

敢于选择有希望。

不能做到莫假装，

设法做成决心坚。

1．I don't want ________(sound) like I'm speaking ill of anybody, but the manager's plan is unfair.

答案to sound[动词want后常跟不定式作宾语。]

常跟动名词作宾语的词：

考虑建议盼原谅

承认推迟没得想

避免错过继续练

否认完成就欣赏

禁止想象才冒险

不禁介意准逃亡

难以忍受始反对

想要成功坚持忙

习惯放弃有困难

导致专心防道歉

2．I can't stand ________(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses ________(stop) talking while she works.

答案working；to stop[动词stand此处表示“忍耐；忍受”之意，后面常跟动名词作宾语；而refuse后面只能跟不定式作宾语。句意：我无法忍受和Jane在同一个办公室。她总是拒绝在工作时停止谈话。]

3．Little Jim should love ________(take) to the theatre this evening.

答案to be taken[should love后面只能跟不定式；主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动。]

4．Our classroom needs ________(clean), who is on duty today?

答案cleaning/to be cleaned[need 后面跟动名词，表示主语需要承受该工作，所以用cleaning。也可用不定式的被动形式。句意：我们的教室需要被打扫一下，今天该谁值日？]

可以按以下口诀记住

“四记”“力争”“不后悔”。四“记”指“记得、记住(remember)”；“忘记(forget)”；“计划、打算(mean)”；“继续(go on)”；“力争”指“try”；“不”“后悔”指stop与regret。

5．—That would mean ________(waste) a lot of labor.

—Really? I don't mean ________(waste) any labor.

答案wasting；to waste[mean doing意味着……；mean to do打算做……。句意：——那将意味着浪费很多劳动力。——真的吗？我没打算浪费任何劳动力的。]

6．Isn't it time you got down to ________(mark) the papers?

答案marking[get down to doing sth 开始着手做某事，后跟动名词作宾语，mark是主语主动发出的动作，不用被动。]

7．He didn't know how________(operate) the computer.

答案to operate

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be concerned with牵涉到……，与……有关 as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就……而言 4．power n．能力；力量；权力 The power was cut off and the street was entirely in darkness.断电后街道完全陷入了黑暗。 She was the one who had the power to hire or fire people.有权雇用或解雇人的是她。[快速闪记] (1)come to power上台，当权，表示动作，不能和一段时间连用。 (2)be in power当权，执政，表示状态，可以和一段时间连用。 (3)have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力、权力 beyond/out of one's power某人力所不能及 5．settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决 They calmed down and settled their problem soon. 他们镇静下来并很快把问题解决了。 Mr.Wang settled down in America soon after he got there.王先生到美国后不久就定居下来了。 [快速闪记] (1)settle down舒适地坐下；安静下来；定居下来 settle down to sth/doing sth开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事 (2)settlement n．解决；协议 6．suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历 We'll suffer hunger one day if we don't care about the farmland.如果我们不关注农田，将来我们会挨饿的。 [快速闪记] suffering n．痛苦；苦难sufferer n．患病者；受难者 7．pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n．小包；包裹 As soon as I graduated，I packed my bags and moved to the west of China.一毕业我就收拾行李去了中国西部。 A pack of reporters were waiting outside for the latest news.一群记者在外面等待最

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