英语专业精读1课后1-7

Unite 1

Paraphrasing

(1) This ability to take familiar bits of language and to combine them to make new words and sentences is what sets language apart from other ways that human beings use to communicate.

=Because of the existence of morphological and syntactic rules, language enables to create new words and sentences making use of available materials. This is not possible with other ways that we use to communicate, such as the use of facial expressions or bodily gestures.

(2) We have to beware the word ?language‘. It‘s often used in a vivid way to mean any kind of connection between people.

=We have to be cautious about the use of ―language‖ because it is oftenused figuratively, refering to any means of communication (body language) or even the basis of mutual understanding (speaking the same language).

(3) We learn many rules of grammar in order to express different meanings, such as changing the order of words in a sentence. But we d on‘t have rules which change the order of our facial expressions to express different meanings.

=Facial expressions are different from real language in that there are no grammatical rules such as word order to help us express different meanings when we communicate with facial expressions.

(4) If I have the ability, I can paint them, draw them, sculpt them, dance them, compose them into a symphony or a ballet or a piece of jazz, and express myself in all the ways that are called ―arts and crafts‖.

= ―Arts and crafts‖ are also means of communication. If I have the ability, I can express my thoughts and feelings in painting, drawing, sculpture, dance and music.

(5) In our everyday lives we produce and comprehend language with such apparent ease that we take it for granted. Yet the ease with which we use language belies a level of complexity of immense proportions.

=Our everyday use of our native language, whether to express ourselves or to understand others, is so easy that we have never realizedthe great complexity behind this simple fact.

Translation

（1）Once we‘ve learned a few thousand words, and learned the ways our language allows us to put them together into sentences, we can say things that nobody has ever said before.

一旦我们掌握了数千个单词和语言所允许的将这些单词组合成句的方法，我们就可以说出别人从未说过的话。

（2）When people use their faces or hands to show their feelings, they‘re doing something that is very different from what they do when they speak, write, or use a deaf sign language.

当人们用脸或手来表达情感的时候，他们所做的是一件与说话、书写或者使用聋人手语很不一样的事情。

（3）Language allows us to talk about our experience of the world in a way that no other means of communication can.

语言使我们能够以一种其他交际手段所不能比拟的方式谈论我们对世界的体验。

（4）那件鲜红的大衣使她在姑娘们中间显得特别突出。(apart from)

Her bright red coat set her apart from the other girls.

（5）我们的触觉能力也可以演绎出一套语言。(develop into)

Our ability to touch can also be developed into a language.

（6）他以蛮横无理的方式对他的助手们发号施令。

He orders his assistants around in a way that is very offensive.

（7）与书面语不同的是，我们在口语中并不是按照段落或章节来组织思想的。

Unlike writing, our thoughts are not framed in paragraphs or chapters in speech.

Unite 3

Paraphrasing

(1) Scollon points out that Athabaskan Indians consider it inappropriate to talkto strangers,and that this has an odd effect when an Athabaskan meets a non-Athabaskan,whiteorblack.One wants to get to know the other by talking andthe other feels it is inappropriate to talk until they know each other.

=Athabaskan Indians consider that it is inappropriate to talk to people they do not know. According to Scollon, this causes a strange effect when theAthabaskan Indians meet people from other cultures. The non-Athabaskans may want to make acquaintance with the Athabaskans by talking to them, but the Athabaskans will not talk to the non- Athabaskans before they become acquaintances.

(2)As she puts it, Gonjans are so aware of the indirect function of questions to imply unstated meaning that“the pure information question hasn't got a chance.”

=Gonjans take it for granted that questions are always asked to achieve indirect functions, so they never ask questions for pure information.

(3)This is the value associated with"getting down to brass tacks" and "sticking

to facts"-values taken for granted in American business and education,andperhaps more generally by American men.

=The Americans usually take it for granted that in communication people should be direct and say no more or less than needed, and that what people say is exactly what they mean. This is especially true in business and education and applies more to American men than to women.

(4)To the extent that no two people have exactly the same communicative background,to that extent,all communication is cross-cultural,and understanding cross cultural communication is a means to understanding language at the same time, it is also a means to understanding and, one hopes, improving problems and tasks

facing the world and the people in it, including the task of teaching and learning new languages.

=No two people have just the same cultural background. Therefore, all communication is cross-cultural to someextent. In this sense, understanding cross-cultural communication can help us understand the nature of language and tackle problems in the world, especially those caused by and related to the use of language, e.g. obstacles in foreign language teaching and learning.

Translation

(1)Just as physicists understand the nature of physical elements by observing their

behavior in various environments and in interaction with other elements, so we come to understand the nature of language by observing it in communication and in contact with other systems of communication.

物理学家通过观察物质元素在不同环境中的表现及其与其他物质的相互作用来理解它们的本质。与此相似，我们通过观察交际中的语言以及语言与其他交际符号系统的关联来认识语言的本质。

(2) One who learns the explicit vocabulary and grammar of a new language is likely to stuff it into the implicit paralinguistic and discourse casings of the

native communicative system.

外语学习者可能会把在一种新的语言中所学的显性的词汇和语法填充到母语交际系统中隐性的语篇框架或副语言外壳里。

(3)As social networks are always local,not global,people in different communities have different ways of using linguistic means to communicative ends,and their ways oftalking,like other cultural patterns,define them as a community.

社交网络总是区域性而非全球性的，不同社区的人有不同的语言手段来实现交际目标，与其他文化模式一样，人们说话的方式将他们界定为一个―（言语）社区‖。

(4)你很可能会发现很多人对语言的形式和功能还抱有老一套的看法。

You are very likely to find many people who have stereotyped ideas about the forms and functions of language.

(5)请让我详细地说明我的建议。

Please let me elaborate on my proposal.

(6)失控的通货膨胀加深了工薪阶层的痛苦。

Runaway inflation further plagued the wage- or salary-earner.

(7)这样的笑话容易加重种族偏见。

Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes.

Unite 4

Paraphrasing

(1)They are on the road to acquiring the sound system of their language.

=They are in the process of acquiring the sound system of their language.

(2)Sometime around the child‘s third birthday, give or take six months, language takes a giant leap, and children start producing long sentences with varying degrees of morphological and syntactic complexity.

=Sometime around the child‘s third birthday, six m onths earlier or later, there is great progress in children‘s language learning and children start producing long sentences with varying degrees of morphological and syntactic complexity.

(3)T hey glean the linguistic rules of English from sentences spoken by nativespeakers,who have a coherent grammar,not those spoken by their parents,who might well have an incoherent grammar in English.

=They collect and learn the linguistic rules of English from sentences spoken by native speakers, who have a coherent grammar, not those sentences spoken by their parents, who might well have an incoherent grammar in English.

(4) Sometimes, however, the language blossoms.

=Sometimes, however, the secret language between children develops very well.

(5)We are hard-wired to process and produce natural human language.

=We are born with the natural ability to process and produce natural human language.

(6)We acquire our specific naive language in a natural way by sifting through

what we are exposed to or what we crate with the UG principles that we areborn with.

=We acquire our specific native language in a natural way, by examining carefully what we are exposed to or what we create with the UG principles that we are born with.

Translation

(1)In these studiesthe children'srecognitionof Englishisindicatedbyincreased eye activity and heartbeat, rather than the smile and babbling that Robert produced, but the studies were down under laboratory conditions, whereas Roberts situation was a social one.

在这些研究中，儿童可以识别英语的证据是眼睛活动增多、心跳加快，而不是罗伯特做出的那种笑脸和咿呀声，但是这些研究是在实验室环境中做的，而罗伯特所在的是社会自然场景。

(2)I said slowly and loudly"Milk You have to say ?milk‘" Nick said slowly and

loudly ―Awamih." That's when If inally got it.He was saying,"Iwant milk,"a

whole sentence,not just a single word.

我缓慢而大声地说：―milk（牛奶），要说milk。‖尼克也缓慢而大声地说：―Awamih。‖这时我才发现，原来他是在说―I want milk（我要牛奶）‖，是一整个句子，而不仅仅是一个词

(3)A child who speaks a language that has operators that follow the objects they operate on (such as a language in which the verb follows the object, giving something like "book read" instead off read book"),for example, will use the opposite word order from that of a child who speaks English.

比如，如果在一个儿童所说的语言中，操纵者出现在被操纵的物体后面

（例如有的语言把动词放在宾语后面，会说―书-读‖，而不是―读-书‖），那么

这个儿童就会使用与说英语的儿童相反的词序。

(4)当今科技最大益处之一就是能使我们接触真正的外语。

One of the great benefits of technology today is the ability to expose ourselves to

real foreign language.

(5)非母语元素为英语带来了一些新元素。

Non-native speakers of English introduced some new elements into the language.

(6)刚到美国时他对英语只有最基本的了解，但是很快就说得很流利了。

He came to America with only some rudimentary knowledge of English but soon became a pretty fluent speaker.

Unite 5

Paraphrasing

(1)I am not necessarily suggesting that cross-cultural training might eventually be seen to be in vain-I believe the contrary to be true-but I would like to play devil's advocate for a little while and consider how powerful mental blocks may hinder our ability to change our attitudes or adopt new approaches.

=I do not mean that cross-cultural training is useless—instead, I believe it is useful—but I just want to emphasize the negative side of the issue for a little while and consider how powerful mental blocks may prevent us from changing our attitudes or adopting newapproaches.

(2) People in the British Isles act and live in a certain way because their thoughts are Channeled along Anglo-Saxon grooves which are different from neo-Latin,Japanese or Chinese grooves.

=People in the British Isles act and live in a certain way because their thoughts are affected or determined by Anglo-Saxon traditions which are different from neo-Latin, Japanese or Chinesetraditions.

(3) English copes with concepts such as contract deadlines and stock futures, but our tongue is seen as poverty stricken and inadequately descriptive by Africansand Native Americans, whose languages abound in finely wrought, beautifullylogical descriptions of nature, causation, repetition, duration and result.

=English copes with concepts such as contract deadlines and stock futures, but English has much fewer rich descriptive expressions than African and Native American

languages,becausetheselanguageshaveagreatnumberofexpressionsthatcan describe nature, causation, repetition, duration and result in a detailed and beautiful

way.

(4)Their clinical vocabulary is conducive to quick thinking, its lack of vaguenessleads to a cutting directness and their ruthless pursuit of logicwill oftenirritate Anglo-Saxons or Japanese,who tend to“feel their way”toward asolution.

=Their clinical words are helpful for quick thinking, the lack of unclear expressions makes their expression very direct and their efforts on logic will often make Anglo- Saxons and Japanese angry, because Anglo-Saxons and Japanese find their solution not by logical thinking but in a more subjective way.

Translation

(1)The Briton, the German and the Eskimo may share a common experience, but it appears to each as a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions that has to be organized by the mind.

不列颠人、德国人和因纽特人可能有共同的体验，但是它对每一群人都表现为一组万花筒式的印象，需要通过思维进行组织。

(2) I could only experience reality as fully as he did by learning his language and escaping (in terms of descriptive ability) from the strait jacket of my own.

只有学习他的语言并且摆脱我自己的―束身衣‖，我才能像他一样充分体验他的现实。

(3)They believed it was a phenomenon shared by all mankind and, in the case of educated people, would provide a standard yardstick for comparison of ideas, experience and reality.

他们相信这是所有人类共有的一种现象，对于受过教育的人群，它可以提供一把标准的尺子，用来比较思想、体验和现实。

(4) When each speaks, we merely glimpse the tip of a huge iceberg of verbal activity that never breaks the surface of audibility.

每个人说话时，我们只能瞥见语言活动这座巨大冰山的一角，这座冰山从来没有突破听力的水面。

(5)Afurther complication isthe deep side that American English has taken into cliches and "tough talk."

另一个复杂因素是美式英语深深陷入陈词滥调和―心灵鸡汤‖式话语中无法自拔。

(6) But the speech mechanisms involved in such politeness often lead to incredible vagueness of expression, so that whatever message they seek to convey may well get lost in a fog of impeccable behavior.

但是，这种礼貌涉及的话语机制往往导致表达极度模糊，因此无论他们想传达的是什

么信息，都会迷失在无可挑剔行为造成的迷雾之中。

(7)On top of that,their formidable battery of honorific expressions-so useful in communication between Japanese-are rendered useless in the face of the impossibility of translation, so that their conversation with their foreign counterpart emerges as terribly platitudinous, even if grammatically correct.

最重要的是，他们数量惊人的敬语存货——在日本人之间的沟通中非常有用——由于无法翻译而变得无用，因此他们和外国人的对话尽管语法上是正确的，却显得极其陈腐。

Unite 6

Paraphrasing

(1)The desire to be oneself does not mean the desire to be fundamental different from everyone else but rather to situate individual differences within communal allegiance.

=Even if you want to be yourself, you don‘t have to be totally different from others. Rather, you should follow the majority while keeping your individual differences.

(2) Jeans were able to bear class-specific meanings of the American work ethic.

=Jeans were able to bear different meanings of the American work ethic for different classes. (3)...sport allows the middle-class body the recognition of physical prowess that

labor allows the working class…

=By labor work, the working class gain physical skills. The middle class can gain the same physical skills by doing sports.

(4)Despite the easy exportability of the Western myth and its ready incorporability into the popular culture of other nations, it always retains its Americanness: It thus admits the forging of links between American values and he popular consciousness of other nationalities

=Although the Western myth can be spread to other nations easily and can become part of the

popular culture of these nations, the myth keeps its identity or features as an American myth. Thus, links can be built between American values and the popular consciousness of other nationalities.

(5)The wearer of torn jeans is, after all, wearing jeans and not, for instance, the Buddhist-derived robes of the "orange people: Wearing torn jeans is an example of the contradictions that are so typical of popular culture, where what is to be resisted is necessarily present in the resistance to it.

=Although some people wear torn jeans to express their opposition to the majority, they are

still wearing jeans rather than a completely different kind of clothes. In other words, when they try to be different, they are wearing the same clothes as others. This shows a typical contradiction of popular culture – when people resist something, what they resist is part of their life or they are part of it.

Translation

(1)So a middle-aged executive wearing jeans as he mow s his lawn on a suburb an Sunday is, among other things, aligning himself with youthful vigor and activity (in opposition to the distinctly middle-aged office desk) and with the mythic dignity of labor-the belief that physical labor is in some way more honest than wheeling and dealing is deeply imbued in a nation whose pioneers are only a few generations in the past, and is, significantly, particularly widespread among the wheelers and

dealers themselves.

所以，星期天一个中年高级管理层穿着牛仔裤在郊区修剪自家的草坪，这时在他让自

己所匹配的各种价值中，有青春的精力和活力（相对于显然属于中年的办公室案头工作），还有体力劳动的神秘尊严——在这个从开疆拓土到现在只经过几代人的民族中，

体力劳动在一定意义上比投机钻营更加诚实可贵，这种信念仍然根深蒂固，而且更重

要的是，投机钻营者本人尤其普遍具有这种信念。

(2)The lack of social differentiation in jeans gives one the freedom to "be oneself" (and, I suppose, in abnormal cases, to hide oneself), which, of course, points to a telling paradox that the desire to be oneself leads one to wear the same garment as everyone else, which is only a concrete instance of the paradox deeply structured into American (and Western) ideology that the most widely held communal value is that of individualism.

牛仔裤没有社会差异，给了人们自由可以―做自己‖（而且我觉得在异常情况下还可以―隐藏自己‖），这当然就指出了一个很深刻的悖论：一个人想做自己，结果却穿了和其他所有人一样的衣服，这只是深深植根于美国（以及西方）意识形态中的悖论的一个具体表现，这种意识形态就是：最普遍认可的共同价值就是个人主义。

(3)So in Moscow,for example,theycan be made sense of by the authoritiesas bearer s of Western decadence,and they can be worn by the young as anact of defiance,as a sign of their opposition to social conformity-a set ofmeanings quite different from those of contemporary American youth,thoughmore consonant with those of the 1960s,when jeans could carry much moreoppositional meanings than they do today.

比如，在莫斯科它们会被当局解读为西方颓废精神的载体，而年轻人穿着它们当作一种反抗行为，一种反对社会从众性的标志——这些意义和当代美国年轻人的理解相去甚远，反而和1960 年代的理解更加契合，那时牛仔裤承载了比当今更多的反抗意味。

(4)让我们暂且抛开性别差异，关注一下整个群体的成绩。

Let‘s dismiss the gender differences and focus on the achievements of the whole group.

(5)很多政策看似与性别平等没什么关联，但是其实会受到男女之间关系的间接影响。Many policies that appear to have little to do with gender equality are actually affected in an indirect way by relationships between women and men.

(6)表面看来，这一发现似乎推翻了整个理论，但是其实只是提供了另一种方法。

On the surface, this finding seems to invalidate the whole theory, but it actually onlyprovides

an alternative approach.

Unite 7

Paraphrasing

(1)There is neither defiance nor hypocrisy in the smile; nor is it to be confounded with the smile of sickly resignation which we are apt to associate with weakness of character.

When they smile, they do not express any challenge or untruthfulness, and we should not misunderstand their smile as obedience, which is a symbol of weakness of character.

(2) But any effort to interpret it according to Western notions of physiognomical expression would be just about as successful as an attempt to interpret Chinese

ideographs by their real or fancied resemblance to shapes of familiar things. =It is impossible to interpret Chinese ideography by their similarity to shapes of familiar things. Similarly, it is impossible to interpret Japanese emotionlessness according to Western ideas of human facial expression.

(3)Westerners have also inferred the lack of variety and intensity in expressive behavior to be indicative of a lack of subjective emotional experience.

=Westerners have also understood the lack of various and strong expressive behaviors as a sign of a lack of subjective emotional life.

(4)When interpreted through Western eyes and cultural filters,this view has alsoled to negative attitudes and value characterizations of the Japanese,that theyare less emotional,value feelings less,and are less trustworthy,sincere,andappropriate.

=When we interpret this view from the perspective of Western people and cultures, we may get negative attitudes and value characterizations of the Japanese, that is, they are less emotional, value feelings less, and are less trustworthy, sincere, and appropriate.

(5)Anger,jealousy,frustration,and scorn can easily drive wedges between people,

disrupting group harmony and cohesion.

=Anger, jealousy, frustration and scorn can easily lead to a gap between people and does harm to group harmony and cohesion.

Translation

(1) Hearn,like so many people before and after him,saw the Japanese as humble,persevering people who,in the face of danger,threat,grief,andother disheartening emotions,manage to maintain a sense of dignity about themselves as they smile.

我曾在第一章提到，赫恩和很多前人及后来者一样，将日本人视为一个谦逊坚忍的民族，他们在危险、威胁、悲伤和其他负面情绪面前可以保持微笑，维持一种自我尊严感。

(2)That the Japanese students smiled despite what must have been quite intense, negative feelings is similar to what Hearn wrote in Glimpses of UnfamiliarJapan.

日本学生面对肯定极为强烈的负面情绪时仍然保持微笑，这一现象和赫恩《陌

生日本之我见》中的描述很像。

(3)The problem is compound ed by the fact that many Japanese themselvescontribute to this stereotypic attribution by claiming that they always suppress their true feelings. 有一种现象让这一问题更加复杂，即很多日本人本身也声称自己总是压抑自我的真实情绪，从而加深了这一刻板印象。

(4)他广泛阅读经典并成为一名成就卓著的语言学家。

He read extensively in the classics and became an accomplished linguist.

(5)很难将此项研究的结果推广至其他情况或人群。

It is difficult to generalize the results of a study to other situations and to other people.

(6)教育者应该确保所有学生，无论什么性别、社会经济和文化背景，都享有平等的机会。

Educators should ensure equal opportunities for all pupils, regardless of gender, or socio-economic and cultural background.

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大学英语精读第一册(第三版)答案

大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册答案Book 1 Unit 1 Study&Practice Vocabulary Activities 1. 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 2. 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed... to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely... on 13) Apart from 14) command 3. 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition to 8) in detail Enriching Your Word Power 1. 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development

15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process

现代大学英语精读1 单词

Perusal1：1 across alongside balcony band beneficial border circus cling clown conjurer convince creator crossroads curiosity daze exertion glance globe halt hatred hesitate introduction irritated joyfully lift misgiving nap observant opportunity overlook palm paradise perseverance physical rank revolve rivalry scold single sort spin startled stream stretch sunset surface sweetheart trace trick unclouded uniform universe vain in vain variety various vast whisper ---------- 2 approach awake banner billow chatter chew clench dusty engage exaltation ex-con existence fit fort fortify guy jail mask misty oak parole retreat ribbon scream stain stun swig tide tighten triumph unaware vanish wow yeah ---------- 3 agency bamboo Bangkok barter breeze buffalo bully condemn crab raft dusk Esarn evil exhausted fashionable fate fertile forefathers frog gardener greed hairdresser hardship heal infancy insult jeans litter lust old-fashioned monk nail pierce reap replace ripen ripple scarcity scent sheaves shimmer sickness sigh strip temple tend textile ungrateful wound ---------- 4 a series of account alternative anyway apparently authority balance belt branch office bully candy conclude damn deposit dismay exchange fortyish grocery helpless idiot interfere khakis loafers mustache neighborhood passion prep school protest rear represent ridiculous savings scared shrug slightly so-called upset wallet withdraw withdrawal ---------- 5 aid angel barometer calculate colleague competence course creative credit dash off deserve dilemma educational formula grade impartial inner instructor launch lean panic pendulum principle proportion recall referee resist select solve sophisticated Sputnik stopwatch string superintendent swing system temptation unit warn ---------- 6 atmosphere awful bulb chant cherry comic concern conscious crash criminal deal desperate dial electrical exchange fender flash gossip honey horizon hush impression intently jaw jerk kneel laughter lawn lighten likely maple menace meteor mob monster mower murmur nope obviously oddball operator optimistic outer overhead persistently plug polish porch portable precisely quietness react reaction reluctantly residential roar rooftop rub screw sense sidewalk space speechless spot stool stove stuff thunder tone tremendous typical upwards weird wet whirl ------ 7 alternative arrange aspect cell chili construct contact cultivate decline document dump eliminate enduring eventually fertilizer flourish fulfill hallway intellectual issue manual metaphor miner mixture nourish onion patch peanut permission pursue section seedling survive tend tender tennis warder wither ---------- 8 audience auditorium backstage bother career cast chin coach cocky comedian comedy commercial concentrate congratulate curtain dramatics eagerness embarrass exaggerated flea flushed giant groan hey humor invent jockey knee newcomer nonsense peck pleading plot promote promotion puppet sensible sharply shrimp smart stiff terrific tiptoe touchy undersized vice-president volunteer ---------- 9 able-bodied adapt to adequate affect ALS bandage bump Cambridge circumstance clumsiness comfort depression disability downplay drag enable exceptional frequency frequently function humiliation incurable liquid leuk (a) emia motor nasty nerves obstruction PhD predict rare recur scene slur span spinal strength supervisor tablecloth theoretical vacation worsen worthwhile ----------

现代大学英语精读2课文

Unit1 Another School Year — What For Let me tell you one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. Part of the student body was a beanpole with hair on top who came into my class, sat down, folded his arms, and looked at me as if to say "All right, teach me something." Two weeks later we started Hamlet. Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips. "Look," he said, "I came here to be a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this stuff" And not having a book of his own to point to, he pointed to mine which was lying on the desk. New as I was to the faculty, I could have told this specimen a number of things. I could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that at the end of his course meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Science. It would not read: Qualified Pill-Grinding Technician. It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. That is to say, he had not entered a technical training school but a university and in universities students enroll for both training and education.

现代大学英语精读1教案设计

Unit 1 Half a day 教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2．熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3．掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4．熟练掌握三类构词法； 5．通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。 教学内容 1. 热身 2．作者 教育与背景 主要著作 创作观 3．作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论 4．写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构 5．语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 band, convince, daze, exert, intricate, observe, overlook, rank, revolve, startle, uviverse, vary 介词练习 构词法：-tion; -volve; -ly 6．课堂讨论 7．练与讲 教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析； 2．文学中的修辞手法――省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构3．构词法：前缀 教学方法结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。 教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。

ⅠAbout the author ★Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. （mummies and pyramids / sphinx 狮身人面）★He worked in university administration（行政部门）and then in 1939 he worked for the Ministry of Islamic Affairs.（Buddhism Christianity Islam） ★He was later Head of the State Cinema Organization at the Ministry of Culture(文化部）. He also worked as a journalist（记者）. ★He is married, has two daughters and lives in Cairo. ★He was the first Arab to win the Nobel prize for literature He is now the author of no fewer than 30 novels, more than 100 short stories, and more than 200 articles. Half of his novels have been made into films which have circulated （流通；传播）throughout the Arabic-speaking world. The Cairo Trilogy（三部曲）is a tale of the lives of a Muslim family and spans （跨过）the first half of the 20th century. Palace Walk 《宫间街》Palace of Desire 《思官街》Sugar Street 《甘露街》How does he picture the world? 1 The world is very gloomy（阴沉的令人沮丧的）though not completely disappointing. 2 The author’s social utopia (乌托邦）is far from being realized. 3 Time is the bringer of change and change is a very painful process. 4 Life is a tragedy. ⅡText Appreciation 1 structure 2 Further discussion Can you recall your first day’s experience at primary school? Did you feel you were a stranger the first day you arrived at this university? Was it hard for you to leave home for the first time in your life? What do you think is the business of university? What do you expect to learn here? 3 Theme of the story The following are a few possible understandings of the message the story conveys. Which one do you agree with? Argue with your group partners. Time and tide wait for no man. Life is a tragedy. There is nothing permanent in life but change. Education can never keep up with changes in society. Life is short and time is precious. Life is a dream. Do not take anything seriously. 4 Structure of the text Part 1 (para. 1- 7 ) about:The boy’s misgivings about school Part 2 (para. 8-16 ) about: How the boy felt about school. Part 3 (para. 17-20 ) about: Walking out of the school, he found time had changed everything.

大学英语精读第三版第一册课后习题答案

大学英语精读第三版第一册答案Unit1 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development

14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect 1) helpful 2) help 3) helpless 4) help 5) helplessly 6) helpfully 7) helpful 1) reliant 2) reliable 3) reliance reliable 4) relies 5) reliably 6) 1) repetition 2) repeating 3) repeatedly 4) repeated 5) repetition 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today's papers 5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer.

现代大学英语精读3课文电子版

Michael Welzenbach 1. When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, the fourth major move in my short life. My father’s government job demanded that he go overseas every few years, so I was used to wrenching myself away from friends. 2. We rented an 18th-century farmhouse in Berkshire. Nearby were ancient castles and churches. Loving nature, however, I was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our house. In the deep woods that verged against our back fence, a network of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants rocketed off into the dense laurels ahead as you walked. 3. I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching. It was heaven for a boy —but a lonely heaven. Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon

大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1-3答案

大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1答案 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory

11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement

9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development 14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect

大学英语精读第一册单词表

U 1 NEW WORDS average n. ordinary普通的；中等的 intelligenc e n. ability to learn and understand智力 necessarily ad. inevitably必定 case n. what has really happened; actual condition实情 additiona l a. added 加的，额外的n. addition weekly a.done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的 schedule n. timetable时间表 chart n.(sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture图（表） commit vt.指定 ... 用于 aside ad. to the side在旁边；到（向）一边etc(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things等等 normal a. usual 正常的，正规的，标准的 reading n.the act or practice of reading阅读 assignment n. sth. given out as a task(布置的 )作业 occupy n.take up占用 relaxation n. (sth. done for) rest and amusement休息，娱乐 relax v. 放松，休息，休养 hobby n. what one likes to do in one's free time业余爱好 entertainment n. show, party, etc. that people enjoy娱乐 entertain vt. 娱乐，招待，款待 solve vt. find an answer to (a problem)解决（问题） aware a. having knowledge or understanding知道的；意识到的 furthermore ad. moreover; in addition而且；此外 enable vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使（某人）能（做某事） activity n.sth. (to be) done活动 adequate a. as much as one needs; enough充分的；足够的 distraction n. sth. that draws away the mind or attention分心（或分散注意力）的事物 concentrate (on or upon)vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注（于） skim vt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)略读 preview vt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand预习 content n.what is written in a book, etc.内容 organize vt. form into a whole组织 later ad. 后来；以后 skip vt. pass over略过 portion n. part; share一部分；一份

大学英语精读第一册全部答案

Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7. look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10. other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits. Unit 2 Cloze (A) 1. adventure 2. in spite of 3. determined 4.accomplish 5. voyage 6. attempts 7. dissuade 8. give up 9. covered (B) 1. conquer 2. about 3. succeeded 4. between 5. through 6. high 7. sail 8. follow/take 9. round 10. then 11. but 12. As 13. made 14. fast 15. did 16. ever 17. that 18. did Translation