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成都七中15级初一下英语期末考试试题及答案

初2015级七年级下期期末考试英语试题

Made and checked by Lu Yu and Cheng Y u 亲爱的同学，请阅读以下提示：

1.试卷满分150分，A 卷（100分）和B 卷（50分）。考试时间120分钟。

2.请用2B 铅笔，将A 卷1-85小题的答案填图在机读卡相应的位置。用钢笔或签字笔将B 卷各题的答案按编号写在答题卷上。

A 卷（100分）

第一部分听力部分（共25小题，计分25分）

一．听句子，根据你所听到的内容选择正确的答语。每题念两遍。（共6小题，每小题1分，计6分）

( )1. A. Yes, I do. B. No, I can ’t. C. Yes, I did.

( )2. A. It ’s 5 kilometers. B. It ’s about 15 minutes. C. I take a subway.

( )3. A. Not bad. B. It ’s fine. C. I ’m going to a movie.

( )4.A. Having a test. B. Watch TV . C. Camped by the lake.

( )5. A. Yes, I do. B. Sports. C. No, I didn ’t.

( )6.A. It ’s sunny. B. It ’s snowy. C. It was hot.

二．听句子，选择与你所听到的句子意思相符合的图片,并将代表图片的字母填在答题卡相应的位置。每题念两遍。 (共4小题，每小题1分，计4分)

A B C D

7_________________ 8_________________ 9________________ 10_________________

三．听对话，根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案,每题念两遍。（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)

( )11.A. The story telling club B.Telling stories. C. The art club.

( )12. A. At 6:00. B: At 9:30. C. For half an hour.

( )13. A. About 30 minutes. B. About 5 kilometers. C. About 13 kilometers.

( )14. A. Wear a school uniform. B. Bring music players to school. C.Be on time

( )15. A. Koalas. B. Pandas. C. Lions.

( )16. A. Doing the homework. B. Doing the dishes. C. Taking a walk

( )17. A. Fine B. Snowy. C. Not bad.

( )18. A. Yes, there is. B. No, there isn ’t. C. It ’s on Center Street.

( )19. A. He is heavy. B. He has red hair. C. He ’s tall and thin.

( )20. A. Played computer games. B. Went to a movie. C. Played badminton.

四．听短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，短文念三遍。（共5小题，每题1分，计5分）

( )21. Where is Mrs Black from?

A. America.

B. The UK.

C. Sichuan.

(

)22. What does she look like?

A. She is a little heavy.

B.She has long curly blonde hair.

C. She is friendly. ( )23. What is she interested in?

A.Students.

B. Taking photos.

C. Tofu.

( )24. Does she like eating mapo tofu?

A. No, she doesn’t.

B. I don’t know.

C.Yes, she does.

( ) 25. Why does she like pandas?

A. Because they’re fun.

B. Because they’re cute.

C. Because they’re heavy.

第二部分基础知识运用（共45小题，计分45分）

五．选择填空。(共25小题；每题l分，计分25分)

A.选出与下列各句中画线部分意思相近或相同的选项。（共4小题，每小题1分，计4分）A. having fun

B. would like

C. gets lost

D. got to

( )26. He wants to camp by the lake but I think it’s a little dangerous to do that.

( )27.The students arrived at the museum five minutes ago.

( )28. This little elephant can remember places, he never loses his way in the forest.

( )29. He is having a great time visiting the Natural History Museum now.

B. 从以下各题的A, B,C, 三个选项中选择正确的答案。（共17小题，每小题1分，计17分) ( )30. --- Look there’s a painting on the floor. Is __________ painting yours, Joe?

--- No, I don’t have a painting at all.

A. a

B. the

C. /

( )31. I’d like an _________ for breakfast. Fruit, you know, is good for health.

A. onion

B. orange juice

C. ice cream with chocolate ( )32. ---Mom, I’m hungry. Let’s have dumplings for lunch!

--- OK. Let’s go to buy some________ dumplings.

A.mutton and carrots

B. beef and cabbages

C. mutton and cabbage ( )33. --- Excuse me. Is there a post office in the neighborhood?

--- Yes, there’s ________ on Bridge Street. It’s not far from here.

A. it

B. one

C. that

( )34. There isn’t a teacher in the classroom and all the students are talking. So the classroom is ________.

A.quiet

B. strict

C. noisy

( )35. --- _______ did you visit the History Museum? --- A week ago.

A.What

B. Where

C. When

( )36. --- Who did you go to the movie ________? --- My friend.

A.about

B. with

C. for

( )37. --- What kind of birthday cakes do you like?

--- I like this one with strawberries. It ________ delicious.

A. sounds

B. feels

C. tastes

( )38. --- Hi, Bruce, why do you look so tired?

--- I _______ late to watch the football games last night.

A. got up

B. stayed up

C. woke up

( )39. --- Where is Bob？He asked me to go swimming this evening.

--- Maybe he ________ in the bedroom now.

A. is swimming

B. is watching TV

C. is camping

( )40. --- I don ’t like to have cake on my birthday. How about you?

---I don ’t like it,________. I like eating noodles.

A.too

B. either

C. or

( )41. --- Ask him not to eat too much candy, it ’s not good for his ________.

--- That ’s right, but he always ________ them after eating.

A. tooth, washes

B. health, showers

C. teeth, brushes

( )42. -- Hello, Rick is speaking.

--- Hi, Rick. ________ Linda. How is it going?

A. I am

B. It ’s

C. That ’s

( )43. --- Would you like some noodles? --- ________.

A. Yes, please

B. No, I don ’t.

C. Yes, I like some.

( )44. --- Excuse me. Is there a hotel ________ the hospital?

--- Yes. It ’s also next to a bank, so the hotel is between the hospital and the bank.

A. across from

B. next to

C. in front of

( )45. ---How was your school trip, Yang?

--- It was ________. We had a great fun visiting the art museum.

A. excellent

B. terrible

C. OK

( )46. ---Can you tell me ________ , Tom?

--- Some stories in the newspaper.

A. when you read

B. what you read

C. how you read

C. 补全对话。根据对话，从右边方框中选出适当的选项补全对话。（共4小题，计4分） A: Can I help you?

B: Yes, please. Tomorrow is Father ’s Day. 47

A: Good guy! 48

B: I want to buy him a shirt. A: What color does he like? B: Blue. A: Is he thin or heavy? B: 49

A: What size does he wear?

B: Size M

A: How about this one, it ’s blue and it ’s your father ’s size.

B: Let me have a look. 50

A: 158 Yuan.

B: OK. I ’ll take it.

六. 完型填空。通读下面的两篇短文，根据短文内容从A ，B ，C,选项中选入可填入空白的最佳答案。（共20题，每小题1分，计20分）

It is the year 2050 now. Tom and I want to visit the Mars. It is a planet (行星) far away from our planet---the 51 .

Our spaceship (太空船) flew 52 two weeks to get to the Mars. When we arrived, we 53 the door of the spaceship and looked out. The weather there 54 sunny and hot. We saw an alien (外星人) behind a tree. 55 is very tall and big and has brown hair.“Help me!” 56 the alien.Then we saw some monsters (怪兽) running after 57 alien from the A. He is of medium build. B. How much is it? C. What would you like to buy? D. I want to buy a gift for my father.

house near a tree. They wanted to kill him. So we had to run away 58 !We both moved to the 59 and jumped in. We also took the alien into our spaceship and 60 him. What an exciting day!

( )51. A. Moon B. Earth C. Sun

( )52. A. for B. on C. in

( )53. A. closed B. opened C. had

( )54. A. did B. was C. isn’t

( )55. A. Him B. He C. They

( )56. A. shouted B. talked C. told

( )57. A. another B. other C. others

( )58.A. quickly B. easily C. luckily

( )59. A. house B. spaceship C. tree

( )60. A.scared B. interested C. saved

The weather is always different from time to time. Sometimes it is sunny, and sometimes it is 61 . If you ask me which 62 weather is my favorite, I would 63 it’s the snowy days, because I can find many things that make me happy in 64 times.

I can do many fun things when it snows. If I have a friend 65 me, we will do anything interesting. All we want to do is to sleep on the ground. 66 snowmen is a good idea, too. I will make a snowman that looks 67 my friend, and she will make one that is just like me. I will never 68 snowball fights. It is my favorite thing 69 when it snows. When we

70 to fight, our laughs are everywhere.

I love the snowy days because they make me happy. How about you? Do you like it too? ( )61.A. rainy B. snow C. fine

( )62. A.lots of B. a little C.kind of

( )63. A. speak B. say C. tell

( )64. A. those B. that C. this

( )65. A.has B. with C. and

( )66. A. Taking B. Playing C. Making

( )67. A. at B. like C. for

( )68. A. know B. remember C. forget

( )69. A. to do B. doing C. do

( )70. A. start B. began C. got

第三部分阅读理解（共15小题，计分30分）

七．阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂A，错误的涂B。（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）

Mike likes climbing the mountains very much. One day he went climbing in the countryside. After three hours, he felt tired, then he started to sleep under a big tree. When he woke up, he saw a tiger not far from him. He jumped up and ran away quickly. When he got to a road, a car came and nearly(几乎)stopped, Mike opened the door of the car and jumped in. He got a terrible surprise when he was in the car, there was nobody in the driver’s place. He was so afraid that he closed his eyes.The car moved slowly and it stopped at last. He opened his eyes and saw a man

open the door and he wanted to sit in driver’s place. Mike said to him, “Don’t get in. The car can drive by itself (它自己). ”But the man said, “The car couldn’t move on the mountain and I pushed (推)it all the way down .”

( )71. Mike likes to climb the mountains.

( )72. Mike saw a tiger not far from him when he woke up.

( )73. Mike got a terrible surprise in the car because there was a tiger driving the car.

( )74. The car move slowly down by itself.

( )75. A man pushed the car all the way down from the mountain.

八．阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。（共10小题，每小题2分，计20分）

( )76. When will the students in Grade Seven have a school trip?

A. Next week

B. Next Friday

C. At 7:30

( )77. If the students want to know more about the trip rules, they can call _____________.

A. 84433627

B. 86334296

C. their head teacher

( )78. What must the students have if they want to take photos during the trip?

A. School uniforms.

B. Say hello to the driver.

C. Good camera.

( )79. When and where do the students meet?

A. On the playground at7:30.

B. On the bus at 8:00.

C. At Shuijingfang at 7:30 ( )80. What do the students have to write in their diary?

A. Their emails.

B. Their name and class.

C.Their photos.

Tea is a popular drink in China. Many people can’t live if they don’t have it. Chinese tea has a long history going back more than 5,000 years. A famous person over 1000 years ago wrote a book about how to make tea. Its name is The Classic of Tea.

Today, China has different kinds of tea: white, yellow, green, oolong, black, and dark tea. People in different places have different tea drinking habits. People in Guangdong and Fujian love “Kung Fu Tea” in small tea cups. People in Beijing like flower green tea. In Lasha, people like to drink salty butter tea (酥油茶) to be healthy.

There are rules for making tea for friends. It’s not good to make the cup full(满的）, because the cup will be too hot for people to hold.

( )81. Did we have tea around 5,000 years ago?

A. Yes, we did.

B. No, we didn’t.

C. I don’t know. ( )82.How many kinds of tea are there in China now?

A. There are five.

B. There are six.

C.There are seven. ( )83. What kind of tea do people in Guangdong love?

A.Salty butter tea.

B.Flower tea.

C. Kung Fu tea. ( )84. Why do the people in Lasha love salty butter tea?

A. To get thin.

B. To keep warm.

C. To keep healthy. ( )85. What is the rule of making tea for friends?

A. Make the cup full.

B. Don’t make the cup too full.

C. Don’t make it too hot.

B卷（非选择题；共50分）

一、用所给词的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷相应的题号位置上。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

1. Every morning, he takes a _______ shower and then goes to school _______.(quick)

2. It has too much ________ in Chengdu these days. Look, it is ________ again now. (rain)

3. Two weeks ago, we _______a museum. There were too many _______ there on that day. (visit)

4. He practices ________ soccer every day because he’d like _______ soccer for the national team (国家队) one day. (play)

5. Tony _______ the busy street every day because his school is ________ from his house. (cross)

二、完成对话，在对话空格中填上适当的词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）

A: Morning, Jane.

B: Hi, Jack.

A: Jane, you usually go to school in your father’s car, but why are you 1 to school now? B: It’s cool today. I enjoy going to school on foot in this kind of weather.

A: That’s right. But it will take you 2 time to get to school.

B: It’s OK. I can get up earlier. And I feel happy to meet 3 friends of mine on the way to school. Yesterday morning, I 4 Anna, and today I can go to school with you. I don’t know who 5 I will meet tomorrow morning. I really feel excited about this.

A: That’s for sure. You can talk a lot with them along the way. It can make the 6 to school fun. But you can’t walk 7 because you have to get to school on time. If you arrive late, I’m 8 you’ll be in trouble(麻烦).

B: That’s true. Our school has very strict rules. We can’t 9 them.

A: Yeah. Our teacher always tells us that following the rules is very 10 , everyone should know its importance. Oh, it’s 7:25 now, let’s hurry, or we may be late.

B: OK. Let’s go.

三、短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词并使用其适当的形式填入短文空格内，使短文

意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）

month because usual see luck relax good they or begin

After working hard for the whole term, the final exam comes with June in the end. When the exam is over, the summer vacation 1 . Boys and girls have about two 2 to relax. The summer vacation is the 3 time of the year for most children. The weather is 4 fine. They can swim, go to summer camp 5 visit other places with their parents.

Of course, the beaches are good places for 6 . Some children are 7 to live near the beach. They can often play in the water. But for the children far from the sea, they go to the beaches for one or two weeks with 8 parents.

Why do children like spending their vacation on the beaches? It is 9 they like the sunshine, the cool wind, the sea water and the sand. There are lots of new things 10 , nice things to eat, and exciting things to do.

四、阅读表达。（共15小题，计15分）

A.补全短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的A-E选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，并将代表

句子的字母填写在答题卷相应题号的位置上。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）Why didn’t my teacher believe(相信) me? I’m a good student. I really did all my homework last night, though I don’t have it now.

My teacher knows I’m busy these days. 1 I’m on the basketball team and have to practice after school every day. 2

Where is my homework? I have to say, my dog ate it.

Here is the story: Last night, I went home late and was really tired after practice. However, I didn’t forget to do my homework. I ate dinner and did it at the time. When I finished it, I suddenly dropped some meat on my paper. 3 What should I do? It was too late, I couldn’t do the homework again on another piece of paper. 4 Later, my dog Max, who loves meat very much, jumped up onto the table and ate my homework!

My teacher said it was an old story. 5 It is true this time, but no one believes me.

A. I also know many students say this all the time.

B. Our school will have a basketball game in two days.

C. So I just put my paper on the table and went to bed.

D. But that isn’t why I don’t have my homework today.

E. It made the paper quite dirty.

B. 阅读排序。阅读下列各句，根据其内容重新排列所有句子的顺序，使其构成意义完整正确、逻辑顺序合理的语篇，并将代表句子或语段的字母填写在答题卷相应的序号（6-10）的

位置上。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

Many years ago, there was a king(国王). He liked to write stories, but his stories were not good.

A. But the writer said his stories were so bad that he should put them into fire.

B. People thought he was the king, so they all said his stories were good.

C. After some time, he showed him some of his new stories again and asked what he thought of them.

D. One day the king showed his stories to a famous writer, and waited the writer to say something good about his stories.

E. The king got very angry with him and put him into a prison(监狱).

After reading them, the writer turned to the soldiers at once and said: “ Take me back to prison, please.”

6._________

7._________

8.__________

9.__________ 10.__________

C. 完成表格。阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将答案填写在答题卷相应的题号位置上。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

Swimming is a very popular game in the world. Many people like swimming in summer, and in the other three seasons too. They think water makes them feel cool and swimming make them keep healthy. But sometimes it’s also dangerous if you don’t know how to keep safe (安全的)when swimming.

If you swim in a wrong place, it may not be safe. A lot of people died(死) when they were enjoying themselves in the water, and most of them were students. Now some people are not careful in swimming. They often think they can swim very well, so nothing will happen to them in water.

If you go swimming in summer, remembering the following rules will be very useful. Don’t get into water when you are by yourself. If there is a “No swimming” sign, don’t get into water. If you remember these, swimming will be safe and enjoyable.

Topic:Swimming is a popular game, but it’s also dangerous sometimes.

A popular game Many people like swimming all year round because they 11 in water and they can 11

Reasons

(原因)

▲Someone 13 in a wrong place.

▲Someone thinks they can swim 14 well 14 nothing

will happen to them.

Solutions

(解决办法)

▲You can’t get into water when there is nobody with you.

▲You can’t get into water when you 15 a “No

swimming ” sign.

五、书面表达。（计10分）（请直接在答题卷上相应题号后的横线处书写）

学校English story telling club正在招募新成员（member），假如你叫Lucy，请根据提示给俱乐部负责老师Mr. Li写一封电子邮件。

要点如下：

1.你擅长英语，愿意加入这个俱乐部；

2.你对用英语讲故事感兴趣，能讲很多英语故事；

3.讲述一次值得你记忆的假期经历。（包括：时间与地点，天气，活动（3件），感受）

注意：

1. 恰当的过度与结尾。

2. 书写整洁，字数：60-80字，电子邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr.Li,

I know the school English story telling club wants some new members now. I’m happy to tell you ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Lucy

初2015级七年级下期期末考试英语试题

参考答案

A卷

1-5 BCAAB 6-10 CADBC 11-15 CABBA 16-20 CBACC

21-25AABCB 26-30 BDCAB 31-35 BCBCC 36-40 BCBBB

41-45 CBABA 46-50 BDCAB 51-55 BABBB 56-60 AAABC

61-65 ACBAB 66-70 CBCAA 71-75 AABBA 76-80 BBCAB 81-85 ABCCB

B 卷

一、1 quick, quickly 2 rain, raining 3 visited, visitors 4 playing, to play

5 crosses, across

二、1 walking 2 more/much 3 different/some 4 met 5 else 6 trip 7 slowly

8 afraid/sure 9 break 10 important

三、1 begins 2 months 3 best 4 usually 5 or 6 relaxing 7 lucky 8 their 9 because

10 to see

B.A. BDECA B. BDAEC

C. 11 feel cool, be/keep healthy 12 A dangerous game

13 swims 14 so, that 15 see

五、评分要点：

1.擅长英语1分

2.愿意加入这个俱乐部1分

3.用英语讲故事很感兴趣1分

4.能讲很多英语故事1分

5.过度到讲述假期经历1分

6.时间地点0.5分

7.天气0.5分

8.3件活动（分别用完整句子表达）3分

9.感受0.5分

10. 结尾0.5分

《英语语音》期末考试试卷及答案

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5. , : 1) ; 2) . V. . (20%). 1. “” . A. B. C. 2. . , . A. B. C. a 3. . A. B. C. 4. “”, “”, “”“”, “c”“k” . A. B. C. 5. “ .” . A. ’s . B. ’s . C. . 6. I’ . A. B. a C. 7. a ? A. B. C. 8. ? A. B. C. 9. a . A. B. C. ? 10. :

初一英语期末考试试题以及答案人教版

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20.joyous 21.modify 22.reaction 23.specialty 24.traditional 25.typical 26.available 27.depend 28.excited 29.habitual 30.include 31.invite 32.prediction 33.transportation https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f212578694.html,bine 35.punctuate 36.screaming 37.effective 38.generous 39.gratefully 40.immediately 41.interrupt II. Revise the following sentences. For the revision of some of the sentences, please follow the directions before them.

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ad if 命封线密

A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

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.. ;.. 一．中古英语时期 Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly a dventures or other heroic deeds. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance Renaissance r efers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth r eigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance i s the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance E ngland are Christopher Marlowe and W illiam Shakespeare. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe. Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. Thomas More ——Utopia Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene C. Beowulf D. Hamlet 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare “All t he world 's a stage, a nd all the men and women merely p layers.”——William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have