Gfsdye北美精算师大纲

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。

－－泰戈尔

基本教育阶段(6门课程)：

课程1：精算科学的数学基础

说明：这门课程的目的是为了培养关于一些基础数学工具的知识，形成从数量角度评估风险的能力，特别是应用这些工具来解决精算科学中的问题。并且假设学员在学习这门课程之前已经熟练掌握了微积分、概率论的有关内容及风险管理的基本知识。主要内容及概念：微积分、概率论、风险管理（包括损失频率、损失金额、自留额、免赔额、共同保险和风险保费）

课程2：利息理论、经济学和金融学

说明：这门课程包括利息理论，中级微观经济学和宏观经济学，金融学基础。在学习这门课程之前要求具有微积分和概率论的基础知识。主要内容及概念：利息理论，微观经济学，宏观经济学，金融学基础

课程3：随机事件的精算模型

说明：通过这门课程的学习，培养学员关于随机事件的精算模型的基础知识及这些模型在保险和金融风险中的应用。在学习这门课程之前要求熟练掌握微积分、概率论和数理统计的相关内容。建议学员

在通过课程1和课程2后学习这门课程。主要内容及概念：保险和其它金融随机事件，生存模型，人口数据分析，定量分析随机事件的金融影响

课程4：精算建模方法

说明：该课程初步介绍了建立模型的基础知识和用于建模的重要的精算和统计方法。在学习这门课程之前要求熟练掌握微积分、线性代数、概率论和数理统计的相关内容。

主要内容及概念：

模型－模型的定义

－为何及如何使用模型

－模型的利弊

－确定性的和随机性的模型

－模型选择

－输入和输出分析

－敏感性检验

－研究结果的检验和反馈

方法－回归分析

－预测

－风险理论

－信度理论

课程5－精算原理应用

说明：这门课程提供了产品设计，风险分类，定价/费率拟定/建立保险基金，营销，分配，管理和估价的学习。覆盖的范围包括金融保障计划,职工福利计划，事故抚恤计划，政府社会保险和养老计划及一些新兴的应用领域如产品责任，担保的评估，环境的维护成本和制造业的应用。

该课程的学习材料综合了各种计划和覆盖范围以展示精算原理在各研究领域中应用的一致性和差异性。为了鼓励这种学习方法，该课程在研究各精算课题，如定价等时考虑该课题在各领域中的应用而不是相反。

主要内容及概念：计划和产品设计，风险分类原理和技术，精算原理和实务在定价、费率拟定、建立保险基金及传统和新兴的应用领域中的应用，营销、分配和管理，负债和保险基金评估的精算技术课程6－投资和资产管理

说明：该课程是用于投资和资产负债管理领域的精算原理的拓展。学员在完成该课程的学习后，将会对资本市场、投资工具、衍生证券及应用、投资组合管理和资产－负债管理有深入的了解。主要内容及概念：资本市场和基本投资原理，投资工具，衍生证券，投资组合管理的原理，资产－负债管理

财产和意外险精算师学会(CAS)考试制度介绍

从2005年春季开始考试体系变更如下：

第一阶段是准精算师(ACAS)，要求通过以下七大部分课程：

EXAM 1：概率论（包含微积分） 3小时 (联合考试, =SOA EXAM P) EXAM 2：金融数学（利息理论） 2小时 (联合考试, =SOA EXAM MF) EXAM 3：统计和精算模型 4小时 (CAS单独命题)

EXAM 4：精算建模（拟合模型和信度） 4小时 (联合考

试, =SOA EXAM C)

EXAM 5：非寿险原理和费率厘订 4小时

EXAM 6：准备金、保险会计准则和再保险 4小时

EXAM 7：年度报表、税收和法规 4小时 (分美国和加拿大体系)

第二阶段是精算师(FCAS)，要求通过以下两大部分课程：

EXAM 8：投资和金融分析 4小时

EXAM 9：高级费率厘订、收益率和个体风险费率厘订计划 4小时

CAS考试的EXAM 1采用计算机联网考试（CBT），CAS考试的EXAM 2-4采取单项选择

（multiple choice）形式出卷， EXAM 5-9采取单项选择+问答题（multiple choice +

essay）形式出卷。考生通过EXAM 1-7、三门VEE以及

CAS Course on Professionalism后

可获得ACAS资格证书；完成全部九门课程、三门VEE以及

CAS Course on

Professionalism后，方可获得FCAS资格证书。

CAS每年春季、夏季和秋季举办三次考试，每门成绩采取10分制。6-10分表示已通过该门

课程的考试，0-5分表示未通过。考生在考试后2个月左右将收到成绩报告单，通过考试

者成绩一律标注为PASS；未通过者则被告知具体分数，分数越高表示距通过分数线越

近。每年通过分数线均不相同，由负责每门课程的委员收集历年试题的难易程度系数确

定该门课程的初步通过分数线，上报专职副会长审定批准。

CAS考试资料分为Web Note和Study Kit。其中Web Note是多篇相互独立的文章，可以从

CAS网站上下载；而Study Kit则通常是教材章节或者指定资料，必须向协会订购。

Study Manual 是CAS的复习资料，针对Web Note和Study Kit的内容进行总结归纳，不由协会提供。

Study Notes:

SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,).

Code Title

1-05-01 Course 1 Introductory Study Note

1-09-00 Sample Examination #1

1-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 1

1-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 1

1-21-00 Risk and Insurance

1-22-00 Chapter 4.10 and 12 from Risk Management and Insurance by C.A.Williams, Jr., and M.L., Smith, 1998, Mcgram-Hill, (background rea ding)

Texts

1、 Principles of Corporate Finance (Sixth Edition), 2000, by Brealey,R.

A. and Myers, S.C., Chapter 1,4-21, and 28

2、 Price Theory and Application (Fourth Edition), 1999, by Landsburg,S .E., Chapters 1-5,7-8,9(9.3 only), 10-11, and 14

3、 Theory of Interest (Second Edition), 1991, by Kellison, S.G.,Chapters 1-3 (exclude 3.6 3.7, 3.10 ), 4-5 (exclude 5.7-5.9), 6 (exclude 6.7-6.8), 7 (7.3-7.4 only), and 8 (8.5-8.6 only).

Study Notes:

SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,).

Code Title

2-05-01 Course 2 Introductory Study Note

2-09-00 Sample Examination #1

2-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 2

2-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 2

2-21-00 Macroeconomics (Third Printing)

Texts

1. Actuarial Mathematics ( Second Edition ), 1997, by Bowers, N.U., Hic kman, J.C., Jones, D.A. amd Nesbitt, C.J., Chapters 5.1-5.4, 6.1-6.4, 7.1-7.6, Chapter 8, Section 9.1-9.8, Chpters 10 and 13 (excluding autoregressi ve discrete-time model and appendix ), Section 14.5.

Note: some notation presented in Chapters 13-14 of Actuarial Mathematic s is introduced in Chapter 12. Candidates may find it helpful to refre to C hapter 12 when studying the readings in Chapters 13 and 14.

2. Introduction to Probability Models ( Seventh Edition ), 2000, by Ross, S.M., Sections 2.8, 4.1-4.4, 4.5.1, 4.6, 5.3-5.4, 6.1-6.5, 6.8, 10.1-10.4.

3. Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, 1998, by Klugman, S.A., Panjer , H.H., and Willmot, G.E., Sections 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2 ( Definitions 2.10, 2. 11, 2.12 and 2,13 only), 2.6 (pp. 74-77, 83 only), 2.7 (excluding Example

2.51), 2.10 (excluding 2.10.1 and following ), 31,

3.2.1-3.2.2, 3.3.1-3.3.2,

3.4.1, 3.5 (through the first full paragragh on page 222), 3.6.1, 3.7 (exclu ding 3.7.1 and 3.7.2), 3.9 (Example 3.29 only ), 3.10 (excluding Example 3.34 and following ), 3.10.2 (excluding Example 3.38 and following ), 4.1

-4.3, 4.5-4.6 (excluding 4.6.5.2 ), 4.8, 4.9.4 (page 336 only ), 6.2.3, 6.3.1, 6.3.2.1.

4. Simulation ( Second Edition ), 1997, by Ross, S.M., Sections 3.1, 4.1-4 .3, Chapter 5 (excluding

5.3 ), and Chapter

6.

5. Survival Analysis, 1997, by Klein, J.P., and Moeschberger, M.L., Chapt ers 2-3 ( excluding 3.6)

Study Notes:

SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,).

Code Title

3-05-01 Course 2 Introductory Study Note

3-09-00 Sample Examination #1

3-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 3

3-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 3

3-22-00 "Stochastic Models for Continuing Care Retirement Communi ties,"NAAJ, V ol.1, No.1, pp. 50-64

Texts

1. Econometric Models and Economic Forecasts ( Fourth Edition ), 1998, by Pindyck, R.S. and Rubinfeld, D.L., Chapters 3-7, 15-18.

2. Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, 1998, by Klugman, S.A., Panjer , H.H., and Willmot, G.E., Sections 1.5, 2.2-2.6, 2.8-2.10,

3.2.3, 3.3.3-3.3. 4, 3.

4.2, 3.5, 3.10.1 ( Beginning with Example 3.34 ),

5.1-5.5 (excluding 5.4.6 and 5.5.3 ).

3. Simulation ( Second Edition ), 1997, by Ross, S.M., Chapter 7 and Cha pter 9.

4. Survival Analysis, 1997, by Klein, J.P., and Moeschberger, M.L., Chapt ers 4, 5 ( excluding

5.2 ), 6 ( excluding

6.4 ), 7 (sections

7.1-7.3 only ) an d

8.

Study Notes:

SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,). Code Title

4-05-01 Course 4 Introductory Study Note

4-09-00 Sample Examination #1

4-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 4

4-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 4.

SOA 改革全文

Updated Information for Candidates and Members Education Redesign

In August 2003, the Working Groups for the Education Redesign project, with the supportand endorsement of the Board of Governors published its recommendations for the education and examination process of the Society of Actuaries. That report is available at

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,/eande/report_membership03.pdf).

Work on developing a final implementation plan ensued along with a commentary period during which, you, our candidates and members, submitted questions and comments. This update describes the final design, conversion mapping and implementation plans.

A web cast "Town Hall" session to discuss the design and conversion plan,

is being prepared for the first quarter of 2004. Please be sure to watch

your email boxes and our web site, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html, for information as it becomes available.

Associateship Requirements

Under the redesign plan, the candidate is required to complete the Preliminary Education requirements, the Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice (FAP) Course, and the Associateship Professionalism Course (APC) for the ASA designation. The Preliminary Education requirements and the FAP Course may be attempted concurrently.

The Preliminary Education Component will consist of

(i) pre-requisites,

(ii) subjects to be validated by educational experience, and

(iii) four examinations.

Pre-requisites are topics that will assist candidates in their exam

progress and work life but will not be directly tested or validated:

Calculus

Linear Algebra

Introductory Accounting

Business Law

Mathematical Statistics

Validated by Educational Experience (VEE) Subjects are subjects for which candidates will demonstrate knowledge by submitting transcripts and course descriptions from formal courses. Submissions will be reviewed to determine whether they meet the stated criteria. Economics. The requirement will be

two semesters, one each of introductory microeconomics and macroeconomics.

A one-semester survey course will not qualify.

Corporate Finance. The requirement will typically be met by a course with

an introductory corporate finance course as a prerequisite.

Applied Statistical Methods. The course must cover both time series and regression (or a candidate may submit two courses). Detailed learning objectives for the three VEE subjects will be included in the final

syllabus publication, scheduled for Summer 2004. Candidates will be able to compare those learning objectives to the descriptions of the courses they

will submit under this plan. VEE submissions will be accepted starting on January 1, 2005. Submission procedures will be published prior to that date. There are three mechanisms by which VEE can be accomplished:

1. Completion, with a pre-set grade, of one or more courses offered by a recognized college or university and approved by the sponsoring organizations.

a. Candidates or faculty members would submit a course or courses for consideration.

b. Generally, the only submission required for course approval will be the

entry in the catalog, including pre-requisites and a description of the

course. At its discretion, the committee making the determination may

request additional information.

c. To earn validation for an approved course, a candidate must receive a

grade of B- or better. If the course is repeated, the highest grade earned

can be used. If the institution does not use letter grading, the

institution will be consulted to determine an appropriate translation.

2. Achieving a pre-set score on a standardized examination, as determined

by the sponsoring organizations.

a. Specified score minimums on the Advanced Placement (AP) tests and College Level Examination Program (CLEP) tests for micro and macroeconomics will be accepted as VEE credit for economics.

b. The committee responsible for VEE implementation will determine which other examinations qualify and the score required for credit. Additional

research will be done regarding options such as the CFA exams.

c. Two of the actuarial exams for which specific course credit was not

received during the 2000 conversion can satisfy VEE, as follows:

i. Unused PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 120 (Applied

Statistical Methods) examination may be used for validation of Applied Statistics.

ii. Unused PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 220 (Introduction to Asset Management and Corporate Finance) may be used for validation of Corporate Finance and Economics. Additional details on these two options are included under the conversion mapping section of this document.

3. Completion of educational experiences as approved by the sponsoring organizations. The CAS or SOA may choose to offer educational experience in a particular subject. Other vendors of educational programs may provide eligible educational experiences. By definition, a CAS or SOA experience would be accepted. All other options would need to be approved by the committee responsible for VEE.

Preliminary Education Examinations

Exam P, Probability: Probability and supporting calculus; validated by a three-hour examination.

Exam MF, Mathematics of Finance: Theory of interest and introduction to financial economics; validated by a two-hour examination.

Exam M, Models for Quantifying Risk: Life contingencies, frequency models and aggregate loss models; validated by a four-hour examination.

Exam C, Construction and Evaluation of Risk Models: Fitting parametric

and nonparametric models and credibility; validated by a four

hour-examination.

Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice

The e-Learning component of ASA level education (previously referred to as the ASA Course) has an official new name - Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice (FAP) Course. As introduced in the August 2003 report, the module topics will be presented in the context of a control cycle.

Module 1, Role of the Professional Actuary: Provide the basic framework for actuarial work and functions using a control cycle as a framework.

Module 2, Core External Forces: Provide an understanding of how core external

forces, outside of the actuary's sphere, integrate into actuarial work.

Module 3, Typical Actuarial Problems: Provide an introduction to concepts within the context of common actuarial problems and assignments.

Module 4, Solutions to Selected Actuarial Problems: Demonstrate how a

complete control cycle is applied, through selected examples and sample solutions.

Module 5, Design and Pricing of an Actuarial Solution: Introduce and define common models for each area of practice.

Module 6, Selection of an Actuarial Design and Model: Given a problem, find a solution by going through the entire process to select a model.

Module 7, Selection of Initial Assumptions: Introduce the process and considerations in selecting assumptions as a component of finalizing the design solution and moving toward monitoring results.

Module 8, Monitoring Experience - Model and Assumptions: Establish the link between designing the solution and monitoring the results via techniques for monitoring experience.

Validation Plan for Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice

1. To maintain standards, validation (including interactions embedded in

the content, end-of-module tests and end-of-module exercises) will occur throughout the course.

2. Candidates will also be formally evaluated via computerized,

multiple-choice

examinations. The first examination will cover content in Modules 1-5 and the

second examination will cover content in Modules 6-8. These exams will be administered securely and frequently, with a potential to evolve to "on demand"

over time.

Associateship Professionalism Course (APC)

The APC objectives are unchanged from the current description.

Fellowship Requirements

For the FSA designation, the candidate would be required to complete all of the ASA

requirements plus the following additional educational elements:

1. Two practice-specific examinations

a. Examination DP Design & Pricing

b. Examination CSP Company/Sponsor Perspective

2. Several e-learning modules that will use the same Internet-based systems

as the FAP course

3. A capstone module or seminar

4. The Fellowship Admissions Course (FAC)

Conversion Mapping

In establishing conversion rules, the major motivating factor was

simplicity while assuring a balance of equity and equivalence. This plan

does not involve the granting of partial credits or the splitting of the

new examinations. The conversion mapping has been adjusted to reflect many of the comments we received on the Summer 2003 Report to the Membership on the Education Redesign. In addition, the ASA Course has been formally named "Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice" (FAP) Course, as described earlier.

The following

table outlines the conversion mapping and additional rules.

Additional rules and considerations:

Credits earned prior to 2000 will first be converted to the current

system before applying this conversion map to determine credits under the

new system.

All candidates with the ASA designation will retain that designation. However, in order to obtain an FSA, the candidate will need to have credit

for all of the educational requirements including all portions of the new

FAP Course.

Candidates will be able to earn an ASA using the current courses and ASA rules through 2006. The APC may be taken at any time following completion

of the prerequisite courses. The FAP Modules, FAP Exams, new FSA Exams and FSA Modules may not be used to satisfy any part of the current ASA requirements.

Credit for the FSA capstone module does not give credit for the FAC.

Depending on his or her individual record, a candidate who is not an ASA

may earn credit for certain FSA Exams or Modules through conversion. However, all of the ASA requirements must be met in order to achieve the

ASA designation.

Effective January 1, 2006, if a candidate has PD credits because of the

2000 conversion, they may file and execute their PD plan before completing

the current Courses 1-8.

Unused PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 120 (Applied Statistical Methods) may be used for the validation of Applied Statistics. However, if this option is elected then these PD credits may not be used to satisfy any other requirements.

Unused PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 220 (Introduction to Asset Management and Corporate Finance) may be used for validation of Corporate Finance and for validation of Economics. However,

if this option is elected then these PD credits may not be used to satisfy

Successful completion of EA-2, Segment A and/or EA-2, Segment B will give the candidate credit for specified portion(s) of the FSA component for the

U.S. Pension track.

We expect that candidates will receive conversion transcripts following the release of grades from the May 2004 examination session. Candidates may submit questions on any aspect of the redesign to eq2005@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html, or ombudsperson@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f52539613.html,

中国精算师资格考试体系简介

中国精算师资格考试体系简介 中国精算师资格考试体系简介中国精算师资格考试体系简介建立中国保险精算制度的基本思路是在其保险精算监管系统中实行首席精算师签字的精算报告制度，制度本身包括两个方面的内容：中国精算师认可制度和保险公司的精算报告制度。 1、中国精算师认可制度 认可制度中国保险业的精算师认可制度是实行考试认可制度。考生通过保险监管部门要求的全部课程考试，可取得中国精算师考试合格证书。 纵观世界各国，大体有两种精算师认可制度。一是考试认可制度，即设定一系列考试课，无论什么教育背景，只要通过全部考试，即可获得精算师资格。这以北美精算师协会和英国精算师协会的考试最为典型，属于这种类型的国家有英、美、加、澳、日本等国家。二是学历认可制度，通常在大学设立精算专业，类似于准精算师和精算师水平，分本科和研究生两个阶段，精算专业研究生毕业，即可获得精算师资格。属于这种类型的有德、法、意、瑞士、西班牙、荷兰、巴西、墨西哥等国家。这两种制度也有其共同点，一是对保险公司的指定精算师或首席精算师，除要求精算师资格外，还要求最低的精算专业从业年限，强调精算工作业绩。 中国精算教育始于1988年南开大学招收第一届中美联合培养

的精算研究生，至今，国内已有近20所院校招收精算专业本科生、研究生，精算教育目前还有迅速发展的趋向。但这些院校师资力量、教学水平差别很大，又没有统一的课程设置标准，如采用学历认可制度，很难控制精算师的质量。有鉴于此，借鉴英、美等国经验，建立中国精算师资格考试制度是符合中国现状的。 中国精算师的职业制度基本思路在考试认可制度下，取得精算师考试合格证书仅是精算师职业制度的开端：①取得中国精算师资格证书者，若以精算师名义在商业保险机构执业，还需向中国保监会申请注册，在取得精算师执业证书后，方可执业：②执业的精算师应加入精算师的专业团体中国精算师协会，每年需参加中国精算师协会规定的职业培训，接受其监督管理；③保险公司聘请一名执业精算师作为公司的首席精算师，并报中国保监会备案(首席精算师需经中国保监会的资格审查认可)；④首席精算师离职应当报中国保险监督管理委员会备案。保险公司解除其首席精算师的职务，应当向中国保险监督管理委员会陈述理由，并报中国保险监督管理委员会备案。 2、保险公司精算报告制度 配合中国保险业精算监管系统的建立和完善，中国保监会将逐步建立保险公司的精算报告制度。在每一经营年度完了，保险公司除应向保险监管部门提交精算财务报告外，还必须提供由公司首席精算师签署的有关精算报告，其基本内容是(1)提供各项准备金评估时所采用的精算假设、计算方法、并列明各项准备金结果等；(2)公司偿付能力、财务稳定性分析：(3)模拟、测算不同运营环境下，公司现金

PAK Study Manual QF-北美精算师(QFIQF)

Intro-Maths-Fin-1 Financial Derivatives (A Brief Introduction ) Background This chapter deals with the two basic building blocks of financial derivatives: 1. Options 2. Forwards and futures. We briefly introduce the third class of derivative: swap. We see how a complex swap can be decomposed into a number of forwards and options. Definitions Derivatives securities are financial contracts that ‘derive’ their value from cash market instruments such as stocks, bonds, currencies and commodities. At the time of the maturity of the derivative contract, denoted by T , the price F(T) of the derivative asset is completely determined by the market price of the underlying asset (S T ). For instance, the value at maturity (T ) of a long position in a call option of strike (K) written on an asset (S T ) is: Max [S T ?K ;0] Also, the value of time T of a long position in a forward contract of forward price (F) written on an underlying asset worth (S(T) at time T is given by: S (T )?F Types of derivatives We group derivatives into three general headings: 1. Futures, Forwards, Repos, Reverse Repos and Flexible Repos (Basic building blocks ) 2. Options and 3. Swaps Many of these instruments will be discussed in other parts of the syllabus for the QF Exam. The underlying asset : We let (S t ) represent the price of the relevant cash instrument, which we call the underlying asset . The five main groups of underlying asset : We list five main groups of underlying assets:

【SOA】我用这个秘诀,快速搞定美国精算师FM考试

我用这个秘诀，快速搞定北美精算师考试FM 科目…… 宏景4月传捷报， 北美精算师考试看宏景。 宏景国际教育在北美精算师SOA考试 2018年3月期的Exam FM通过率再创辉煌！ 近日，2018年3月的北美精算师考试Exam FM科目考试成绩公布，宏景学员ZHUOFU LI、XIAOFENG YAN、YIDAN CAO、CHONGPU LIU、LAN LIU、JINPENG GAO、JING LIANG等又一批学员在准精算师ASA阶段考试中，Exam FM 考试内容合格。 接下来，让我们来一睹学员Exam FM 考试合格成绩截图（因涉及信息保护，只展示部分学员成绩截图）★

有点小激动，这是有史以来第一次，我们SOA学员Exam FM考试通过人数最多的一次；这是有史以来我们学员Exam FM科目通过率最高的一次……对，你没有看错！！ 这些喜人成绩的取得与宏景国际教育有口碑的SOA教学质量是分不开的。宏景国际教育北美精算师特训营，提供从考试申请、考位预定、课程培训，到牌照申请等一站式服务，让你有更多的时间和精力去准备考试。全职海归组成的教师团队采用单对单教学模式传授SOA考试金牌秘籍；全球最权威、最经典SOA ASM教

材让你的学习事半功倍……在课堂教学和报考服务、工作推荐等工作上形成一套特色体系，使人才培养质量达到更高的水平。 在此，我们对在此次考试中取得优异成绩的学员表示祝贺。同时，希望他们再接再厉，在新的起点上，奋发图强，坚持不懈，争取更大的辉煌。也希望其他学员能够学习总结师兄师姐成功经验、锲而不舍，在自己的SOA考试中取得优秀的成绩。 来源：宏景AICPA 原创分享，转载请联系授权，未经授权禁止转载。文中图片部分来自于网络，版权归原作所有，如有侵权行为请联系删除。

中国精算师资格考试体系简介

中国精算师资格考试体系简介 建立中国保险精算制度的基本思路是在其保险精算监管系统中实行首席精算师签字的精算报告制度，制度本身包括两个方面的内容：中国精算师认可制度和保险公司的精算报告制度。 1、中国精算师认可制度 认可制度中国保险业的精算师认可制度是实行考试认可制度。考生通过保险监管部门要求的全部课程考试，可取得中国精算师考试合格证书。 纵观世界各国，大体有两种精算师认可制度。一是考试认可制度，即设定一系列考试课，无论什么教育背景，只要通过全部考试，即可获得精算师资格。这以北美精算师协会和英国精算师协会的考试最为典型，属于这种类型的国家有英、美、加、澳、日本等国家。二是学历认可制度，通常在大学设立精算专业，类似于准精算师和精算师水平，分本科和研究生两个阶段，精算专业研究生毕业，即可获得精算师资格。属于这种类型的有德、法、意、瑞士、西班牙、荷兰、巴西、墨西哥等国家。这两种制度也有其共同点，一是对保险公司的指定精算师或首席精算师，除要求精算师资格外，还要求最低的精算专业从业年限，强调精算工作业绩。 中国精算教育始于1988年南开大学招收第一届中美联合培养的精算研究生，至今，国内已有近20所院校招收精算专业本科生、研究生，精算教育目前还有迅速发展的趋向。但这些院校师资力量、教学水平差别很大，又没有统一的课程设置标准，如采用学历认可制度，很难控制精算师的质量。有鉴于此，借鉴英、美等国经验，建立中国精算师资格考试制度是符合中国现状的。 中国精算师的职业制度基本思路在考试认可制度下，取得精算师考试合格证书仅是精算师职业制度的开端：①取得中国精算师资格证书者，若以精算师名义在商业保险机构执业，还需向中国保监会申请注册，在取得精算师执业证书后，方可执业：②执业的精算师应加入精算师的专业团体中国精算师协会，每年需参加中国精算师协会规定的职业培训，接受其监督管理；③保险公司聘请一名执业精算师作为公司的首席精算师，并报中国保监会备案 (首席精算师需经中国保监会的资格审查认可)；④首席精算师离职应当报中国保险监督管理委员

北美精算师ASA如何申请

北美精算师ASA如何申请 1.哪些人适合申请精算？ 这里所说的适合包含两层含义，一层是自己觉得适合，另一层是自己具备一定条件有把握收到ADMISSION或OFFER. 先说第一层，何为自己觉得适合？这里需要考虑几个问题。第一个问题是你选择专业的指导思想是什么？兴趣，热门，高薪……? 如果你选的是第一个答案那你继续往下看。第二个问题是你是否对数学感兴趣，你是否有很强的分析能力和business sense, 你是否愿意一辈子和模型打交道？这个问题的思考不仅有助于你的PS写作,而且对你今后的CAREER有指导意义，因为有些人选了精算专业，工作后才发现虽然年薪很高，可是自己事业上却有点力不从心。 第二层，你申请的胜算有多少？ 首先，我们把申请人群作个区分。申请人大致可分为在中国的和在美国的。这个区分相当重要，因为他们的录取机会相差很大。明确了自己属于哪个申请群，你就知道自己的竞争对手和应该怎样使你的申请材料超越对手。 如果你在美国，那恭喜你。只要你有足够的MONEY，录取不是件很难的事。不管你以前是学什么专业的，你都有机会被录取。 计算机，机械，环境，英语，文学，教育……NO PROBLEM! 美国的高等教育很普及，大学只要你有钱都能上。有些人可能想不通，为

什么念英语的也能念精算？但是，这就是事实。在这念精算的中国人很多，背景五花八门，不过大家都念得很好。 如果你在中国，那也恭喜你，因为你受到了挑战。人生有什么比受到挑战更快乐的了？它使你超越别人和自我。拿破仑说过：我感谢困难，因为它像篱笆，把不如我的都挡在了后面。 挑战之一来自你的专业，因为你属于这个申请群，所以你的专业必须和精算有联系。这包括数学，统计，金融（保险，投资，银行），会计等等。 挑战之二来自你的背景。因为国内的申请人数庞大，所以你必须脱颖而出。你的竞争对手很强，你必须比他们更强。 挑战之三来自你的签证。美国签证很难，精算签证尤胜。 看到这有些人垂头丧气，有些人手舞足蹈。前者对生活抱悲观态度，后者则用乐观向上的精神指引人生。你属于哪种？你希望自己是哪种？要不要改变？申请的过程是痛苦的，每个人都会有软弱的时候，你必须有一个强大的精神支柱！ 2、材料的准备 所有申请材料中两样东西最重要，成绩单和PS。成绩单是死的，PS是活的。 如果你是大一大二或者大三，那你的成绩单也是活的，趁着在校多修修很精算有关的课程。 以下着重阐述PS写作。

北美精算师考试内容及考试制度精算师考试.doc

北美精算师考试制度分为二个阶段：第一阶段是准精算师（ＡＳＡ）。目前对准精算师的考试要求为300学分。除了100系列的11门课程（复利数学、精算数学等）外，还须通过200系列的4门课程（经济保障计划、精算实务等）。每门课在10至30学分不等。 学员在获得300学分后即成为ASA，之后可继续考FSA课程。ASAl00系列的11门课程的考试均采用英文试卷，选择题形式，考试时间分别为1个半小时至4个小时不等；200系列采用英语书写答题形式。考生是否通过某一门课程考试以及所获得的分数，是到该课程全部试卷批完后，按成绩顺序排列后确定的。 第二阶段是精算师（ＦＳＡ）。考生在取得准精算师资格证书后方可参加ＦＳＡ课程考试。目前把精算师的考试课程分为财务、团体与健康保险、个人人寿与健康保险、养老金、投资五个方向，每个方向又分若干门课，每门课学分在10至30分不等。要取得ＦＳＡ资格必须通过以上一个方向的所有课程考试，以及再选择以上方向的其他课程，使学分达到150分，即学分总计要达到450分。当ＦＳＡ要素的课程考试全部通过后，考生还要参加最后一门课程：正式精算师认可课程（ＦＡＣ），其内容主要是职业道德和案例，时间为二天半，一般只要自始至终参加，在结束后的晚宴上会获得ＦＳＡ证书。 北美精算师协会的考点分布在全世界各个国家和地区，考试每年5月和11月举行两次，考试时间由北美精算师协会确定，世界各地统一，考卷由北美精算师协会提供。

报名及考试地点：南开大学、湖南财经学院、复旦大学、中国人民大学、中山大学、中国科技大学、陕西财经学院、平安总公司 北美精算学会考试课程 准精算师考试： 100系列课程：100微积分和线性代数、110概率论和数理统计、120应用统计、130运筹学、135数值分析、140复利数学、150精算数学、151风险理论、160生存模型和生命表编制、161人口数学、165匀修数学 200系列课程：200经济保障计划概论、210精算实务概论、220资产管理和公司财务概论、230资产和负债管理原理 正精算师的考试课程分为五个方向： 一财务 包括科目：财务管理、公司财务等 二团体和健康保险 包括科目：团体和个人健康保险的设计和销售等 三个人人寿和年金保险 包括科目：个人人寿和年金保险的精算实务调查、人寿保险法和税收等 四养老金

北美精算师考试官方样题2015-12-exam-fm-syllabus

Financial Mathematics Exam—December 2015 The Financial Mathematics exam is three-hour exam that consists of 35 multiple-choice questions and is administered as a computer-based test. For additional details, please refer to Exam Rules The goal of the syllabus for this examination is to provide an understanding of the fundamental concepts of financial mathematics, and how those concepts are applied in calculating present and accumulated values for various streams of cash flows as a basis for future use in: reserving, valuation, pricing, asset/liability management, investment income, capital budgeting, and valuing contingent cash flows. The candidate will also be given an introduction to financial instruments, including derivatives, and the concept of no-arbitrage as it relates to financial mathematics. The Financial Mathematics Exam assumes a basic knowledge of calculus and an introductory knowledge of probability. The following learning objectives are presented with the understanding that candidates are allowed to use specified calculators on the exam. The education and examination of candidates reflects that fact. In particular, such calculators eliminate the need for candidates to learn and be examined on certain mathematical methods of approximation. Please check the Updates section on this exam's home page for any changes to the exam or syllabus. Each multiple-choice problem includes five answer choices identified by the letters A, B, C, D, and E, only one of which is correct. Candidates must indicate responses to each question on the computer. Candidates will be given three hours to complete the exam. As part of the computer-based testing process, a few pilot questions will be randomly placed in the exam (paper and pencil and computer-based forms). These pilot questions are included to judge their effectiveness for future exams, but they will NOT be used in the scoring of this exam. All other questions will be considered in the scoring. All unanswered questions are scored incorrect. Therefore, candidates should answer every question on the exam. There is no set requirement for the distribution of correct answers for the multiple-choice preliminary examinations. It is possible that a particular answer choice could appear many times on an examination or not at all. Candidates are advised to answer each question to the best of their ability, independently from how they have answered other questions on the examination. Since the CBT exam will be offered over a period of a few days, each candidate will receive a test form composed of questions selected from a pool of questions. Statistical scaling methods are used to ensure within reasonable and practical limits that, during the same testing period of a few days, all forms of the test are comparable in content and passing criteria. The methodology that has been adopted is used by many credentialing programs that give multiple forms of an exam. The ranges of weights shown in the Learning Objectives below are intended to apply to the large majority of exams administered. On occasion, the weights of topics on an individual exam may fall outside the published range. Candidates should also recognize that some questions may cover multiple learning objectives.

【SOA】关于北美精算师,你必须知道的入门级知识——Exam P

关于北美精算师，你必须知道的入门级知识——Exam P 成为一名北美准精算师（ASA）必须要经历五门SOA的准精算师考试，而其中最简单也是大部分人最先开始学习准备的就是Exam P，即probability。顾名思义，Exam P考察的就是最基本的数理统计与概率问题。下面我们就来了解一下Exam P的考试形式与内容。 考试目的 考生可以掌握用于定量评估风险的基本的概率方法，并着重于用这些方法应用解决精算学中遇到的问题。参加这门考试的考生应具有一定的微积分基础，并了解基本的概率、保险和风险管理的概念。 考试形式 Exam P采用机考的形式，总共30道单项选择题，考试时间为3个小时。每道选择题共有5个选项，其中只有一个正确选项。 与SAT考试不同的是，Exam P考试答错并不会额外扣分，也就是说考生一定不要空任何一道题。Exam P中会随机分布几道“pilot question”，这些题目是主办方用来分析从而改进将来的考试而出现的，它们的正确与否并不会影响到考生的实际分数。但是由于考生并无法分辨出这些题目，所以对每一道题目，考生都要同样认真地对待。 考试内容

概率（占总分10%－20%） 最基本的事件概率计算问题。包括集合方程与表示（sat functions）、互斥事件（mutually exclusive events）、事件独立性（independence of events）、组合概率（Combinatorial probability）、条件概率（Conditional probability）以及贝叶斯定理（Bayes theorem）等。 拥有单因素概率分布的随机变量（占总分35%－45%） 连续分布或离散分布的单因素随机变量的研究。包括PDF&CDF（Probability density functions and Cumulative distribution functions）、独立随机事件的和的分布、众数（Mode）、中位数（Median）、百分位数（Percentile）、动差（Moment）、方差（Variance）以及变形等问题。 拥有多因素概率分布的随机变量（占总分35%－45%） 包括联合PDF&CDF、中心极限定理（central limit theorem）、条件与边缘概率分布与动差（Conditional and marginal probability distributions and moments）、条件与边缘概率分布的方差、协方差与概率系数（Covariance and correlation coefficients）以及变换与顺序统计（Transformation and order statistics）等。 提醒：众所周知，2018年7月1日起，SOA新课程体系将正式生效，其中Exam P科目不变，考试大纲有变动，具体有那些变化？？？后台回复“Exam P”免费获取Exam P最新考试大纲。 考试时间

北美精算师(SOA)考试 FM 2001 November 年真题

November 2001 Course 2 Interest Theory, Economics and Finance Society of Actuaries/Casualty Actuarial Society

1.Ernie makes deposits of 100 at time 0, and X at time 3 . The fund grows at a force of interest 2 100 t t δ=, t > 0 . The amount of interest earned from time 3 to time 6 is X. Calculate X. (A)385 (B)485 (C)585 (D)685 (E)785

2.The production of a good requires two inputs, labor and capital. At its current level of daily output, a competitive firm employs 100 machine hours of capital and 200 labor hours. The marginal product of machine hours is 10 units. The marginal product of labor hours is 5 units. The rental rate, or “price,” of capital is 20 per machine hour. If the firm minimizes its costs, what is the hourly wage rate? (A) 2.5 (B) 5.0 (C)10.0 (D)20.0 (E)40.0

精算学大学排名及专业介绍

精算学大学排名及专业介绍 一精算业 精算是依据经济学的基本原理，利用现代数学方法，对各种经济活动未来的财务风险进行分析、估价和管理的一门综合性的应用科学。精算方法和精算技术是现代保险、金融、投资科学管理的有效工具。其一直是被广泛应用于保险及其它金融行业、寿险业务、年金市场、财务运营、资金运作和预测未来等多个领域甚至退休保障等社会福利中。从社会保障标准的计算、财政收支计划的测算以及投资活动的分析，到人寿保险业中对于人生老病死等随机事件的把握，都离不开精算师周密、科学的分析和运算。 二精算师 精算师(Actuary，拉丁语意思"经营")是一种处理金融风险的商业性职业,是运用精算方法和技术解决经济问题的专业人士，是评估经济活动未来财务风险的专家。精算师更被国际社会形象地比喻为协调和平衡社会经济运作的"第一小提琴手"。 精算师采用数学、经济、财政和统计工具,在商业保险业,投资和经济预测领域从事产品开发、责任准备金核算、利源分析及动态偿付能力测试等重要工作，确保保险监管机关的监管决策、保险公司的经营决策建立在科学基础之上和为保险公司作风险评估及制定投资方针，并定期作出检讨及跟进。 精算师也会在咨询公司(主要的客户是规模较细的保险公司及银行)、养老金投资公司、医疗保险公司及投资公司工作。 三成为精算师的条件 要想成为精算师，首先必需掌握一些基础课程，如微积分、线性代数、概率论与数理统计、保险学和风险管理等。不仅如此，由于精算师所从事的是经济领域的职业，因而他们还必需有较高的经济学修养，掌握会计、金融、经济学和计算机等科学。这样，精算师才能对经济环境的变化有较强的反应能力。此外，精算师的职业还要求掌握语言表达、商业写作、哲学等科学知识取得精算师资格必需通过一些科目的严格考试，并获得精算组织的认可。例如，在美国和加拿大，作为一名合格的精算师，必需取得美国灾害保险精算学会 (Casuality Actuarial Society)或北美精算学会(Society of Actuaries) 的正式会员资格。北美精算学会是在人寿保险、健康保险和年金保险领域从事研究、考试和接受会员的国际组织，它负责从吸收非正式会员到正式会员的一系列考试。 四精算师的职业优势 1. 有较高的社会地位. 精算师是一份有着重要作用的职业,有时甚至是公司发展的关键所在.有着较高的社会地位.有人说,按英国标准来讲,中国只有两个精算师,而按美国精算师学会的名单,中国尚不存在一个合格的精算师。 2. 职业空缺

【北美精算师资格考试】ASA---exam-p 【考试说明】-----即概率论考试

Probability Exam The Probability Exam is a three-hour multiple choice examination and is referred to as Exam P by the SOA and Exam 1 by the CAS. The examination is jointly sponsored and administered by the SOA, CAS, and the Canadian Institute of Actuaries (CIA). The examination is also jointly sponsored by the American Academy of Actuaries (AAA) and the Conference of Consulting Actuaries (CCA). The Probability Exam is administered as a computer-based test. For additional details, Please refer to “Computer-Based Testing Rules and Procedures”. The purpose of the syllabus for this examination is to develop knowledge of the fundamental probability tools for quantitatively assessing risk. The application of these tools to problems encountered in actuarial science is emphasized. A thorough command of the supporting calculus is assumed. Additionally, a very basic knowledge of insurance and risk management is assumed. A table of values for the normal distribution is available below for candidates to download and will be included with the examination. Since the table will be included with the examination, candidates will not be allowed to bring copies of the table into the examination room. Check the Updates section on this exam’s home page for any changes to the exam or syllabus. LEARNING OUTCOMES Candidates should be able to use and apply the following concepts in a risk management context: 1. General Probability ?Set functions including set notation and basic elements of probability ?Mutually exclusive events ?Addition and multiplication rules ?Independence of events ?Combinatori a l probability ?Conditional probability ?Bayes Theorem / Law of total probability 2. Univariate probability distributions (including binomial, negative binomial, geometric, hypergeometric, Poisson, uniform, exponential, gamma, and normal) ?Probability functions and probability density functions ?Cumulative distribution functions ?Mode, median, percentiles, and moments ?Variance and measures of dispersion ?Moment generating functions ?Transformations 3. Multivariate probability distributions (including the bivariate normal) ?Joint probability functions and joint probability density functions ?Joint cumulative distribution functions ?Central Limit Theorem ?Conditional and marginal probability distributions ?Moments for joint, conditional, and marginal probability distributions

金融行业简介

金融行业简介 一、行业简介 定义：简单来说，金融就是资金的融通。金融是货币流通和信用活动以及与之相联系的经济活动的总称，广义的金融泛指一切与信用货币的发行、保管、兑换、结算，融通有关的经济活动，甚至包括金银的买卖，狭义的金融专指信用货币的融通。 核心：金融的核心是跨时间、跨空间的价值交换，所有涉及到价值或者收入在不同时间、不同空间之间进行配置的交易都是金融交易，金融学就是研究跨时间、跨空间的价值交换为什么会出现、如何发生、怎样发展，等等。 金融在国民经济中具有举足轻重的地位和作用，是社会资金运动的中枢神经系统。现代市场经济条件下，以货币流通和社会信用总和为内容的金融在社会资金的筹措和分配中所占的比重越来越大。因此，金融作为一国社会资金流通系统的基本组成部分，对经济的增长和发展起着十分重要的调节控制作用。 金融的构成要素有5点： 1、金融对象：货币（资金）。由货币制度所规范的货币流通具有垫支性、周转性和增值性。 2、金融方式：以借贷为主的信用方式为代表。金融市场上交易的对象，一般是信用关系的书面证明、债权债务的契约文书等，包括直接融资：无中介机构介入；间接融资：通过中介结构的媒介作用来实现的金融 3、金融机构：通常区分为银行和非银行金融机构 4、金融场所：即金融市场，包括资本市场、货币市场、外汇市场，保险市场，衍生性金融工具市场，等等； 5、制度和调控机制：对金融活动进行监督和调控等。 各要素间关系：金融活动一般以信用工具为载体，并通过信用工具的交易，在金融市场中发挥作用来实现货币资金使用权的转移，金融制度和调控机制在其中发挥监督和调控作用。 二、金融机构 金融机构，是指专门从事货币信用活动的中介组织。我国的金融机构，按地位和功能可分为四大类： 第一类，中央银行，即中国人民银行。 第二类，银行。包括政策性银行、商业银行。

北美精算师考试内容及考试制度

北美精算师考试内容及考试制度 北美精算师考试内容及考试制度北美精算师考试内容及考试制度 北美精算师考试制度分为二个阶段：第一阶段是准精算师（ａｓａ）。目前对准精算师的考试要求为300学分。除了100系列的11门课程（复利数学、精算数学等）外，还须通过200系列的4门课程（经济保障计划、精算实务等）。每门课在10至30学分不等。 学员在获得300学分后即成为asa，之后可继续考fsa课程。asal00系列的11门课程的考试均采用英文试卷，选择题形式，考试时间分别为1个半小时至4个小时不等；200系列采用英语书写答题形式。考生是否通过某一门课程考试以及所获得的分数，是到该课程全部试卷批完后，按成绩顺序排列后确定的。 第二阶段是精算师（ｆｓａ）。考生在取得准精算师资格证书后方可参加ｆｓａ课程考试。目前把精算师的考试课程分为财务、团体与健康保险、个人人寿与健康保险、养老金、投资五个方向，每个方向又分若干门课，每门课学分在10至30分不等。要取得ｆｓａ资格必须通过以上一个方向的所有课程考试，以及再选择以上方向的其他课程，使学分达到150分，即学分总计要达到450分。当ｆｓａ要素的课程考试全部通过后，考生还要参加最后一门课程：正式精算师认可课程（ｆａｃ），其内容主要是职业道德和案例，时间为二天

半，一般只要自始至终参加，在结束后的晚宴上会获得ｆｓａ证书。 北美精算师协会的考点分布在全世界各个国家和地区，考试每年5月和11月举行两次，考试时间由北美精算师协会确定，世界各地统一，考卷由北美精算师协会提供。 报名及考试地点：南开大学、湖南财经学院、复旦大学、中国人民大学、中山大学、中国科技大学、陕西财经学院、平安总公司北美精算学会考试课程 准精算师考试： 100系列课程：100微积分和线性代数、110概率论和数理统计、120应用统计、130运筹学、135数值分析、140复利数学、150精算数学、151风险理论、160生存模型和生命表编制、161人口数学、165匀修数学 200系列课程：200经济保障计划概论、210精算实务概论、220资产管理和公司财务概论、230资产和负债管理原理正精算师的考试课程分为五个方向： 一财务包括科目：财务管理、公司财务等 二团体和健康保险包括科目：团体和个人健康保险的设计和销售等 三个人人寿和年金保险包括科目：个人人寿和年金保险的精算实务调查、人寿保险法和税收等 四养老金包括科目：养老金估价原理i、退休计划设计等

北美精算师(SOA)考试MFE 2012年4月课程大纲

Models for Financial Economics—April 2012 The Models for Financial Economics is called Exam MFE by the SOA and Exam 3F by the CAS. This three-hour exam consist of 30 multiple-choice questions. Also, a normal distribution calculator will be available during the test by clicking a link on the item screen. Details are available on the Prometric Web Site. The examination is jointly sponsored and administered by the SOA, CAS, and the Canadian Institute of Actuaries (CIA). The examination is also jointly sponsored by the American Academy of Actuaries (AAA) and the Conference of Consulting Actuaries (CCA). The purpose of the syllabus is to develop the candidate’s knowledge of the theoretical basis of certain actuarial models and the application of those models to insurance and other financial risks. A thorough knowledge of calculus, probability, interest theory and the earlier chapters of the McDonald textbook (which are in the syllabus of Exam FM/2) is assumed. Formulas are provided for the density and distribution functions for the standard normal and lognormal random variables. For paper and pencil examinations, tables of the standard normal distribution function are provided. Since the tables will be provided to the candidate at the examination, candidates will not be allowed to bring copies of the tables into the examination room. For CBT candidates, a normal distribution calculator is provided. See the link below for more information. Note: It is anticipated that candidates will have done the relevant exercises in the textbooks. Check the Updates section of the web site for any changes to the exam or syllabus. The ranges of weights shown are intended to apply to the large majority of exams administered. On occasion, the weights of topics on an individual exam may fall outside the published range. Candidates should also recognize that some questions may cover multiple learning outcomes. Each multiple-choice problem includes five answer choices identified by the letters A, B, C, D, and E, only one of which is correct. Candidates must indicate responses to each question on the computer. As part of the computer-based testing process, a few pilot questions will be randomly placed in the exam (paper and pencil and computer-based forms). These pilot questions are included to judge their effectiveness for future exams, but they will NOT be used in the scoring of this exam. All other questions will be considered in the scoring. All unanswered questions are scored incorrect. Therefore, candidates should answer every question on the exam. There is no set requirement for the distribution of correct answers for the SOA/CAS/CIA multiple-choice preliminary examinations. It is possible that a particular answer choice could appear many times on an examination or not at all. Candidates are advised to answer each question to the best of their ability, independently from how they have answered other questions on the examination. Since the CBT exam will be offered over a period of a few days, each candidate will receive a test form composed of questions selected from a pool of questions. Statistical scaling methods are used to ensure within reasonable and practical limits that, during the same testing period of a few days, all forms of the test are comparable in content and passing