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公共场所部分英语用语辨析

公共场所部分英语用语辨析
公共场所部分英语用语辨析

公共场所部分英语用语辨析

公共场所部分英语用语辨析公共场所部分英语用语辨析1.何谓"restroom"?

某校的"教师休息室"被译为"teachers'restroom",一家"开心休闲屋"被译为"happyrestroom"。但"restroom"指的是"apubliclavatory;cloakroom,公用盥洗室,衣帽间"。翻译这类型的场所可考虑"lounge"、"lobby"、"vestibule"或"foyer"。据说那所学校一个新来的外教有一天火急火燎地冲进去,结果可以想象;如此想当然的字面翻译真是令人尴尬。

2.是"wineshop"还是"restaurant"?

一些"酒家"被译为"wineshop"。在英文里,"wineshop"指的是"acafeortavernthatspecializesinservingwine",专指供人喝酒、小憩之处,而中国人所说酒馆、酒楼、酒肆或酒家其实就是饭店、餐馆,英文都应是"restaurant"。

3.是"highschool"还是"middleschool"?

大多数有高中的"中学"被译为"middleschool",此词实际只指初中和高一的阶段,"aschoolbetweenelementaryschoolandhighschool."。有高中的中学应译为"highschool",用"middleschool"其实是把自己将格了。

4.何来"purchasecenter"?

某"购物中心"英译为"???purchasecenter",这是不规范的自创表达法。笔者查询牛津、剑桥、韦氏和朗文工具书都查不出"purchasecenter"这样的词条,也咨询了英美人士和留学海外的学子,却都认为没有此说法。英语有"shoppingcenter",但所指购物场所很大,而且常在市郊;而该"购物中心"一则占地与规模都很小,二则地处市中心附近,因而也不宜这么翻,充其量就是"departmentstore"(百货商店)。

5."corporation"是什么?

某"国际机场集团公司"被译为"internationalairportgroupcorporation"。"corporation"指"groupsofpersonsauthorizedtoactasanindividual,eg,forbusinesspurposes",实际上该词本身有总公司的意味,?因而"group"是多余的,有些总公司就是用这个词来表示。查一些影响较

大的词典都没有发现"groupcorporation",但有"groupcompany"之说。

6."square","plaza"分别指什么广场?

"square"意为"four-sidedopenarea,eg,inatown,usedasagardenorforrecreation,oroneenclosedbystreetsandbuildings","buildingsandstreetsurroundings","blocksofbuildingsboundedbyfourstreets;distancealongonesi deofsuchablock",所能指的广场大概相当于"天安门广场"、"五一广场"之类。现在新出现的众多的冠以"广场"名称的商业性质的写字楼群应该用"plaza",意为"acomplexofstores,banksandmovietheatres,etc"。目前我国广场,如"国贸广场","财经广场",大都源于该词。

7."store"、"shop"规模有多大?

"store"是一个卖东西的地方,"shopssellingmanyvarietiesofgoods""shop"意思相近,指"buildingorpartofabuildingwheregoodsareshownandsoldretail ",规模并不大。目前,这两个词被滥用了,结果往往是把自己降格

了,不能表达许多商业场所本身所具有的规模。多功能的商场,比如带有娱乐场所或银行分点的,宜用"plaza"或"mall",后者指"alargeretailcomplexcontainingstoresandrestaurantsinadjacen tbuildings,orinasinglelargebuilding"。当然,"store"在国外也有用来指很大的商店,有的建筑面积达二十几万平方米,服务员上班时穿溜冰鞋工作,但此时所用的是合成词"hyperstore",目前我们国内能冠以该词的店铺可能还非常少,

8.是"cityarea"还是"downtownarea"?

路牌"市区"被英译为"cityarea"。中文所说的"市区"指的是人口和房屋建筑比较集中的闹市区,而"city"指的是整个城市,既包括了闹市区,也包括了郊区。闹市区在国外称"downtownarea"或"downtowndistrict"。

9.“出差”是onbusiness还是onevection?

一个学生把“我的朋友去北京出差了。”译成“myfriendwenttobeijingonevection.”。查《英汉大词典》evection 果然解释为“出差”,但仔细看,这是一个天文学词汇,是指“由于太阳的吸引而在月球轨道上引起的摄动”。我想这位学生大概是背诵gre词汇时,只记中文解释,而不理解其真正意思造成的。其实,这

句话只要译成;“myfriendwenttobeijingonbusiness.”就行了。此“出差”非彼“出差”,做翻译查词典,千万不可粗心大意,有时最好要看看其原文解释。公共场所部分英语用语辨析相关内容:

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