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英语句子基本成分

英语句子基本成分
英语句子基本成分

All kinds of writing are made up of sentences. To compose effective sentences, we must, first of all, know clearly the basic sentence elements and basic sentence patterns.

Although many sentences have complicated word structures, all sentences—long or short, simple or complex—are built from a few basic elements: subjects (S), Verbs (V), objects (O), and complements (C).These elements work together to express a single central idea that may be further developed or defined by modifiers (M) and conjunctions (Conj). The verb with its objects, complements, and modifiers is known as the predicate of the sentence. The predicate describes the action performed by the subject or the state of being of the subject. Subject and predicate are the two main parts of a simple sentence. A sentence usually begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, or a question mark, or an exclamation mark.

Subjects identify the people, places, things, ideas, qualities, or conditions that act, are acted upon, or are described in a sentence. Nouns and pronouns are the most common subjects, but phrases (gerundial phrases, infinitive phrases, noun phrases, etc.) or clauses may also be subjects.

---She wrote a letter.

---To win is his objective.

---What he needs is courage. (例子可选择使用)

Verbs express action (run, walk) or a state of being (seem, is). Verbs consist of single words (develop) or groups of words (might have developed). A verb that requires an object to complete its meaning is transitive, while a verb that requires no object to complete its meaning is intransitive.

---His father retired two years ago.

---I have read the book.

---The boy seemed frightened.

Objects are nouns or pronouns or clauses that complete the ideas expressed by subjects and transitive verbs. There are two types of objects: direct objects, which answer the questions what? or whom?; indirect objects, which answer the questions to whom? or for whom?

---I bought a bike for my daughter two days ago.

---He gave me a birthday present yesterday.

Note: The words in bold type are direct objects; those underlined are indirect objects.

Complements

There are two types of complements: subject complements and object complements. The former are usually joined to the subjects of sentences by linking verbs, such as am, are, is, was,

were, become, get, feel, look and seem, or some other intransitive verbs, are largely adjectives or nouns that complete the ideas in a sentence by modifying or renaming the subject. In this case the subject complements are also called predicative.

e.g. ---Throughout the competition, Mary remained optimistic.

---She looks happy.

--- He died young.

But in a passive sentence, the subject complement is not predicative.

e.g. He was caught alive.

The object complements, as the name suggest, complement the objects’ (usually noun s’or pronouns’) actions, or identities, or features. Nouns, adjectives, infinitives, present participles, or past participles can serve as the object complement.

e.g. ---He made us stay for tea.

---He could hear his heart beating fast.

---I've never heard the song sung.

---He made her secretary

---You must keep the classroom clean.

Modifiers, typically adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases, describe or limit subjects, verbs, objects, complements, or other modifiers. They alter the meanings of other words by answering one of these questions: what kind? which one? how many? whose? how? when? where? how often? or to what extent?

---Long speeches are unacceptable.

---We received sixty-five applications.

---After the tennis match, we celebrated.

Conjunctions join and relate two or more words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. They fall into three types: coordinate conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet), which link equivalent sentence elements; correlative conjunctions (like both…and, either…or, neither…nor, and not only…but also), which work in pairs and also link equivalent sentence elements; subordinating conjunctions (like after, although, because, eve if, so that, until, and when), which join clauses but subordinate one clause to another. The subordinate clause, introduced by the subordinating conjunction, can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence.

---Because she was outspoken on the subject of women writer, Virginia Woolf has become a central figure in feminist criticism.

---Virginia Woolf has become a central figure in feminist criticism because she was outspoken on the subject of women writer.

---Virginia Woolf, because she was outspoken on the subject of women writer, has become a central figure in feminist criticism.

英语句子的基本成分

英语的基本成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分,句子成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语等。 1主语subject 主语是一个句子的主体,表示所说的是谁或是什么。主语一般放在句首,有时在特殊句型中主语放在据某。可作主语的词有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词等。 (1)名词或名词短语作主语 The students are playing volleyball now. Beijing is the capital of China. The shoe shop is next to the supermarket. (2)代词作主语 I go to school by bus. (3)数词作主语 Four and five is nine. (4)动词不定式或不定式短语作主语 To read in the sun is bad for your eyes. (5)动名词作主语 (6)从句作主语 That you forget to tell me the time for meeting caused me lots of trouble. 2谓语predicate: 谓语说明主语的动作、行为或所处的状态。指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。通常由动词的各种形式或动词短语来充当,并且必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。谓语有广义和狭义之分,广义的谓语指主语之外包括动词在内的部分,狭义的谓语仅仅指动词。

(1)动词或动词短语作谓语 She likes drawing. I go to school at 6 on Mondays. (2)情态动词+动词原形作谓语 You should be good with your friends. (3)系动词+表语充当谓语 The skirt felt soft. 3表语predicative: 表语是和系动词一起构成复合谓语的词或短语。表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态。表语常由名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当。作表语的名词、数词和代词,其数必须与主语保持一致。 (1)名词作表语 (2)代词作表语 (3)数词作表语 (4)形容词表语 (5)分词表语 Seeing is believing.眼见为实 (6)动名词表语 (7)动词不定式表语 (8)介词短语表语 (9)副词作表语 Jim is over there. (10)从句作表语

高中英语句子成分详细归纳

英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,

高中英语句子积累精华

2016高考英语写作27个超级无敌句型,错过太可惜! 1. Bai jingjing is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 白晶晶是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。 【句型结构】 the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主语 + have ever + seen (known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) … the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主语+ have ever + seen (known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) 2. The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你越是努力工作,你就会取得越多进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们读的书越多,我们就会越有学问。 【句型结构】 The + ~er + S + V, … the + ~er + S + V … The + more + adj + S + V, … the + more + adj + S + V… 主语越......,主语越...... 3. Nothing is easier than to give up. 没有比放弃更容易的事了。 Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事了。 【句型结构】 Nothing is +~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词+ than to + V 没有......比......更...... 4. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都认可树木对我们是不可或缺的。 【句型结构】 It is widely/universally acknowledged/recongnised + that 从句 全世界都认可...... 5. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 【句型结构】 It is time + S + 过去式 该是...的时候了 6. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

英语句子基本结构成分类型

英语句子基本结构 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下: S十V主谓结构 S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾 语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾 语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下: 1.S十V句式 在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如: He runs quickly.他跑得快。 They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out.煤气用完了。 My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。 2.S十V十P句式 在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如: He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard.书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice.饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nicc.花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before.你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill.他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still.他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up.他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country.他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如: He looked me up and down.他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant.他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish.他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town.他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on.他有椅子坐。

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:S V (主+谓) 二:S V P (主+系+表) 三:S V O (主+谓+宾) 四:S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:S V(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

语法-高中英语句子成分讲解超详细

语法|高中英语句子成分讲解超详细什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)

基本句型S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢?

英语句子成分及结构

英语句子成分及结构 (一)句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 (二)主语: 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students. (四)表语: 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词VL之后。系动词大致可分为三类:1.be动词类 2.感官类feel / taste / smell / sound/seem / look /appear… 3.变化类become /get / grow / turn/come/go… 4.状态保持类stay/ remain(保持,仍然是)/ keep /prove etc. 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如: Our teacher of English is an American.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The machine must be out of order.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) (五)宾语 宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如: They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳

英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳 什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:S V(主+谓) 二:S V P(主+系+表) 三:S V O(主+谓+宾) 四:S V O O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:S V O C(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型:S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

英语句子成分

英语句子成分 句子成分由词或词组充当 英语的基本成分有七种: 主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、 状语(adverbial) 补语(complement) 主语(Subject): 一.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。 可由1.名词、2.代词、3.数词、4.名词化的形容词(如the rich)5.不定式、6.动名词、7.主语从句等表示。 练习1. 在下面句子的主语下面划横线,并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 二. 谓语(Predicate):谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。 1)简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning. 2) 复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。 You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。 We are students. 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 练习3 .填入动词的适当形式。 1).Fifty miles _______ ( be ) not a great distance . 2). He ______________ ( marry ) for three years . 3). A lot of trees ____________ ( must , plant ) on the hills . 4). The woman did ______ ( stay ) at home last Sunday . 5). So fast _____ light ______ ( travel ) that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed . 三.表语表语多是形容词,用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习4. 划出下列句中的表语, 并说明有什么充当。 1)Our teacher of English is an American. 2)Is it yours? 3)The weather has turned cold. 4)The speech is exciting. 5)Three times seven is twenty one? 6)His job is to teach English. 7)His hobby(爱好)is playing football. 8)The machine must be under repairs. 9)The truth is that he has never been abroad. 注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。 1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如: He is a teacher. 2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如: He always kept silent at meeting. 3)表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如: He seems (to be) very sad. 注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。 4)感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5)变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如: He became mad after that. 6)终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表示"证明","变成"之意,例如: The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success. 练习5 .用所给词的正确形式填空 1).The news sounds __________ ( inspire ) 2).We are __________ ( interest ) in the story . 3). My work is ______ ( clean ) the classroom tomorrow morning 4).The people in the city are very __________ . ( happiness) 5).That is his book . The one on the desk is _________ ( my ) . 四. 宾语(Object):宾语表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。 练习6. 划出下列句中的宾语, 并说明有什么充当。 1)They planed many trees yesterday.

英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型

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英语中句子7种成分

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详情如下: (4)有时为了避免头重脚轻,经常会借助“it”充当形式主语,而真正的主语则放在句尾: (5)“There be …”句型 “there be…”比较特殊。在这种句型中,主语的位置在中间。比如: There are six beautiful French ladies walking on the street. 大街上有六位漂亮的法国女郎在散步。 第二:英语中的“谓语” 1. 含义: 谓语是句子的灵魂,主要用来“陈述主语的状态”或者“表明主语发出 的动作”。 2. 分类:简单谓语复合谓语 (1)简单谓语:由一个动词或者一个动词短语构成谓语; I love my girlfriend. 我爱我的女朋友。

My boss stayed up late last night. 我的老板昨晚熬夜了。 2)复合谓语: ①情态动词/助动词+动词构成 ②系动词+表语构成 ③情态动词+系动词: 第三:英语中的“宾语”

高中英语句子成分讲解超详细

什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本 句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and dri nk. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二 SVP(主+系+表)

英语句子成分的划分及练习

句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成 分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject )、 谓语(predicate )、表语(predicative )、宾语 (object )、定语(attribute )、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement )。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各 种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如 下: - *■.S V(主+谓) ? -*■ S V P (主+系+表) -■. . SV O (主+谓+宾) 四:SV0O (主+谓+ 间宾+直宾) 五:SV O C (主+谓+ 宾+宾补) 基本句型一 *■ . S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词 (如boy ),主格代词(如you),动 词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句 首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分 家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语 时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语 之后。不及物动词(vi. )没有 宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即 句子的谓语动词都能表 达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动 词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。 s I V (不及物动词)

1. The sun I was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon I rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe I remains. 宇宙长存。 4. Weall I breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who I cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said I does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么 关系。 7. They I talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen I writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利 基本句型二:S V P (主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词 (种类)。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem 等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn 等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义, 只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动 词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/ 面色 好,sound nice/ 听起来不错,feel good/ 感觉好,smell bad/ 难闻 S |V(是系动词)| P 1. This I is I an English-Chinese dictionary.

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