人教版高一英语必修一unit4_课文翻译和知识点详解

Unit 4 Earthquake

A night the earth didn’t sleep

Strange things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks （n. 裂缝）in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farm-yards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to（太。。。而不能）eat. Mice（mouse的复数）ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual（像往常一样）that night.

At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century had began. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than 2 hundred

kilometers away. One - third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.

But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless piece of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of(代替，取代) water. People were shocked. Then,

later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last（宾语从句）.

All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.

词汇：

1.飓风hurricane 龙卷风tornado

台风typhoon 干旱drought

2.警报alarm 潮湿的humid 湿气humidity 现象phenomenon

3.摇；震动shake 爆炸burst 废墟ruin

损害injure

4.破坏destroy 无用的useless 使震惊shock 地震quake/earthquake

5.救援rescue 灾难disaster

短语：

1.雷电交加thunder and lightning 温室效应weather forcast

2.全球变暖global warming 立刻，马上right away

3.平静下来calm down 爆发burst out

4.突然burst into 废墟in ruins

5.挖掘dug out 分发，发出give out

6.为。。。做准备prepare for 代替；不是instead of

7.完结，结束at an end 大量的a great number of

8.对。。。感到震惊be shocked at .... 躲避: take shelter from

9.垮掉: break down 涌入: crowd in

10.吹倒: blow down