On Irony in Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》中的反讽

毕业论文

毕业论文题目：On Irony in Pride and Prejudice 学生姓名：

学号：

院（系）：外国语学院英语系

专业：双学位经贸英语

班级：

指导教师姓名：

指导教师称谓：讲师

起止时间：2012年10月—2013年5月

On Irony in Pride and Prejudice

A Thesis Submitted

To Foreign Languages Department

Of Zhongyuan University of Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree of Bachelor of Arts

By

Supervisor：

May, 2013

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SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Zhongyuan University of Technology

Declaration of Academic Integrity

I promise that the thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any institutes of higher learning and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person, except when due reference is made in the text of the thesis.

I understand that to do so would mean that I had committed plagiarism, and that it is my responsibility to be aware of the Univ ersity’s regulations on plagiarism and their importance.

Signed:

Date:

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On Irony in Pride and Prejudice

Abstract: Jane Austen is a British woman novelist in the 19th century. In her masterpiece Pride and Prejudice, the use of irony is the biggest artistic feature. The thesis first introduces the definition and function of irony. Second, it analyzes the application of irony in the characterization of the novel, which not only makes the novel filled with wit and humor, but also proves the author’s thorough understanding of human nature; Third, it expounds the irony in the marriage plot, whereby the author criticizes the British marriage value that money matters most and puts forward that the happiness of marriage consists in emotional communication, independent personality and good character. Finally, the thesis concludes that Jane Austine’s irony contains her understanding of life and society and so it is the sharpest weapons used in her novels.

Key words: Jane Austen, irony, Pride and Prejudice, characterization, plot

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《傲慢与偏见》中的反讽

摘要：简奥斯丁是一位英国19世纪杰出的女性作家。在她的作品《傲慢与偏见》中，对于反讽的写作手法是对于文学最大的财富。本论文首先介绍了反讽的定义和功能；其次，从人物塑造方面,分析了人物刻画中反讽的运用，不但使小说充满了智慧和幽默，还体现出作者对人性的透彻的洞察力。再次，论证了小说中婚姻情节中的反讽，借此，作者批判了当时只重视金钱的婚姻观念，提出感情的沟通，独立的人格和高尚品格才是幸福婚姻的保障。最后得出反讽体现出了简·奥斯汀对生活和社会的理解，因此反讽也成为她作品中一个利器。

关键词：简奥斯汀；反讽；《傲慢与偏见》，人物塑造，情节

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Contents

1 Introduction (1)

2 The Introduction to Irony (2)

2.1 Definition of Irony (2)

2.2 The Function of Irony (2)

2.3 Expressions of Irony in Pride and Prejudice (2)

3 The Appreciation of Irony in Characterization (3)

3.1 Elizabeth (3)

3.2 Mr. Darcy (4)

3.3 Mr. Bennet (4)

3.4 Mrs. Bennet (4)

3.5 Mr. Collins (5)

3.6 Miss. Bingley (6)

3.7 Mrs. Catherine (6)

4 Application of Irony in the Marriage Plot (7)

4.1 Mr. Collins' Proposal to Marry Elizabeth (7)

4.2 The Marriages of Lydia Bennet and Mr. Wickham (7)

4.3 The Marriage of Mr. Collins and Charlotte Lucas (8)

4.4 The Marriage of Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth (9)

5 Conclusion (10)

References: (11)

Acknowledgments (11)

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On Irony in Pride and Prejudice

1 Introduction

Jane Austen is an outstanding British woman novelist in the 19th century. Her literary works have far-reaching influences not only on posterity, but also on the development of society and literature. Through analysis of the plot and the characterization of figures in Pride and Prejudice, the thesis will explore irony used by Jane Austen. Her novels are filled with snide tone and sarcastic words. More than that, Jane chose to use irony in shaping characters, arrangement of the plot and the theme. Therefore, the analysis of the irony is the key to understanding this novel.

In recent years, many domestic and foreign scholars devoted to Austin's fiction studies, in which ironical art is generally talked. Monaghan, David and Willis, Jane, they share the same idea. In their paper, the theme is to analyze expressions of irony in Pride and Prejudice. It focuses on irony in the three areas of characterization and character relationships. Jane Austen focus on the five marriages in the novel, applies irony at different aspects, and uses humorous words to show us her own progressive view on love and marriage. The opening sentence of Pride and Prejudice directly pointed out the most popular view on marriage in society “It is a truth well known to all the world that an unmarried man in possession of a large fortune must be in need of a wife.”The content of this sentence is really ridiculous and stupid while the sentence pattern is neat and formal. The sharp contrast between the content and form makes a great effect of irony. And irony is used many times in this novel. This thesis will discuss how irony is employed in terms of the characterization of the figures, the plot in Pride and Prejudice in the hope of better understanding the novel.

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2 The Introduction to Irony

2.1 Definition of Irony

“Irony is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or situation in which there is an incongruity between the literal and the implied meaning.” (Huang, 2010) “It is a universal phenomenon of natural language used in our daily communication. Irony is a broad term referring to the recognition of a reality different from the masking appearance. It is a contrast or a difference between the way things seem and the way they really are.” (Willis, 2006)That is to say, one says a thing but means the opposite. Irony can be divided into the following several: Verbal irony, Dramatic irony.(Skehan, 2004) No written method for indicating irony exists, though an irony punctuation mark has been proposed. In the 1580s, Henry Denham introduced a rhetorical question mark or preconditions point which looks like a reversed question mark. This mark was also proposed by the French poet Marcel Bernhardt at the end of the 19th century to indicate irony or sarcasm.

2.2 The Function of Irony

The use of words that say the opposite of what you really mean, in order to be emphatic, amusing, sarcastic, etc.(Hu, 2008).Irony is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. It can be amusing or can show annoyance. Irony have a deeper meaning and can arouse people's sympathy.

2.3 Expressions of Irony in Pride and Prejudice

In the Pride and Prejudice, there is always a gap between what she says and what she means, between the surface meaning and her real intention. Irony is the most striking feature in Jane Austen’s novels. As an ingenious work, the master piece of Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice employs the ironic technique in characterization and structure, which has made a great realistic comic work of the novel.

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3 The Appreciation of Irony in Characterization

Irony plays a decisive part in characterization as well as in plot development. In Pride and Prejudice, both the wise (Elizabeth, Mr. Darcy, etc.) and the foolish (Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, etc. ) become the objects of Jane Austen’s irony. Irony is the marrow of this novel, in which no one is perfect.

3.1 Elizabeth

Elizabeth is our heroine. Pride and Prejudice was, for some time at least, Jane Austen’s own favorite and she wrote her sister when it appeared “I must confess that I think her ( the heroine, Elizabeth) as delightful a creature as ever appeared in print; and how I shall be able to tolerate those who do not like her at least I do not know.”Yet, Jane Austen spares no satire upon such a delightful creature. Elizabeth is witty, intelligent and unconventional. She “has something more of quickness than her sisters”.(Austen, 1813: 152) However, she also can’t avert herself from the influence of the “truth universally acknowledged.”(Austen, 1813: 305) Moreover, she is too hasty in judgment and too easily taken in by appearances. On the one hand, she is slighted by Mr. Darcy at a ball and then safely promises her mother never to dance with him. On the other hand, she is attracted by Mr. Wickham, whose appearance is greatly in his favor. Then she “prepared in the highest spirits for the conquest of all that remained unstudied of his heart.” (Austen, 1813: 155)The relationship between Elizabeth and Darcy is worsened by Wickham’s ill words to Darcy. Sense is overwhelmed by sensibility. On account of her prejudice against Darcy, Elizabeth tries to bring down his pride and has the satisfaction of refusing his proposal by saying that “?you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed on to marry.”(Austen, 1813: 179)Of course, Elizabeth finally recognizes Wickham’s true face and reveals that it is the arrogant Darcy who saves the reputation of the Bennet family by arranging Lydia and Wickham’s marriage. Then false pride is humbled and prejudice dissolved. In the end, Darcy and Elizabeth are united.

Darcy, as a wise man, is another object of satire. At first, he claims that Elizabeth is not handsome enough to tempt him and says frankly that “it must very

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materially lessen their chance of marrying men of any consideration in the world.”(Austen, 1813: 18). However, he is the very man who marries Elizabeth.

3.2 Mr. Darcy

Like Elizabeth, Darcy is an ideal character by Austen’s writing. He was arrogant by nature. For the first time seeing Elizabeth, he treated her very picky. But then he has affection for her gradually, and asked her to marry him, but he encounters flat refusal and rage given by Elizabeth. Darcy’s proposal is arrogant, Elizabeth rejected it with great prejudice. Austen’s mockery at them has played to the extreme here. Later Darcy changes his arrogant attitude; he treats Elizabeth’s relatives courteously and makes every attempt to help Lydia. Elizabeth falls in love with him, giving him second time.

3.3 Mr. Bennet

Mr. Bennet, who is smart humorous and educated man, is odd within his words. Maybe he can always give people surprise and excitement. From his words, Mr. Bennet is a man who tries to say something by feigning uninterested or making concessions but he does not say it immediately, which makes you nervous. For examples, he says, “You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.”(Austen, 1813: 243) In the following story that Mr. Bennet notices the coming of Bingley, but he still pretends to say that he has not heard. Why he says it like this—to show humor of the old gentleman and his daughters and wife can attend him. He is a smart and educated man from the way of dealing with things and the manner of speaking. He has a high and far sight to care about his daughter’s marriage but is quiet which is very different from his wife who is unceremonious and rough. His character highlighted the rudeness of his wife. He is a smart and educated man from the way of dealing with things and the manner of speaking. He has a high and far sight to care about his daughter’s marriage but is quiet which is very different from his wife who is unceremonious and rough.

3.4 Mrs. Bennet

Mrs. Bennet is the five daughters’ mother. And she is the model of the foolish. “She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. 4

When she was discontented she fancied herself nervous. The business of her life was to get her daughters married; its solace was visiting and news”.(Austen, 1813: 93) Mrs. Bennet herself proves this comment true. She has not even seen Mr. Bingley, but she considers him as “the rightful property” for her daughters and thinks of his marrying one of them when she hears about that he has one hundred thousand pounds property. In addition, she is so ignorant and foolish that she can’t even realize her husband is mocking at her —“you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party.” (Austen, 1813: 171). “My dear, you flatter me. I certainly have had my share of beauty, ?” (Austen, 1813: 127) When Mr. Bennet refers to Mr. Collins, his cousin, “Who, when I am dead, may turn you all out of this house as soon as he pleases.”(Austen, 1813: 291)Mrs. Bennet cried, “Oh, my dear, I cannot bear to hear that mentioned. Pray do not talk of that odious man.”(Austen, 1813: 149) But when Mr. Collins plans to choose one of her daughters as his wife, she “treasured up the hint, and trusted that she might soon have two daughters married; and the man whom she could not bear to speak of the day before was now high in her good graces.”. (Austen, 1813: 164)What a capricious woman she is! Although Jane Austen made few comments on her characters, the readers know the characters gradually by listening to their voice and observing their behavior.

3.5 Mr. Collins

His each word, each movement and each attempt embodies the bitter satire upon him. After he arrives at Mr. Bennet’s punctually, “he had not been long seated before he complimented Mrs. Bennet on having so fine a family of daughters; said he had heard much of their beauty, but that, in this instance, fame had fallen short of the truth; and added that he did not doubt her seeing them all in due time well disposed of in marriage”.(Austen, 1813: 256)How perfect and unrivaled gallantry. When Elizabeth refuses his proposal, he concludes “you are not serious in your rejection of me, I shall choose to attribute it to your wish of increasing my love by suspense, according to the usual practice of elegant females”.(Austen, 1813: 178) This scene fully displays Jane Austen’s talent for comedy. What’s more interesting and

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attractive is that Jane Austen never stops ridiculing Mr. Collins even though he has got married. When Elizabeth calls at his parsonage, she “was prepared to see him in his glory; and she could not help fancying that in displaying the good proportion of the room, its aspect and its furniture, he addressed himself particularly to her, as if wishing to make her feel what she had lost in refusing him.”.(Austen, 1813: 153)Thus, Mr. Collins’hypocrisy, self - deception and foolishness are portrayed most vividly.

3.6 Miss. Bingley

Miss. Bingley has attractive appearance, but in fact is a jealous, behaved badly, arrogant person. The author portrays her character using satire. She is a self-considered person; she only considers her own interests, ruining her brother’s happiness. She writes letters for several times to provoke the relationship between Darcy and Jane. She also slanders Elizabeth in front of her bother for many times. And her interference makes the two couples almost break up. Author, in the description of this kind of characters, not only seizes the opportunity to give the sarcasm, but also lets them have a sharp contrast in appearance and heart, words and actions to expose their hypocrisy.

3.7 Mrs. Catherine

Mrs. Catherine was another person to be mocked. For fearing that Darcy would marry Elizabeth, she personally runs to the Bennets to warn Elizabeth not to marry Mr. Darcy. And after being counterattacked by Elizabeth, she goes to Darcy to persuade him not to marry Elizabeth. However, she does not achieve her purpose but contributes to the happy marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy. The contrast between plots achieves the ironic effects. And Mrs. Catherine’s folly and peremptoriness were portrayed incisively and vividly. What’s worse, Mrs. Catherine was once described as a kind, easy going and generous noblewoman by Mr. Collins. But in fact, she was arrogant, domineering and unreasonable. Mr. Collins and Mrs. Catherine only pay attention to the economic interests. The contrast achieved the goal of irony: Mr. Collins was hypocritical, pea cockish and snobbish and Mrs. Catherine was domineering, overbearing and insolent.

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at,in与on的用法区别

at, in与on的用法区别 1. 表示时间，注意以下用法： ①表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用at： I get up at six in the morning. 我早上六点钟起床。 He got married at the age of 25. 他25 岁结婚。 ②泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用in：We watch TV in the evening. 我们晚上看电视。 He went to Japan in 1946. 他于1946 去了日本。 ③若表示星期几或某一特定的日期，则用on： He left here on the fifth of May. 他于5 月5 日离开这儿。 2. 表示地点、场所、位置等，注意以下用法： ①表示某一点位置，用at： We live at No 87 Beijing Road. 我们住在北京路87 号。 The hospital is at the end of the street. 医院在这条街的尽头。 与名词所有格连用表示地点，也用at。如： at my sister’s 在我姐姐家 at the doctor’s 在医务室 ②表示空间或范围，用in： What’s in the box? 这盒子里有什么? He lives in Paris with his wife. 他同他妻子住在巴黎。 但有时两者可换用：

The meeting was held at [in] the hotel. 会议在宾馆举行。 ③at与in的另一个区别是：at多用于指较小的地方，而in多用于指较大的地方：in Shanghai 在上海at the station 在车站 ④介词on 用于地点，主要指在某物的表面： What’s on the table? 桌上有什么? There’s a wallet lying on the ground. 地上有个钱包。 【注】在少数搭配中，也用介词on： He works on a farm. 他在农场工作。 3. 在某些搭配中，三者的区别与英国英语和美国英语有关： in the street (英) / on the street (美) 在街上 in the road (英) / on the road (美) 在路上 in the team (英) / on the team (美) 在这个队 at the weekend (英) / on the weekend (美) 在周末 at weekends (英) / on weekends (美) 在周末 4. 有时三者的差别与搭配习惯和用法有关： in bed / on the bed 在床上 in the tree (多指树外之物) / on the tree (多指树本身之物) 在树上

初中英语考点 in_on_at_区别用法

in on at 区别用法 妙计口诀 1.早、午、晚要用in， at黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周， 阳光、灯、影、衣、帽用in。 将来时态in...以后， 小处at大处in。 有形with无形by， 语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式， 心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向， 攻击、位置、恶、善分。 2.日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和“一……就”，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 如大体掌握上面介词用法口诀，就不易出错。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。 <1.>关于时间 早、午、晚要用in in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天 例： in the afternoon 在下午 in the morning 在早上 at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例 at dawn /at daybreak 在黎明时候 at night 在夜间 at noon 在中午 at midnight 在午夜 （以上短语都不用冠词）

at nine o'clock 在9点钟 at half past ten 在10点半 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 at the weekend 在周末 at a quarter to two 1点45分 <2.>关于年、月、年月、季节、周 即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月” 但在某年某月某日则用on ，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。 in 1927 在1927年 in March 在三月 in December 1986 在1986年12月 in July l984 在1984年7月 in the first week of this semester这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 in spring 在春季 <3.>关于日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚 以下皆用on on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on May the first 5月1日 on the sixteenth 16号 on the second of January /on January the second 1月2日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚 on New Year's Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日 on winter day 在冬天 on December 12th 1950 l950年12月12日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 但last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上 on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。 【注】in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期 in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪 in ancient times 在古代 in earlier times 在早期 in modern times 在现代，则用in，at the present time 现在，at the present day当今则用at。 <4.>关于年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in on the morning of 18th 18日早晨 On the eve of their departure在临行前夕 <5.>阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in

in on at for表示时间时的用法区别

1 at (在、于)用指明一特定的时间、节日、年龄： 1.1 at dawn/ at night/ at noon/ at midnight /at daybreak 在黎明/在夜里/在中午/在午夜/在日出时 1.2 I go to school at seven in the morning. (at seven) 我早上七点钟去上学。 1.3 at half past five (五点过半小时) 在五点半 1.4 at a quarter to seven (过四分之一小时就到七点) 六点四十五分 1.5 The train is due at 1 2.15 p.m. (at 12.15p.m.) 那班火车的到站时间是12点15分。 1.6 at mid-autumn festival/ at Christmas / at Spring Festival 在中秋节/ 在圣诞节/在春节 7. at forty 在四十岁时 2 in (在、在…之内、在…期间、在…后、过…后) 指明：天、年、月、季节、周次： 2.1 in the morning 在早上(不可说at the morining。鬼才知道为什么不可用at， 大约因为at 没有“在…期间”的意思吧) 2.2 in the afternoon 在下午(在下午这段期间，呵呵,举一反三喔) 2.3 She likes to work in the evening. (或in the night) 她喜欢在晚上工作 2.4 in the day time 在白天 2.5 in 2002 (2002可读作two thousand two) 在2002年 2.6 He's to quit in May. (in May)他在五月就辞职了。 2.7 He went to Tokyo in June 2002. (in June 2002)他于2002年六月去东京。 2.8 in the second week of July 在七月份的第二周 2.9 It's too cold in winter to run outside. (in winter) 冬天里出外跑步是太 冷了。 2.10 in two months 在两个月内 2.11 in those days 在当时 3 on (在…时、在(某日)、在某日早/午/晚、当…时候、和…同时、刚一…) 指明：日子、日期、星期加上早午晚 3.1 on the first 在一号(指某月一号,如二号要说second等。其实意思是指某月的第几天) 3.2 We're having a party on the fifth of June. (或on June the fifth) 我们会在六月五日举行一个晚会。 3.3 on July the third 1990 在1990年7月3日 3.4 My brother is coming on Sunday. (on Sunday) 我的哥哥会在星期天来。 3.5 on Sunday morning /afternoon 在星期天早上/下午 3.6 on Friday evening 在星期五晚上 3.7 on the next morning 隔天早上 3.8 on the following afternoon 在下一个傍晚 3.9 on the night before 在前一个晚上 3.10 on the morning of 5th 在五号的早上

in-on-at-的用法区别

in on at 的用法区别 一. in,on在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾在中国的东南部。 2. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如： North Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜在中国的东部。 二. at, in, on在表示时间上的区别 1. at指时间表示： （1）时间的一点、时刻等。如： They came home at sunrise. 他们在黎明回到家. （at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）. （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如：He went home at Christmas （at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）. 2. in指时间表示： （1）在某个较长的时间(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening （2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时,谓语动词为瞬间动词,意为 “在……以后”。如： He will arrive in two hours. 他将在两小时内到达。 (3)谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在……以内”。如： These products will be produced in a month.这些产品将在一个月内生产。 注意：after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后，但其后的时间是“一点”，而不是“一段”。如： He will arrive after two o’clock. 他将两点钟后到。 3. on指时间表示： （1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。如：On Christmas Day（On May 4th）, there will be a celebration. 在5月4号将会有一个庆祝活动。 （2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如： He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th. 他5日晚10点到达。

inonat的用法及区别

:早、午、晚、阳光、灯、影、衣、帽…… At:黎明、午夜、点与分，年、月、年月、季节、周，将来时态……In:以后…… (小处at大处in 有形with无形by 语言、单位、材料in) [特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in 介词at和to表方向] 2.On:日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 3. 收音、农场、值日，关于、基础、靠、著论， 4. 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准 5. （特定时日和“一……就”on后常接动名词） 6. [年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in] 7.In:cab，carriage 8. At:山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心 On:步行、驴、马、玩笑 <1.>关于时间 早、午、晚要用“in ” 例: in the afternoon 在下午in the morning 在早上 in the evening 在晚上in the day 在白天 at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn /at daybreak 在黎明时候 at night 在夜间at noon 在中午at midnight 在午夜 （以上短语都不用冠词） at nine o'clock 在9点钟 at half past ten 在10点半 at ten thirty . 在上午10点30分 at the weekend 在周末 <2.>关于年、月、年月、季节、周 即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”, 但在某年某月某日则用“on”在四季，在第几周等都要用“in” in 1927 在1927年in March 在三月 in July l984 在1984年7月 in the first week of this semester这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周in spring 在春季 <3.>关于日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚 (以下皆用“on”) on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on May the first 5月1日on the sixteenth 16号

六年级 介词 at、 in与on 用法区别

1、小学英语介词at，in与on在时间方面的用法 at表示时间的一点；in表示一个时期；on表示特殊日子。如： He goes to school at seven o’clock in the morning. 他早晨七点上学。 Can you finish the work in two days. 你能在两天内完成这个工作吗？ Linda was born on the second of May. 琳达五月二日出生。 1. at后常接几点几分，天明，中午，日出，日落，开始等。如：at five o’clock （五点），at down （黎明），at daybreak （天亮），at sunrise （日出），at noon （中午），at su nset （日落），at midnight （半夜），at the beginning of the month （月初），at that time （那时），at that moment （那会儿），at this time of day （在一天的这个时候）。 2. in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季节，世纪等。如： in 2006（2006年），in May，2004 （2004年五月），in the morning （早晨/上午），in the afternoon （下午），in the evening （晚上），in the night （夜晚），in the daytime （白天），in the 21st century （21世纪），in three days （weeks/month）三天（周/个月），in a week （一周），in spring （春季）。 3. on后常接某日，星期几，某日或某周日的朝夕，节日等。如：on Sunday （星期日），on a warm morning in April （四月的一个温暖的上午），on a December night （12月的一个夜晚），on that afternoon （那天下午），on the following night （下一个晚上），o n Christmas afternoon （圣诞节下午），on October 1，1949 （1949年10月1日），on New Year’s Day （新年），on New Year’s Eve （除夕），on the morning of the 15t h （15日的早上）等。 2、常见的介词 about 大约在……时间 about five o'clock 在周围，大约多远 about five kilometres 关于、涉及 talk about you above 高出某一平面 above sea level across 横过walk across the street对面across the street after 在……之后 after supper 跟……后面 one a fter another 追赶run after you against 背靠逆风 against the wall, against the wind 反对 be against you among 三者以上的中间 among the trees at 在某时刻 at ten o’clock 在小地点 at the school gate 表示速度 at high speed 向着，对着 at me before 在……之前 before lunch 位于……之前 sit before me behind 位于……之后 behind the tree below 低于……水平 below zero 不合格 below the standard by 到……时刻，在……时刻之前 by five o'clock 紧挨着 site by site 乘坐交通工具 by air, by bick被由 was made by us during 在……期间during the holidays for 延续多长时间 for five years 向……去 leave for Shanghai 为了，对于be good for you from 从某时到……某时 from morning till night 来自何方 from New Y ork 由某原料制成be made from 来自何处 where are you from in 在年、月、周较长时间内 in a week 在里面 in the room 用某种语言 in English 穿着in red into 进入……里面 walk into 除分 divide into 变动 turn into water near 接近某时 near five years 在……附近 near the park of 用某种原料制成 be made of 属于……性质 a map of U. S .A

介词in-on-at用法与区别

一. in,on在方位名词前的区别 1.in表示A地在B地范围之内。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2.on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如： North Korea is on the east of China. ※二. at, in, on在表示时间上的区别 1.at指时间表示： （1）时间的一点、时刻等。如： They came home at sunrise （at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）. （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如： He went home at Christmas （at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）. 2.in指时间表示： （1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc （2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下，用于将来时，谓语动词为瞬间动词，意为“在……以后”。如： He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在……以内”。如：

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英语中常用介词in、on、at、to的用法区别

英语中常用介词in、on、at、to的用法区别 介词是英语用词中的一大项，涉及面较广且用法也较灵活，所以记起来很是麻烦，下面我把一些习惯用的介词作了一个小节，供以参考。 早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。 有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和“一……就”，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 如大体掌握上面介词用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此篇不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。 早、午、晚要用in in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天 例： in the afternoon 在下午 in the morning 在早上 at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例 at dawn at daybreak 在黎明时候 at night 在夜间 at noon 在中午 at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词 at nine o'clock 在9点钟 at 8：30 seven thirty 在8点半 at half past ten 在10点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15分 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分半小时以上

on_in_at的区别及记忆口诀

一.in,on,to在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如： North Korea is on the east of China. 3.to表示方向，两地不接壤。如： Japan is to the east of China. 二. at, in, on在表示时间上的区别 1. at指时间表示： （1）时间的一点、时刻等。如： They came home at sunrise （at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）. （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如： at Christmas （at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）. 2. in指时间表示： （1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc （2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下，用于将来时，谓语动词为瞬间动词，意为“在……以后”。如： He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在……以内”。如： These products will be produced in a month. 注意：after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后，但其后的时间是“一点”，而不是“一段”。如： He will arrive after two o’clock. 3. on指时间表示： （1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。如： On Christmas Day（On May 4th） （2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如： On the night of the 5th. （3）准时，按时。如： on time 三. at, in和on表示地点时的区别 1. at表示地点： （1）用于指较小的地方。如： at the station. （2）用于门牌号码前。如： at 115 Zhongshan Road. 2. in表示地点： （1）用于指较大的地方。如： in Shanghai. （2）虽然是很小的地方，如果说话人住在那里，也可用in。商店、学校、机关等，若看作一个地点（point）用at，若看作一个场所（place）用in。如：I met him at the post-office. I’m now working in the post-office. 3. on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在……上；在……旁”。如：The picture was hanging on the wall. New York is on the Hudson River.

on in at的区别及记忆口诀

一. in,on在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内。如： Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如： North Korea is on the east of China. 二. at, in, on在表示时间上的区别 1. at指时间表示： （1）时间的一点、时刻等。如： They came home at sunrise （at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）. （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如：He went home at Christmas （at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）. 2. in指时间表示： （1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc （2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下，用于将来时，谓语动词为瞬间动词，意为“在……以后”。如： He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在……以内”。如： These products will be produced in a month. 注意：after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后，但其后的时间是“一点”，而不是“一段”。如： He will arrive after two o’clock. 3. on指时间表示： （1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。如： On Christmas Day（On May 4th）, there will be a celebration. （2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如： He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th. （3）准时，按时。如： If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark. 三. at, in和on表示地点时的区别 1. at表示地点： （1）用于指较小的地方。如： I shall wait for you at the station. （2）用于门牌号码前。如： He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road. 2. in表示地点： （1）用于指较大的地方。如： He lives in Shanghai. （2）虽然是很小的地方，如果说话人住在那里，也可用in。商店、学校、机关等，若看作一个地点（point）用at，若看作一个场所（place）用in。如： I met him at the post-office. I’m now working in the post-office.

一张图让你明白in、on和at的区别

一张图让你明白in、on和at的区别 你以前这样想过吗？ 为什么描述“在某月”用in、“在某日”用on、“在几点”用at？ 为什么描述“在某个城市”用in、“在某个街上”用on、“在某个门口”用at？ 这in、on和at之间到底是什么关系，有什么区别？ 如果你问以前的老师这个问题，他们可能会来一句“这是老外的习惯用法”，这或许是对这个问题最敷衍的回答了吧。 如果你只是根据“in表示在…里面，on表示在…上面，at表示在…”这样的传统思维方式来思考它们之间的有何规律的话，那么你是很难得到答案的，因为你没有接触到其英语思维逻辑的核心。一个单词在英语里可不是只表达几个具体的意思那么简单，它们更多的是通过立体而抽象的概念在逻辑思维中运作。 说了那么多，这三个介词之间到底有怎样的关系和区别呢？很简单，一张图就能让你直观地了解： 怎么样，是不是豁然开朗？你从前的老师有没有教过你in、on和at这三个词在表示时间地点时，具有从大到小、从宽泛到具体这样的抽象概念和规律？ 所以，从at home到on the street到in the city，然后更大的如国家、大洲等地理概念都用in 时间也是如此，从at 12 o’clock到on Friday到in this month，接着更大的概念如年、世纪等时间概念也都用in 再来看几个例句： 1. I will be at home at 6 p.m. 2. He helped an old lady on Wall Street on Monday. 3. He was in Beijing in 2008.

怎么样，是不是比死记硬背来得更容易理解，也知道为什么要有这样的组合了吧？ 学习英语的一个要点就是不能光理解单词字面上的意思，同时要去想象这个单词：它是一个什么样的概念，它带给人什么样的印象，它在不同的用途中有怎样的共通点。 比如用同样表示“在车里”，为什么在小轿车里被描述为“in a car”，在公交车里却被描述为“on a bus”？不能只认为这是老外的语言习惯。当你对这两个单词有更深了解后，你会感受到in给人一种“缩，包进范围内”的印象，而on则给人“直立、抬头挺胸”的感觉。 再一起来看一下at的几种用法： I will have lunch at 12 o’clock. I'm sorry, Steve's at lunch just now. He is waiting for you at the gate of the school. 思考一下，你的脑海中有没有产生这样一种感觉：at更像是用来强调“在某个具体的点”？比如几点几分，在哪个具体的地方，等等。 如果你能够开始产生这种印象了，那么熟悉这种思维感觉能让你更好地了解英语的语言逻辑。等时间长了，你的英语理解水平自然可以大为进步，想体会下把英语当母语说的感觉吗？先来做几道题目试试吧。 如果今天这in、on和at的规律和关系让你有所收获，便是小编最开心的事。也希望今天的内容能开拓你的思路，在学习英语时不能只跟着以前的教育内容和方式走。多尝试对英语有新的理解，或许能够让你找到成功的捷径，比别人更快掌握这门语言。

in on at的用法及区别解析

1.In:早、午、晚、阳光、灯、影、衣、帽…… At:黎明、午夜、点与分，年、月、年月、季节、周，将来时态…… In:以后…… (小处 at大处in 有形with无形by 语言、单位、材料in) [特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in 介词at和to表方向] 2.On:日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日，关于、基础、靠、著论， 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准 （特定时日和“一……就” on后常接动名词） [年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in] In:cab，carriage At:山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心 On:步行、驴、马、玩笑 <1.>关于时间 早、午、晚要用“in ” 例: in the afternoon 在下午 in the morning 在早上 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天 at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn /at daybreak 在黎明时候 at night 在夜间 at noon 在中午 at midnight 在午夜 （以上短语都不用冠词） at nine o'clock 在9点钟 at half past ten 在10点半 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 at the weekend 在周末 <2.>关于年、月、年月、季节、周 即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”, 但在某年某月某日则用“on”在四季，在第几周等都要用“in” in 1927 在1927年 in March 在三月 in July l984 在1984年7月 in the first week of this semester这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 in spring 在春季 <3.>关于日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚 (以下皆用“on”) on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on May the first 5月1日 on the sixteenth 16号

介词in,on,at用法和区别

介词at, in, on的区别 1. 表示时间，注意以下用法： (1) 表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用at。如： I get up at six in the morning. 我早上六点钟起床。 He got married at the age of 25. 他25 岁结婚。 (2) 泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用in。如： We watch TV in the evening. 我们晚上看电视。 He went to Japan in 1946. 他于1946 去了日本。 (3) 若表示星期几或某一特定的日期，则用on。如： He left here on the fifth of May. 他于5 月5 日离开这儿。 2. 表示地点、场所、位置等，注意以下用法： (1) 表示某一点位置，用at。如： We live at No 87 Beijing Road. 我们住在北京路87 号。 The hospital is at the end of the street. 医院在这条街的尽头。 与名词所有格连用表示地点，也用at。如： at my sister’s 在我姐姐家at the doctor’s 在医务室 (2) 表示空间或范围，用in。如： What’s in the box? 这盒子里有什么? He lives in Paris with his wife. 他同他妻子住在巴黎。 但有时两者可换用。如： The meeting was held at [in] the hotel. 会议在宾馆举行。 (3) at 与in 的另一个区别是：at 用于指较小的地方，而in 用于指较大的地方。如： in Shanghai 在上海at the station 在车站 但是，大与小是相对的，有时随着说话者的着眼点不同，大地方也可能用at(比如把一个大地方 看作一个点时)。如： Our plane refuelled at London. 我们的飞机在伦敦加油。 We stopped for an hour at Moscow on our way to Paris. 我们在去巴黎的途中在莫斯科停了1 个小 时。 (4) 介词on 用于地点，主要指在某物的表面。如： What’s on the table? 桌上有什么? There’s a wallet lying on the ground. 地上有个钱包。 注：在少数搭配中，也用介词on。如： He works on a farm. 他在农场工作。 3. 在某些搭配中，三者的区别与英国英语和美国英语有关： in the street (英) / on the street (美) 在街上 in the road (英) / on the road (美) 在路上 in the team (英) / on the team (美) 在这个队 at the weekend (英) / on the weekend (美) 在周末 at weekends (英) / on weekends (美) 在周末 4. 有时三者的差别与搭配习惯和用法有关： in bed / on the bed 在床上(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f66168359.html,) in the tree (多指树外之物) / on the tree (多指树本身之物) 在树上 介词in，on，to 都可以用来表示某个位置的方向，它们的意义不同，故表示的方向及范围也不 同： 1. in 表示方位，含义是“在……之内”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。例如： China is in the east of Asia. 中国在亚洲东部。(中国是亚洲的一个国家，处于亚洲的范围之内) Guilin is in the north of Guangxi. 桂林在广西北部。(桂林是广西的一座城市) Taiwan lies in the east of China. 台湾在中国的东部。(台湾是中国东部的一个省份，是中国的领土，在中国的疆域之内)

时间前面in,on at的区别

时间前面加的介词in，at，on的区别 【in】我是“大姐”，因为我后面所接的都是较长时间。 具体用法有：1．表示在较长的时间里（如周／月份／季节／年份／世纪等）。如：in a week；in May；in spring／summer／autumn／winter；in 2008；in the 1990’s等。 2．表示在上午、下午或晚上。如：in the morning／afternoon／evening。3．in the daytime（在白天）属于固定搭配，指从日出到日落这一段时间4．“in ＋一段时间”表示“多久以后／以内”，常与将来时连用。如：in half an hour；in ten minutes；in a few days等。 【on】我是“二姐”，我后面所接的时间多与日期有关。 具体用法有：1．表示在具体的某一天（如日期、生日、节日或星期几）。如：on May 4th，1919；on Monday；on Teachers’ Day；on my birthday；on that day等。 2．表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。如：on the morning of July 2；on Sunday afternoon；on a cold winter evening等。 【at】我是“小妹”，因为接在我后面的时间最短。 具体用法有：1．表示在某一具体时刻，即几点几分。如：at six o’clock；at half past nine；at a quarter to six；at this time等。 2．表示在某一短暂的时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子如：at noon；at this moment；at the end of a year；at the start of the concert，at New Year, at Christmas等。 练习： ( ) 1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2.----There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -----No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up ( ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during ( ) 5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of ( ) 6. The train is starting___five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D.still ( ) 7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on ( ) 8. Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 9 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For ( ) 10 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.