GET2007-6研究生学位英语

Part I Listening Comprehension (25minutes, 20points)

Section A (1Point each)

1. A. He doesn't like classic music. B. He feels sorry to decline the offer

C. He is eager to go to the concert.

D. He hasn't got a ticket yet.

2. A. At the garage. B. At the restaurant. C. At the supermarket. D. At the office.

3. A. Tony doesn't always listen. B. Tony has hearing problems.

C. It's unusual that Tony missed the interview

D. Tony often forgets himself.

4. A. The weather is generally cooler and drier. B. The weather is generally warmer and wetter.

C. The weather is moderately hot.

D. The weather is usually changeable.

5. A. A doctor. B. An operator, C. A nurse. D. A dentist.

6. A. $0.35 B. $3.50 C. $3.05 D. $30.5

7. A. He had something wrong with his watch. B. He thought the meeting was for a different day.

C. His oral presentation was not well-prepared.

D. He was not paying attention to the time.

8. A. He didn't attend Professor Smith's class last time.

B. He thinks the class will meet as scheduled.

C. The woman should pose a more serious question.

D. Professor Smith often cancels classes for the long weekend.

9. A. The woman does not drink beer. B. It was not the woman's coat.

C. The woman just had her coat cleaned.

D. The woman is not angry with the man.

Section B ( 1 point each)

10. A. 850,000 children, around two percent, are currently learning at home

B. School system provides teachers for home schooling.

C. All the states in the U.S. permit home schooling.

D. Home schooled children are never expected to go to college.

11. A. Because their children do not like attending schools.

B. Because they love their children too much to send them away from home

C. Because home schooling provides more time for the family to be together.

D. Because they are able to help their kids to learn more social skills.

12. A. A variety of honeybee. B. A geographic magazine.

C. A National Home School Honor Society

D. A national top competition.

13. A. Importance of biodiversity. B. Protection of wild species.

C. Farm pollution.

D. Agricultural methods.

14. A. Rice, maize, potato and wheat. B. Corn, bean, rice and wheat.

C. Potato, maize, bean and rice.

D. Rice, corn, wheat and sweet potato

15. A. They can harm wetlands, rivers and other environments needed to support life

B. They can destroy crops, native species and property.

C. They spread in areas they are not native to with natural controls.

D. They hardly survive different conditions.

Section C ( 1 point each)

Lecture Topic: Getting a good night’s sleep

16. There are several ___________ drugs available to help people sleep.

If you don’t want to use drugs, there are some things you can do on your own to help get a good night’s sleep: 17. 1)___________________________________________

18. 2)___________________________________________

19. 3)___________________________________________

20. 4)___________________________________________

PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )

Section A (0.5 point each )

21. Nothing can be more absurd than to say that human beings are doomed.

A. compelling

B. rational

C. ridiculous

D. ambiguous

22. The Chinese government continues to uphold the principle of peaceful co-existence.

A. support

B. restrict

C. raise

D. modify

23. Patients are expected to comply with doctors' instructions for quick recovery.

A. improve on

B. abide by

C. draw upon

D. reflect on

24. Scientists have achieved findings substantial enough to remove our fear of GM foods.

A. abundant

B. controversial

C. conducive

D. convincing

25. Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be better off.

A. more wealthy

B. less successful

C. dismissed earlier

D. favorably positioned

26. If you hold on to a winning attitude, you'll make a greater effort and also create positive momentum.

A. influence

B. strength

C. outlook

D. consequence

27. Academic integrity is deemed essential to those devoted to scientific researches.

A. believed

B. discarded

C. advocated

D. confirmed

28. Customers in these markets of antiques are good at slashing prices.

A. assessing

B. cutting

C. elevating

D. altering

29. The public attached great importance to the news that prices of housing would be brought under control.

A. joined

B. ascribed

C. fastened

D. diverted

30. Thousands of people left their rural homes and flocked into the cities to live beside the new factories.

A. dashed

B. filed

C. strolled

D. swarmed

Section B (0.5 point each)

31._________this dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.

A. Tied up with

B. Fed up with

C. Wrapped up in

D. Piled up with

32. In the letter, my friend said that he would love to have me as a guest in his _____ home.

A. humble

B. obscure

C. inferior

D. lower

33. Tom is sick of city life, so he buys some land in Alaska, as far from ________ as possible.

A. humidity

B. humanity

C. harmony

D. honesty

34. As an important _______ for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.

A. vessel

B. vest

C. venture

D. vehicle

35. The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who ___six years of instruction.

A. set about

B. run for

C. sit through

D. make for

36. The wages of manual laborers stay painfully low, meaning digitalization could drive an even deeper ______between the

rich and poor.

A. boundary

B. difference

C. wedge

D. variation

37. A farmer must learn the kinds of crops best ____ the soils on his farm.

A. accustomed to

B. committed to

C. applied to

D. suited to

38. The sun is so large that if it were ______, it would hold a million earths.

A. elegant

B. immense

C. hollow

D. clumsy

39. This patient's life could be saved only by a major operation. That would _____ her to a high risk.

A. expose

B. lead

C. contribute

D. send

40. It takes a year for the earth to make each ________, or revolution, around the sun.

A. tour

B. travel

C. visit

D. trip

PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)

Harvard University's under-graduate education is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is 41 its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this 42 what many people had said that Harvard's curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization.

"Harvard needs to 43 its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important," said Kirby.

Particularly 44 is the idea that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.

Students can either find the program themselves or 45 some exchange programs offered by the university.

" 46 studying Chinese history without leaving the university, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China."

It was also recommended that Harvard 47 its required "core curriculum". The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly 48 topic and emphasized "ways of knowing".

Under a new plan, the curriculum would be replaced with a set of 49 "Harvard College Courses", emphasizing knowledge over methodology and 50 wider territory. A life sciences course, for example, might combine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross, Harvard College dean.

41. A. inspecting B. reviewing C. searching D. underlying

42. A. in accordance with B. in line with C. in charge of D. in response to

43. A. update B. uphold C. upset D. upward

44. A. trust-worthy B. note-worthy C. praise-worthy D. reward-worthy

45. A. turn out B. turn in C. turn to D. turn over

46. A. In spite of B. As if C. Let alone D. Rather than

47. A. perish B. destroy C. abolish D. denounce

48. A. appropriate B. imaginative C. special D. specific

49. A. optical B. optional C. opposite D. optimistic

50. A. sparing B. spiraling C. spanning D. sparkling

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)

Passage One

A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution.'? Quite a lot, it turns out.

Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source--exhaust fumes(烟气). Also don't walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side.

Sitting on the driver's side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be, less toxic than that

at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.

When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.

There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.

51. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to fight air pollution in big cities.

B. How to avoid air pollution in big cities.

C. How to breathe fresh air in big cities.

D. How serious air pollution is in big cities.

52. According to the report, air pollution in big cities __________.

A. can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disaster

B. cannot be compared with the disaster in Chernobyl

C. can release as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disaster

D. can be more serious than we used to think

53. When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side ___________.

A. where the wind is coming

B. where the wind is going

C. where the wind is weaker

D. where the wind is stronger

54. If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _________.

A. on the left side in the bus

B. on the right side in the bus

C. in the middle of the bus

D. at the back of the bus

55. It is implied in the passage that ________.

A. people should not take street level transportation

B. tiny iron particles will not cause health problems

C. air pollution on an underground train is less poisonous

D. traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus

56. While waiting to cross a busy street, you should ___________.

A. wait a few seconds until the fumes reduce

B. stay away from the traffic as far as possible

C. hold your breath until you get to the other side of the street

D. count down for the light to change

Passage Two

Global warming poses a threat to the earth, but humans can probably ease the climate threats brought on by rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global climate specialist Richard Alley told an audience at the University of Vermont. Alley said his research in Greenland suggested that subtle changes in atmospheric patterns leave parts of the globe susceptible to abrupt and dramatic climate shifts that can last decades or centuries.

Almost all scientists agree that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created as humans burn fossil fuel is warming the planet. How to respond to the warming is a matter of intense political, scientific and economic debate worldwide.

Alley said he was upbeat about global warming because enough clever people existed in the world to find other reliable energy sources besides fossil fuels. He said people can get rich finding marketable alternatives to fossil fuel. "Wouldn't it be useful if the United States were to have a piece of the action. Wouldn't it be useful if some bright students from University of Vermont were to have a piece of the action," Alley said.

Alley said that Europe and parts of eastern North America could in a matter of a few years revert to a cold, windy region, like the weather in Siberia. Such shifts have occurred frequently over the millennia, Alley's research shows. A gradual change in atmospheric temperature, such as global warming, could push the climate to a threshold where such a shift suddenly occurs, he said.

Alley told his audience of about 200 people in a University of Vermont lecture hall Wednesday evening that he couldn't predict if, when or where sudden shifts toward cold, heat, drought or water could occur under global warming, but it is something everyone should consider.

"This is not the biggest problem in the world. The biggest problem in the world is getting along with each other. But it's part of that because we're not going to get along with each other if we're not getting along with the planet," Alley said.

57. According to Ally the climate threats to the earth brought by global warming _________.

A. can be eased

B. can be ended

C. will become worse

D. will last for decades

58. Ally's research shows that dramatic climate changes may be caused by ___________.

A. abrupt changes in atmospheric patterns

B. subtle changes in atmospheric patterns

C. humans' burning of fossil fuel

D. increasing levels of carbon dioxide

59. The word "upbeat" (in Paragraph 3) probably means __________.

A. pessimistic

B. optimistic

C. worried

D. insensible

60. What does Ally suggest people do in order to reduce global warming?

A. To find other energy sources besides fossil fuels.

B. To start a political, scientific and economic debate.

C. To take action to burn no fossil fuels.

D. To call on people worldwide to protect our earth.

61. Alley predicts that global warming could turn Europe and parts of eastern North America into ______.

A. a region like Siberia

B. a warmer and warmer place

C. a tropical region

D. a place like North Pole

62. Ally thinks the biggest problem in the world is

A. lack of harmony

B. violence

C. global warming

D. climate shift

Passage Three

We're talking about money here, and the things you buy with it--and about what attitude we should take to spending.

Across most of history and in most cultures, there has been a general agreement that we should work hard, save for the future and spend no more than we can afford. It's nice to have a comfortable life right now, but it is best to think of the future. Yet economists have long known that things don't work out that way. They point to an idea called the "paradox of thrift." Imagine you are the owner of a big business making consumer goods. You want your own staff to work hard and save their money. That way, you don't have to pay them as much. But you want everybody else to spend all the money they can. That way you make bigger profits.

It's a problem on a global scale. Many people in the UK and the United States are worried about levels of personal debt. Yet if people suddenly stopped buying things and started paying back what they owe to credit card companies, all the

economies of the Western world would collapse. The banks would be happy, but everybody else would be in trouble.

Traditionally, economists have believed that spending money is about making rational choices. People buy things to make their life better in some way. But in recent years, they have noticed that people often do not actually behave in that way. We all know people who take pleasure in buying useless things. And there are many people around who won't buy things that they need.

In a recent series of experiments, scientists at Stanford University in the US confirmed something that many people have long suspected. People spend money because the act of buying gives them pleasure. And they refuse to spend when it causes them pain. The scientists discovered that different areas of the brain that anticipate pleasure and pain become more active when we are making a decision to buy things. People who spend a lot have their pleasure centers stimulated. People who like to save find buying things painful.

If you think you really want that product because it's beautiful or useful, you are wrong, say the scientists. The desire to buy something is a product of the reaction between chemicals released by different parts of the brain when the eyes see a product.

63. Across most of history and in most cultures, people are advised to _____________.

A. enjoy their present life as much as possible

B. spend every penny they have earned

C. save every penny for the future

D. save some money for later use

64. According to the context, "paradox" (in Paragraph 2) probably means “__________”.

A. contradiction

B. hypothesis

C. declaration

D. assertion

65. It is implied that many people in the UK and the United States

A. have to work hard to make ends meet

B. spend more than they can afford

C. have trouble in paying back their debts

D. don't pay back their debts on time

66. According to the resent studies made by economists, people__________.

A. take pleasure in buying useless things

B. won't buy things that they need.

C. spend their money irrationally

D. make rational choices while spending their money

67. It has been proved by the scientists at Stanford University that some people like to save money because_____.

A. they like keeping their money in the bank

B. they will feel safe if they save enough money for the future

C. they don't want to spend their money on useless things

D. spending money gives them pain

68. The passage mainly tells us_________.

A. how to spend our money

B. it is better to save some money for the future

C. it is the chemicals released from the brain that decide our spending

D. how to form a habit of rational spending

Passage Four

Trees are good. Good enough to hug. Planting trees will make the world cooler than it would otherwise be. This is the subject of a newly published study by Govindasamy Bala, of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in California, and his colleagues. Dr Bala has found, rather counter-intuitively, that removing all of the world's trees might actually cool the planet down.

The reason for this is that trees affect the world's temperature by means other than the carbon they take in. For instance forests remain quite a dark shade even after a snowstorm. They are certainly darker than grasslands, and thus they can absorb more of the sun's heat than vegetation which might otherwise cover the same stretch of land. That warms things up.

Dr Bala and his colleagues took such effects into account using a computer model called the Integrated Climate and Carbon Model. Unlike most climate-change models, which calculate how the Earth should absorb and radiate heat in

response to a list of greenhouse-gas concentrations, this one has many subsections that represent how the carbon cycle works, and how it influences the climate.

Overall, Dr Bala's model suggests that complete deforestation would cause an additional 1.3 C temperature rise compared with business as usual, because of the higher carbon-dioxide levels that would result. However, the additional reflectivity of the planet would cause 1.6 C of cooling. A treeless world would thus be 0.3 C cooler than otherwise.

No one, of course, would consider chopping down the world's forests to keep the planet cool. But having made their point, Dr Bala and his colleagues then went on to look at forest growth and loss at different latitudes. Planting trees in convenient places such as Europe and North America may actually be counterproductive. In Russia and Canada, cutting trees down led mostly to local cooling. The carbon dioxide this released into the atmosphere, though, warmed the world all over. Around the equator, by contrast, warming acted locally (as well as globally), so a tropical country would experience warming created by cutting down trees.

The results follow increasing criticism from climate scientists of the benefits of forestry schemes to offset carbon emissions. Planting trees to neutralise carbon emissions has become a big business: ￡60m worth of trees have been bought this year, up from ￡20m in 2005. By 2010 the market is expected to reach ￡300m.

69. According to the passage, trees make the world warmer because of their _________.

A. deep color

B. round shape

C. enormous size

D. high reflectivity

70. Dr Bala's Integrated Climate and Carbon Model____________.

A. supports the findings of other climate models

B. is based on the results of other climate models

C. uses a system different from other climate models

D. challenges the basic theory of other climate models

71. Based on Dr Bala's model, a treeless world would__________.

A. cause serious environmental problems

B. prove helpful in fighting global warming

C. make it difficult to deal with climate change

D. raise carbon dioxide levels and global temperature

72. According to Dr Bala, the best places to plant trees would be__________.

A. North America

B. Europe

C. High-latitude countries.

D. tropical countries

73. As is shown in the passage, criticism from other climate scientists__________.

A. should be taken rather seriously

B. is unreasonable and far-fetched

C. involves mostly economic interests

D. is voiced on behalf of the government

74. The best title for the passage is____________.

A. Should Green Trees Be Left Alone?

B. Why Green Trees Might Not Be Green?

C. How to Help Green Trees Survive?

D. How to Go Green with Green Trees?

Passage Five

The patient needed a spinal tap, and a senior attending physician asked a medical resident whether a preparatory blood test had been checked. The medical student was stunned to hear him answer in the affirmative, because she was quite certain it had not been checked.

Well, almost certain.

Doctors in training sometimes confront situations in which they worry that their supervising physicians are making mistakes or bending the truth. Yet even though such acts can jeopardize patients, the inclination and ability of young doctors to speak up is hampered by the hierarchies in teaching hospitals.

On the top were the senior physicians who made rounds on the wards once or twice daily. Next were the overworked residents, who essentially lived in the hospital while training. Last were the medical students who were most assuredly at the bottom of the heap.

The student whose resident seemingly lied to the attending physician about the blood test did not speak up. The resident was a good doctor, she said, and so she had given him the benefit of the doubt. And, she added, both the resident and the attending physician would be grading her.

What should a medical student do in such a situation? One possibility is to take the matter up with a more senior doctor. Or the student might go directly to the patient or family, telling them that the physicians have a genuine disagreement and that they deserve to know about it.

These options seem logical on paper. As the ethicist James Dwyer has written in The Hastings Center Report, "The practice of always keeping quiet is a failure of caring." But in the real world, it may be extremely difficult to go up the chain of command.

Fortunately, medical educators are increasingly recognizing the dilemmas that doctors in training confront when they witness behavior that makes them uncomfortable. Students and residents are now expected to provide routine feedback -- positive and negative -- about their supervising physicians at the close of their rotation.

Of course, physicians and students need to be educated about how to give feedback in professional and nonconfrontational ways. Medical educators are only now beginning to teach this skill. Still, it will be hard to change the unfortunate perception that constructive feedback, even for a patient's benefit, is whistle-blowing.

75. As mentioned in the passage, the hospital hierarchy______________.

A. is useful to the people on the lower layer

B. is built on a performance-reward system

C. is a barrier to the exchange of medical views

D. is an effective way of teaching medical students

76. "the benefit of the doubt" in Paragraph 5 shows that_________________.

A. the student was not quite certain that she was right

B. the resident did not respond to the student's doubt

C. the student was denied the chance to doubt the superior

D. the resident benefited from the student's suggestion

77. James Dwyer's words mean that___________.

A. students should learn to speak both kindly and professionally

B. students should challenge the superior for the benefit of patients

C. students should retain their faith even after facing some difficulties

D. students should be educated on how to care more about the patients

78. What is the attitude of medical educators toward teaching students to give feedback?

A. Confused.

B. Indifferent.

C. Reluctant.

D. Enthusiastic.

79. The author tends to believe that the problem faced by medical students

A. will remain for a long time

B. will disappear in the near future

C. should not be exaggerated

D. cannot be solved successfully

80. The passage focuses on_____________.

A. the development of teaching hospitals' hierarchies

B. the different roles in teaching hospitals' hierarchies

C. the future reforms on teaching hospitals' hierarchies

D. the problems caused by teaching hospitals' hierarchies

PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)

Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)

In this book, we offer advice that we hope will seem reasonable and worth serious consideration. But as any experienced writer knows, there are occasions when even the best advice may not apply. The demands of writing for different audiences, with different purposes, on different subjects, at different levels of formality are so varied that they

cannot begin to be anticipated in a book like this, and we recognize that what is appropriate for one piece of writing may not be appropriate for another. In most cases, you will have to avoid ambiguity at all costs so as not to leave your words open to misinterpretation．

Section B(15 minutes，10 points)

中国可持续发展依赖的有限自然资源正在锐减。一方面是生产规模在不断扩大，消耗更多的能源；另一方面是缺少能高效利用能源的生产设备。这迫使我们思考如何为后人留下足够的环境空间以使他们实现他们的愿望。

PART VI WRITING(30 minutes，10 points)

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of “Publish or Perish” Your composition should be based on the information given below：

Many universities require each graduate student to have at least one paper published before getting the master's degree．They say this is a good way to evaluate the graduate students．What do you think about this?

参考答案

Part V Translation

Section A

在本书中，我们提出一些建议，我们希望这些建议看起来合理并值得认真考虑。但有经验的作者都知道，有时最好的建议也可能不适用。写书要针对不同的读者，具有不同的目的，有关不同的题材，语言的正式程度也不同，所有这一切提出种种要求，本书是无法预见到的。我们也意识到对某一作品是合适的内容而对另一作品来说可能不合适。在多数情况下，你只好不惜代价把含义表达清楚(避免含义不清)，目的是防止人们随意曲解你使用的文字。Section B

The limited natural resources on which China's sustainable development depends are declining sharply, on the one hand, the expanding scale of production leads to (results in) increased consumption of energy / the scale of production keeps expanding, consuming more energy. On the other hand, production facilities (equipment) that can utilize energy efficiently are lacking. That (This) forces us to think about how to leave enough environmental space to future generations (our offspring) so that they can fulfill their aspirations.

研究生学位英语29

考试须知 1、本次考试试卷有试题册（试卷一）和答题纸（Answer Sheet)两种，答题时间 为120分钟。 2、请考生用钢笔在Answer Sheet上写上姓名、学号、专业班级。 3、请考生在Answer Sheet上答题，写在试题册上的答案一律作废。 4、选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作废。选定答案后，在Answer Sheet中找到相应题号，将答案对应字母（A\B\C\D）填写在题号后的括号里。注意保持字迹清晰工整，容易识别。由于字迹潦草、答案模棱两可甚至无法识别者，一律判为0分，责任由考生本人负责。 5、简答题、翻译和作文等主观题部分的答题请考生用钢笔书写在Answer Sheet 指定位置上。 6、考试结束，考生不得将试题册和答题纸带出考场。请把试题册和答题纸分别 上交监考老师。 Test 29 Part I Situational Conversations (10%) Directions:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of the corresponding letter． 1. Robert: How annoying. I can’t figure out a solution to this problem. Can you help me? Anderson: __________. A. How stupid you are. The problem is too easy to disturb me. B. Well, I’m afraid I can’t at the moment. C. You shouldn’t feel annoyed. After all,it’s your own problem. D. OK. Though it’s beyond me, let me try. 2. Speaker A: Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the nearest post office? Speaker B: ________ A. OK. I’d like to go with you. B. Of course. Go down this street and turn le ft. C. Sorry. I’m busy now. Go away. D . No problem. It’s my pleasure to direct you. 3. Customer: I need some aspirin, please, and I'd also like to get this prescription filled．

研究生学位英语翻译

0501 戒严与其说是个人的选择, 不如说是对自己毅力的考验, 因为人们普遍认为吸烟是上瘾的. 尽管专家的建议和药物疗法确实能增加永久戒严的可能性, 但是避免这种困境的最好的方法就是不要涉猎吸烟. 吸烟的负面影响在各个程度上是不同的, 它与吸烟的数量以及烟龄的长短, 还有开始吸烟的年龄有关. 这份报告向以下观点提出了质疑, 这种观点认为吸烟几年不会产生永久的危害性的后果. 我们希望阻止这种普遍的但是却是生死攸关的习惯, 并且提醒大家戒烟的时间越长, 和吸烟有关的健康问题就会大幅度地减少. It is increasingly realized that ( There is a growing realization /awareness that ) developing environment-protecting products really count. To fulfill the long-term and substantial development, developed countries should at all costs decrease the emission of greenhouse gases. If the speed of global warming nowadays continues, the probability of disappearance from the earth to such big cities as Tokyo and London will be 10 times as fast as that of 20 years ago. 0506 本书是在全国不同学校讲课几十年的结晶.它基于以下观

专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-15词汇及课后答案

Unit 15 Aesthetics Word Bank abridge：to make sth. shorter删节，缩略 administer：to manage or direct管理 alienate：to make someone unwilling to give support使疏远 arbitrary：based on personal opinion rather than facts or reason任意的，随意的 assume：to believe sth. to be true without strong proof; to expect假设；假定 blemish：sth. that spoils perfection瑕疵，污点 complexion：the natural color or appearance of the skin, esp. of the face面色；肤色 conceive：to become pregnant with (a child) 孕育 confess：to admit (a fault, crime etc) 承认；坦白 demean：to cause to lose sense of personal pride贬损，降低身份 detriment：the condition of suffering harm or damage损害，伤害 disciple：a follower信徒 disparage：to speak about without respect贬低，轻视 dissect：to cut up so as to study the shape and relationship of the parts, as medical students do 解剖，切开 enchantment: a delightful influence or feeling of delight魅力，着迷 honorable：deserving honor值得尊敬的 inferior：not good or less good in quality or value次的，差的 lamentable：very unsatisfactory令人惋惜的，可叹的 masculine：of or having qualities suitable for a man男性的，阳刚的 narcissism：too great love for one's own abilities or physical appearance自恋，自我陶醉overtone：things that are suggested but not shown or stated clearly含义，弦外之音 pagan：of a person who is not a believer of any of the chief religions of the world异教徒的paradox：a statement that contradicts itself悖论 pedagogy：the practice of teaching or the study of teaching methods教学法，教育学 preen：to dress up打扮 privilege：a special advantage limited to a particular person or group特权，特殊待遇 renounce：to give up (a claim) 声明放弃 scrutiny：a close study or look仔细检查，详审 seductive：very desirable or attractive有魅力的 trivial：of little worth or importance琐碎的，没有价值的 vestige：a sign, mark, track, or other proof that sb. or sth. formerly existed痕迹，残余Phrases and Expressions attribute...to：to believe (sth.) to be the result or work of归因于，认为是…的结果 be wary of：to be careful of谨防，谨慎 deprive...of：to take sth. away from somebody剥夺 distinguish：between to make a difference between区分，区别 identify...with：to share feelings or ideas of others; to consider as similar to与…共鸣；视……为一体

非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程

非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程 考试大纲 (试行稿) 《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(Non English Major Graduate Stu dent English Qualifying Test，简称GET)是根据《非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲(试行稿)》制定的。本大纲规定了硕士生英语学位课程通过考试的内容、形式、时间和计分。考试目的在于考核已修完研究生英语课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，以及实际掌握和运用英语的能力。 一、基础英语部分 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解(占15%)、词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(30%)、翻译(占20%)、写作(占10%)。分两份试卷：试卷一(Paperl)包括前四个部分，共80题；试卷二(Paper2)包括翻译和写作，共3题。全部题目按顺序统一编号。 第一部分听力理解(Part I Listening Comprehension)；听力理解部分主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，判断对话情景、场合、人物关系、身份和说话人的意图及话语含义的能力。共15题，考试时间为15分钟左右。主要测试考生能否一遍听懂语速为每分钟120个词的对话和短文。本部分共有二节： A节(Section A)：共9题，每题为一段对话。问句后有15秒间隙，要求考生从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 B节(Section B)：共6题，题目或为问句或为未完成的句子，分别安排在2—3篇听力材料之后。要求考生在15秒的间隙中从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 第二部分词汇(Part I Vocabulary)：词汇部分主要测试考生运用词汇和短语的能力。测试教学大纲的词汇表、词组表及词根词缀表所覆盖的内容。着重测试研究生阶段所学的词和基础词的多种词性及词义搭配、易混词的区别及难词的认知。词汇与词组的比例为7∶3。共20题，分A、B两节，考试为10分钟。 A节(Section A)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句中有一词或固定词组下面划有横线，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出该划线词或词组的最佳同义词或最佳释义。 B节(Section B)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句子中有一个空白，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出最恰当的词或词组使该句成为逻辑合理、表达正确的英文句。 第三部分完形填空(Part III Cloze Test)：主要测试考生在语篇水平上的理解能力和实际运用语言的能力。测试内容可以是句型、结构，也可以是词汇、词组和习惯用语。共15题。考试时间为10分钟。测试的形式是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200—250词)

Unit-2专业学位硕士研究生英语教程词汇及课后答案

Unit 2 Men V.S. (against) Women男女有别 Word Bank (assist=help) assistance: n. aid帮助，协助; first aid急救 associate (~ A with B= relate A to B): 1) n.a companion (=company伙伴/ 公司; accompany sb. to somewhere); 1)n. a partner合伙人2)v. to connect in the mind or imagination联想; 3)a. 副~ professor副教授 disengage: v. to release (oneself) from an engagement, pledge, or obligation解脱，解放; be oblighed (#forced) to do sth.不得不做某事；be ~in sth.参与某事 (attract<->) distract (->distraction干扰): v. to cause to turn away from the original focus of attention or interest分散，转移 (move->motion/ motion picture=film/ movie) emotionally: adv. related to emotion情绪上地fade: v. to lose strength or vitality (energy)衰退 forgetful: adj. tending or likely (possible) to forget健忘; forgetable<->unforgetable (frict: vt.) friction: n. conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests矛盾 Ignore (->ignorant->ignorance): v. to refuse to pay attention to不理睬，忽视 (instinct: n.-> instinctive; a.->) instinctively: adv. relating to, or resulting from instinct本能地 Mars: n. the fourth planet from the sun火星；~ Square战神广场 (mall购物广场#) mull: v. to go over extensively in the mind思虑; (neglegence->neglegeble) neglect: v. to pay little or no attention to忽视，疏忽overwhelm (overcome/ defeat): v. to overpower the thoughts, emotions, or senses (=reason) of 制服，控制 preoccupy: v. to engross the thoughts or mind of使全神贯注，迷住; enable; encourage鼓励(at random=) randomly: adv. of no specific order or pattern随意，任意地 (resent: vt.) resentment: n. anger, bitterness怨恨，愤恨 (lose one’s temper发火->temporary) temporarily: adv. of a short period of time暂时，临时地(tense->) tension: n. a situation or condition of (host<->hstess->hostile->) hostility suspense, or [easy#ease: 1. n./ 2. vt. to ease the pain；make you at ~=make you at home; feel/ be at ease很自在/ 很舒服) uneasiness (unconfortableness/ nervousness)紧张局势 (response: n. respond: vi. ->responsive->) unresponsive: adj. exhibiting a lack of responsiveness迟钝的 [wind: 1. n.->windy; 2. vt. to ~ the clock; 3. vi. ~ road] unwind: v. to make or become relaxed 放松，释放 Venus: n. the second planet from the sun金星 withdraw：v. to retire or retreat撤离，撤退 Phrases and Expressions be associated with: to be connected with与…有关 cope with: to deal with妥善处理，有效地对付 fade into: to disappear into消失于… focus on: to concentrate on聚焦

研究生学位英语汉译英试题

近年汉译英试题 2004年1月 考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其它学科，希望英语分数越高越好。许多人坚信成功地秘诀是参加短训班和多背范文，结果却发现此招不灵。他们为提高英语水平做出的努力很难得到回报。 参考译文： Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much (/far) more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for the highest possible scores of English. Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses (/classes) and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work. Their efforts to improving their English can’t pay off easily. 2004年6月 计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。它的神奇之处在于其运算速度和准确性优于人类。计算机能在几秒钟内完成几十年前可能需要数天才能完成的事。这是人类第一次感到自己作为最高级物种的地位受到了挑战。 参考译文： The computer is believed (/regarded /considered) to be the invention that has exerted the greatest influence on human lives in history. What is remarkable about it is that it can calculate with better speed and accuracy than man. The computer can finish in seconds what might have taken days decades ago. This is the first time that man has felt that his position (/status) as the highest species has been challenged. 2005年1月 人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家不惜代价减少温室气体的排放。如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20前的10倍。 参考译文： People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce

关于2016年硕士研究生英语学位课程

关于2016年硕士研究生英语学位课程 水平考试的通知 各有关学院： 根据《云南农业大学非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程水平考试 管理办法（试行）》（校办发[2005]45号），学校定于2016 年5月21日(星期六)上午9:00—11:30举行硕士研究生英语学位课程水 平考试。现将有关事项通知如下： 一、考试内容 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解（占20%）、词汇（占10%）、完形填 空（占10%）、阅读理解（占30%）、翻译（占20%）、写作（占10%）。 试卷分两份：试卷一 (Paper 1) 包括前四个部分，共80---90题； 试卷二 (Paper 2) 包括翻译和写作，共三题。 二、考试对象 1. 未通过硕士学位英语水平考试的在校全日制硕士研究生(含全日 制硕士专业学位研究生)； 2. 2012级毕业后未通过硕士学位英语水平考试的全日制硕士研究 生。 三、报名程序 1. 网上报名。参加硕士学位英语水平考试的硕士研究生，必须登录 云南农业大学研究生教务管理系统进行网上报名。学生登录研究生教务 管理系统， 点击“学期选课”→“选课申请”→“公共课选课”→“学位英语考试” →“选定”完成报名。网上报名时间为2016年4月23日—5月12日。 2. 请各学院研究生教学秘书通知本院所有未通过硕士学位英语水

平考试的研究生，务必在规定时间报名，逾期教务系统关闭不再受理补报。 四、学位英语免考 1．按照《云南农业大学关于印发研究生第一外语课程学习规定的通知》（校政发［2008］16号），大学英语六级考试成绩达425分及其以上，或研究生招生入学考试成绩在70分以上，可申请免考学位英语水平考试。 2．已提交过学位英语免考申请且获得免考资格的同学不需在网上报名，未提供英语六级证书原件的同学请尽快持证书原件和复印件到培养科审核，否则不予登记成绩。 3．已通过英语六级考试但未办理过学位英语免考手续的同学填写《云南农业大学第一外语免修申请》，于2016年5月12日前持证书原件和复印件到培养科办理免考手续，不需在网上报名。 五、考试地点另行通知。 云南农业大学研究生处 2016年4月19日

学科教学英语全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生

学科教学英语全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生

学科教学（英语)全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生 培养方案（2017年修订） 专业代码：(045108) 一、培养目标 培养高素质的基础教育学校和中等职业技术学校英语专任教师。具体要求为：1．热爱祖国，拥护中国共产党领导。热爱教育事业，教书育人，为人师表，积极进取，勇于创新。 2．掌握现代教育理论,具有良好的知识结构和扎实的专业基础，了解英语学科前沿和发展趋势。 3．具有较强的实践能力，胜任并创造性地开展教育教学工作。 4．具有发现和解决问题、终身学习与发展的意识与能力。 5．能较为熟练地运用一种外国语阅读本专业的外文文献资料。 二、招生对象 具有国民教育序列大学本科学历(或本科同等学力)人员。 三、学习年限 学习年限一般为2年。 四、课程设置 课程分为学位基础课、专业必修课、专业选修课和实践教学。总学分不少于38学分。 （一）学位基础课（12学分） 1.政治理论（含教师职业道德教育）（2学分） 2.教育原理（2学分） 3.课程与教学论（2学分） 4.汉语言文学基础（2学分） 5.心理发展与教育（2学分） 6.教育研究方法（2学分） （二）专业必修课（12学分）

1.英语课程与教材研究（2学分） 2.英语教学设计与实施（2学分） 3.外语教育心理学（2学分） 4.教育统计学（2学分） 5.英语教师行动研究与论文写作（2学分） 6.英语语音实践(2学分) （三）专业选修课（6学分） 1.专业理论知识类课程 （1）认知语言学与英语教学(2学分) （2）英语教师发展研究（2学分） （3）语用学与英语教学（2学分） （4）西方文化概况（2学分） （5）翻译理论与实践（2学分） （6）二语习得研究与英语教学(2学分) 2.教学专业技能类课程 （1）现代教育技术（2学分） （2）英语教师口语（2学分） （3）英语写作与教学（2学分） （4）英语阅读与教学（2学分） （5）语言测试学（2学分） （6）高级英语写作（2学分） 3.教育教学管理类课程 （1）英语教学专题研究（2学分） （2）教育政策与法规（1学分） （3）中外教育简史（2学分） （四）实践教学（8学分） 1.校内实训（2学分）：包括教学技能训练、微格教学、课例分析等。 校内实训阶段，安排在第2学期进行，校内4周。 每位研究生备课教案和课堂教学各不少于2节，听课不少于10学时，且应作好听

2017年研究生英语学位课统考真题

2017年研究生英语学位课统考真题 Part II. Vocabulary ( 10minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5point each) 21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovation, the incentive for path-breaking innovation will eventually dry up. A investment B resource C inspiration D stimulus 22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions. A bewildering B exasperating C dismaying D upsetting. 23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography. A all at once B by and by C to some extent D on the whole 24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about the consequences. A optimistic B anxious C uncertain D scared. 25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents’ wishes. A enhanced B revised C alternated D modified 26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery. A arisen from B contributed to C patched up D participated in 27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurors prevailed. A resigned B compromised C persisted D dominated 28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jefferson contended that the country should remain chiefly agricultural. A inclined B struggled C argued D competed. 29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company. A on occasion B at present C by now D for sure 30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifying victims’families. A briefly B quickly C accurately D earnestly Section B (0.5point each) 31. New York probably has the largest number of different language ___in the world. A neighborhoods B communities C clusters D assemblies 32. Nuclear waste are considered to ___ a threat to human health and marine life. A compose B impose C expose D pose 33. Some states in the US have set ___ standards concerning math and science. A energetic B vigorous C rigorous D grave 34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___. A presentation B instruction C conviction D obligation 35. Because of ___ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along with each other. A incomprehensible B incomparable C inconceivable D incompatible 36. As ___China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum. A in the light of B in the event of C in the case of D in the course of 37. According to an Australian research , moderate drinkers ___ better thinkers than heavy drinkers or those who never drink.

1专业学位硕士研究生英语教程 -翻译答案合计-Unit2-Unit5

Unit 2 Translation Put the following paragraphs into Chinese. When a woman is stressed she instinctively feels a need to talk about her feelings and all the possible problems that are associated with her feelings. When she begins talking she does not prioritize the significance of any problem. If she is upset, then she is upset about it all, (no mater it is) big and small. She is not immediately concerned with finding solutions to her problems but rather seeks relief by expressing herself and being understood. By randomly talking about her problems, she becomes less upset. 参考译文：女人有压力时，会直觉地需要找人谈自己的感受以及所有可能与之相关的问题。她一旦开始谈论，就不会顾虑到问题的优先顺序。而她一难过，不论大大小小的事都让她沮丧不已。她并不急于马上寻求解答，而宁可通过倾诉自我，获得理解来取得纾解。通过随意倾诉自己的问题，她会感觉好受一点。 Exercise Turn the following sentences into Chinese. 1. The improbable (pregnant) pregnancy was (some/ a pieces of) big news for the woman's family. 2. In reality, I am a great (admire) admirer of Maya. 3. Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn. 4. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious. 5. That day he was up before sunrise (sunrise: n./ vi.<-> sunset: n./ vi.). 参考译文： 1. 她竟然能怀孕，对她的家庭来说可是一条特大消息。 2. 事实上我对玛雅人佩服得五体投地。 3. 卡列斯尔大街往西伸展，越过一座黑色的大桥，爬下山岗又爬了上去，经过许多小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，然后突然冲着一大片绿色草地中止了。 4. 她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是一个暗示。但是我必须小心谨慎。 5. 那天他在日出以前就起来了Unit 3 Part II Translation Put the following paragraphs into Chinese. Paris is enrolled in a "dual immersion" program at the Glenwood Elementary School here in which the pupils-half native Chinese, half English speakers—do their lessons in two languages. The program is indicative of one of the fastest-growing curriculum trends in U.S. schools: the study of Chinese. "Americans are used to hearing about people in other countries learning English. Now we're seeing the opposite trend," said Michael Levine, executive director of the Asia Society, which promotes international content in U.S. schools. "Parents and students are deciding that, since more people speak Mandarin than any other language, it might be a useful skill to have." 参考译文： 帕里斯参加了格兰乌德小学的“双语浸入式”项目，这个项目里的学生有一半的母语是汉语，有一半是英语，他们用两种语言上课。从这个项目可以看出美国学校里发展最迅速的一门课程：汉语学习。 “美国人习惯听到西他国家的人学习英语，现在我们看到了相反的趋势。”亚洲协会的执行会长迈克尔. 莱温说，该组织在美国学校里推行国际教学内容，“父母和学生们认为既然说汉语的人比任何其它语言多，那掌握汉语可能是一项有用的技能。” Exercise Turn the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Robin Hood (罗宾汉) often looted (robbed) the rich and helped the poor. 2. Ice (->icy) is not as dense (密度高的) as water and it therefore floats. 3. They have not done so well (idea->ideology->) ideologically (意识形态方面, 缺少新意), however, as (organ-> organize-> organization-> organizational) organizationally (组织方面). 4. It was a clear and unemotional (objective<->subjective) （expose->be exposed to sth.接触）exposition (说明) of the President's reasons for willing (愿意) to begin a

研究生学位(中英文对照)

授予博士、硕士学位和培养研究生的学科、专业目录（中英文对照） (资料来源:国务院学位委员会办公室、教育部研究生工作办公室编.授予博士硕士学位和培养研究生的 学科专业简介.北京:高等教育出版社，1999年.) 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 01 哲学 Philosophy 0101 哲学 Philosophy 010101 马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism 010102 中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy 010103 外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies 010104 逻辑学 Logic 010105 伦理学 Ethics 010106 美学 Aesthetics 010107 宗教学 Science of Religion 010108 科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology 02 经济学 Economics 0201 理论经济学 Theoretical Economics 020101 政治经济学 Political Economy 020102 经济思想史 History of Economic Thought 020103 经济史 History of Economic 020104 西方经济学 Western Economics 020105 世界经济 World Economics 020106 人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 0202 应用经济学 Applied Economics 020201 国民经济学 National Economics 020202 区域经济学 Regional Economics 020203 财政学（含税收学） Public Finance (including Taxation) 020204 金融学（含保险学） Finance (including Insurance)

专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit9词汇及课后答案

Unit Nine Parenting Word Bank (academy->Police Academy) academic: adj. of a school, especially of higher learning; of scholarly (scholarship奖学金，助学金) performance学校的，学院的，学术的 affirm: v. to assert; confirm断言，证实，承认 (aggress->aggressor =invader) aggression (aggressive): n. the act of initiating (hostile->) hostilities or invasion侵犯，侵略，挑衅 (anthropology->) anthropologist: n. the scholar who studies the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings人类学家complement: v. to make sth. Complete补充，补足 complementary: adj. completing; supplying mutual needs补充的，补足的 consequence: n. effect; the result to its cause结果，因果关系的 deprive (sb. of sth.): v. to take sth. away from拿走，抢夺 directive: adj. straightforward; serving to direct (->director导演)直接的，指导的(obey->obedient->obedience<->disobey->disobedient) disobedience: n. refusal or failure to obey不服从，不顺从，违抗 distinct: different; clear不同的，明显的 (diverse->) diversity: n. (vary->) variety or multiformity 变化，多样性 enforce(->reinforce): to compel obedience to强制服从或遵守 (exploit->) exploitation: n. the act of employing to the greatest possible advantage 开发，开采，剥削 (expose to->) exposure: n. the act of exposing; influence暴露，受影响 facilitate (=help->facility设备设施): v. to make easy or easier使容易，使便利groom: v. to care for the appearance of; to make neat （tidy）and trim(vt./adj.)使整洁，打扮 hygiene: n. (=sanity) the promotion and preservation of health 卫生 interaction: n. the act or process of interacting相互作用 (intimate->) intimacy: n. the condition of being close in relation亲密 (muscle肌肉->masculine男性的->) masculinity: n. the quality and characteristic of a male男子气，阳刚气 modify: v. to change; to alter变更，修改 monster: n. an imaginary or legendary creature怪物 nurture: v. to nourish, to feed; to educate, to train给…营养，喂养，培养 (object->objective<->subjective) objectivity: n. the state of being objective 客观，客观性 (orient东方的) oriented: adj. directed导向性的 predatory: adj. living by preying on other organisms掠夺的，肉食的 (relate A to B->relation->) relational: adj. of kinship亲属关系的 roughhouse: v. to engage in rowdy behavior or play打闹，殴斗 sheer: adj. complete; absolute; pure 绝对的，完全的，纯粹的 sternly: adv. harshly; severely严厉地，严格地 (sym-=same; pathy=feeling)sympathy(sympathize with sb.): n. sharing the