虚拟语气

虚拟语气与句式语法、经典句型、关键连词用法

虚拟语气：

用来表示说话人主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。所以虚拟语气经常以条件句出现，无论该条件是真实的还是非真实的，仅仅用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想。

具体法则上，真实条件句下，条件从句用现代时，主句表示用虚拟语气[will,sh1all+vt]; 如果主句表示的是真理，用一般现在时。

非真实条件句下，条件从句用过去式或过去完成时【表示假设不存在情况】——同现在事实相反或同过去事实相反，主句对应使用[should.would + vt] or [should,would+ have done] ；表示对将来的遐想，条件句过去时，或使用were to do or should do; 主句使用would+do;

特殊词should 的用法：

1），it is demande2d / neces3sary / a4pity + that 从句should 可省略

2），在宾语从句中，demand，suggest，order,insist等均可使用，表示决心，意图，命令

特殊词wish用法，用来表示与现在、过去事实相反，所以其具体句式与条件句的主句完全相同。

特殊词汇组合if only ……表示如果什么样就好了，表示一种虚拟语气，注意它与条件句的条件从句句法相同；only if, 表示只有，I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了就好了。

特别用词【抽象词；重点副词】与重点连词

Outweigh vt 超过；

Through 与via 前者，主要是[动作如走过，跑过]穿越go straight through the red light/the woods, 就是对障碍物的穿越；后者，则是表示经过某地最终抵达哪儿，he finally return home via America and new Zealand. ——专用词汇；另外衍生到使用/借助什么工具达到目的，you can visit/access our homepage via internet.

Preferable adj 更具优势的，更值得拥有的本身就是形容词比较级，

Virtual 虚拟的

Chronic [坏现象]长期存在的

leisure times and disposable incomes

arguably lead to an increase in the number of people travelling.

1Shall 用法；①shall 第一人称表示将来做什么，与will类似；②在问句中用第一人称的单复数I/WE表示，要不要，好不好？；③用在陈述句中第二、三人称如you,he,they，表示下命令或说话人的意图、决心、警告；④.(用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,一般用于第三人称)应,必须，iinruders shall be punished.

2Suggested/ordered/proposed/required/requested/insisted

3Important,necessary,nature,strange

4A pity, a shame, no wander

Relatively adv 相对地；relative 相对的；

Possibly 可能地；impossibly 不可能地

Wellbeing n, good condition. 泛指一种良好的个人状态或社会状态

Reality 反ideal现实与理想；unrealistic 不现实的；双重否定用法。It’s not unrealistic

Circumstances处境；insecurity不安全感；misery让人心酸，感到悲惨的事情；

Mechanism运作机制；incidence坏事的发生几率[rate] exposure uncountable noun接触[不良内容pornography;violence; electric games;] policy/strategy 策略[政府治理]；

Affordability 支付能力= ability to pay.

Fulfi l vt 实现，满足fulfils sb’s potential/dreams

reflect 反映，体现。客观上

Reward n/vt 回报；award n奖金/vt 授予，给予

Justify vt 证实……的合理性

句式句法使用与经典句型

一个好句子，在主谓宾、主系表、强调句结构后，特别需要定语与状语的修饰，所以准确地使用状语和定语是特别需要练习和感知。所以在收集和使用中感知定语与状语，感知句子的六种主句与从句关系。

至于补语，注意在动词的选择上有find，make, ren5der[cause sb,sth to be in a negative conditions]

至于同位语，可以是对主语的具体解释或补充，如人名补充，职务补充，定义补充等等重点连词六种主句与从句关系，对应的经典连词

1），因果关系as/since/because+ 原因从句; consequently 副词，须用逗号隔开/th6erefore/7hence 两者用法没有区别，重点在两者可以直接在并列句中使用; as a result of~; due to, owing to, because of + n;

2），举例用法for example/instance; such as; this point can be illustrated with the example of ~; sth is a case in point,或者A case in point is that 从句。

3），对比关系句中对比，while, whereas; 句子间对比：in cont8rast/by contrast ; in contrast to/ compared with/to [与……比较；to 比作]

4），让步关系even though,although; in spite of/ despite; even if 从句—表示设想没有发生的某种状况。即使；nevertheless,nonetheless 后面跟句子；或者如however一样，在句子中作插入语。；as long as 引导让步从句

5），假设关系if 从句；provided that+ 从句，希望看到的；given the chance/choice 固定搭配，表示如果；虚拟语气使用；otherwise否则，后跟句子。ind9eed

6），修饰关系which 从句；强调关系从句，it is ~ that +从句

5Render vt 表现~ his smiles perfectly 完美展现其笑容；翻译~ the book into A from B.

6Therefore 另一个用法：thus; hence: used to mark an inference on the speaker's part：those people have their umbrellas up: therefore, it must be raining

7they heard the warning on the radio and therefore took another route

8Thousands of individuals, in contrast, trade in commodity future as speculators.

it was cold yestoday, but in contrast it is hot today.

9You use indeed to introduce a further comment or statement which strengthens the point you have already made.

We have nothing against diversity; indeed, we want more of it...

Such a scene of idolatry is rather a danger in the present-day society. Indeed, some may even spare no efforts to show their love for their so-called heroes, following blindly the exampke of film stars, …

Not restricted to 不仅限于；regardless of 不管……n,vt+ing,从句；In terms of 就……而言；

For its own sake; on behalf of ,for the sake of; 为谁利益而做什么On the one hand; on the other hand 对比关系

Rather than……而不是可跟短语

虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.

Wish and if only 引导的虚拟语气区别

if only强调所希望的状态并不存在，而wish则表示某事有可能发生。 一、wish用法说明 动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。 要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时（be 动词一律用were）；表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或 would/could+had +过去分词； 表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，从句谓语用 would/could/should/might＋动词原形。 I wish I were not so busy.但愿我不那样忙碌。 I wish I were [was] better looking.要是我长得漂亮些就好了。 She wished she had stayed at home.她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了。 I wish you would go with us tomorrow.要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。 I wish you wouldn’t look down on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。 This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make.这只表坏了，我真愿意我买的是好一点的牌子。 I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.我希望你不再抽烟了。 I wish you would be more respectful to your father.我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些。 I wish I could be of some use.我希望我能有什么用处。 二、if only 1.在if only这个短语中，only只是加强if的语气的，不仅能表达说话人的愿望，而且能表达条件。

虚拟语气2

虚拟语气 1．虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 e.g. He would be alive today if the doctor had come sooner last night. If it were not for… / If it had not been for… = but for 3) 特殊结构的条件句but for without (with no) e.g. If it were not for his, help, I could never go to college. e.g. But for air and water, nothing could live. e.g. Without electricity, there would be no modern industry. 4) 条件句的省略 a.省if，用倒装，限于谓动为were, had, should e.g. Were I you, is shouldn’t so it like that. Had you not helped me, I should have failed. 如果没有你的帮助我就失败了。 b.省主句的虚拟结构（表愿望） e.g. If only I could help you! 如果我能帮助你就好了。 If only I had more money! 要是我有更多的钱就好了。 If only you had not told him what I said! 要是你没有把我的话告诉他就好了。 2. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用 1）It is + adj. + that …+ (should) v.: 表愿望，要求，建议等 necessary, important, essential, imperative, natural, impossible, strange, vital, obligatory, resolved, desirable, advisable, preferable, urgent, etc. e.g. It is strange that she (should) have left with the light still on. 2) It is + p.p. + that…+ (should) v.: 表愿望，要求，建议等 suggested, required, demanded, urged, ordered, desired, advised requested, urged, proposed, recommended, etc. e.g. it is suggested that the automobile be oiled every day. 3) It is (high / about) time + (that)…+ 一般过去式（be →were） e.g. It is high time that we were off to London. 3. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用 1) suggest, require, order, demand, propose, advise, insist, maintain, recommend, urge, prefer, request, command, desire, ask, object, direct, pray, propose等后的宾从宾从谓动(should) v. 2) wish后的宾从 a. 表无能为力的过去愿望 sb. wish + (that)…+ had ved. / could (would, might) have ved.

虚拟语气用法详解 (1)

虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1.条件句中虚拟语气的形式 条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气) 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 注：几点特别说明 ①主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是：wo uld表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：If you tried again you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果) If you tried again you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能) If you tried again you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力) ②条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在If I were you这样的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。 ③有时条件从句用would表示愿意： If he would live on with me, I would be his better half. 要是他还愿意跟我过，我仍会做他的妻子。

高中英语 第二册 语法总结 虚拟语气

新概念英语第二册语法总结：虚拟语气 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握： 1、虚拟条件句。 2、名词性虚拟语气。 3、虚拟语气的其他用语。 一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为： If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋动词原形，如： If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为： If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为： If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)＋do，主语＋should(could...)＋原形do，如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry. 注意问题： 1、If条件句中绝对不可出现"would"。 2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

虚拟语气(二)

一、概念 中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。 二、语法结构 1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况） 与..事实相反If从句主句 过去Had done Would* have done 现在Were/did Would* do 将来Should do/were/were to do Would* do 例句：If there hadn’t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去] If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在] If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来] 备注： （1）上表中’*’，would都可转换为should、could、might。 （2) 如果为时间错综句的话，左右两栏可互相搭配，排列组合。 例句： He would still be alive today if he hadn’t taken that drug. [与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反] (3) if可转换为其他形式 例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去] （=>可转换为：If there hadn’t been your advice, we …） Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来] (=> 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.) I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去] (=> 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..) 2、wish结构 与..事实相反 过去Had done 现在Were/did

虚拟语气教案 (2)

Subjunctive mood 一. Teaching aims: 1、Knowledge and ability 1）. Know what the subjunctive mood refers to 2）. Know the different forms of the subjunctive mood 3）. Master the structure of the subjunctive mood about “if …” and the structures of the different forms of the subjunctive mood. 4）. Do some exercises about the grammar and flexible to use it in specific language environment. 2、Process and method goals : Combine guidance of teachers and student self-learning；combine to grammar explanations and grammar exercises enable students to master the subjunctive mood in use. 3、Emotional attitudes and values objectives： To develop students' independent learning and the exploring ability, increase their awareness of cooperation, to improve students' language skills and the ability to express their views. 二、teaching difficult point Can use this rules of grammar to complete various training exercises and use in the actual language. 三.、Teaching important points 1) The subjunctive mood is often found in a clause be ginning with the word “if”. 2) Get students to learn the proper forms of verbs in subjunctive mood. 四、Teaching methods： 1) Multi-media teaching 2) Cooperative learning-for example: group discussion 3）Inductive method 五、Teaching aids：PPT，video

虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别

虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别 You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. （错综时间条件从句） You would have been much better now if you had taken my advice.(虚拟） 假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了 在表示虚拟语气的句子中，条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间来调整，这种现象叫做错综时间虚拟语气。You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，现在就会好多了。（从句过去，主句现在）would have been 是与过去事实相反的非真实条件句 一般来说虚拟语气中的混合时态的句子都有具体的时间词来进行提示的，比如 说： If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would get more gifts now. 如果我们早点来商场的话（过去的时间虚拟），我们现在就可以拿更多的礼物了 （现在的虚拟）。 这是两个不同时间的虚拟语气，有相应的时间词来提示的，now来提示后句的时 间是现在而不是和前面一样的过去。 If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would have got more gifts. 如果我们早点来商场的话，我们就会拿到更多的礼物了。（已经拿了礼物了，但是实际上过去拿的时候没有拿到那么多） 如果从句和主句都表示过去的，那从句用had done,主句用 would ,could,might,should+have done 如：If you had taken my advice,you would not have been late for the meeting yesterday.如果从句表示过去的，但主句表示现在的，从句用had done,主句用would ,could,might,should+do,如：If you had taken my advice,you would not be late for the meeting now.这种一般都有个时间，如果没有表示时间的词也可以从上下文看出。 虚拟语气的用法错误。

虚拟语气用法归纳 (2)

虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对

关于虚拟语气的知识点整理

关于虚拟语气的知识点整理 虚拟语气的重点是： 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。 上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。 下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。 一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 （4）I t’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。 （5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

虚拟语气用法归纳

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英语虚拟语气总结(一)

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虚拟语气(2)

虚拟语气(2) 虚拟语气是用来表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的情况。主要是通过动词的变化来体现的。 ▲在某些主语从句和条件状语从句中虚拟的用法 在It is important, impossible, strange, vital 至关重要的, natural, essential必需的；基本的, desirable值得要的, preferable更好的, advisable可取的, appropriate适当的, surprising, sad,urgent, suggested, necessary, requested, ordered,+that…句型中，主语从句在英国英语中用should +原形动词。在美国英语中省略should直接用原形。 在for fear that（以防……起见）引导的条件句中用法同上。 在unless, when, so(as) long as，suppose, in case, on condition lest(以免)引导的条件状语从句中也可用虚拟语气，用法同上。 ●It is necessary that he（should）come on time to attend the meeting. 他按时来出席会议是必要的。 ●It is natural that he（should）love Merry. 他爱玛丽是很自然的事。 ●He took an umbrella for fear that it (should) rain. 他带了一把伞，以防天下雨。

●As long a s my wife (should) get ready, we will go. 只要我太太准备好了，我们就去。 ▲在suggest, propose, demand, inquire, request, desire想望, 期望, insist, order, advise, agree等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的宾语从句中。英国英语用should +原形动词，美国英语省略“should”用原形动词 ●He insisted that we（should）get there on time. 他坚持我们要按时到那。 ●The dean proposed that the question（should）not be discussed at once. 系主任提议这个问题不要马上讨论。 ▲在think, expect, believe, 是否定形式时，宾语从句可用虚拟语气：should +动词原形，should不可省。 ●She said she never expected I should lend money to her. ▲suggestion, proposal, request, advice, order, command等表示建议、命令、要求等的名词后面的表语从句中，用should+动词原形，表示虚拟，should常常省略。 The general’s command was that the soldiers (should) leave their fort and carry out more important tasks. ▲were (was) to 有时在虚拟条件句中用were (was)表示试探的口气。 ●If you were (was) to do something like that I would not

虚拟语气1

虚拟语气1 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus. A．go B．goes C．going D．to go 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。 考查谓语动词。A. go 去；B. goes 去；C. going 在去；D. to go 为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句，suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气（should）do结构，should可省略。故选A。 3．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? – If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once. A．am B．were C．was 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析: 句意：昨晚我不停地咳嗽，我应该怎么办？哪果我是你，我就会马上去看医生。此句为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”，故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。

虚拟语气

虚拟语气 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. If I __________ (be) you, I should study English. 2. If he __________ (have) time, he would attend the meeting. 3. If you __________ (take) my advice, you __________ (not fail ) in the examination. 4. If you __________ (come) tomorrow，we __________ (have) the meeting. 5. If it __________ (be) to rain tomorrow, the meeting __________ (be) put off. 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. If I __________ (take) your advice, I would be all right now. 2. If Lily __________ (lose) her necklace last night, she __________ (not be) so upset now. 3. If it __________ (be) not for the new society, I __________ (be) dead. without…; but for…; if not for …; in the absence of… 翻译句子 1. 要是没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得这么大的进步。 2. 要是没有那位年轻人，那孩子就没救了。 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. Given more time I __________ (do) it better. 2. I was ill that day. Otherwise I __________ (attend) the meeting. 3. He __________ (give) you more help, but he has been so busy. 4. I would have written you before, but I __________ (be) ill. 5. I __________ (write) to you, but I don’t know your address. 6. I __________ (run) all the way, or I __________ ( be) late for the meeting. 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. __________(be) I a bird, I would fly to the sky. 2. Had I known your address, I __________ (write) to you last month. 翻译句子 1. If only I had listened to my parents. 2. If only we knew where to look for him. 用if only和only if填空 1. I wake up __________ the alarm clock rings. 2. __________ the alarm clock had rung. （二）虚拟语气用在As if/though；even if/though引导的状语从句中 1. Alan talked about Rome as if he __________ (be) a Roman． 2. He speaks English so fluently as if he __________ (study) English in England. 3. Even if he __________ (be) here, he could not solve the problem. 4. He talks about pyramids as though he __________ (see) them himself . （三）虚拟语气用在目的状语从句中 1. He was punished lest he __________ (make) the same mistake again． 2. I will not make a noise for fear that I __________ (disturb) him. 3. I have come all the way here in order that you __________ (understand) me. 4. He put his coat over his son in case he __________ (catch) cold. 一、用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. --It rained cats and dogs this morn ing. I’m glad we took an umbrella. --Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we __________ (have). 2.If he __________ (work) hard in the past five years, things wouldn't be going so smoothly. 3. --Do you think George has passed the driving test? --No. If so, he __________ (drive) his car to our college yesterday. 4. The children __________ (be) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. 5. I __________ (come) to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available. 6. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he __________ (be) able to speak it much better now. 7. He talks about pyramids as though he __________ (see) them himself. 8. Ask him to ring me up if you __________ (see) him. 9. If we __________ (interrupt) yesterday, we would have finished the work. 10.__________ I been given the opportunity, I would not have missed it. 二、用在名词性从句中 （一）用于主语从句中 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. It is necessary that we __________ (attend) the meeting tomorrow. 2. It was required that each student ___________ (bring) enough food on the trip. 3. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that you __________ (be) so careless. 4. It is a strange that he __________ (come). （二）用于宾语从句中 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. The manager would rather his daughter __________ (work) in the same office． 2. The boss would rather Tom __________ (leave) tomorrow. 3. The boss would rather Tom __________ (leave) yesterday. 用所给的动词适当形式填空 1. I would rather__________ ( stay) at home today． 2. I would rather __________ (not tell) him the bad news, he is so sad now. 3. I would rather you __________ ( not tell) him the bad news now. 4. I would rather you __________ (not tell) him the bad news last night. 5. Who would you rather __________ (go) with you? 6. Who would you rather have __________ (go) with you?