考研英语写作常用表达同义替换

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1. 动词（词组）：

absorb－>assimilate 吸收

agree partly－>agree with reserve 有保留地赞同

arouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励

change－>alter 改变

consider－>take into account 考虑

devote to－>dedicate to 把……奉献于；专注于

emphasize－>accentuate 强调

expect－>anticipate 期望；预期

explain－>interpret/illustrate 解释；说明

get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱

hand in－>render 提出

join－>participate 参加；参与

lead to－>contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生……的结果limit－>stress/hinder/hamper 限制；阻止；阻碍

operate－>manipulate 操作；操纵

provide－>lend－>offer 提供；给予

publicize－>propagandize 宣传；公布

繁荣（的）（词性不同，注意使用正确形式）

sway－>vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆

think－>contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive－>palmy(a.)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.)

undermine－>sap/enervate/debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭

use－>employ/utilize 使用；利用

want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于

want to－>desire 想要

2. 形容词/副词：

first－>primarily 首先（ad.）

hardly－>merely－>barely 几乎不（ad.）

hurt－>vulnerable 受伤的；易受攻击的

inevitable－indispensable 必然的；不可缺少的

in fact－>actually/virtually 事实上；实际上（ad.）

key－>crucial/vital/consequential 关键的；重要的

large－>miraculous/marvelous 大的；不可思议的（表程度）

maybe－>probably 也许；大概（ad.）

more and more－>increasing/growing 越来越多的

obvious－>conspicuous 明显的；显著的

old－>ancient 老的；古老的

proper－>apposite 适当的；合适的

persuasive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力的

true－>accurate 正确的；准确的

vague－>gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊的

well-known－>outstanding 著名的

3. 名词（词组）：

bias－>prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视

big city－>metropolis 大都市

chance－>alternative 机会；选择

character－>trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/personality 品质；特性；个性child－>juvenile 孩子；青少年

clash－>conflict/collision/rencounter 冲突

custom－>convention/tradition 传统；习俗

delegate－>representative 代表

detail－>specific 细节

lawmaking－>legislation 立法

offspring－>descendant 后代；子孙

value－>merit 价值

4. 其他：

although－>albeit/notwithstanding 尽管（conj.）because－>in that－>since－>seeing 因为（conj.）but－>nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是（conj.）through－>in term of/via 通过（prep.）

to sum－>to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后

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第一讲 引发激烈讨论，热门话题，激烈争论，广泛关注 heated, hot, long-running, controversial, hotly-debated a matter of (global )concern, (burning, pressing, thorny)issue, controversy, subject, focus, topic. be put on the agenda trigger, spark, arouse intense, fierce, contentious/ debate, discussion, argument arouse people’s wide concern/ / wide public concern/curiosity/attention, make people worried become public focus/ the focus of the society more and more people---an increasing number of people more and more useful---increasingly useful 人---事物 More and more people waste ---The growing rate of waste have people calling it an epidemic a lot of ---a considerable number of/ massive/ different people have different ideas towards it----people’s ideas towards it differ from one to another. ., views on this issue vary greatly. try to—attempt to, intend to think – argue, claim , deem , insist if – provided that, assuming that, supposing that 一写作常用关键词句： 1．认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part 2．许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的 3．如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades 4．越来越：increasing, growing 5．重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在 6．关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give p riority to, lay emphasis/stress on

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11. Luckily, no one was hurt fortunately 12. I often see him frequently 13. We still haven’t worked out how much it's all going to cost calculate 14. The journey took about seven hours approximately 15. I'm afraid he's not here at the moment. Can I take a message absent 16. They offered me the job and I took it accept 17. She’s trying to find somewhere to live accommodation 18. Do you want me to go with you to the station? accompany 19. Everyone was clapping and cheering applaud 20. The same problems come up every time arise 21. I didn't go to the parents meeting attend 22. They hid under the table

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13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold=maintain=consider=take for=agree认为 15. oppose=object to=be against=disagree 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned=in the eyes of 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=in my point of view=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develop(s)=with the development of...=with the progress of…=as…advances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副词） 21. in addition=besides=furthermore=moreover=apart from=in spite of= Despite=what’s more 此外（提出新信息） 22. because=as=for=since 因为（加句子） 23. because of=due to=owing to=thanks to =attribute to 因为（加名词）

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形容词 合适的: suitable/ advisable/ sound/ temperate/ rational/ preferable/ reliable/ fitting/ modest/ moderate 精致的: elegant/ delicate/ elaborate/subtle 美好的: gorgeous/ glorious/ splendid/ admirable/ breathtaking/ impressive/ spectacular/ superb 杰出的: outstanding/ distinguished/ eminent/ excellent/ supreme/ extraordinary/ prominent/ matchless/ foremost 著名的: famous/ illustrious/ celebrated/ notable 聪明的: intelligent/ wise/ ingenious/ sensible/ smart/ clever/ knowledgeable/ capable 大的: immense/ huge/ spacious/ prodigious/ massive/ enormous/ vast/ tremendous/ expansive 小的: slight/ tiny/ microscopic/ small/ diminutive/ minuscule 重要的: important/ significant/ concernful/ pivotal/ superb/ momentous/ vital/ primary/ essential/ principal/ leading/ major/ dominant/ predominant/ fateful 最好的: optimum/ premium 基本的: underlying/ elementary/ fundamental/ essential/ cardinal 不足的: insufficient/ scanty/ meager/ needy/ poor/ scarce/ devoid/ empty/ lacking 充足的: fraught/ sufficient/ enough/ adequate/ abundant 过多的: excessive/ redundant/ overabundant/ inordinate 特殊的: unique/ matchless/ unrivaled/ extraordinary / special 奇怪的: odd/ bizarre/ quaint/ weird/ queer 相似的: similar/ approximate/ proximate/ homogeneous/ identical/ equal/ equivalent/ coordinate. 无效的: null/ invalid/ void 有效的: valid/ acceptable/ effective/ resultful/ efficient/ competent 高兴的: delightful/ happy/ hilarious/ exultant/ gleeful/ joyous/ exalted/ blessed/ pleasing/ amusing成就, 成功: success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments 失败: failure/ be defeated/ a case of crabs 观点: point of view/ standpoint/ viewpoint/ frame of reference/ theory 财产: treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth 好处: advantage/ behoof/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead 优点: excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue 缺点: bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect/downside 发展: development/ evolution/ progress/ grow 普及: popularization/ prevalence. 出现: emergence 情况: circumstance/ condition 原因: causation/ cause/ matter/ reason 影响: infection/ influence/ impact 提供: provide/ supply/ furnish/ give/ render/ accommodate 思考: consider/ speculate/ ponder/ think

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◆工作就业类 job-oriented training 职业培训 professional training 岗位培训 reemployment project 再就业工程 noble career 崇高职业 white-collar workers 白领工人 job-hopping 跳槽 probationary period 试用期 trial period 试用期 talent flow and dual-way selection 人才流动和双向选择freelance profession 自由职业 money worship 拜金主义 achieve fame and wealth 获得名利 bring one’s potentialities into full play充分发挥个人的潜力spirit of doing solid work 实干精神 excel in one’s work 工作出色 social and personal esteem社会和个人的尊重 a bread and butter issue 生计问题 living subsidy 生活补助 talent exchange 人才交流

cultivate talents 培养人才 brain drain 人才外流 optimize industrial structure 优化产业结构 cut off the overstaffed offices 精简人员 improve the comprehensive quality提高综合素质 tackle the problem of labor force employment解决劳动就业问题disadvantaged groups弱势群体 Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。 transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region西电东送 urban social security system城镇社会保障体系 subsistence allowances for laid-off workers下岗职工基本生活费 basic pensions for retirees离退休人员基本养老金 industries and enterprises in dire straits特困行业和企业 pilot project试点项目 health care reform医疗改革 surplus rural workers农村剩余劳动力 annual state budget年度国家预算 expand domestic demand and consumption扩大内需，刺激消费 bread-and-butter issue生计问题 township enterprises乡镇企业 break the iron rice bowl；abolish the system of lifetime employment打破铁饭碗

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