2018南通海门市一模英语
2018届高三第一次教学质量调研
英语试卷
（考试时间：120分钟满分：120分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When does the library open?
A. 8:10.
B. 8:20.
C. 8:40.
2. What is the man going to do during the National Holiday?
A. Go camping.
B. Visit his grandparents.
C. Visit his friends in London.
3. What is the man doing?
A. Arguing.
B. Apologizing.
C. Complaining.
4. Why did the woman call?
A. To pass on some information of the party.
B. To ask whether Bill can come to the party.
C. To ask to borrow some CDs to the party.
5.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Boss and Secretary.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Customer and waitress.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers？
A. In a store.
B. In a factory.
C. In a repair shop.
7. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The remote doesn't work because the man forgot to put batteries in it.
B. There are several problems with the DVD player bought by the man.
C. There is a problem with all the models made by this brand of the DVD player.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What have the two speakers just finished doing?
A. Moving into a new place.
B. Buying some furniture.
C. Renting a house.
9. How do the speakers feel?
A. Comfortable.
B. Hopeful.
C. Relieved.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did Chinese people prefer to do to their beloved in the past?
A. Speak out love.
B. Send something.
C. Sing in front.
11．What is the people's attitude to speaking out love to their beloved?
A. Embarrassed.
B. Surprised.
C. Disappointed.
12. What is influencing young people in modern China?
A. Confucian thoughts.
B. Eastern thoughts.
C. Western thoughts.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do we know about the man?
A. He is warm and helpful.
B. He wants to protect the Earth.
C. He spends 45 minutes to protect the Earth.
14. Which of these does the man suggest that the woman should do?
A. Recycle her shower water.
B. Take fewer showers every week.
C. Turn off the shower when she is not using water.
15. How does the woman react when asked to ride a bike to school?
A. She agrees.
B. She refuses.
C. She hesitates.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Boss and employee.
C. Neighbors.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many topics does the report cover?
A. 8.
B. 18.
C. 22.
18. What will China build up a system to promote by 2050？
A. Public security.
B. New energy industry.
C. Agriculture.
19. What will China further develop？
A. Technology.
B. Science.
C. Mineral resource.
20. What does CAS consist of?
A. 11 regional branches.
B. Over 100 institutes.
C. Both A and B.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. I tried to stay calm, but panic ________ and I made a dash for the emergency door.
A. took off
B. took over
C. caught on
D. caught up
22. ________ to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.
A. Having prepared
B. Prepare
C. Prepared
D. Being prepared
23. Supposing this ship ________, do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?
A. sink
B. has sunk
C. were to sink
D. sunk
24. Any other organs, organizations and individuals have no right to exercise such power, unless ________ provided by law.
A. otherwise
B. meanwhile
C. furthermore
D. instead
25.Deliberately push yourself out of your ________. Try things that you do not normally try.
A. appetite
B. inspection
C. routine
D. identity
26. It’s difficult to know ________ a child will maintain interest in an instrument, so buying a used one is a practical decision.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. whether
27. It is ________ from scientific studies that the drug has some fairly harmful side effects.
A. artificial
B. apparent
C. ambiguous
D. alternative
28. It was in London, the capital of the UK, ________ he met this famous professor, who greatly influenced his scientific career.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. When
29. Difficult as it is ________ the exact birthplace of football, it has indeed existed for more than one thousand years.
A. determine
B. to determine
C. determined
D. having determined
30. I try to ________ some practical teaching strategies on the basis of my own teaching practice and achievements.
A. put up
B. put on
C. put up with
D. put forward
31. —Hey, man, let’s go out and have fun tonight, if it suits your ________.
—Sounds great, but I have to work late at the laboratory.
A. conscience
B. adjustment
C. currency
D. convenience
32. The first thing teachers should take into consideration is to ________ students’ interest and stimulate their creativity.
A. urge
B. involve
C. excite
D. respond
33. —Linda looks upset today.
—________if your best friend misunderstood you.
A. You would so
B. So would you
C. So you would
D. Would you so
34. ________, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. The meaning of the new words clarified
B. Clarifying the meaning of the new words
C. When clarified the meaning of the new words
D. The teacher clarified the meaning of the new words
35. He complains about my mistakes but he’s always making errors himself; it’s a typical case of ________.
A. killing two birds with one stone
B. putting the cart before the horse
C. judging a book by its cover
D. the pot calling the kettle black
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a truck driver, Sharon Griffin was used to traveling long distances across the United States all by herself. But she decided that she wanted a 36 and began bringing along her lively gray cat named Freddy. Griffin and Freddy have been on many 37 together and visited several states, from Arkansas to California. One day, Freddy 38 got out of the truck at a rest stop in Chesapeake, Virginia.
Griffin recalls 39 her truck at the rest stop and finding Freddy had gone. “I 40 everywhere, all over the parking lot,”she said. 41, she knew she had to move on to stay on schedule, which 42 leaving Freddy behind. “Oh, it was horrible,” she said, “because he’s my baby!”
But Griffin wasn’t ready to 43 finding her cat. She and her daughter continued doing everything they could, trying to get Freddy 44, including seeking help from social media. Finally, in early June, Griffin received a(n) 45 from Jimmy Frost, a worker of Cat Rescue. As a former truck driver himself, Jimmy felt a personal connection to the story and 46 Griffin that he would help her find Freddy. “I never had any 47 that I’d find him,”said Jimmy, “and I don’t know where that 48 came from.”
Jimmy made his way to the rest stop. After 49 for a few hours, he finally caught a glimpse of Griffin’s four-legged escapee, who luckily hadn’t gone far. “I was just so 50 that he found him!” said Griffin.
Griffin, who was in Ohio at the time, drove back to Virginia to 51 Freddy. Her dispatcher(调度员) was 52 enough to rearrange her working schedule, 53 her to get her dear friend back as soon as possible. The two were finally reunited nearly three weeks after Freddy 54 , and now they’re ready to get back on the 55 together.
36. A. neighbor B. passenger C. guide D. companion
37. A. occasions B.exploitation C. adventures D. exhibitions
38. A. naturally B. accidentally C. carelessly D. angrily
39. A. working on B. returning to C. fixing up D. pulling down
40. A. rode B. drove C. ran D. looked
41. A. Unfortunately B. Gradually C. Strangely D. Certainly
42. A. considered B. meant C. risked D. started
43. A. get down to B. give up C. get off D. take up
44. A. back B. out C. down D. around
45. A. evidence B. packet C. fact D. message
46. A. persuaded B. warned C. promised D. advised
47. A. faith B. thought C. hesitation D. doubt 48. A. purpose B. intention C. courage D. feeling 49. A. waiting B. learning C. searching
D. traveling 50. A. confused B. amazed C. worried D. shocked 51. A. bring up B. pick up C. take up D. put up 52. A. enthusiastic
B. serious
C. diligent
D. wise 53. A. ordering B. inviting C. requiring D. allowing 54. A. quitted B. rescued
C. disappeared
D. escaped 55. A. road
B. background
C. station
D. board
第三部分：阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Expect the Unexpected ——Walking Tour
On this surprising mystery tour, you ’ll discover overlooked and unique attractions hidden in plain sites around the streets of Philadelphia.
Join Atlas Obscura Society Philadelphia as we unlock the secrets of our city with a walking tour of the most unusual sights to be seen. Throughout this journey, you ’ll reach deep into the depths of Philadelphia ’s hidden wonders with Ryan Coffman of the Atlas Obscura Society Philadelphia.
Be ready for anything, and expect the unexpected! This tour is for adventurers-at-heart and those who prefer the strange things in life. Here are a few things
you might see within a two-mile radius(半径). ◆ A rare work of art found in a very unlikely location ◆ A hidden mass grave
◆ The remains of history associated with one of America ’s most infamous serial killers ◆ One of Philadelphia ’s best kept antique and curiosity shops Adventure Details:
◆ We will meet in the center of the park.
◆ This is a rather difficult three-mile walking tour with some steep hills and rough sidewalks
in residential neighborhoods.
◆ There are no restroom facilities available during the hike, so please stop by a restaurant or
coffee shop before the tour.
DATE
Saturday, November 11, 2017 TIME
1:00 p.m. To 3:00 p.m. COST 25.00 USD WHERE Washington Square
Park,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19106, the
United States QUESTIONS?
Email Ryan at ryan@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fb9534723.html,
This is a rain or shine event.
Stay connected! Subscribe to the Atlas Obscure Society Philly newsletter for a first glimpse at upcoming events.
56. The walking tour is intended for people who ________.
A. visit Philadelphia for the first time
B. are accustomed to driving vehicles
C. want to move into local neighborhoods
D. are interested in anecdotes or the unknown
57. What can we learn about the walking tour?
A.Participants will visit several sites at random.
B.It will be canceled if the weather is not good.
C.Participants will walk at least 3 miles in 2 hours.
D.It will be a self-guided tour made around a park.
B
The group of Americans born between 1981 and 1997 have been called a lot of names: Millennials, Generation Y, The Laziest Generation, ect. But according to a new survey from the investment company T. Rowe Price, a more appropriate term might actually be “the Money- Conscious Generation”.
Currently, 18 to 34-year-olds are not only better about tracking their spending and sticking to a budget than Baby Boomers (Americans born between 1946 and 1964), but more of them have increased their savings in the past year, too. A new study from T. Rowe Price analyzed the spending and saving habits of more than 3,000 working adults over the age of 18. Specially, 75% of Millennials told T. Rowe that they track their expenses carefully, compared to 64% of Baby Boomers. And many Millennials have increased their 401 (k) contributions (401养老金计划) in the past twelve months, nearly double the 21% of Boomers who did the same.
“When Millennials have the means to do the right thing, it appears that they often do,”Anne coveney, a senior manager at T. Rowe Price, said in a statement accompanying the survey results. “They are managing their spending and are going against the stereotype that this generation wastes money and is full of short-sighted thinking,” she added.
Other findings from the T. Rowe study further show the idea of the financially-conscious Millennial: 88% of Generation Y people asked said they are pretty good at living within their means, and 67% told T. Rowe they save “by any means necessary”. 74% said they are more comfortable saving money rather than spending it.
That Millennials prioritize saving over spending is not entirely surprising: many were financially hurt by the Great Recession(大萧条), especially after graduating into an environment with a 16%-plus unemployment rate and little wage growth. Over the past several years, Millennials have drawn comparisons to the post-Depression generation in the way that they stay out of the stock market and hold on to cash.
“They think like people from the Depression period largely because they experienced market problems and job security issues very early in their careers, or watched their parents
experience them, and it has had a significant impact on their attitudes and behaviors,”Emily Pachuta of UBS said in an interview last year.
58. What percentage of Millennials have increased their expenses intended for retirement in the previous year?
A. about 42%.
B. about 64%.
C. about 88%.
D. about 74%.
59. Which of the following groups spend money less carefully?
A. The Laziest Generation.
B. Millennials.
C. Baby Boomers.
D. The Money-Conscious Generation.
60. What are the reasons behind Millennials saving money?
a. They are financially insecure.
b. It’s more difficult for them to find a job.
c. They often have the means to do the right thing.
d. They have learned to do it from their parents’ difficult situations.
A. abc
B. bcd
C. acd
D. abd
C
Calorie counts are everywhere. They appear on the restaurant menus, on the cartons of milk and on the bags of baby carrots. Grocery stores display piles of foods with bright and colorful “low-calorie” claims on the packaging. Calories aren’t an ingredient of your food, but they’re key to understanding what you are eating.
Almost all food companies and U.S. restaurants calculate the calorie content of their offerings using a mathematical formula. They first measure how many grams of carbohydrate(碳水化合物)，protein and fat are in the food. Then they multiply each of those amounts by a set value. There are four calories in per gram of carbohydrate or protein and nine calories in per gram of fat. The sum of those values will show up as the calorie count on a food label.
The numbers in this formula are called Atwater factors. They come from data collected more than 100 years ago by nutritionist Wilbur O. Atwater. Atwater asked volunteers to eat different foods. Then he measured how much energy their bodies got from each one by comparing the energy in the food with energy left over in their feces and urine. He compared the numbers from more than 4,000 foods and figured out how many calories were in each gram of protein, fat or carbohydrate.
According to the formula, the calorie content in a gram of fat is the same whether that fat comes from a hamburger, a bag of almonds (杏仁) or a plate of French fries. But scientists have found that the Atwater system isn’t perfect.
David Baer’s team has shown that some foods do not match the Atwter factors. Baer works at the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center in Maryland. For example, some plants have tough sell walls. Chewing plant-based foods, such as nuts, consumes some of these walls but not all. So some of these nutrients will flow out of the body, undigested.
Making foods easier to digest through cooking or other processes can also change the amount of calories available to the body. For example, Baer’s team has found that almond butter
(made of pureed almonds) provides more calories per gram than whole almonds. The Atwater system, however, predicts each should deliver the same amount.
Another issue: Microbes (微生物) living in the gut play a key role in digestion. Yet each person’s gut houses a unique mix of microbes. Some will be better at breaking down foods. This means that two people might absorb a different amount of calories from eating the same type and amount of food.
The Atwater system may have problems, but it is still the best one when it comes to calculating calories. Though other systems have been proposed, none have stuck.
61. Why did Wilbur O. Atwater ask volunteer to eat different foods?
A. To confirm his formula was correct.
B. To find out the healthy foods for people.
C. To find a way to calculate the amount of calories in foods.
D. To measure how much energy people could get from foods.
62. What does the example given in Paragraph 5 show?
A. The Atwater factors have become outdated.
B. Nuts should be well cooked before they’re eaten.
C. Plant-based foods are too hard for the body to digest.
D. Some plant-based foods provide fewer calories than expected.
63. According to the passage, compared with whole almonds, almond butter ________.
A. is easier to digest
B. contains more calories per gram
C. is more popular with consumers
D. is considered healthier by scientists
64. What can be implied from the passage?
A. It is vital to pay attention to calories when eating.
B. People originally have the same power of digesting food.
C. The same food means the same amount of calories to different people.
D. The calorie content listed on a food label is just an approximate amount.
D
Until recently, scientists and authors were in absolute disagreement over the point of crying. In King Henry VI, Shakespeare wrote, "..., to weep is to make less the depth of grief", and the American writer Lemony Snicket said "unless you have been very, very lucky, you know that a good, long session of weeping can often make you feel better, even if your circumstances have not changed one bit".
Charles Darwin, on the other hand, thought that shedding tears (the act of crying) was merely a useless side effect of the way that the muscles around the eye worked. For him, those muscles had to contract (收缩) from time to time so that they didn’t overflow with blood; the expulsion of tears was simply an unintended consequence of that evolved physiological(生理学的) process. He did acknowledge that crying could help young infants attract the attention of their parents, though.
We now know that crying－at least, the sort that adults do－is a complex physiological
response to some kind of emotional stimulus. The most noticeable feature is of course the shedding of tears, but it also includes changes in facial expressions and breathing patterns.
From a scientific perspective, crying is different from shedding the kind of tears like when you accidentally rub your eyes after eating spicy foods. Even the tears themselves are different. In 1981, Minnesota psychiatrist William H Frey II discovered that tears flowing due to sad movies had more protein in them than those that flowed in response to some freshly chopped onions.
If you shed tears of laughter when seeing a funny comedy show or you’re moved to tears when listening to a bridegroom’s wedding vows to his bride, you may know that emotional tears aren't limited to feelings of deep sadness. While all of us are familiar with the feelings that are associated with crying, whether for joy or sorrow, we know little about why we do it as adults－but there are plenty of ideas.
One idea is that adult crying isn't actually all that different from the sort that babies do, at least when it comes to its social nature. In other words, perhaps weeping is a literal cry for attention, a means of soliciting support and help from our friends when we need it the most. It's a way of communicating our inner emotional state at a time when we may not be able to express it clearly.
While this may explain some forms of crying, many researchers have found that adults often cry when they're completely alone. Another possibility is that crying might serve as a means of "secondary appraisal," helping people to realize just how upset they are, a way of just how upset they are and helping them understand their own feelings.
Another idea is that crying provides relief from stressful situations. The idea is consistent not only with the words of Shakespeare, but also with the words of Roman Poet Ovid, who wrote, “It is some relief to weep; grief is satisfied and carried off by tears.”The Greek Philosopher Aristotle also wrote that crying “cleanses the mind”. In a 1986 study of popular US magazines and newspapers, one psychologist found that 94% of articles about crying suggested that it helped to relieve psychological tension.
Indeed, a 2008 study of nearly 4,300 young adults from 30 countries found that most reported improvements in both their mental and physical well-being after a short period of crying, but not all. Some reported no change after a crying session, and some even said that they felt worse afterwards.
The difference seems to lie in the social context: if a person felt embarrassed about crying in public, for example, they might feel less resolved than if they cried alone or with a friend. The study also found that when people tried to suppress or hide their crying, they ended up feeling less relieved afterwards.
So the notion of having "a good cry" is not without merit. In the end, adults might just cry for the same reason as human infants: to seek help from their friends and family.
65. According to Darwin, shedding tears was ________.
A. the same thing as crying
B. aimed at attracting other’s attention
C. nothing but a physiological process
D. an effective way to get rid of negative emotions
66. What can we learn from the passage about crying?
A. It can benefit people’s eye muscles.
B. It is a response to the stimulus to eyes.
C. It is usually caused by painful emotions.
D. It can cause changes in people’s outward features.
67. The underlined word “soliciting” in Paragraph 6 can be best replaced by “________”.
A.refusing
B. seeking
C. providing
D. receiving
68. By mentioning the 1986 study, the author intends to tell us that ________.
A. crying is helpful in reducing stress
B. it is unwise of people to hide their crying
C. not all people can feel better after crying
D. many articles about crying have been published in magazines
69. Who doesn’t share the same idea with Shakespeare about crying?
A.Lemony Snicket.
B. Ovid.
C. Aristotle.
D. Charles Darwin.
70. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Why do people cry
B. Experiments on crying
C. Different types of crying
D. Is having a cry good for us
第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)
请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Desertification, in simple terms, means development of desert-like conditions in regions which initially had fertile(肥沃的) land, but have now turned dry and infertile. Although the desert is a natural phenomenon which responds to natural climatic conditions, it is a condition that has been worsened by human activities, creating an imbalance in nature. The areas which are dry are more likely to suffer from desertification.
Then what results in desertification around the world? Well, grass is essential for holding the surface soil in dry regions. When the grass is exploited by livestock(牲畜), the soil loses its support and is blown away by the wind. The continuous over-exploitation of the vegetation by grazing animals has led to an increase in desertification.
As we all know, plants prevent the top soil from eroding(流失). However, due to urbanization and increase in agriculture, the forests are cut down on a large scale, resulting in soil erosion through wind and water. Meanwhile, the nutrients from the soil are also lost, making it useless.
Growing human population plays a major role in increasing desertification. Increase in population leads to increased urbanization. As large populations use up all the resources available, a need for expansion arises to meet the growing needs of increased population.
As a result of vegetation removal, the climate changes and affects the overall environment.
Due to the absence of vegetation on the land, there is no moisture in the soil to evaporate(蒸发) and form clouds that cause rainfall. Furthermore, less or no rainfall adds to the drought conditions, and the climate turns hotter and drier, causing more and more desertification.
It is quite natural that when the land is deserted and the number of dry regions goes on increasing, there will be less evaporation, which finally results in less rainfall. This further leads to water scarcity, and then human, as well as animal life, is endangered due to shortage of drinking water. In addition, the adverse effects of desertification also include floods in heavy rainfall regions, pollution, storms and several other natural disasters, all of which can be deadly to human life. Also, due to desertification, the soil becomes unsuitable for agriculture, and there may be a huge loss of food. As a result, humans, as well as animals, may suffer from starvation.
Desertification is a big environmental issue, which cannot be solved by a single person. On the one hand, we can do our bit by participating in conservation group activities. On the other hand, we can save water, soil and other precious natural resources on an individual basis.
Desertification
Introduction ●Desertification is the 71 by which a piece of fertile land becomes dry and infertile. It’s worsening because human activities break the 72 of nature.
Causes ●Overgrazing destroys the vegetation on the land, which makes the soil
73 to blow away.
●Urbanization and increase in agriculture lead to soil erosion, causing
74 of the nutrients of the land.
●75 uses up all the resources available, causing more land to be exploited.
●Climate change caused by the vegetation removal results in a(n) 76 in desertification.
Effects ●Desertification causes a lack of drinking water, 77 humans and animals.
●Desertification can bring about various disasters like floods, pollution, storms, etc.
●Desertification makes the soil infertile, making humans and animals go
78 .
79 ●All people are supposed to work together to fight desertification.
●No individual is allowed to 80 natural resources.
第五部分：书面表达(共两节，满分25分)
第一节：单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
请阅读下面各题，根据首字母提示，在空格内填入一个最恰当的单词（81,82），或写
出划线词的中文意思（83，84,85），使句子语法正确，语义完整。然后将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
81. Most companies fear that by reporting cases of cybercrime, they ’ll lose customers, who may think the company can ’t protect their c information or their money. 82. David did a part-time job before he found a p________ one.
83. They could scarcely （ ） complain after receiving such good treatment. 84. Chinese culture never fails to fascinate （ ）westerners.
85. He gave us specific （ ） instructions so that we could carry out the project smoothly. 第二节：书面表达（满分20分）
请阅读并理解下面的文字及图片，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
写作内容：
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的内容；
2. 结合上述信息，简要分析导致饥饿的主要原因；
3. 谈谈如何解决饥饿的问题。 写作要求：
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the world produces enough food for every one. However, more than 800 million people go to bed hungry every day. Hunger is on the top of the world ’s ten largest health killers.
Every 6 seconds a child dies of a hunger-related disease. Children under the age of 5 in developing countries die of hunger, one third of whom are related to chronic malnutrition(慢性营养不良).