中学生的英语学习动机研究
中学生的英语学习动机研究
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英语六级写作三个套路 精品
英语六级写作三个套路 作文的展开—按照三步走： 1)题目涉及的现象进行简单的描述，在描述的过程中将写作引向文章的主题(这样的描述可以自己控制，如果第一段落字数单薄，可以适当使描述具体化)。 2)在第一步的基础上给出观点，观点视文章主旨可以分为：个人观点(包括方法、途径)，和多方观点(观点从正反两方面或者一个方面的多个层次阐述；在交待观点是需要有原因和支持)。 3)个人观点总结点题(同意异表)，简要指出方法途径，如果找不到具体的解决方法，则将话讲得圆滑(如果正文中间观点没有必然冲突，则可以融合)。 例子： A 1995.1 my view on the negative effects of some advertisements 社会上的广告现象越来越多，很多的广告对我们的社会有不良的影响-〉(广告如何
多：路边大型广告，报纸一半是广告，电线杆上垃圾广告，电视商业广告频繁。) Today we live in a world of advertisement. Ads appear on broad side boards, take up much of newspaper coverage, slip their way onto walls and constantly interrupt TV programs. However pervasive they are, (尽管他们四处充斥)they always produce a negative influence。 从观点的多个层次描写：1.白日抢劫——卖家通过弯曲夸大事实来欺骗消费者购买(化妆品)；2.种下不良消费习惯或者价值观(香烟)；3.污染环境(牛皮癣和校园商业海报)。 To begin with, daylight robbery is made everyday occurrence (白日抢劫每天都在发生)as a result of the negative effects of ads. Harmful ads exaggerate the functions and distort/ignore the facts。(夸大功能，歪曲事实) Every means is tried to hook people into buying(为
如何有效地练习英语写作的逻辑思维
如何有效地练习英语写作的逻辑思维？ 我们先来看看文章的评判标准。一般情况下，我们可以通过这几个标准来衡量一篇文章的优劣：词汇的丰富与准确性，语法的准确性，文章的连贯与流畅度，观点是否清晰扣题，论证是否严谨有力。对大部分人来说，词汇和语法并不是最大的问题，多阅读多练习，假以时日，总可以慢慢掌握。实际上，在英文写作中最让人头疼的往往是后面几项：观点的提出以及论证，文字的衔接和耦合。 文章要做到连贯流畅，观点清晰，论证有力，仅仅靠背单词和学语法是不够的，因为它还涉及到一个更深层次的问题：逻辑思维能力。写作活动是一种严密而有序的逻辑思维过程。很多作文中出现的表达混乱，层次不清等问题，往往是写作时逻辑思维混乱导致的。还没想清楚就下笔，写出来的东西自然不会清晰到哪里去。 那我们应该要怎样做，才能提高逻辑思维能力，写出清晰严谨的文章呢？可以从以下几点入手： 1.注意句子以及段落的逻辑关系 之前一直有这样的说法“英语是一门逻辑性很强的语言”，为什么这么说呢？因为仔细观察你会发现，英语在遣词造句上是遵循严密的的逻辑形式的：用词上要求人称、数、格的一致；句子有严谨的主谓结构，多用关联词语，重视形式的对应和显性衔接。而在语篇中多突出主题句，直线式地展开段落。 对于写作来说，一篇好的文章要遵循句子和句子之间，段落和段落之间的衔
接和连贯。一篇好文章并不是句子的机械堆砌，而是一个有机整体，句子和句子之间是存在严谨的逻辑关系的。举个例子，下面是一篇常见的说明文段落： AIDS seems to follow a pattern of recognizable symptoms. First, after being exposed to the virus, the AIDS patients tends to complain of a fever, sore throat, sore muscles,and diarrhea. Then there seems to be a dormant period ,which can last for three years or longer. Finally, after this period, more serious symptoms begin to emerge. 仔细阅读之后会发现，文章中的句子之间在逻辑上环环相扣，每一个都不可或缺。如果句子之间的衔接没做好，写出来的文章可能会是这样的：Every summer, I go to traveling with my family or my best friends. When the new term comes, I will surprisingly find my oral English is much improved. So I firmly believe book is not only the source of knowledge. 上面的句子虽然没有语法问题，但读起来感觉却很奇怪，为什么？因为句子与句子之间并没有一个很好的逻辑关系："go to traveling with my family" 与后面的"my oral English is much improved" 并没有必然联系，逻辑上讲不通。 除了句子的衔接外，段落与段落之间的衔接也非常重要。这一点在经济学人等外刊文章上体现得很好，比如这篇文章The weaker sex , 段落的结构非常清晰，开头都有主题句来引领全段，而且段落与段落之间是层层递进的关系。What can be done? Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.
初三英语写作教学反思.doc
初三英语写作教学反思 初三英语写作教学反思(一) 第一，营造良好的英语写作氛围，培养学生的英语写作兴趣，使学生拥有一个良好的写作动机。在指导学生进行英文写作时，我没有很好的解决学生写作的动机。学习动机与学习兴趣是相辅相成的，只有不断地激发学生的学习兴趣，才能引导他们将兴趣转化为良好而稳定的学习动机。根据第一篇作文中所得到的反馈信息，我在第二次的写作任务中，将全班学生分为五个写作小组，让小组的成员在写作前进行交流，讨论作文的主题以及需要表达的主要内容等等，并且过后让小组成员阅读其他组员的作文，如此一来，不仅加强了同学们之间的合作与交流，也培养了学生们的写作热情及兴趣，学生们的写作动机也越来越明确。 第二，在课堂内外帮助学生丰富他们的知识。从反馈信息中可以看出学生的知识水平相当有限，这一问题主要表现在学生无法根据作文题目给出具体的信息，例如，题目为：Do you have a cold? Write about what you should and shouldn t do.由于对生活的观察程度不同，一些学生在写作时，无法就题目所提出的问题给出具体的建议，而另外一些同学若是已经掌握了相关的主题知识则会感到有内容可写。可见，学生对于写作的主题知识的不熟悉，会导致了写作过程受到了影响，内容也难免显得空洞。为了提高学生的知识水平，在课内，我依据教材内容，对教材所涉及到的文化知识进行补充及拓展，在课外，我鼓励学生仔细观察生活中的点点滴滴，并且勤于阅读课外书籍，勤于实践，从书本中、社会生活中获得种种经验，用以指导以后的英语写作。 第三，在教学中实抓学生的写作基本技能。英语写作基本技能主要包括能正确使用标点符号，能够正确运用语法知识使文章语句通顺，能在文章中表达自己的观点和态度等。在学生们所写的作文中，写作技能较差主要表现在词汇较为缺乏、语法不正确、标点符号运用不正确等。其中，标点符号是英语写作中最基本的技能，但学生们却将中英文标点符号的用法弄混淆。许多学生喜欢用逗号来连接两个句子，而不是分号或连接词，这在汉语中是可行的，在英语中却违法了规则。
英语写作(一) 期末考试试题及参考答案
英语写作试题（一） I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Attaining Success in College Succeeding in college is not only important to getting and education, but also crucial in this day and age to success in the work place. To me, the three most important things for attaining a successful college experience are having smart classroom conduct, taking advantage of campus resources, and making college the first priority. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Making good use of campus resources is also of great importance to college success. The school library has many resources for the growth of the students’ mind. With computers and copy-machines for individual use, computer labs and writing labs are there not just for learning purposes but also for actual help with writing papers. The “office hours” will help the students build a close relationship with their professors and give them access to the professors’ mind. From the professors the students can acquire possible extra information that may put them ahead of their study. All these resources are free, since they are funded by student tuitions. So taking good advantage of the resources can only make the students’ education more attainable. Finally, any students who want to assure success must establish school as the top priority. Personally I have watched some students slowly loosen up; I have seen a pattern of partying and a lack of motivation. Many of the freshmen have no idea why they are in college, and their “eyes” often tell it all. This world is so rich in distractions that it is hard to keep a strong focus, especially if one is just starting his or her academic career. It is said that the first semester is often the most “unsuccessful” one. This certainly rings true for me. I made mistakes in this regard and eventually learned that, to achieve success, school must always be placed above other things. In my college experience, I have observed and learned how to achieve success. I wish someone had told me earlier the importance of having that smart classroom conduct, of fully utilizing the school resources, and of making college my top priority. Then, my college beginnings would not have been so rocky and tough. II. Write an outline (20 points) Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it. Smell Smell, as a means of nonverbal communication, is important. Odor communicates not only when we are face to face with another person, but also when the other personis not present. People from different cultures may have different attitudes toward body odors. Most people in the West respond negatively to what they consider bad odors such as body odor, breath odor, or
初中英语写作思维导图,掌握住,英语作文想不得满分都难!
初中英语写作思维导图，掌握住，英语作文想不得满分都难！ 一提到写英语作文，很多同学都无从下笔，总是“信手写来”，没有规划。这样做的后果是，作文篇章结构不清晰，内容选择可能会脱离主题，从而影响作文的总体得分。老师为了帮助大家解决这一难题，带来了英语写作思维导图，让你以后作文提笔前胸有成竹，次次稳拿满分！ 一、写作时需考虑哪些方面的因素？ （1）本话题所需要的词块、语块。 （2）本话题的写作模板结构等。 （3）本话题所涉及到的经典名句、谚语等。
二、困惑与对策 困惑1：写什么？ 以《How to learn well?》为题，写一篇作文，那么我们应该如何入手开始写作呢？来看看以下几张思维导图，能够帮你整理好一篇作文的写作框架。
困惑2：如何选材？ 即使知道了写作框架，但在补充框架时又会遇到另一个困惑：如何选材？以下是一些关于写作选材的建议： 1．选定英语思维导图各区域所需的词块和语块。 2．将各区域的词块和语块按段落写成连贯的语篇。 3．对照思维导图自我批改，注意人称、时态语态、句型结构的正确使用。 困惑3：如何表达？ 很多学生在写作时，使用的句式比较单一，因此文章大多雷同，缺乏个性。针对这些问题，我们可以从以下几个方面改进： 1．对相同意思，注意不同句式的表达法，选择更好的句式。 2．短文写作，表达力求精悍、生动、丰富，避免重复用一样的句式。3．特别注意使用承上启下的词语和句子。
三、思维导图在英语作文写作中的应用实例 写作流程： 1. 审题、理清思路：考虑写什么（挑选关键词，搭建作文框架）。 2. 选择词语：根据话题和作文框架选用所需要的语料（词块和语块）。 3. 遣词造句：根据思维导图中的语料，用合适的句型写作。 4. 语篇定稿：根据思维导图修改润色作文——紧扣主题、表达准确，关联自然，语篇流畅。 实例1： 假如你有两位同学——芳芳和明明，参加了上星期二学校组织的英语演讲比赛，他们的不同表现使你深有感触。请你根据下列表各中的内容提示写一篇英语短文。 芳芳明明我 1.认为自己英语好，不需要努力；花费时间挑选比赛用的漂亮衣服 2.因准备不足，太紧张，而没有完成演讲。1.努力学习，向 别人请教；赛前 两天腿受伤，但 不放弃 2.在比赛中表现 良好 应该 向明 明学 习 参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest 要求： 1. 词数：80~100个 2. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数
英语写作期末试题和答案解析
英语写作期末试题和答 案解析 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f81295502.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
Part I M ultiple Choice(15%) Directions:There are 15 incomplete statements in this part. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best ONE to complete the statement. (1’x 15=15’) 1. According to the rules of writing a title, “__________” is correct. A. The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking Ability B. My View on the Negative Effects of Ads C. the Myth of a Negro Literature D. the war of Independence 2. Which of the following sentences has punctuation error? A. The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. B. The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick. C. The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly. D. When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. 3. __________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”. A. Accuracy B. Arbitrariness C. Appropriateness D. Conciseness 4. What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.” A. Metaphor B. Personification C. Simile D. Hyperbole 5. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _____his new album soon. A.release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse 6. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, __________ to find it locked. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus 7. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate __________ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard 8. An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay. A. ignore B. introduce C. develop D. emphasize 9. Which of the following sentences contains a dangling modifier? A. Coming up the hall, I heard the clock struck 10. B. While Wendy was driving on Greenwood Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree began to fall toward her car.
【精编版】2020届高三英语题型训练 写作(三)
题型训练写作（三） 第一节短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 WeChat is becoming increasing popular with people. Recently I have made a survey among my classmate about the use of WeChat. According to a result, 45% of the classmates admit they often use it because comparing with other means of communication, WeChat has more advantages. It was cheap, convenient and easy to send all kinds of messages around. Besides, 35% of whom are against using it, saying it will affect their study. Not using WeChat, the rest has no opinion about it. As far as I'm concerned, since WeChat offers us great convenience, it should be made good use. We should not be slaves to it or let it to govern our minds and behaviour. 第二节书面表达 假定你是李华，市电视台将举办《中国诗词比赛》(Chinese Poetry Contest)国际友人专场，你想邀清对文化感兴趣的外教老师Adam一同观赛。请给他写一封信，内容包括： 1.时间：下周五晚六点半； 2.地点：市民中心；
商务英语写作基础知识
使用日常讲话的方式来写作 Pedantic学究式的Readable日常可用的ascertain find out (发现) aforementioned these (这些) is a result of because (因为) at this point in time now (现在) before long soon (不久) cease stop (停止) commence start, begin (开始) compensate pay (报酬) correspondence letter (信函) demonstrate show (表现) desire want (需要) due to the fact because (因为) during the time that while (当……的时候) elect choose (选择) facilitate ease, help (方便) for the purpose of to (为了) give consideration to consider (考虑) implement do (完成) in close proximity near (靠近) in the future soon (不久) in the event that if (如果) indebtedness debt (欠债) indicate show (表现) in the view of the fact that since (由于) locate find (发现) numerous many (许多) on condition that provided (如果) prior to before (在……之前) purchase buy (购买) rapid fast (快速) reason is because reason is (因为) residence address (住址) subsequent to after (在……之后) subsequently later (之后) sufficient enough (足量)
期末考试英语作文
期末考试英语作文 导读：Yesterday, I took the final exam of this term. I worked hard to prepare for it, but I was still nervous. I was afraid that I couldn’t do it well. I had three exams, Chinese, math and English. In the morning, it was the Chinese. It was not so difficult for me that I was sure I could be good in it. Then, it was math in the afternoon. It’s the part I was afraid of most. Not surprised, I met some troubles in math exam. But I still hope they wouldn’t be serious. I am good at English, so I didn’t worry about it. I knew I can do well in it. In short, the final exam was not so hard for me and I am quite sure the scores will be perfect. 昨天，我参加了这学期的期末考试。虽然我很努力备考，但是考前我依然很紧张，我怕自己考不好。有三门考试，分别是语文、数学和英语。第一天早上考语文，这对我来说不算难，我相信自己能考好。下午考数学，这是我最怕的一科。不出意料，考试的时候果然碰到难题了，但我希望不会错得太离谱。英语是我的`强项，所以我没有担心英语科目，我知道我会有优异的表现。总的来说，期考对于我来说并不算太难，我相信自己能考出好成绩。 【期末考试英语作文】 1.期末考试的英语日记 2.2015高一英语作文:期末考试话题作文
英语写作期末试卷
Part I Multiple Choice(15%) Directions:There are 15 incomplete statements in this part. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best ONE to complete the statement. (1’x 15=15’) 1. According to the rules of writing a title, “__________” is correct. A. The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking Ability B. My View on the Negative Effects of Ads C. the Myth of a Negro Literature D. the war of Independence 2. Which of the following sentences has punctuation error? A. The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. B. The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick. C. The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly. D. When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. 3. __________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”. A. Accuracy B. Arbitrariness C. Appropriateness D. Conciseness 4. What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.”? A. Metaphor B. Personification C. Simile D. Hyperbole 5. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _____his new album soon. A.release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse 6. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, __________ to find it locked. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus 7. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate __________ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard 8. An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay. A. ignore B. introduce C. develop D. emphasize 9. Which of the following sentences contains a dangling modifier? A. Coming up the hall, I heard the clock struck 10. B. While Wendy was driving on Greenwood Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree began to fall toward her car. C. When I was ten, my grandfather died. D. None of the above. 10. Which one is not used as a transition word to give examples?
英语写作三原则
英语写作三原则 原则一：逻辑语义关系标示语的使用 句子间或段落间的命题之间的语义联系可以通过逻辑关系标示词直接连接起来，以显性的语言成分形式出现于篇章表层；这就是所谓的语篇逻辑语义的“显明性” (explic itness)。但在有的情况下，或是因为信息本身的逻辑关系非常清楚，或是因为情景语境已经提供了必要的启示，即使没有连接性词语，句子与句子或段落与段落之间的逻辑关系也可以通过隐性的衔接手段连接起来；语篇逻辑语义的这种特征被称为语篇逻辑语义的“隐含性”(implicitness)。连接是指用连词、副词或词组（短语）等逻辑关系标示语把两个命题联系起来的手段,可用来表示两个小句之间的逻辑语义关系。绝大多数的语言研究者认为英汉语篇逻辑语义的确存在显性或隐性的差异。如朱永生（2001：102）认为，与其他所有衔接手段相比，连接是英汉两种语言之间差别最大的一种衔接手段；再如，连淑能（1992）认为，由于汉语注重意合，在汉语的语篇中，隐性的连接成分是相当常见的，是读者或听话者很容易接受和理解的一种语言现象。而英语注重形合，英语中语篇连接成分在绝大多数的情况下是显性的。因此，这种“显明性”和“隐含性”在一定程度上反映了英汉两种思维方式的差异和这种差异所造成的英汉两种语言在语言表达上的差异。在英语写作学习过程中，中国学生由于受汉语隐性连接传统方式的影响，在两个命题之间常常不使用逻辑语义关系标示语，有时甚至因为理解问题而误用逻辑语义关系标示语，因而造成逻辑关系表达不清的问题。 在英语写作具体行文过程中，连接或表示语篇中不同命题之间逻辑语义关系的成分就是我们所谓的逻辑关系标示语。它们往往是一些常见的小词。比如说，“and”一般被用来表示并列或递进关系；“but, however, yet, nevertheless”等一般被用来表示转折关系；但是值得注意的是，越是常见的词，就往往越为学生所忽视；加上受汉语逻辑语义“隐含性”特征的影响，中国学生在学习英语写作时极易出现逻辑关系标示语的误用甚至于不用。因此，在英语写作过程中，我们应当着重培养自己对这些标示语的敏感性。 原则二：照应标示语的使用 照应（anaphora）又称前指。从广义上来说，它指的是语言表达中一个词或短语在语篇中被用来（回）指同一语篇中另一个词或短语的语言现象。前者一般被称为前指词（anaphor），后者一般被称为先行词（antecedent）。两者之间是一种语义上的共指（co-reference）关系。这种共指关系可以出现在同一句、同一段落或同一篇章中，是篇章连贯的主要手段之一，因而近几十年来一直是语言学、心理学、人工智能、语言教学等学科的研究对象。根据先行词与前指词之间的关系及其词法和句法特点，照应关系可以分为三大类：句际照应、动词性照应和名词性照应，分别如下例所示（划线部分分别为先行词和前指词）： （1）John told me that he could finish the test in half an hour, but I wouldn’t b elieve it. （2） a. He went to the part yesterday. So did his wife. b. Perry bought a blue jacket, and Tom ? a black one. （3）John bought a red car and Paul bought a white one. 在这里，我们所说的照应标示语（又称指称词语）指的是名词性照应，它包括所有名词性的词语，如代词、名词等。照应标示语之所以能够成为保持语篇逻辑语义关系的重要手段之一是因为其指称性。苏东坡诗曰：“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同。不识庐山真面目，只
初中英语期末考试写作40个常考加分句型(常考哟!)
初中英语期末考试写作40个常考加分句型 1、主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of … too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。) 例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性都不为过。 2、 There is no need for sb to do sth. / for sth.(某人没有必要做……) 例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。 3、 By +doing…，主语+can …. (借着……，……能够……) 例如：By taking exercise， we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 4、… enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……) 例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 5、 On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)。 例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 6、 What will happen to sb.？(某人将会怎样？) 例如：What will happen to the orphan？ 那个孤儿将会怎样？ 7、 For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式/现在完成进行时…. (过去……时间来，……一直……) 例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
关于的英语作文3篇
关于的英语作文3篇 购物的英语作文篇一 in the united states，the lonely have reddit and cats. in china，they have singles' day，which falls on nov. 11 -- 11.11，the four ones symbolizing "bare branches，" chinese slang for bachelors. thought to have originated about 20 years ago as a joke on college campuses，singles' day was once an occasion for confessing one's feelings to that special someone. but since 2010，online retailers have transformed the holiday， also known as "double 11，" into an epic online shopping extravaganza akin to america's cyber monday. china has 271 million online consumers， meaning that almost half of china's 591 million internet users buy products online. e-commerce sites taobao and tmall， which saw a combined 1 trillion in sales in 2012，will both be running promotional campaigns during china's singles' day. among the offers：50 percent discounts on products like boyfriend body pillows and hoodies that read "i am single because i am fat." amazon。cndeclared that the site would sell "20，000 products discounted by as much as 90 percent." that includes a wedding ring，which singles can presumably buy， just in case.