2011年高考英语(人教版)要点梳理+重点突破：必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour

必修4Unit 3

A taste of English humour

要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考

●重点单词

1〃humour n．幽默；滑稽→humourous adj.幽默的

2〃content adj.满足的；满意的n．满足vt.使满足

3〃perform v．执行；表演→performer n．表演者；演出者→performance n．执行；演出

4〃astonish vt.使惊诧→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶

5〃fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortune n．运气，财富→fortunately adv.幸运地

6〃ordinary adj.平常的；普通的

7〃entertain vt. & vi.使欢乐；款待→entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的→entertainment n．娱乐8〃throughout prep.遍及，贯穿adv.到处；始终；全部

9〃overcome vt. & vi.战胜；克服

10〃convince vt.使信服→convinced adj.坚信不移的→convincing adj.令人信服的

11〃direct vt. & vi. &adj.导演；指示；指挥；直的；直接的；直率的→direction n．指导→director n．导演→directly adv. & conj.直接地，径直地；一……就……

12〃outstanding adj.突出的；杰出的；显著的

13〃gesture n．姿态；手势vi.做手势

14〃particular adj. & n．特殊的，特别的；细节；细目→particularly adv.特别地，挑剔地15〃occasion n．时刻；场合

16〃slide vt. & vi.(使)滑动；(使)滑行n．滑；滑动；幻灯片

17〃whisper n．耳语；低语vt. & vi.低语；小声说

18〃react vi.作出反应；回应→reaction n．反应；回应

●重点短语

1〃up to now直到现在

2〃feel/be content with对……满足

3〃badly off 穷的；缺少的

4〃pick out挑出；辨别出

5〃cut off切断；断绝

6〃star in主演；担任主角

7〃break into破门而入

8〃worse off境况更差，更糟糕

9〃through_out the world 全世界

10〃in search of寻找

11〃burst into突然发出

12〃bring out产生；引起

13〃in the open air 在户外，在野外

14〃keep to坚持；固守

●重点句型

1〃As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up to now nobody able to do this Charlie Chaplin.维克多·雨果曾经说过，“笑

容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天”。关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。

2〃Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.

查理首先吃起鞋带，好像它们是意大利面条一样。

3〃“Well, it certainly will be this morning，”the man said, “because I happen to be flying it！”“哦！那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”

4〃The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn out shoes and a small round black hat.

这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。

●高考范文

(2009·江西卷)

学校即将举行以Turning a Bad Mood (心情) into a Good One”为题目的英语作文比赛，请按下列要求写一篇100词左右的记叙文或议论文。

记叙文

1〃发生的具体事件。

2〃对你的心情有何影响？

3〃你如何应对？

议论文

1〃好心情的重要性。

2〃产生坏心情的原因。

3〃应该如何调整心情。

[范文]

Turning a Bad Mood into a Good One

One day, on my way to school by bus, I stepped on a young man's foot accidentally/quite by accident/chance. I said sorry to him politely immediately, but he called my names rudely. I am in a bad mood the rest of the day.

Realizing my bad mood, my headteacher talked with me patiently about it. He said that in fact it is an attitude toward life. It is known to us all that there is a famous saying

“Everything depends on one's attitude”. Life is like a mirror, if you smile at it, it will smile back to you.

Through this matter, I realize that a good mood is actually an attitude toward life in essence, and that an active attitude toward everything is very important. I'll face everything unpleasant tolerantly from now on and let my soul full of sunshine.

考点探究互动探究·能力备考

Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

1〃content n．内容，目录，容量；满足

adj.满足的；满意的

vt.使满足

be content with＝be satisfied with

对……感到满足/满意

be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.愿意做某事

content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对……满意

in content and form 在内容和形式上

[即学即练1](1)Are you ____________ your present salary？你对现在的薪水满意吗？

(2)My parents ________________________ in the country.我父母甘愿住在乡下。

(3)Simple praise is enough to ____________.

一点点表扬就足以使他满足。

(4)Show me __________________ your suitcase.

给我看看你手提箱里的东西。

content with

are well content to live

content him

the contents of

提示：content 用做形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如：a contented expression“满足的表情”；content 前的修饰词用well，而不用very。

2〃astonish vt. 使吃惊；使惊讶

astonishing adj. 令人十分惊异的

astonished adj. 感到十分惊讶的

astonishment n. 惊讶

to one‘s astonishment 使某人万分惊讶的是

in astonishment 惊讶地

be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊

be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃惊

[即学即练2](1)We __________________ the news of her sudden death.

她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。

(2)It ____________ us to hear that you did not receive our letter. 听说你还没收到我们的信，这使我们十分惊讶。

(3)It was an ____________ story.这故事令人惊讶不已。

were astonished at

astonished

astonishing

3〃entertain vt.&vi. 使快乐，款待

entertaining adj. 引人发笑的，有趣的，娱乐的

entertainment n. 招待，款待，娱乐

entertain sb. with sth. 用……使某人快乐

entertain sb. to sth. 用……招待/款待某人

give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人

[即学即练3](1)He often __________ the children ______ funny expressions. 他经常用滑稽的表情逗孩子们玩儿。

(2)I usually _________ my friends ______ dinner on Sundays.

我常在星期天请朋友们吃饭。

(3)It’s not a very serious film, but a good _______________.

这不是一部严肃的电影，而是一部很好的娱乐片。

entertains

with

entertain

to

entertainment

4〃overcome v. 战胜；克服；征服

be overcome by sth.……使某人垮掉，……使某人昏迷

be overcome with emotion/excitement/horror/grief

因情感/兴奋/恐怖/悲伤而不能自持

[即学即练4](1)In the final game Sweden easily ____________ France.在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。

(2)Her parents __________________ grief at the funeral.

在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝。

(3)The dead woman had __________________ smoke.

这个女人是被烟呛死的。

overcame

were overcome with

been overcome by

5〃convince vt.使确信，使信服，使认识

convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的

convinced adj.确信的；深信的；坚信的

convince sb. that... 使某人信服(相信)

be convinced of... 确信……

be/feel firmly convinced that... 确信；笃信；坚信……

[即学即练5]

(1)We finally ____________ them ______ our adventure.

＝We finally ___________ them ____________ our adventure.

我们最终令他们信服了我们的冒险经历。

(2)Her smile ___________ him ______ she was happy.

她的微笑使他确信她快乐。

(3)They __________________ the result of the experiment finally.他们最终相信了实验结果。

(4)I __________________ his guilt.

________he is guilty.

我确信他有罪。

convinced

of

convinced

to believe

convinced

that

were convinced of

am convinced of

that

(5)There is now ____________ evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。

convincing

6〃direct vt.&vi. 导演；指挥；指示adj. 径直的；直接的；直率的adv. 直接地

direct sth. to/towards sth./sb.

direct sth. at/against sth./sb.把……对准

(某方向或某人)

direct sb. to sp. 给某人指路，为某人领路

direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事

that 从句(用虚拟语气)

the direct road/train 直通道路/直达列车

be in direct contact with sb. 与某人有直接的联系

go direct to sp. 直接去某地

[即学即练6](1)She prefers to ______ rather than ______.

她宁愿当演员，不愿当导演。

(2)The police officers had __________________ search the building. 警察奉命搜查这栋大楼。

(3)The judge _________ that the mother be given custody of the child. 法官判决这孩子由母亲照管。

act

direct

been directed to

directed

7〃particular adj. 特殊的，特别的，挑剔的n. 细节，细目

be particular to 是……特有的

be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究，挑剔

in particular 尤其，特别，格外

[即学即练7](1)The coconut __________________ the tropics.椰子是热带地区特有的。

(2)She __________________ her clothes.

她对衣着很讲究。

(3)She loves the song ____________，because her mother used to sing it.

她特别喜爱这首歌，因为她妈妈过去经常唱。

is particular to

is particular about

8〃whisper v．&n.低语，耳语，私语；私下说，低声地说

in a whisper (＝in whispers) 低声地

whisper about sth. 密谈某事

It is whispered that... 有人私下说……

whisper to sb. 对某人窃窃私语

[即学即练8](1)They debated it ____________.

他们低声辩论。

(2)The two girls were ______________ in the library.

这两个女孩在图书馆里低声说话。

(3)After a few minutes, he ___________ the answer ______ the creature’s ear.

过了几分钟，他小声在这个动物的耳旁说出答案。

(4)__________________ that he was heavily in debt.据说他负债累累。

in whispers

whispering

whispered

in

It was whispered

提示：whisper 后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to, 即whisper sth. to sb.＝whisper to sb. sth.。类似结构还有：

announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布……

explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释……

introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍……

suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议

report sth. to sb. 向某人报告

9〃react vi.&vt. 反应，反抗；起化学反应，起作用

react to sth. 对……作出反应

react on (upon)

对……起作用，对……有影响，对……起反应

react against 反抗，反对

[即学即练9](1)How did he ____________ the news?

他对这消息有何反应？

(2)Will the people ever ____________ this dictator?

有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？

(3)Applause _______________ a speaker.

鼓掌对讲演者有影响。

react to

react against

reacts on/upon

10〃badly off 穷的；缺少的

be badly off 拮据，贫穷

be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够

＝be short of/lack of

be well off 有钱的，富裕的

be well off for sth.某方面是充裕的

[即学即练10](1)I have got a big room so I‘m not too

____________.

我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不坏。

(2)His family is not ____________.

他家境不太富裕。

(3)We _______________ for storage space in the new offices.我们的新办公室里有很多贮藏东西的地方。

(4)She ______________ for friends.

她缺少朋友。

badly off

well off

were well off

is badly off

(5)I went to his home and found his living conditions were ____________ than mine.

我去他家一看，发现他的生活状况比我的更差。

worse off

11〃pick out 选出；选拔；分辨出；领会

pick on 选择(某人或某物)作受罚(挨骂、干不愉快的

工作)的对象

pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会；

用车接某人；收听到；身体好转

pick off 摘下，摘掉；逐个地(或有选择地)瞄准射中

[即学即练11](1)Let me ____________ some good ones for you.让我来替你挑几个好的。

(2)It's easy to __________________ in a crowd because he is very tall.

很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。

(3)The bus ____________ passengers outside the airport.

公共汽车在机场外接乘客。

pick out

pick him out

picks up

12〃cut off 切掉，割掉，分离，隔离(常跟from)，中断

cut across 抄近路穿过；对直穿过

cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开

cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；

毁灭，破坏

cut in 插嘴；突然插入

cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/切碎

cut out 切掉；删掉

[即学即练12](1)I had my hair ____________ and sold it.

我把头发剪掉卖了。

(2)Just when she had reached the most important point we ______________.

她刚刚讲到最要紧的地方，我们的电话就被切断了。

(3)We were completely ______________ the outside world.我们和外界完全隔绝了。

cut off

were cut off

cut off from

Ⅱ.重点句型详解

1〃As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up_to_now_nobody has been able to do this better_than Charlie Chaplin. 维克多·雨果曾经说过，“笑容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天”。关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。

(1)as在此引导定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，此时，定语从句的位置比较灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，译为“正如，正像”。

①As all his friends agree, he was unusually warm－hearted, loving and generous.

正如他所有的朋友都认为的那样，他非常热心、可亲、慷慨。

②I am as you can imagine short enough of money.

正如你所想象的那样，我很缺钱。

③He was a teacher, as was clear from his manner.

正如根据他的举止所断定的，他是一位老师。

(2)up to now 意为“迄今；到现在为止”，是多用于现在完成时的时间状语，常可与until now,

①Up to now, about 30 foreign companies have set up branches in this developing zone.

到现在为止，已有大约30家外国公司在这个开发区设立了分公司。

②They have raised more than $1 000 000 for this project up to now/until now/so far.

到目前为止，他们已经为这个项目筹集到一百多万美元了。

(3)．..nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.

当形容词或副词的比较级出现在否定句中时，往往不表示否定的意义而是表示充分的肯定。—I think students should have more of their own time. Don‘t you think so?

我认为学生应该有更多的属于他们自己的时间。你不这么认为吗？

—I can’t agree more. (＝I completely agree.)

完全赞同。

[即境活用1]—Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?

—Thank you. ______.

A〃It couldn‘t be better B．Of course you can

C〃If you like D．It's up to you

答案：A

解析：It couldn't be better. “再好不过了”，相当于It's the best.

2〃“Well, it certainly will be this morning，”the man said, “because I happen_to_be flying it！”“啊，那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”

happen to do/be 碰巧

句型Sb. happens to do sth.可以转换成It happens that sb. does sth.，但使用时要注意复合句中从句谓语的时态要与简单句中的动词不定式的形式相呼应。

①When I went to see him, he happened to be away on holiday.

(＝When I went to see him, it happened that he was away on holiday.)

②Joseph came to borrow my skiing boards yesterday, but I happened to have lent them to my cousin last week.(＝...but it happened that I lent them to my cousin last week.)

约瑟夫昨天来借滑雪板，不巧的是我上星期借给我的表弟了。

[即境活用2]When the bridge fell down, several cars happened ______ on it.

A〃to run B．running

C〃to be running D．that they were running

答案：C

解析：句意：那座桥坍塌时，正巧有好几辆汽车正在上面行驶。happen to do 中不定式根据语境可选择不同的形式。

3〃The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn－out shoes and a_small_round_black_hat. 这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。

a small round black hat 中的hat前有三个形容词做定语，在英语中多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序是：限制词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词(nice, good, interesting, beautiful...)＋特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。我们可以用下面的一段顺口溜来帮助记忆：

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。

颜色国籍出材料，作用类别紧跟着。

①all these last few years

所有这些逝去的岁月

②some beautiful little red flowers

一些美丽的小红花

③the first beautiful white Chinese military jeep

第一辆漂亮的白色中国军用吉普车

—Probably. I know he has recently bought a ______ car.

A〃shiny black German

B．black shiny German

C〃shiny German black

D．black German shiny

答案：A

解析：考查形容词的排列顺序。

易错点拨自我完善·误区备考

1.direct/directly

(1)direct 用于具体意义，指“中途不停地，径直地”。

(2)directly 多用于抽象意义，表示“直接地”，还有“立即，马上”等意思。directly 还可用做连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。

[应用1]用direct和directly 填空

(1)___________ he came in, everyone was quiet.

(2)He went ______ to the airport.

(3)The measure affects me __________.

Directly

direct

directly

2. especially/specially/particularly

(1)especially 强调程度，意为“特别，尤其”。

(2)specially 强调目的，多指为某一特定目的而专门做某事。

(3)particularly 表“特别地，尤其地”，可以与especially 互换，但particularly 还可作“详细地，细致地”讲。

[应用2]用especially, specially, particularly 填空

(1)The doctor told the patient ___________ not to drink.

(3)Please describe the event fully and ______________.

specially

especially/particularly

particularly

高效作业自我测评·技能备考

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1〃The government called on us to stop the bird flu from spreading t_________________ the country.

2〃Floods in that country made thousands of people h________________.

3〃I think that you are f_________ to have such a good teacher.

4〃I was no longer satisfied with the life that had once c_____________ me.

5〃Y oung as he is, he has o__________ a lot of difficulties.

throughout

homeless

fortunate

contented

overcome

6〃Charlie Chaplin's _____________ (愉快的，有趣的) silent movies are still popular today.

7〃The film _________ (导演) by Chaplin was very interesting.

8〃There was nothing in the letter of _________ (特别) importance.

9〃The news that our team had won __________ (使惊讶) everyone.

10〃The pen _________ (滑落) from his hand.

entertaining

directed

particular

astonished

slided

Ⅱ.单项选择

1〃(2010·临川一中)－Stay a bit longer; it's been such ______ fun having you with us.

－Thanks, anyway. I've to get ______ early start tomorrow morning.

A〃/; the B．a; an

C〃/; an D．the; an

答案：C

解析：考查冠词。第一空因fun为不可数名词，所以不用冠词；第二空get an early start早早出发，固定用法。

2〃If he hadn't been so ______ about his food, he would be healthier now.

A〃special B．curious

C〃particular D．anxious

答案：C

解析：考查形容词辨析。be particular about “对……挑剔”，为固定搭配。

3〃______of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.

A. Convinced

B. Convincing

C. To convince

D. Having convinced

答案：A

解析：convince是及物动词“使确信，信服”，用于convince sb. of sth. 或be convinced of sth. 短语，该空做状语，应用convinced。

4〃—What will you buy for your husband's birthday?

—I want to buy a ______ wallet for him.

A〃black leather small B．small black leather

C〃small leather black D．black small leather

答案：B

解析：考查形容词的排列顺序。

5〃I don't know whether you happen ______ but I'm going to study in the USA in summer.

A〃to be heard B．to be hearing

C〃to hear D．to have heard

答案：D

解析：考查happen to do “碰巧……”，由句意可知用不定式的完成式to have heard。

6〃—How can I take the medicine, sir?

—Just follow the ______ on the bottle.

A〃information B．introduction

C〃directions D．explanations

答案：C

解析：考查名词辨析。“瓶子上的说明书”用directions。explanation解释说明；information 信息；introduction介绍。

7〃When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company ______ his Internet connection.

A〃cut down B．cut up

C〃cut off D．cut out

答案：C

解析：考查动词短语。cut off “切断”，合题意。

8〃(2010·湖北百校联考)Her irresponsible behavior ______ her father many sleepless nights.

A〃costs B．takes

C〃spends D．pays

答案：A

解析：cost“使付出努力，使做不愉快的事”，符合语意“她不负责任的行为使她的父亲夜不能寐”。

9〃(2010·甘肃天水一中)I ______ in London for many years, but I've never regretted my final

decision to move back to China.

A〃lived B．have lived

C〃had lived D．was living

答案：A

解析：“我在伦敦生活了很多年”只是对过去的一般叙述，过去的动作并没有对现在造成影响，故用一般过去时。

10〃—How do you ______ to her unkind behavior?

—Only silence.

Which of the following is wrong?

A〃answer B．react

C〃reply D．respond

答案：A

解析：react to 意为“对……作出反应”；answer 后面不接to；reply to“对……作出回答”；respond to“对……作出回答”。

11〃(2009·重庆一中)Is it high time that our society ______ those who are ______？

A〃care for; badly off

B〃cared for; bad off

C〃to care about; well off

D〃cared about; badly off

答案：D

解析：care for 照顾，喜欢；care about 关心，在乎；be well off 富裕的；be badly off 贫困的。且It is high time that...从句中应该用过去时态。

12〃Although there were so many people in the square, I could ______ my friend.

A〃pick up B．pick out

C〃make up D．set out

答案：B

13〃The old man sat in the corner, ______ along.

A〃well content to have a drink

B〃well content from having a drink

C〃quite contented having a drink

D〃to be quite contented with drink

答案：A

解析：be well content to do sth. 意为“非常满足于做某事”。

14〃He behaved naturally ______ nothing had happened to him.

A〃even if B．only if

C〃as if D．so that

答案：C

解析：考查状语从句。as if“似乎，好像”，从句中用了虚拟语气。

15〃Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A〃who B．which

C〃why D．when

答案：D

解析：when 引导的从句做occasions 的同位语。

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

Taking charge of your energy use not only saves your money, it helps to protect our environment by lowering emissions(排放) and conserving resources. There are many things you can do to save energy without affecting your comfort or convenience.

The household is a great place to start and a place where each one of us can make a big difference. So if you're looking for ways to lower your energy bill, start taking charge right here. It's

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