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Book Review of Canterbury Tales

Book Review of Canterbury Tales
Book Review of Canterbury Tales

Book Review of The Canterbury Tales

------characteristic of features’ description in the prologue Geoffrey Chaucer (c.1343-1400) was an English author, poet, philosopher, courtier and diplomat. He was born in a rich merchant family, sustaining a good relationship with the royal. He had traveled to many countries, thus experienced a lot. Chaucer is credited by some scholars as being the first author to demonstrate the artistic legitimacy of the vernacular English language, rather than French or Latin. He was also remembered as the father of English literature,especially the founder of English poetry. His works have laid a foundation of metrics and poems for the development of English poetry, also established versification based on rhyme and foot, especially the iambic pentameter in heroic couplet.Among the masterpieces he created---such as The House of Fame, The Parliament of Fowls, The Book of the Duchess---The Canterbury Tales is the best known one.

Famous for its ingenuity and wit, The Canterbury Tales is the first realism work in English literature, regarding as a major part of England’s literary heritage. It is a collection of stories, describing 30 pilgrims, in inclusive of knights, farmers, doctors, housewives, etc, who gathered in a hotel and were ready to go on pilgrimage in Canterbury. In order to release from boredom and fatigue in the traveling, under the suggestion of a hotel owner, pilgrims began to tell stories. From the exuberant Wife of Bath’s Arthurian legend to the Miller’s worldly, ribald farce, these tales can be taken as a mirror of fourteenth centuries’London society. Incorporating every style of Medieval narrative –bawdy anecdote, allegorical fable and courtly romance –the tales encompass the blend of universal human themes and individual personal detail that have fascinated readers for over 600 years. The Canterbury Tales has not been finished. According to the author’s plan in prologue, there should be 120 stories, but Chaucer had only finished 24 before his death.

The unique introduction at the beginning, as long as 860 lines, is a frame of the whole book, clarifying author’s designation and conception. It has a close relationship with every later parts of the book, while we can also view it as a respectively dependent poem. Hereby we will analyze the characteristic of features’ description in the prologue.

The prologue is actually a gallery of all walks of people. Chaucer widely selected his materials from English society of that age. Except the top of royal and the lowest slaves, we can nearly find the representatives of all social classes. Though reading the

book, we can have a better understanding and broaden our eyesight of English society in 14th century, as well as enjoy the feast of art.

The prologue is rich in content. There is the knight who has participated in no less than fifteen of the great crusades of his era; the wife of Bath who has been married five times and well practiced in the art of love; the pardoner who is associated with shiftiness and gender ambiguity; just name a few. They belong to different parts of the society, living in different background, thus had different life styles, habits and custom. They charted, joked, quarreled, and compromised; they discussed, praised, criticized, and persuaded. They adopted their particular way to present their life experience, providing a vivid series of narratives which differ in content and style.

There is a general narrator, who is full of curiosity and enthusiasm. He is an anonymous, na?ve member of the pilgrimage, who is not described. He suggests to tell stories and then organized them into the book. Each of the tales, however, narrated by different pilgrims, is told from an omniscient third-person point of view, providing the reader with the thoughts as well as actions of the characters. Therefore, there is no surprise to find that The Canterbury Tales incorporates an impressive range of attitudes towards life and literature. The tales are by turns satirical, elevated, pious, earthy, bawdy, and comical.

The narrator opens the General Prologue with a description of the return of spring. The April rains, the burgeoning flowers and leaves, and the chirping birds; piercing, engendering, inspiring and pricking, all those are of spring’s renewal and rebirth, conjure up images of conception:

Whan that Aprill with his shoures soote

The droghte of March hath perced to the roote

And bathed every veyne in swich licour

Of which vertu engendred is the flour……

(General Prologue, 1~4)

Followed by is a brief introduction to the background of the story.

“When the sweet showers of April fall and shoot, /Down

through the drought ofMarch to pierce the root, /…It happened

in that season that one day /In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I

lay/Ready to go on pilgr image and start/For Canterbury…At

night there came into the hostelry/Some nine and twenty in a

company/In fellowship, and theywere pilgrims all/That towards

Canterburymeant to ride,…”

After all the essential elements being presented, then comes the features’description, the main part in the prologue.

The narrator spends considerable time characterizing the group members according to their social positions. The pilgrims represent a diverse cross section of 14th century English society. Medieval social theory divided society into three broad classes, called “estates” : the military, the clergy, and the laity. In the portraits that we will see in the rest of the General Prologue, the knight and squire represent the military estate. The clergy is represented by the prioress, the monk, the friar, and the parson. The other characters, from the wealthy Franklin to the poor Plowman, are the members of the laity. These lay characters can be further subdivided into landowners (the Franklin), professionals (the Clerk, the Man of Law, the Guildsmen, the Physician, and the shipman), laborers (the Cook, the Plowman), stewards ( the Miller, the Manciple, and the Reeve), and church officers ( the Summoner and Pardoner). The way of division and emotional attitudes in description reflects the society’s universal understanding towards different occupations at that time. It also allows readers to catch a glimpse of the theme, something like the corruption of the church, the importance of company.

The Canterbury Tales has achieved overwhelming success in literature, which impresses readers with strong life breath, distinctive characters and the satire as well as humor. Personalities under Chaucer’s vivid description can be regarded as a miniature of English society in 14th century. Chaucer’s project to create a literature and poetic language for all classes of society succeeded, and today Chaucer still stands as one of the great shapers of literary narrative and character, while The Canterbury Tales being a masterful and highly original work.

References

Brown, Peter, ed. A companion to Chaucer. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Riverside Chaucer. Ed. Larry Benson. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987

Cooper, Helen. The Structure of THE CANTERBURY TALES. London: Duckworth Press, 1983

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2020 商务信函格式文档Document Writing

商务信函格式文档 前言语料:温馨提醒,公务文书,又叫公务文件,简称公文,是法定机关与社会组织在公务活动中为行使职权,实施管理而制定的具有法定效用和规范体式的书面文字材料,是传达和贯彻方针和政策,发布行政法规和规章,实行行政措施,指示答复问题,知道,布置和商洽工作,报告情况,交流经验的重要工具 本文内容如下:【下载该文档后使用Word打开】 商务信函写作格式,署名即写信人签名,通常写在结尾后另起一行(或空一、二行)的偏右下方位置。以单位名义发出的商业信函,署名时可写单位名称或单位内具体部门名称,也可同时署写信人的姓名。重要的商业信函,为郑重起见,也可加盖公章。英文商务信函的书信格式 1.thetoppartofabusinessletter 日期:date:23decemberXX 地址:mr.jamesgreen salesmanager bbbplc 55-60oldst,londone66hg 称谓:dearmr.green(deargentlemen,dearsir,dearsirs,dearmadam) 2.thebodypartofabusinessletter 标题(可以不要)

正文 3.lookatthetwoendingsofbusinessletterbelow.noticetheusefulp hrasesthatareusedintheseletters. (1)pleaseletmeknowifthisisconvenience. ilookforwardtohearingfromyou. bestwishes yourssincerely, (signature) ms.gillianjanes personnelnanager (2)pleasephoneustoconfirmthedetails. welookforwardtoreceivingyourcomments. yoursfaithfully (signature) forms.gillianjones personnelmanager 中文商务信函的写作格式 如同一般信函,商业信文一般由开头、正文、结尾、署名、日期等5个部分组成。 (1)开头 开头写收信人或收信单位的称呼。称呼单独占行、顶格书写,称呼后用冒号。 (2)正文

Sample book review (1)

A Review of Once a Mouse by Marcia Brown Baoya Zhang Brown, Marcia. (1961). Once a mouse…a fable cut in wood. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. As is suggested by the title, the 1962 Caldecott Medal winner Once a mouse…a fable cut in wood by Marcia Brown falls into the category of picture story books. The book tells an ancient Indian story in which a mystical hermit, mighty at magic, rescues a wretched little mouse from the beak of a hungry crow, and later transforms it into a stout cat, a big dog, and finally a royal tiger when it is threatened by a cat, a dog, and a tiger. The mouse becomes increasingly vain as it changes into larger and larger creatures and the hermit has to turn it back to its original state when it wants to kill him. This book is what a picture story book can be. As far as the content is concerned, with the subject of the evils of pride, it is appropriate for and appealing to very young children. Textwise, the number of words on each page is kept to a minimum. It is indeed a big theme with few words. The clearly patterned plot makes the story highly predictable so that when being read to, children will actively problem-solve. For all the predictability, suspense is nevertheless abundant due to the way the text is written and arranged on the pages. Consequently children’s interest will be held from the beginning to the very end. What contributes most to the superb quality of this book, however, is the illustrations that are in perfect harmony with the text. The dramatic color woodcuts achieve a fluidity of motion rarely found in the medium. Minimal as the test is, the illustrations create so clear a story line that a preliterate child will find the story easy to follow. The bold clear designs of the principle figure, the animals, and the landscape backgrounds are well created by simple masses so imaginative in concept that the woodcuts alone are a treasure of fine art. In rich jungle colors, the story of the rise and fall of the mouse is completed and extended by the pictures. The yellow green of sun through leaves and of earth, the dark green shadows, and the red that is mixed with other colors, all are compatible to the life in a forest, and help convey the mood well. Also the occasional use of visual metaphor reinforces the drama of the mouse. And even the natural texture of the long-grained plank is preserved to add depth and interesting patterns to the dramatic illustrations and help convey the mood. Other factors that lead to the high quality of the book include its powerfully attractive jacket, a nice appropriate format and a typeface that matches the illustrations. Compared with her soft delicate drawings in curved pen lines and gouache for Cinderella, the strength and rhythm that the beautiful boldly stylized woodcuts for this book possess are just outstanding. This book deserves an honorable place in the treasure house of picture story books. It makes a great read-aloud for very young children who will definitely find great pleasure in the transformations of the mouse into ever more terrifying animals and the wonderful changes of expression on the tiger’s faces as their emotions toward each other change. But for older children, much delight will be derived from both their visual experience of the work and their discovery of the profound meaning embedded in the seemingly simple story.

汇报材料格式

汇报材料格式 111一林红叶一霜染,一场秋雨一地寒。一栏落霞一处忧~一卷诗情一夕游。 一渡飞瀑半山下~一行白鹤越峰翔。一竿怅惘一蓑远~一船离愁一帆行。 一梦十年一回首~一丝垂纶一苇轻。一枕乡思黄花瘦~一雁独行一弓惊。 乡镇、学校教育工作汇报材料基本格式和要求 一、乡镇人民政府的汇报材料 麻江县**乡(镇)人民政府教育工作情况汇报 (注:标题为方正小标宋简体二号字) **乡,镇,人民政府乡,镇,长 ***(名字为楷体) ,2011年5月28日, 尊敬的各位领导,各位督学: 大家好!今天,我们**热烈欢迎各位领导莅临我乡,镇,检查指导教育工作。首先,我谨代表中共**乡,镇,党委、乡,镇,政府各位领导的到来表示热烈的欢迎。下面,我就**乡,镇,近年来的教育工作情况作简要汇报。如有不妥之处,敬请批评指正。,注:这只是大致意思,不要全部照搬照抄。, 一、基本情况 ,简要概述本乡镇情况,含地理位置、面积、人口、民族构成及省数民族比例,本乡镇国民经济基本情况。中小学、幼儿园教职工数、与任教师数、学生数,学前入园,班,幼儿数;小学和初中入学率、辍学率,学前入园,班,幼儿比例。, 二、工作开展情况与成效 ,本部分主要写乡镇贯彻落实县委政府教育工作部署、履行教辗转异地一衫泪~曾记当年一伞轻。西子湖畔一相逢~断桥一诺金山漫。 111一林红叶一霜染,一场秋雨一地寒。一栏落霞一处忧~一卷诗情一夕游。

一渡飞瀑半山下~一行白鹤越峰翔。一竿怅惘一蓑远~一船离愁一帆行。 一梦十年一回首~一丝垂纶一苇轻。一枕乡思黄花瘦~一雁独行一弓惊。 育工作职责中的做法不成效。要提练概括出几条来分别写。如“狠抓保学控辍工作,“两基”成果得到巩固提高”,然后再分小点一条条的写采取的措施及取得成效。不必将“普及程度、办学条件、师资水平”等结果罗列出来。本版块可参照发给大家的《各乡镇人民政府履行教育工作职责迎接省对县教育考核应留存备查资料的建议》所涉及的内容来组织材料。总之,本乡镇的重大教育工作措施不成效,教育亮点不特色应尽量得以体现。, 三、存在的主要问题与下步工作打算 ,问题要略讲,属于县的问题不讲。写完打算后,最后再简要的写一小段结语,结语内容大致为希望省领导提出宝贵意见和建议,我乡镇将认真抓好整改,同时我乡镇将进一步**,为进一步促进全乡镇教育工作再上一个新的水平**。,二:一一年五月二十八日 ,成文日期处加盖乡镇政府公章, 注: 1.写好初稿后,送乡镇主要领导実定,修改完善后乡镇主要领导签处意见同意后再印装存入本乡镇的资料盒备查。同时,报一份加盖有乡镇政府公章的交督导室存档备查。 2.文字格式,请按县政府要求排布。,各乡镇党政办有, 3.正式材料于5月20前交到督导室。 辗转异地一衫泪~曾记当年一伞轻。西子湖畔一相逢~断桥一诺金山漫。 111一林红叶一霜染,一场秋雨一地寒。一栏落霞一处忧~一卷诗情一夕游。 一渡飞瀑半山下~一行白鹤越峰翔。一竿怅惘一蓑远~一船离愁一帆行。 一梦十年一回首~一丝垂纶一苇轻。一枕乡思黄花瘦~一雁独行一弓惊。

商务公函格式范文

商务公函格式范文 中国科学院××研究所关于建立全面协作关系的函 ××大学: 近年来,我所与你校双方在一些科学研究项目上互相支持,取得了一定的成绩,建立了良好的协作基础。为了巩固成果,建议我们双方今后能进一步在学术思想、科学研究、人员培训、仪器设备等方面建立全面的交流协作关系,特提出如下意见: 一、定期举行所、校之间学术讨论与学术交流。(略) 二、根据所、校各自的科研发展方向和特点,对双方共同感兴趣的课题进行协作。(略) 三、根据所、校各自人员配备情况,校方在可能的条件下对所方研究生、科研人员的培训予以帮助。(略) 四、双方科研教学所需要高、精、尖仪器设备,在可能的条件下,予对方提供利用。(略) 五、加强图书资料和情报的交流。 以上各项,如蒙同意,建议互派科研主管人员就有关内容进一步磋商,达成协议,以利工作。特此函达,务希研究见复。 中国科学院××研究所(盖章) ××年×月×日 函

函是不相隶属机关之间相互商洽工作、询问和答复问题,或者向有关主管部门请求批准事项时所使用的公文。 函作为公文中惟一的一种平行文种,其适用的范围相当广泛。在行文方向上,不仅可以在平行机关之间行文,而且可以在不相隶属的机关之间行文,其中包括上级机关或者下级机关行文。在适用的内容方面,它除了主要用于不相隶属机关相互商洽工作、询问和答复问题外,也可以向有关主管部门请求批准事项,向上级机关询问具体事项,还可以用于上级机关答复下级机关的询问或请求批准事项,以及上级机关催办下级机关有关事宜,如要求下级机关函报报表、材料、统计数字等。此外,函有时还可用于上级机关对某件原发文件作较小的补充或更正。不过这种情况并不多见。 函的特点: (一)沟通性。函对于不相隶属机关之间相互商洽工作、询问和答复问题,起着沟通作用,充分显示平行文种的功能,这是其他公文所不具备的特点。 (二)灵活性。表现在两个方面:一是行文关系灵活。函是平行公文,但是它除了平行行文外,还可以向上行文或向下行文,没有其他文种那样严格的特殊行文关系的限制。二是格式灵活,除了国家高级机关的主要函必须按照公文的格式、行文要求行文外,其他一般函,比较灵活自便,也可以按照公文的格式及行文要求办。可以有文头版,也可以没有文头版,不编发文字号,甚至可以不拟标题。 (三)单一性。函的主体内容应该具备单一性的特点,一份函只宜写一件事项。 函的分类: 函可以从不同角度分类: (一)按性质分,可以分为公函和便函两种。公函用于机关单位正式的公务活动往来;便函则用于日常事务性工作的处理。便函不属于正式公文,没有公文格式要求,甚至可以不要标题,不用发文字号,只需要在尾部署上机关单位名称、成文时间并加盖公章即可。

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