科技英语读写-方法与实践-Unit 7 debating a new technology- seeds of concern
科技英语读写——方法与实践
Reading your way into technical writing
Unit 7 debating a new technology: seeds of concern
Sentence Study（Translation）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese, or make sentences with the useful sentence patterns taken from the following sentences.
1.Are genetically modified crops an environmental dream come true or a disaster in the
making?
转基因作物是一个已经实现的环境（保护）梦还是一场正在酝酿的灾难?
2.This far-flung outrage took aim at genetically modified crops. But the protests backfired: all
the destroyed plants were conventionally bred. (Para.2)
这场广布的暴行是针对转基因作物的。但是这些抗议却产生了事与愿违的结果：所有被破坏的植物是通过传统方式培育的。
3.You can't tell, just by looking, whether pollen containing a foreign gene can poison butterflies
or fertilize plants miles away. (Para.3)
仅仅通过肉眼观察，你是不能区分包含外来基因的花粉是否会使蝴蝶中毒或者使千里之外的植物授粉。
4.Advocates of GM, or transgenic, crops say the plants will benefit the environment by
requiring fewer toxic pesticides than conventional crops. But critics fear the potential risks and wonder how big the benefits really are. (Para.4)
转基因作物或者基因改造作物的倡导者认为这些作物需要更少的有毒杀虫剂，与传统作物相比，将有利益于环境。但是，批判者担心那些潜在的风险，想知道好处究竟有多大。
5.As GM crops multiply in the landscape, unprecedented numbers of researchers have started
rushing into the fields to get the missing information. Some of their recent findings are reassuring; others suggest a need for vigilance. （para.5)
随着转基因作物种植面积的大量增加，空前多的研究者们开始涌入这个领域填补了空白。一些他们的近期研究发现转基因作物是能够让人放心的，其他研究则表明人们需要对转基因作物保持警惕。
6.Defining the environmental risks of GM crops seems even harder than calculating their
benefits. (para.11)
给转基因作物的环境风险性下定义似乎比计算他们的好处更难。
7. What are the odds that the genetically engineered traits will lose their ability to protect against insects and invasive weeds, leaving GM plants suddenly vulnerable? （para.12)
存在这种可能，即基因工程的特性将使得自身失去对抗昆虫和入侵杂草的能力，使得转基因植物变得易受攻击，那么这种情况出现的概率有多大？
8. That was the straw that broke the camel‘s back . (para.14)
这就是压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草。
9. Researchers have headed into nature themselves, measuring the toxin in pollen from plots of GM corn, estimating how much of it drifts onto plants such as milkweed and, finally, determining the exposure of butterfly and moth larvae to the protein. (para.15)
研究人员亲自下田间，测量栽种基因改造作物的玉米田中花粉的毒素，估算有多少花粉将飘落到马利筋之类的植物中去。最终测定在蝴蝶和娥幼虫所接触的蛋白毒素量。
10. The EPA estimates that the insects face no observable harm when consuming milkweed leaves laden with up to 150 corn pollen grains per square centimeter of leaf surface. (para.16)
环保局预测，即使每平方厘米马利筋叶表面有150个花粉粒，昆虫进食后也不会受到显著的伤害。
11.The weight of the evidence suggests Bt corn pollen in the field does not pose a hazard to monarch larvae," concludes EPA scientist Zigfridas Vaituzis, who heads the agency's team studying the ecological effects of Bt crops. (para.16)
环保局科学家Zigfridas Vaituzis总结到：有足够的证据表明，在田间的转基因玉米花粉不会危害君主斑蝶的幼虫。他带领研究小组探索转基因玉米的生态效应。
12. But the jury is still out. "There's not much evidence to weigh," notes Jane Rissler of the Union of Concerned Scientists. (para.17)
但是事情还未尘埃落定。“证据根本就不够”环保科学家协会的简.瑞斯乐指出。
13. The EPA, he added, continues to collect Bt crop data --- but so far without evidence of "unreasonable adverse effects" on insects in the field. (para.18)
他补充说，环保署会继续搜集数据，但是目前远没有证据显示这类农作物会对野外的昆虫造成“意想不到的恶果”。
14. But worrisome anecdotes have appeared. Canadian farmers, in particular, have described GM corn escaping from farm fields and invading wheat crops like a weed. (para.20)
然而令人担心的事情还是出现了，尤其是加拿大农人，他们说转基因玉米已经溜出农田，侵入小麦田就像野草般一样。
15. Every GM crop, Power cautions, brings its own environmental personality and its own risks. (para.22)
包尔警告说，每一种基改作物都有其独特的环境性格，独特的风险。
16. most plants can pollinate others only if the recipients and the donors have certain features in common, such as the same chromosome number, life cycle or preferred habitat. (para.23)
大多数植物要相互授粉，彼此之间必须有些共通之处，例如相同的染色体数目、相同的生命
周期或适合的栖地。
17. Indeed, scientists say, GM crops in many countries could end up growing near their ancestral plants --- and sharing more than the sunshine overhead. “
的确，科学家认为，在许多国家，基改作物最后都可能栽种在它们的原始物种附近，它们共享的可不只是头顶上的阳光。
18. Agriculture is an evolutionary arms race between plant protections and pests, (para.25) 。
农业，是农作保护与病虫害两者之间不断演进的军备竞赛。
19. Maybe the genes will alter the functioning of a plant in ways that make its food component less nutritious or more prone to carrying elevated levels of the natural poisons that many plants contain in small amounts. （para.30)
也或许植入基因会通过各种方法改变作物的生理功能如：使食物营养成分降低，或者更可能携带高剂量的天然毒素，这些毒素原本在植物中的含量较少。
20. .The manufacturers' studies typically begin by comparing the GM version under consideration with conventionally bred plants of the same variety, to see whether the addition of a foreign gene significantly alters the GM plant's chemical makeup and nutritional value.
制造商的研究通常是一开始就比较同一品种的基改作物样本和传统种植样本，以确定外来植入的基因是否会明显改变作物的化学组成与营养价值。
21. To assess the allergy-inducing potential, scientists check the chemical makeup of each novel protein produced by the genetically altered plant against those of 500 or so known allergens; having a similar chemistry would raise a red flag. (para.35)
为了评估基改作物引发过敏的可能性，研究人员检验了该基因改良植物所产生的每一种新的蛋白质物质组成，并与已知的五百多种过敏原比对；若是与其化学结构类似，就有引发过敏的可能。
22. At issue is the possibility that resistance genes might somehow jump from GM foods to bacteria in a consumer's stomach, thereby aggravating the already troubling rise of antibiotic resistance among disease-causing bacteria. (para.38)
目前尚在讨论中的是，如果万一基改食品的抗药基因以某种方式就进入消费者肠道里的细菌中，那么就会增加这些本就令人不安的细菌的抗药性——这无疑会使问题雪上加霜。
23. No doubt concerned scientists and citizens will continue watching to see that they do so. (para.40)
毫无疑问，关心此事的科学家与市民将会继续监督，直到他们做好为止。
新视野大学英语读写教程第二册(1到10单元全部)汉译英答案
汉译英： Unint 1 1. 她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 2.他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling him the truth. 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释? (account for) How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4.他们利润增长部分的原因是由于采用了新的市场策略。(due to) The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into) We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unint 2 1.尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 2.迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 3.坐在他旁边的哪个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。(next to; by no means) The man sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 4.他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 5.经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。(count on) The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. ６.这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.) This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. Unint 3 1.你再怎么有经验, 也得学新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 2.还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。 There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there. 3.由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。
【Selected】研究生英语读写译教程-Marriage原文翻译及课后答案.doc
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first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides and equally important too moreover besides in addtion finally 2)表转折； by contrast although though yet at the same time but despitethe fact that even so in contrast nevertheless even though for all that notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of on the other hand otherwise instead still regardless 3)表因果； therfore consequently because of for the reason thus hence due to owing to so accordingly thanks to on this account since as on that account in this way for as a result as a consequence 4）表让步： still nevertheless concession granted naturally in spite of all the same of course despite even so after all 5)表递近： furthermore moreover likewise what is more besides also not only...but also... too in addtion 6)表举例： for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point 7)表解释： as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words
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研究生英语读写佳境U23579精编版
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科技英语表达常用句型培训资料
2．“完成”、“达到”、“实现”等的表示法 常用的动词有： accomplish 完成 achieve 完成；达到finish 结束，完成 attain 达到；完成fulfil(l) 履行；执行；完成 carry out 执行；进行；实现perform 执行，完成 complete 完成；结束reach 达到 do 实行；完成realize 实现 effect 实现；达到proceed 进行常用名词有： accomplishment 完成 achievement 完成，达到fulfil(1)ment 实现，完成；达到 attainment 达到，完成performance 执行，完成 completion 完成，结束realization 实现 4．“优点”、“好处”、“益处”等的表示法 常用词语有： advantage 优点，好处 benefit 好处；利益excellent/good/outstanding merit 优点；长处features 优点；优异的特点 profit 益处；得益virtue 优点，长处 goodness 优良，优势good qualities 优点 superiority 优越性strong points 优点
accord 符合，一致be in agreement with … agree 符合，一致be in accord with … 与……相一致（符合）coincide 一致，相符be in conformity with … conform (使)一致，（使）符合be consistent with … correspond to …符合于…bring … into correspondence with …使…与…一致起来 常用的名词有：常用的形容词有： accord 一致，符合consistent 一致的，符合的agreement 符合，一致accordant 一致的 coincidence 符合，一致conformable 一致的，符合的correspondence 符合，一致corresponding 一致的，符合的 6．“让步”的表示法 常用词语有： although／whereas／while／whilst 虽然 in spite of／despite尽管，虽然 in spite of the fact that …虽然 irrespective of／regardless of …不论，不管 no matter+疑问词(how，what，when，where等)无论… whatever 无论什么，不论什么 whichever 无论哪个 whenever 无论何时 wherever 无论在哪里 whether … or …不管…还是… even if／even though 即使 however + adj. / adv. 无论怎样 adj. / adv. + as 尽管，虽然 in any case 无论如何 常用词语结构有： appear / seem + to V 看来，似乎 appear / look / seem + like + NP 看来像…，看来是…的样子 look + as if / though …看来好像… It appears / looks／seems + as if/though．．．看来好像(仿佛)… It appears / seems + that …看来…
大学英语读写教程4
新视野大学英语读写教程第三册答案！带 sectionB！ 第二版新视野大学英语读写教程第三册答案 1 air-conditioned(装空调的；有冷气的) 2 handmade（手工制作的） 3 thunderstruck （非常吃惊的） 4 heartfelt（衷心的；诚挚的） 5 data-based（基于数据的） 6 self-employed（自主经营的） 7 custom-built（定制的；定做的） 8 weather-beaten（饱经风霜的） VIII 1. well-informed（对……非常熟悉的） 2 new-found（新获得的） 3 hard-earned（辛苦挣得的） 4 soft-spoken（说话温柔的） 5 newly-married（新婚的）6 widely-held（普遍认为的） 7 well-meant（出于好意的） 8 well-educated（受过良好教育的） XI 1. No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2. Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them. 3. Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4. If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5. Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6. Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. XII 1. 每当有人帮了你，无论事情大小，无论他地位高低，你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。2．蒸汽机的发明使船舶发生了变化，正如其已经改变了陆地运输一样。 3．尽管经理努力帮忙，他还是不能找到问题的根源所在。 4．这个女孩的生活天天围着哥哥转，完全明白该做什么来使哥哥高兴。 5．如果你不知道自己想要什么，你最终得到的可能都是自己不想要对。 6．吉米有他妹妹帮助他度过那些没有父亲的艰难日子。 XIII 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 D 6 A 7 D 8 D 9 C 10 B 11 B 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 D 16 C 17 A 18 C 19 D 20 A Unit 2 XI 1. The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence.
研究生英语读写译课文翻译
远与近 一个小镇坐落在铁路延绵而来的高地上，在小镇郊外，有一座白色板子搭建的整洁小屋，装饰有绿色的百叶窗。屋的一边是一个园子，被整齐地划分为一块一块，上面种着蔬菜，还有一个葡萄架，葡萄在8月晚些时候成熟了。在屋子前面有三棵大橡树，夏季橡树浓密整齐的树阴会遮住小屋。屋子另一边则是颜色明艳的鲜花丛。这整个地方，空气中都是整洁、朴素和适度的舒适。 每天下午两点过几分，两个城市间的特快列车就会通过这个地方。这时，这辆长长的列车，会为了留一个“呼吸空间”而在小镇附近停留一下，再平稳地起步前行，但这时它的速度还达不到马力全开时的速度。在引擎强有力的掣动下，列车从容地摇晃进入视野，重重的车厢压着铁轨，发出低沉的隆隆声，然后消失在尽头。在一段时间里，在草原的边缘，每隔一段距离，汽笛吼叫，喷出一圈圈浓烟，以此可以发现列车行进的痕迹。最后，什么都听不到了，除了车轮坚实的咯咯声拍子，在那个下午昏昏欲睡的时光中慢慢消失。 二十多年来，每天当列车接近小屋时，司机就会拉响汽笛。每天当听到这个信号，一个妇女就会从小屋后廊出来并向他挥手。起初她有一个孩子牵着她的裙子站在旁边，而现在这个孩子已经长大成熟了，也每天随着她的母亲一起来到后廊向他挥手。 司机长期供职，已经年老，鬓发灰白。他驾驶着他长长的列车，满载乘客上万次地通过这片土地。他自己的孩子们已经长大，结婚。并且曾经有四次他在他前面的铁轨上看到悲剧凝成的可怕小点，像颗炮弹似的射向火车头前的恐怖阴影——一辆辆满载孩子的轻型货车，上面一排惊慌的小脸；一辆廉价的汽车停留在铁轨上，上面被恐惧麻痹的人呆若木鸡；一个消瘦的流浪汉在铁轨上面游走，他过于耳背和年老，以至于无法听到汽笛声的警告。以及一个人影带着一声尖叫掠过他的窗口——所有的这些他都见得多了。他了解一个人所能了解的所有悲伤、欢乐、危险和辛劳。在忠诚的职业生涯中，他饱经风霜。而现在他虽已年老，却在所从事的工作中学习到了诚实、勇敢和谦逊这些品质，并拥有了司机们应有的崇高和智慧。 但无论他见识过多少危险和悲剧，那座小屋和那两个妇女以一种勇敢自由动机向他挥手的景象，已经印在了他的心里，作为美丽，不朽，万劫不变和始终如一的事物，纵使灾难、悲伤和过失可能打破他的生活铁律。 看到这座小屋和这两个妇女，他总能感到从未有过的非凡幸福。他在一千种光线明暗和一百种天气变化中见到过她们。通过冬天严峻而灰蒙蒙的光线，穿过地上褐色而被冰封的残梗，他见到过她们。在绿色的富有魅力魔法的四月，他见到过她们。 他感到对她们和这座小屋十分亲切，如同一个男人对他自己的孩子们一样。终于，她们生活的画面被深深地刻在了他的心里，他感觉他完全了解她们一天中每时每刻的生活。于是他决定有一天当自己退休的时候，他将去找到她们，最后和她们聊一聊，因为她们的生活已经和他自己的深深融为一体了。 这一天终于来到了。最后，司机在这两个妇女居住的小镇的车站下了车，走上月台。他在铁路上的职业生涯已经结束。他是公司一个拿养老金的人了，没有工作要去做。司机慢慢地走出车站，走入小镇的街道。一切对于他都十分陌生，就好像他从来没有见过这个小镇。他继续走着，心中越来越迷惑与不解。这真是他经过数以万次的小镇吗？这真的是他从列车的高窗里经常见到的房子吗？一切是那么陌生，不安，好像一座梦中的城市。随着不断向前走，他的内心愈发困惑起来。 现在房屋渐渐变为小镇边区散布的村落，大街也渐渐冷落成为一条乡村小路——两个妇女就住在其中一所村舍里。司机在闷热和尘埃中沉重地慢慢走着。最后他站在他要寻找的房屋前面。他马上知道他找到了正确的地方。他看到了屋子前高大的橡树、花坛、菜园和葡萄架，以及更远处那铁轨的闪光。
华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库
2018<科技英汉互译教程>上篇期末考试范围 P.23例2 This type of spring is extensively used in electrical instruments, and deserves special consideration. 这种弹簧广泛应用于电工仪表中，因此值得专门考虑一下。 P.24 例3 If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive. 如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。 例7 Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away. （如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。 这种句式中，祈使句表示条件，and后面的句子表示结果，可译为“如果……，就……”，或者“……就”。 P.25例12 In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. 换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖握、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。 例14 The solar wind grossly distorts the earth's magnetic field, dragging it out to a long tail. 太阳风使地球磁场的形状发生很大的变化，将它向外拉牵，扯出一条长尾。 译文中将分词短语译成了动词并列式分句（或后续分句），即在一个主语下使用两个或两个以上的并列动词，用逗号隔开。 P.26 例17 The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction. 用滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦，会大幅度减少摩擦力。 例20 An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best acquired from the study of a representative particular science. 要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。 P.27 例23 The moon is a world that is completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth. 月球完全是一个毫无生气的世界，是一片多山的不毛之地。在酷热的白昼，太阳向它倾泻着无情的烈焰，而浸长的严寒却远远不是我们在地球上所能体验到的。 原句中含有4个分句：由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰a world；介词on+关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰a world的同位语a sterile mountainous waste；关系副词where 引导的定语从句，也修饰a sterile mountainous waste；so…that引导的结果状语从句。 例24 Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form. 计算机本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。
新视野大学英语1读写教程
新视野大学英语1读写教程 Unite 1 一、Words in use 选词填空 Explore（v. 勘探，探测）transmit（v. 传送，传递，传播）resource（n. 资源）emerge（v. 岀现，为? ??所公认）yield（v. 产生，岀产，屈从，让步）pose（v. 摆姿势，导致）assume（v. 认为，假定，假设）confiden ce（ n. 信任信赖，自信心）in herit（v. 沿袭，秉承，继承）c omprehe nsive（a. 综合的，多方面的） 1. Give n the cha nee to show his ability, he rega ined con fide nee and bega n to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocea n because some part s are very deep. 3. It was about 30 sec onds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We ofte n assume that whe n other people do the same thi ngs as we do, the y do them for the same reas ons; but this assumpti on is not always
reas on able. 5. There is widespread concern that the risi ng un employme nt may pose a ______ threat to social stability. 6. After a（n） comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich n atural resources an _____________ d a very big populati on. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enou gh food to support at least twice its present population.
实用科技英语翻译-期末考试复习题
2009-2010学年第2学期 《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the following questions related to EST Translation (30’)（2个题） 1. What’s the definition of EST (English of Science & Technology)? EST (English for Science & Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It’s believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common feature of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. 3. What are the general features of Compound Technical Terms? A. accuracy（确切性）: accurately reflect the nature of the concept B. monosemy（单义性）: one sense for one word C .systematization（系统性）:the individual technical terms in a given field should be in a specific level so as to constitute a common system D. linguistically correct（语言的正确性）: in accordance with the word-formation in the same language E. conciseness（简明性）: concise and easy to remember F. motivation（理据性）: just as the name implies, one can know the meaning of the word.
学术英语读写教程(上)Teachers' Book
Section One Reading and Writing Narrative Stories Unit 1 Love Stories Text A Appointment with Love Language Points 1.Six minutes to six, said the great round clock over the information booth in Grand Central Station. (Para. 1) Meaning: The great round clock over the information booth in Grand Central Station indicated that it was six minutes to six. said: to give particular information or instructions Example: The notice said “keep out”. 2.…his eyes narrowed to note the exact time. (Para.1) Meaning: He narrowed his eyes, in order to take a closer look at the exact time. note: to notice or pay careful attention to something Example: Please note that the office will be closed on Sunday. 3.…sustained him unfailingly (Para.1) Meaning: (The woman?s written words) always supported him. 4.He placed himself as close as he could to the information booth, just beyond the ring of people besieging the clerks. (Para.2) Meaning: He tried his best to get closer to the information booth, just at the edge of a circle of people surrounding the clerks. 5.His face grew sharp. (Para.5) Meaning: His face gradually showed a sign of nervousness and vigilance. 6.He had got hold of a New York City telephone book and found her address. (Para.7) Meaning: He had found a New York City telephone book and got her address on it. get hold of something: to find something that you want or need Example: It is almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the concert. 7.Next day he had been shipped out, but they had gone on writing. (Para.7) Meaning:Next day he had left the country by boat, but they had continued to write to each other. ship out: to leave a country by boat Example: He told Linda he was shipping out in two days. 8.I?d always be haunted by the feeling that you had been taking a chance o n just that, … (Para.9) Meaning: The thought that you had decided to write to me only because I was beautiful would continuously bother me.
科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.
翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法