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助动词

第一章、助动词be、have和do

1. Be动词的用法

(1) 助动词be和现在分词一起构成进行时或完成进行时。如：

He is reading. 他在读书。

I'll be waiting for you there then. 我到时在那儿等你。

(2) 助动词be和过去分词一起构成被动语态。如：

Is he taken good care of? 他被照顾得好吗？

They shall be punished. 他们一定要受惩罚的。

(3) 助动词be用作系动词。如：

Matthew is a teacher. 马修是个老师。

We were late today. 我们今天迟到了。

(4) 助动词be和不定式连用，可以表示下面几种情况。

表计划，只用于肯定句和疑问句。如：

We are to discuss it the following week.

我们打算下周讨论那件事。

When is the wedding to be? 婚礼什么时候举行？

表命令，只用于肯定句和否定句。如：

All junior officers are to report to the colonel at once.

全体下级军官都必须立即向上校报到。

Tom says I am to leave you alone. 汤姆要我不理会你。

表可能，多用于被动结构。如：

Her father was often to be seen in the bar of this hotel.

在这家旅馆的酒吧经常可见到她父亲。

Where is he to be found? 在哪儿可找到他？

表示“必须”，“应该”多用于现在式。如：

Nobody is to leave this room. 谁也不许离开这个房间。

What am I to do next？下一步我该做什么？

He's to blame. 该怪他。

表注定，多用于过去式。如：

He was to be my teacher and friend for many years to come.

在后来许多年里，他是我的老师和朋友。

The professor did not know at the time that he was never to see his native place again. 当时教授不知道他再也见不到他的故土了。

(5) 助动词be用于条件从句。如：

If we are to succeed, we must redouble our efforts.

我们要想成功，必须加倍努力才行。（are to意为“想要”）

(6) be后接going to, about to, on the point of等表示将来时间或根据计划、意图等将要发生的事。如：It's going to rain. 快要下雨了。(将来时间)

He's about to leave. 他正要走。(将来时间)

2. Have的用法

(1) 助动词have与过去分词一起构成各种完成时态。如：

I have read the book. 我读过这本书。

Kenny has left. 肯尼已经走了。

(2) 助动词have与been+现在分词构成各种完成进行时态。如：

I have been washing the clothes the whole morning.

整个上午我都在洗衣服。

Lambert has been working as a worker here for nearly five years.

兰伯特一直在这里当工人，几乎有五年了。

(3) 助动词have构成had better, had best, had rather等词组。

Had better和had best是“最好还是……”或“还是……好”的意思。在had better中，had不表示过去时间，不能用have或has代替。had better 后可接不带to的不定式或接进行式、完成式或被动语态。had better 的否定式是had better not。如：

You had better stay at home．你最好呆在家里。

You'd better have had that experience before.

假如你以前有过那个经验就好了。

You'd better not run the risk. 你最好不要冒那个险。

(4) 补充

Have还可用作使役动词和实义动词(表示”有”,”吃”等意义)。如:

They have had the problem solved.

他们让其他人解决了这个问题.(使役动词)

Bad news has wings. 丑事传千里. (实义动词)

What shall we have for lunch? 我们午饭吃甚么? (实义动词)

3. Do的用法

(1) 助动词do, does和did用于构成否定句、疑问句和倒装句。如：

Do you understand all this? 你明白这一切吗？

Don't go yet. 先别走。

(2) 助动词do, does和did用于代替句中的主要动词，以避免重复。如：

He didn't go to the party. Neither did I. 他没有去参加晚会，我也没有去。

I do not agree. Nor does he. 我不同意，他也不同意。

(3) 用于加强语气， do， does和did位于陈述句的动词原形前， do位于祈使句中的动词原形前。如：Do have another cup of coffee before you go.

走前请一定再喝一杯咖啡。

That's exactly what he did say. 他就是那样说的。

But I do want to go. 可是我确实想去。

(4) 在一些以否定副词如never, rarely, scarcely, only等为首的句子中，如果实义动词是现在时或过去时，助动词do和did可以构成主谓倒装。如：

Never did I tell him about that. 我从来没有告诉过他那件事。

Rarely does it snow in the South. 南方很少下雪。

英语语法考点系列之助动词用法

外教一对一https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa11936659.html, 英语语法考点系列之助动词用法助动词，顾名思义就是帮助动词完成疑问及否定的，这些助动词一般没有词义，主要是为了构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等，或构成疑问及否定形式。英语中的助动词有下面这些： (1)be, am, is, are, was, were, been, being (2)have, has, had, having (3)shall, will, should, would (4)do, does, did 由连系动词am，is，are构成的句子变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。由情态动词can, may, will ，shall等构成的句子变一般疑问句时把 can, may, will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can, may,后面加not即可. 由行为动词构成的句子需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。例如: 肯定句: Theyplay football after school. Heplays football after school. 一般疑问句: Do they play footballafter school? Does he play footballafter school? 否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school. 画线提问: 对they/he提问: Who plays football after school? 对play football提问: What do they do after school? What does he do after school? 对after school提问: When do they play football? When does he play football?

完整word版Be动词助动词练习题

小学英语Be动词、助动词、人称代词主宾格练习一、选择括号里的词的恰当形式填空。 1、There _________(be)some water in the glass. 2、_______(be)Tom ___________(read) a book now? 3、Please pass_____(we) the ball. 4、When _________ (do) your father usually _________ (go) to work? 5、How old __________ (be)you last year? 6、Which dog ________ (be) yours? /Ten and two ________ (be) twelve. 7、Where ________(be) your friends yesterday? 8、I will give the presents to________(they). 9、Lily is taller than (I)./ Put the desk between (he) and (I). 二、选择填空： 1、My brother ____ a teacher. He ____ his pupils very much. A. is, like B. is, likes C. are, likes D. are, like 2、_____ you go to school by bus? A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does 3、When _____ your birthday? D. does C. do B. is A. are 4、Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon? A. are B. is C. be D. / 5、What ______ they _____ on Saturdays?

be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解(基础篇)第一讲

be 动词、助动词、情态动词讲解（基础篇） 1、用单数，反之用复数。 ◆ 句中含有be动词时：肯定句：主语＋be ＋其他否定句：主语＋be ＋not ＋其他一般疑问句：Be ＋主语＋其他＋？特殊疑问句：疑问词(what / who / when / where)＋be ＋主语＋其他＋？ I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall. There are two books on the table. ★ be 动词用法歌：我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be 后not 莫忘记；疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be 动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。她个子很高。她在教室里。她是一个高个子的女孩。 2、助动词的用法。英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语+ 谓语+ 其他” 。 ①主语为I 或复数名词、代词时：肯定句：I / We / They / The students

＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定：主语＋don't ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We don't watch TV every night. 一般疑问句Do + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Do you watch TV every night? Yes, we do. / No, we don 't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ do + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ How often do you watch TV? ②主语为单数名词或代词时：肯定句：主语+ 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他+ 。 He watches TV every night. 否定句：主语+ doesn't+动词原形+其他+。 He doesn't watch TV every night. 一般疑问句：Does + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Does he watch TV every night? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn 't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ does + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ How often does he watch TV? ★主语为单数或不可数名词，谓语要用单数第三人称，反过来，看见动词用了单数第三人称，可以推知主语是单数或不可数名词。 ( )1. How __ ______ your dad help at home? A. do B. does C. is ( )2. ______ goes bad easily in summer. A. Milk B Apples C. Cakes ③过去时的句式（当句子时态为过去时时，动词用过去式，不受主语单复数的影响）肯定句：主语+ 过去式+ 其他+ 。 He / We got up early every morning last year. 否定句：主语+ didn't + 动词原形+ 其他+ 。 He / We didn't get up early every morning last year. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Did he / you get up early every morning last year? Yes, he

新初中英语语法知识—动词的全集汇编

一、选择题 1．________he_______big________? A．Does; has; foot B．Does; have; feet C．Do; have; foots 2．The strawberries delicious. You can have a try. A．eat B．drink C．taste D．sound 3．My parents don’t_______me eat_______junk food. A．like; too many B．want; too much C．ask; too many D．let; too much 4．Lucy and I ________ good friends. A．am B．is C．are 5．—Let’s _________ the library this afternoon. —Sorry, I want _________ my grandfather. A．go to;to meet B．go to;meeting C．to go to;to meet 6．I think the music is great , and it is worth________ A．to listen B．to listen to C．listening D．listening to 7．A number of visitors ________visiting our school. The number of them________ about 180. A．is;are B．are; is C．is; is D．are; are 8．I tried to make the baby ________by singing, and that worked well at last. A．stop crying B．to stop crying C．stop to cry D．to stop to cry 9．—How much ________ this pair of shoes? —Five dollars. A．am B．is C．are D．be 10．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 11．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 12．—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A．does B．do C．is D．are 13．—Where_______you come from? —I______from Japan A．are; am B．are; come C．do; come 14．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 15．—Would you like to try some pizza? —Yes, please. It lovely and nice. A．sounds, sees B．looks, smells C．hears, turns D．sounds, watches 16．— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms.

(完整版)助动词用法及练习

be动词，情态动词，助动词do/does的用法区别及练习助动词，顾名思义就是帮助动词完成疑问及否定的，本身没有什么含义。主要的助动词有be,do,will,have等，其用法详述如下：一、⑴由连系动词am，is，are构成的句子：变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如：肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: Is he a student? 否定句: He is not a student. 画线提问: 对he提问: Who is a student? 对a student 提问: What is he? (2)was 是am,is的过去式，were是are的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。二、(1) 由情态动词can, may,will ，shall等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句: Can she swim? 否定句: She can not swim. 画线提问: 对she提问: Who can swim? 对swim提问: What can she do? （2）could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。三、（1）由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。 play-----do plays-----does 例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school. 一般疑问句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school? 否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school. 画线提问: 对they/he提问: Who plays football after school? 对play football提问: What do they do after school? What does he do after school? 对after school提问: When do they play football? When does he play football? （2）did是do和did的过去式，变一般疑问句时把did放在句子前面. 变否定句时把didn’t 放在动词的前面, 要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词都要变回原型。

英语语法体系

英语知识点一、词汇二、听力三、口语四、写作五、语法英语基础语法体系对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。一、英语动词的时态（一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异：英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。（二）英语动词的形式：英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单

数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。动词过去式和过去分词，大多数是动词原形+ ed 构成，这是规则动词。规则动于发现不规则中的规则，即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如：weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept 英语动词所表示的动作在以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态：一般、进行、完成和完成进行。因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。

be动词与助动词的用法

be动词与助动词的用法 1.陈述句:be动词第一人称用am,第二人称用are,第三人称单数用is复数用are. 助动词do一般省略,直接用动词,注意动词时态和人称变化.有时在动词前加do,表示强调,加强语气.如:Do be quiet! 2.疑问句:be动词直接提前,其他部分不变(由陈述句转变).助动词do同样,由省略直接提前放置,后面动词不变,注意do的时态和人称变化. 3.否定句:be动词和助动词do后面加not. be作助动词用的形式如下： ①am, is, are, was, were ②助动词+be：shall be, will be, can be, etc. ③have/has/had + been（完成时） ④am, is, …being（进行时）（1）表达进行时态句型be + V-ing…（进行时态）例：What are you reading? （你正在阅读什么？） I am reading a magazine. （我正在阅读杂志。）例：He will be taking a walk in the park at this time tomorrow morning. （明天早晨此时他将会正在公园散步。）例：She has been teaching English in our school for years. （她已在我们学校教英语许多年了。）解说第一例句是表达现在进行时，第二例句是将来进行时，第三例句是现在完成进行时。（2）表达被动语态句型be +p.p. …（被动语态）例：English is spoken in both Canada and the United States. （加拿大和美国都讲英语。）

助动词语法

汉语中只有助词，而没有助动词。这又是英汉两种语言的一大差别。英语的助动词，就是起辅助作用的动词，本身没有独立的词义，不能单独做谓语，在句子中只起语法作用，和实意动词一起构成谓语（叫复合谓语），表达否定，疑问，时态，语态和其他语法关系。其基本形式和作用如下表：（一）助动词be的用法 1、跟现在分词构成各种进行时态： They are playing war games with toy guns and toy tanks. 他们正在用玩具枪和玩具坦克玩战争游戏。 We were playing video games on TV last night. 昨晚我们在电视上玩电子游戏。 2、跟过去分词构成被动语态： He’s not respected by the press. 他们不受报界的尊重。 We were taught how to use a computer last year. 去年教过我们怎样用计算机。（二）助动词have的用法 have后面跟过去分词构成各种完成时态: We’ve known each other since three years ago. 我们从三年前就认识了。 He’s been to Shanghai. 他去过上海。（三）助动词do的用法 1、帮助构成实意动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问式和否定式： Do you know John? 你认识约翰吗？ Mary didn’t come to see me yesterday. 玛丽昨天没来看我。 You like this picture, don’t you? 你喜欢这张画，不是吗？ 2、代替前面已经提到过的动词，避免重复： Do you smoke? ？Yes, I do. 你抽烟吗？-是的，我抽。 I smoke. So does he. 我抽烟。他也抽。 He doesn’t like it. Neither do I. 他不喜欢，我也不。 They went swimming yesterday. So did we. 他们昨天去游泳了。我们也去了。 3、帮助加强谓语动词的语气： I do like you. 我真的喜欢你。 She/He does like you. 她/他确实喜欢你。 She/They/We did go swimming yesterday. 她/他们/我们昨天确实去游泳了。 If you do know, answer me in a loud voice so that all may hear. 如果你的确知道，就大声回答我，以便大家都能听见。 be, have, do 都能做实意动词用： These are computers. 这些是计算机。 We’re having breakfast. 我们正在吃早饭。 I did some washing last night. 我昨晚洗了衣服。

be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解(基础篇)第一讲

be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解 (基础篇) 1、be动词的用法。英语中，be动词选用单数还是复数，要由主语来定，主语是单数，就用单数，反之用复数。 ◆ 句中含有be动词时：肯定句：主语＋be ＋其他否定句：主语＋ be ＋ not ＋其他一般疑问句： Be ＋主语＋其他＋？特殊疑问句：疑问词（what / who / when / where）＋ be ＋主语＋其他＋？ I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall.

There are two books on the table. ★ be动词用法歌：我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记；疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。她个子很高。她在教室里。她是一个高个子的女孩。 2、助动词的用法。英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。 ① 主语为I 或复数名词、代词时：肯定句： I / We / They / The students ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定：主语＋don’t ＋动词原形＋其他＋。

be动词-情态动词及助动词用法

七年级英语双休日作业班级：姓名：等级英语句型变化总结练习 1、含有be动词am，is，are构成的句子：变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如：肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: a student? 否定句: He a student. 肯定句：We are from China. 一般疑问句: from China? 否定句：We from China 2. 由情态动词can, may, should等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可. 变否定句时直接在can, may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句:she swim? 否定句: She swim. 3. 由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时在主语后面加don’t / doesn’t , 谓语用动词原形。例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. 一般疑问句: play football after school? 否定句: They football after school. 肯定句：Tom watches TV every day. 一般疑问句: Tom TV every day? 否定句: Tom TV every day.

注意：变否定句时相关词的改变肯定句变否定句时，除将谓语变为否定式外，句中其他词语也可能随之改变：如将some改为any，too和also改为either，and改为or等：There are some birds in the tree. 树上有些鸟。 →There aren’t ______ birds in the tree. 树上没有鸟。 He likes the book, too. 他也喜欢这本书。 →He doesn’t like the book, ______. 他也不喜欢这本书。He likes singing and dancing. 他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 →He doe sn’t like singing ______dancing. 他不喜欢唱歌也不喜欢跳舞。补充练习：根据句后括号内的要求，填入句中所缺的词： 1. I know the answer. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ know the answer? 2. We can see some birds. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ see ______ birds? 3. There is a computer in the house. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ a computer in the house? 4. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ any flowers on the teachers’ desk? 5. There are some apples on the tree. (否定式) There ______ ______ ______ apples on the tree. 6. I think he is old. (否定句) I ______ think he ______ old.

助动词

助动词定义动词表示动作形态，但英语里有些动词并不表示动作形态，而是协助主动词表示时态（tenses）或语态（voices）。这些动词叫助动词（auxiliary verbs）?英语中助动词主要有三类： ?一是基本助动词，如have, do, be, shall, will ； ?二是半助动词, 如be about to等 ?三是情态助动词，如may, must, need等。基本助动词 ?助动词可表示动词时态和语态,构成疑问句和否定句,例如 “have, has, had”用来构成完成时态；“be, is, are, am, been, was, were, being” 构成被动语态 ?What do you do every day? ?Betty has completed her work on time . ?Jason is writing a new book. ?A rat was caught by a cat. ?构成反意疑问句，如： ?Mr. Chen has not become a businessman, has he? ?Jason's lectures are clear and easy-to-understand, aren't they? ?构成简短答语，如： -Will you help us with the gardening? Yes, I will. /No, I won't. -I have seen that film before. -So have I. -William isn't a teacher. -Neither is his wife. ?构成省略句，如： The boss doesn't often come to the factory and when he does, it is generally on Sunday. 半助动词 ?在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间的一类结构，称为半助动词。常见的半助动词有be about to, be due to, be going to, be likely to, be bound to, be obliged to, be supposed to, be willing to, have to, seem to, be unable to, be unwilling to等。它们可与主动词搭配构成复杂动词词组并表示情态意义，有时也可与助动词搭配,例如:

be动词,一般动词和助动词

be动词、一般动词和助动词一、be动词、一般动词的现在式（1）be动词的现在式—am/are/is a.是（表状态） We are happy.—我们很高兴 b.在（表存在） She is in America.—她在美国含be动词（am/are/is）的肯定句变成否定句时，在be动词后加not即可。肯定句：主语+am/are/is… 否定句：主语+am/are/is+not… He is a good baseball player. 他是一个好棒球员（否定句）He is not a good baseball player. = He’s not a good baseball player. = He isn’t a good baseball player. 含be动词（am/are/is）的肯定句变成疑问句时，将be动词拿到主语前，句尾加？即可。肯定句：主语+am/are/is… 疑问句：Am/Are/Is+主语…？ 1.That is his camera. 那是他的相机（疑问句）Is that his camera?

2.The girl is a junior high school student. 那女孩是初中生（疑问句）Is the girl a junior high school student? 动词开头的疑问句为一般疑问句，可用yes或no回答，而答句中的主语（问句）Am/Are/Is+主语…？（答句）Yes,主语+am/are/is No,主语+am/are/is not 1.Is that man your math teacher? Yes, he is./No,he is not. 2.Are you eating your lunch? Yes, I am./No, I’m not. （2）一般动词的现在式凡是日常生活中具体的动作，如：eat-吃饭，walk-走路及抽象的动作如：like-喜欢，think-思考…皆为一般动词 a.大部分动词加s works/plays b.一般动词词尾为o/s/sh/ch时。加es go-goes/wash-washes/watch-watches c.一般动词词尾为字音+y时，去y加ies cry-cries/study-studies have和has has为have（有，吃）的单数形式 They have a lot of money.

小学英语语法知识汇总

小学英语语法知识汇总Newly compiled on November 23, 2020

六年级英语语法知识汇总一、词类： 1、动词：行为动词、be动词、情态动词。（1）行为动词原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：（2）be动词 a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑问句Am I … Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are you/they… Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they aren’t. Is the cat fat Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。 was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。（3）情态动词 can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响） 2、名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was。如何加后缀： a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

Be动词和助动词的用法区别

1、be动词的用法。 be am / is are 现在时 was were 过去时单数复数英语中，be动词选用单数还是复数，要由主语来定，主语是单数，就用单数，反之用复数。 ◆句中含有be动词时：肯定句：主语＋be ＋其他否定句：主语＋ be ＋ not ＋其他一般疑问句： Be ＋主语＋其他＋？特殊疑问句：疑问词（what / who / when / where）＋ be ＋主语＋其他＋？ I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall. There are two books on the table. ★ be动词用法歌：我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记；疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。 2、助动词的用法。英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。 ①主语为I 或复数名词、代词时：肯定句： I / We / They / The students ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定：主语＋don’t ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We don’t watch TV every night. 一般疑问句 Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Do you watch TV every night? Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ How often do you watch TV? ②主语为单数名词或代词时：肯定句：主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他 + 。 He watches TV every night. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形+其他+。

be动词和助动词句式

1.be动词（am/is/are）主语be动词（原形）be动词（过去式） I am was He/she/it is was We/you/they are were 口诀：我用am, 你用are，is用在他她它，所有复数全用are ①肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. ②一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese?——Yes, you are. /No, you aren’t. Is the cat fat? ——Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t. Are they American?——Yes, they are. /No, they aren’t. 表示疑问，一般回答只有两种可能Yes或No，句中没有疑问词。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人/某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。

（3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。有some的要考虑是否要用any 2.助动词（do/does/did）主语助动词（原形）助动词（过去式）否定形式I/We/you/they do did don’t/didn’t He/she/it does did doesn’t/didn’t ①.Do+非第三人称单数＋动词原形…? do/don't you/they have...?—Yes, I do/No, I don’t. ②.Does+第三人称单数＋动词原形…? does/doesn't he/she have...?—Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. ③Did+所有主格＋动词原形…? did/didn't you/he/she/they go to school?—Yes, i did./No, I didn’t. 3.特殊疑问句表示疑问，有疑问词开头，回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词：What、Who、When、Which、Why、Whose、How ※What do you/they/we…+动词原形？I/They/We+动词原形… What does he/she/it…He/She/It +(动词＋S)…. What did you/they/we/ he/she/it…I/They/We/ He/She/It +动词过去式Eg:What did you do last weekend? I cleaned my room. Who cleaned my room? Your mother cleaned your room. When do you go to school? I go to school at 7 o’clock. Which one is your book? The red one is my book. Why do you like this book? Because it is funny.

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