Lisa美语笔记整理
通用：
单元音：
前元音：/i/ /i:/ /e/ /?/
后元音：/u/ /u:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /a:/
中元音：/?/ /?:/
双元音：
合口双元音：/ei/ /ai/ /?i/ /au/ /?u/
集口双元音：/i?/ /??/ /u?/
KK:
单元音：/i/ /?//?/ /?/ /ɑ/ /?/ /?//?/ /?/ /u//?//?/
双元音：/e/ /o//a?/ /a?/ /??/
DJ:
单元音：
前元音：/?/ /i:/ /e/ /?/
后元音：/?/ /u:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /ɑ:/
中元音：/?/ / ?:/
双元音：
合口双元音：/e?/ /a?/ /??/ /a?/ /??/
集口双元音：/??/ /e?/ /??/
辅音音素KK&DJ：
爆破音：/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
摩擦音：/f/ /v/ /θ/ /e/ /s/ /z/ /∫/ /?/ /r/ /h/ 破擦音：/ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ /t∫/ /d?/
鼻音：/m/ /n/ /?/
半元音：/w/ /j/
1.元音音素
/i/ /?//?/ /?/ /ɑ/ /?/ (/?/) /?/ /?/ /u//?//?/
/e/ /o//a?/ /a?/ /??/
please see meat believe
this difficult if dinner
bed men dress friend
apple man stand angry
hot topic office modern
but gun jump love
always tall bought thought
book foot pull push took
moon shoes room blue
first Thursday girl work
late gate baseball stay OK
go drove slow moment
time wild nine dining
now house ground announce
enjoy noise boys annoying
2.中性/松元音/?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ 紧元音/i/ /?//ɑ//u//?/ fool - full hot - hut steel - still bag - beg
3./i/与/?/
/i/
嘴唇向两边收紧，扁唇；舌头在口腔里向后收紧
see cheese please beat believe deceive
/?/
嘴唇放松；舌头位于正常位置，放松
if different this thing system gym
feet - fit leave - live sleep - slip these - this feel - fill steel - still eat - it beach - bitch sheet - shit
注意：主要区别不是长短而是紧松。被强调时，松元音也可变长
Wow, your house is big!
4./a/与/?/
/a/
上下张大嘴，把舌头贴在口腔底部，舌尖触碰下齿
hot father army watch
/?/
嘴唇放松；舌头位于正常位置，放松
up fun but number cousin country love son other done
/a/发音通常较长，特别是重读的名词和形容词
That’s impossible.
I love my new job.
shot - shut Don - done lock - luck cop - cup
not - nut robber - rubber
5./u/与/?/
/u/
双唇收圆，小圆唇
food moon blue true
/?/
双唇稍撅
look took shook would could should push pull
fool - full Luke - look pool - pull
6./?/
嘴角向两边拉开；上下齿高度为食指中指指尖叠加高度；舌头下贴，向后收紧。
英美发音不同：class math math class
发音通常较长，特别是名词和动词
apple angry man fat dance class dance class
Los Angeles California random answer
7./?/
上下张口，口型呈椭圆形，像鸡蛋，略撅嘴。
英美发音不同
call tall fall small always automobile August audience applaud saw law awful
He paused in the hall to talk with Paul.
The author talked to the small audience.
We all thought you bought it at the mall.
It’s awful that he always breaks the law!
He’s exhausted because he’s been walking all day long.
8./o/
滑动
post moment go flow slow show road boat soap
No, I don’t.
Don’t go.
so slow almost over
9./?//?/ 一短，一长
发音方式/?/+/r/
her teacher grammar learn heard bird first girl work worry word nurse hurt
work early learn the words early bird perfect world
10.单词重音
重读音节内的元音要读得重而长
banana Canada biology photography
句子中的重读：
确定重读单词，重读音节内的元音要读得重而长
I love my new job.
I love it.
I have to call him.
You’re really tall.
It’s hot.
Let’s go to the park.
I got a job at the hospital.
11.单词非重读音节的弱化
symb o l loc a l rec or d
句子中的弱读
Let’s meet at two o’clock.
I’d like to talk to the pilot.
Let’s meet for breakfast.
I’d love to go for a walk.
12.辅音
/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /f/ /v/ /θ/ /e/ /s/ /z/ /∫/ /?/ /r/ /h/
/ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ /t∫/ /d?/
/m/ /n/ /?/ /l/ /w/ /j/
13.发准每一个音
句子中单词的每个辅音都要发音到位。因此，我们在讲英语时要注意自己的口型probably in general seven twelve
数字练习：1-20
14.清辅音与浊辅音
/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /f/ /v/ /θ/ /e/ /s/ /z/ /∫/ /?/
/tr/ /dr/ /t∫/ /d?/ /ts/ /dz/
清辅音前的元音发音较短，浊辅音前的元音发音较长
ice - eyes back - bag safe - save pick - pig
lock - log light - lied leaf - leave cup - cub
15./θ/ /e/
舌尖位于两齿间，轻触上齿，气流由舌尖和上齿间流出
bath both math Thank you. Thursday thirsty anything healthy father mother there this soothe
16./l/
尾音/l/：释放舌头，让舌尖触碰上齿后面并停留，气流由舌头两侧流，softer and longer，要能听出清晰的音
call Bill school wall feel ill feel ill awful film awful film
little animal little animal
I’ll call you to tell you about the film.
I feel terrible about the political scandal,
I think I’ll be able to handle it by myself.
You’ll do well at school.
17./r/
舌头卷曲，不接触口腔，向后面拉
英式英语元音因素后的/r/通常不发出来
hear learn teacher German Robert Parker first person computer picture over there park
18./w/
卷起嘴唇，肺部有大量的气流流出，声带振动
wait welcome always
quick quiet question require quality liquid
19./v/
上齿轻触上唇，浊辅音
very vote five eleven seven village visit vacation November
vow - wow vet - wet vine - wine vest - west
20./s/ /z/
has is was because these those please always
books bags boys
laughs feels plays
名词复数及动词第三人称单数/s/ &/z/读法
清辅音后读/s/
浊辅音或元音后读/z/
21.停顿辅音与连续辅音
停顿辅音
爆破音/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
连续辅音
/s/ /z/ /f/ /v/ /θ/ /e/ /∫/ /?/ /?/
音节后的/m/ /n/ /l/
①爆破音后接辅音时失去爆破
②爆破音在句尾时失去爆破
不释放的/t/：位于句尾，或后接可连读外的辅音No, it’s not.
I’m not that hot.
You’re quite right.
I can’t do it.
I want that blue hat.
Robert, you might be right.
It’s not that different.
What did you eat last night?
I can’t wait for that flight.
22.当/t/处于两元音之间，听起来像轻而快的/d/，弹跳/d/
better city ability water little auto automatic metal data
Yes,it is.
I got upat eleven o’clock.
Do you want to get in or get out?
I bought itat a computer store.
What a nice day it is!
23.同一音节内，当/t/后面跟着/n/时发出en声：发/t/时，把舌头保持在上齿龈，然后直接发/n/，让气流由鼻腔流出，发出en声
written mountain certain curtain
I am certain that’s the tallest mountain.
My cotton shirt has buttons.
I have forgotten when the book was written.
Martin was born in Great Britain.
24./?/
thinking working practising interesting thing
/?/的连读
What are you thinking of?
What are you talking about?
bringing singing hanger
25./tr/ /dr/
短轻/t∫/ /d?/后接/r/
try travel tradition introduce control
dry drama drop drastic address hundred Sandra
26./t∫/ /d?/
t+u=/t∫/
d+u=/d?/
actually statue nature picture
graduate educate schedule individual
连读中的同化
/t/ +/j/=/t∫/ Why can’t you do it?
/d/+/j/=/d?/ Did you do it?
Would you like to see the schedule?
Aren’t you graduating in the spring?
Can’t you see the statue?
Did you get a college education?
27.动词过去式读法
动词以/t/ /d/结尾，ed读/id/
waited needed painted completed attended counted invited
动词以除了/t/的清辅音结尾，ed读/t/
stopped worked parked cooked passed laughed pushed watched
动词以除了/d/的浊辅音或元音结尾, ed读/d/
robbed loved realized used called played
28.节奏和语调
重读与弱读构成了节奏
29.音节重读
音节的概念
重读音节的元音发音更响亮更长(louder,longer and higher in pitch)
seat science success audiovisual urban
decade colleague female Japan Iran locatedonate detail parenthesis necessary [?n?s??s?ri] necessity
30.双音节词读音规则
90%的名词，前一个音节重读
office problem window paper building mother father
60%-70%的动词，后一个音节重读
apply agree create relax complain enjoy
同一个单词名词和动词的不同读法
record object progress insult conflict present insert recall
31.”ate”组合的单词
动词读/et/ 名词或形容词读/?t/
graduate estimate articulate
动词/et/
negotiate abbreviate calculate nominate donate
形容词或名词/?t/
delicate chocolate accurate affectionate intimate
32.后缀的重读规则
-ese 重读后缀
Chinese Japanese Portuguese
-eer重读后缀
pioneer volunteer engineer
-ique重读后缀
antique boutique critique technique
-ic重读后缀前的音节
realistic elastic electric strategic optimistic terrific pacific
从名词到形容重读的变化
origin - original industry - industrial memory - memorial finance - financial president - presidential
33.非重读音节：轻而短
madam problem symptom album
o’clock doctor photography
atom Adam
读音相同的不同单词
lesson - lessen profit - prophet seller - cellar
caller - collar 两读音不同
economy memory control contain develop Europe information commercial
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34.句子中单词重读的依据
重读单词的重读音节要louder,longer and higher in pitch
实词重读，虚词（功能词）弱读
I will be driving to the market to buy something to eat.
I will be driving to the market to buy something to eat.
实词+实词后一词通常重读
I got a new job.
Do me a favor.
See you later.
Let’s go for a walk.
Did you do your homework?
谓语+宾语宾语为代词，谓语要重读
Did you get it? ——Did you get the job?
Did you see it?——Did you see the film?
Who stole it?——Who stole my money?
Who stole the money from me?
I was washing the dishes for her.
He’s fixing the car for them.
I just got a new job.I am so excited about it. I couldn’t find one for a long time.
I’m working at the store. I’m selling women’s shoes.I started working there last week. On the first day, I was really nervous.There was so much to learn.
35.长句子朗读
根据语速，划分信息单位（意群，虚拟分组）；
确定信息单位中的焦点词（关键词），焦点词通常在信息单位的后面部分；
停顿多数发生在信息单位间，和出现焦点词的时候
I was driving to the market to get something to eat,because I was very hungry.
I was watching a movie with my friends when suddenly it started to rain.
I was watching a movie with my friends when suddenly it started to rain.
I was so tired that I couldn’t wait to get home.
I was so tired that I couldn’t wait to get home.
If I forget to pay my bill, please remind me about it.
He wants to know if you need anything from the supermarket.
Did you know it was snowing in all parts of the East Coast?
When we climbed to the top of the mountain we could see the ocean.
When we climbed to the top of the mountain we could see the ocean.
36.形容词+名词：重读名词
It’s a hot day.
You did a good job.
I have blond hair.
I’m wearing a black jacket.
I’m wearing a black blouse and a black jacket.
I have brown eyes.
I had a nice job.
I have an older brother.
I went to a party and I had a good time.
That was fast.
That was a fast flight.
I have five.
I have five dollars.
It’s old.
It’s an older film.
He’s younger.
He’s my younger brother. （younger：作形容词时，与作比较级时的读法不同）
That was great.
I had a great time.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
She has brown hair and blue eyes.
That old lady has a little dog.
My new car has four doors.
I read a good book during the long flight.
双形容词+名词：重读前一形容词和名词
big black dog
angry old man
long hot shower
现在分词作定语，与动名词不同。现在分词不重读，动名词则须重读，如：
a sleeping ‘child 现在分词不重读
a ‘sleeping car 动名词须重读
如何区分现在分词与动名词：
现在分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，也可以说现在分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系。动名词则表示其所修饰的名词的性质或用途，二者在逻辑上无主谓关系。
以以上两个短语为例，现在分词sleeping即表示其所修饰的名词child的动作，在逻辑上，child是主语，sleeping是谓语。动名词sleeping则表示其所修饰的名词car的用途，二者在逻辑上没有主谓关系。
37.名词短语和复合名词的重读：重读前一单词
eyelid eyebrow forehead earring
hair style hair color hair brush hair salon
book shelf washing machine laptop window frame
driver’s license credit card cellphone car keys chewing gum
Please give me your phone number with the area code first.
My house has three bedrooms and two bathrooms.
I got a headache from the loud rock music.
The police officer was on a motorcycle.
After their wedding day they went on their honeymoon.
Don’t put the newspaper in the trashcan.
I bought a birthday present for my roommate.
38.动词短语（动词+副词）的重读规则：重读副词
注意辨别动词+副词与不及物动词+介宾两种情况。前者副词为实词，修饰动词，须重读，如：”Put on your coat.”；后者介词为虚词，不重读，如：”I’ll look after him.”。
1. 在“动词+副词”短语中，若宾语是名词时，则该名词既可放在动词与副词之间，也可放在副词之后；若宾语是代词时，则该代词只可放在动词与副词之间，不可放在副词之后。
It's time for breakfast. Wake the boy up
It's time for breakfast. Wake up the boy.
It's time for breakfast. Wake him up.
2. 在“动词+介词”短语中，其宾语无论是名词还是代词，都须放在介词后面。不及物动词加上介词后，才能构成一个相当于及物动词的短语。
Listen to me.
Look at the blackboard.
如何判断动词后面的小品词是副词还是介词呢？
1. 介词后面必须跟名词或代词作宾语。
Look after the baby.
Send for a doctor.
副词后面可以带宾语，此时副词之前的动词一定是及物动词。
Put on the coat.或Put the coat on.
副词后面也可以不带宾语，此时副词前的动词一定是不及物动词。In spring the flowers start to come out.
2.“动词+副词”短语中的副词对动词起修饰、补充作用，而“动词+介词”短语中的介词则不起这个作用。
3.“动词+副词”短语中的副词与动词的宾语存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。而“动词+介词”短语中则不存在这种关系。如：
1）The lift takes him down.宾语him与副词down存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
2）Go down the road, you'll find the hospital. 宾语the road与介词down不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
简单来说，副词是实词，可以用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词和句子。动副词组后面能否接名词取决于动词的词性。如果前面是不及物动词，则后面不接名词，如speak aloud。
如果前面是及物动词，则后面必须接名词做该动词的宾语，该名词可以放于副词之前也可以放于副词之后，一般来说，比较长的名词词组多置于副词之后，但是代词则必须置于动词之后副词之前，如put on your coat => put it on。
这里on作为副词对动词put的方位进行修饰限制。
介词是虚词，又称前置词，用法如其名，后面必须接名词或可以代替名词的词（如代词、动名词或名词性从句等）做该介词的宾语。动介词组后面必须接一个名词，与动词无关。
如果前面是不及物动词，则构成动+介+名结构，如laugh at the boy。
如果前面是及物动词，则是动+名+介+名结构，如put the book on the desk。
可以看出来，词组最后面的名词与前面的动词无直接关系，是介词at和on所指向的目标。
I found out about it.
Can you look it over for me?
I’ll think it over and I’ll call you back.
I can’t figure out why it broke down.
When he grew up he moved out.
动词短语化的名词读法：重读前一音节
work out - workout make up - makeup check up - checkup break up - breakup
turn off - turnoff print out - printout
I wanna work out.
I had a great workout.
I’d like to buy some new makeup.
I went to a doctor to get a medical checkup.
They decided to break up.
It was a very painful breakup.
That’s a real turn-off.
I would like to print out the information.
Please give me the printout
39.人名和地名重读
两个音节——重读最后一个
South America United Kingdom
Los Angeles /l?s'?nd??l?s/ Las Vegas /lɑ:s'veiɡ?s/ Mexico City South Africa Central Park
George Washington Barack Obama [bɑ:'r?k] Julia Roberts Brad Pitt Tom Cruise 三个音节——重读最后一个
Martin Luther King John Fitzgerald Kennedy
John Wilson and Bob Jones went to South America.
Central Park is in New York.
His father likes Bob Dylan, but his grandfather likes Frank Sinatra.
Barack Obama was elected president of the United States.
Is that Julia Roberts or Nicole Kidman?
40.缩写词和数字重读
缩写词：重读后一字母，是一个整体，注意连读现象
CNN UCLA PhD ASAP PC HTML DVD CD IQ
Parker: PAR - KER
数词：重读后一数词
thirty seven ninety nine fifty eight eight hundred twelve
area code 310-555 8239
An important day in American history is July fourth, seventeen, seventy six. He was born in nineteen eighty seven.
I went to work at 9:15 and came home at 5:45.
Flight 507 left LAX at 7:25.
This CD costs $19.99.
He was born in LA in 1987.
When they got married, he was 31 and she was 29.
41.特殊重读：特别强调时的重读
This is the best ice cream I’ve ever had. 正常重读
This is the best ice cream I’ve ever had.
This is the biggest dog I’ve ever seen.
在日常交谈中通常不需要用到特殊重读
I love your new car.
——You don’t smoke, do you?
——I used to smoke.
I don’t smoke now but I used to smoke.
——You will not go there tomorrow night, right?
——I will go.
Do you speak French? Or German?
I speak French and German.
Mary made a cake for my birthday.
42.声调
陈述句、祈使句、特殊疑问句通常降调
一般疑问句通常降调
All right. All right?
Hello? Who is calling?
Hello. Nice to meet you.
I like it.
Have a nice day.
My name is Bob.
It’s cold outside.
I’m tired.
I’m hungry because I haven’t eaten all day.
I feel good.
Today is Monday.
I’m gonna go to work soon.
How are you?
How old are you?
Where do you live?
What do you do?
Where were you born?
How did you do that?
Are you hungry?
Did you eat?
高级英语pub talk and the king's english中英笔记
L3. Pub Talk and the King’s English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语) Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利) 1.Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的sociable（主题句），也是人类特有的。而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂intricate，也是称不上交际的。 1.And it is an activity only of humans. (para1) 并且它是人类特有的一种活动。 And conversation is an activity which is found only among human being． Sociable [?so???bl] adj.随和的，好交际的，友善的friendly or agreeable,eapecially in an easy,informal way(用书） intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的 Indulge: 任凭自己沉溺于……；耽于to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like,eapecially sth that is considered bad for you ----indulge in sth, indulge yourself. 例：Women do not indulge in to the same extent as men. deserve: 值得；应得 2.The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meander s or leap s and sparkle s or just glow s. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has “something to say.”Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalist s are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdote s, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go.
七年级上册英语Unit1知识点归纳总结
七年级英语上册Unit1知识点归纳总结 Unit1 Topic1 Welcome to China! 1.三种自我介绍の方式： I am +姓名 I’m +姓名 My name is +姓名 2.问候语： （1）Good morning.早上好. Good afternoon.下午好. Good evening.晚上好. Good night.晚安.（2）Hi/Hello! 你好。（用于非正式场合。） （3）Nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 回答用Nice to meet you, too. 我也很高兴见到你。(用于第一次见面) （4）Nice to see you. 很高兴见到你。 回答用Nice to see you, too. 我也很高兴见到你。(用于熟人之间の见面) （5）How do you do ?你好。 回答也用：How do you do? （用于初次见面，正式场合） （6）How are you ? 你好吗？ 回答：Fine,thanks.谢谢，我很好。（用于熟人之间询问对方身体健康状况。） 也可以回答：Fine. /I’m fine./I’m OK. 3.welcome to+地点欢迎来到某地 4.Are you…? 你是...吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I am.是の，我是。（I am不能缩写为I’m） 否定回答：No, I’m not. 不，我不是。 5.This is …. 这是... （对第三方の介绍）、 6.M r.先生（在学校内指男老师）M rs.夫人（已婚女士） M iss女士，小姐（未婚，在学校内指女老师）M s.女士（不清楚婚否）
六年级英语笔记
小学六年级语法笔记 一．英语国际音标 元音音素：（20个） 单元音：/ɑ:// ?//?:/ /?// ?://?//i:/ /?//u:/ /u/ /e// ? / 双元音：/e?//a?//??//??//e?//??//??//a?/ 辅音音素：（28个） 轻辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ 浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e//z/ 轻辅音/?/ / h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ 浊辅音/?/ / r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ 鼻音/m/ /n/ /?/ 半元音/ j/ / w/ 边音/ ?/ 同音词： sun 太阳son 儿子aunt 阿姨aren’t不是right对的write写meet遇见meat肉pair对pear梨for 为 four 四 be 是bee蜜蜂hi喂high 高的here 这里hear听see 海洋see看见I 我eye眼睛know 知道no 不 our 我们的hour 小时father父亲farther更远的week 星期 weak弱there那边their她们的too也two二to到by 乘bye 再见buy买 二．词型变化： 1．名词加复数的变化规则： 1）一般名词后加“s”: book—books
2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加 es:bus-buses,box-boxes ,watch-watches 3）以“o”结尾的名词： ①有生命的加“es” potato—potatoes 土豆， tomato—tomatoes西红柿，hippo—hippoes河马，hero—heroes 英雄,,mango—mangoes 芒果 ②无生命的加“s”：photo—photos 相片， radio—radios收 音机，zoo—zoos 动物园 4）以“y”结尾的名词： ①元音字母+y 直接加“s”：boy-boys ②辅音字母+y，去掉y，再加ies:family-families,city-cities 5）以f/fe结尾的名词，去掉f/fe,再加ves:knife—knives，leaf—leaves叶子 特殊的： ?一加，二改，三不变 ?一加：children oxen ?二改： foot-feet tooth-teeth woman-women man-men ?三不变：sheep, deer, people, Chinese, Japanese 2．不可数名词（不能在名词后面直接加“s”） bread tea rice milk chicken coffee orange pork porridge paper glue juice sugar tofu a piece of bread ,a cup of tea 有些名词以复数形式 clothes ,chopsticks ,trousers ,jeans ,pants ,scissors (be动词要用复数形式are)
人教版九年级英语单元笔记梳理
学习必备欢迎下载 Unit 1 How do you study for a test ? 一．短语。 1．向老师寻求帮助7.嘲笑 2．说的技能8 .编造 3．英语口语9 .抱怨 4．复习备考10. 处理 5．加入英语俱乐部11. 中止，中断 6．犯错误12. 听磁带 二．同义词。 1 Look up 2. unless 3. regard… as 4. with the help of 5. be angry with 6. not … at all 7. improve 8. laugh at 三．重点词。 1. a good way 2. the best way 3. have trouble 4. one of 5. look them up 6. too much 7. decide 8. practice 9. friend (adj) (n) 10. happy (反义词) 11. easy (adv) 12. success (v) (adj) 13. help (adj) 14. suggest (n) 15. noise 16. end up (in) Voice end up with sth Sound 17. important (反) (n) 18. different (adv) (n) 19. 四．重点句型 1. It’s too hard to understand the voice. 2. Joining the English club was the best way to improve her English. 3. Studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. 4. Why don’t you join the English club to practice speaking English. 5. The writer found learning English difficult. 6. It wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher. 7. How do you study for a test? -- I study by working with a group. . Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark. 一．短语 1过去常常2一直 3令某人吃惊的是4即使，尽管 5注意，留心6支付得起 7为…付款8做决定 9几乎不10 在过去 11日常生活 二．同义词 1. be interested in 2. afford to 3. In the end 4. take pride in 5. One day 6. walk to school 7. hold on 8. go to bed 9. Not … any more 10. not … any longer 三．重点词 1.so many so much 2.spend take pay cost 3.give up 4.(效力于) the swim team / the soccer team. 5.踢足球弹钢琴 6．In the front of In front of 6.seem 7.die ( n ) ( adj ) 8.day ( adj ) 日常生活 9.much / even 四．重点句型 1. I go to bed with my bedroom light on. 2. My daily life has changed a lot in the last few years. 3. He is one of the best students in his class. 4. 含used to 的句型： 肯定句： 否定句： 一般疑问句： 5. be used to
高级英语 Face to face with Hurricane Camille中英笔记
Face To Face With Hurricane Camille 迎战卡米尔号飓风 约瑟夫.布兰克 1John Koshak,Jr., knew Hurricane Camille would be bad. Radio and television warnings had sounded throughout that Sunday. Last August 17, as Camille lashed northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico. It was certain to pummel Gulfport, Miss., where the Koshaks lived. Along the coasts of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, nearly 150,000 people fled inland to safer ground. But like thousands of others in the coastal communities, John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family—his wife, Janis and their seven children, aged 3 to 11—was clearly endangered. 小约翰。柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时，收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。柯夏克一家居住的地方一—密西西比州的高尔夫港——肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃，除非等到他的一家人一—妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打 pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打 2 Trying to reason out the best course of action, he talked with his father and mother, who had moved into the ten-room house with the Koshaks a month earlier from California. He also consulted Charles Hill, a longtime friend, who had driven from Las Vegas for a visit. 为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策，他与父母商量过。两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来，住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理希尔的意见。 course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法 reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径 例：Let's reason this out instead of quarrelling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案 3 John, 37—whose business was right there in his home (he designed and developed educational toys and supplies, and all of Magna Products’ correspondence, engineering drawings and art work were there on the first floor)—was familiar with the power of a hurricane. Four years earlier Hurricane Betsy had demolished his former home a few miles west of Gulfport (Koshak had moved his family to a motel for the night). But that house had stood only a few feet above sea level. “We’re elevated23 feet,” he told his father, “and we’re a good 250 yards from the sea. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. We’ll probably be as safe here as anyplace else.”
新人教版八上英语Unit3笔记
新人教版八上英语笔记 Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 一课文短语 1.(1) any other student其它任何一个学生(any other +单数) (2) many other students许多其它学生（many other +复数） (3)both …and …两者都，both of them他们俩个都， (4)both两者都, neither两者都不, all (三者或三者以上)都, none(三者或三者以上)都不 (5)too many +复数, too much+不可数，much too+形=too+形 (6). too +形/副原形+ to do…太…而不能 (7). as +形/副原形+as…与…一样 (8) so +形/副原形+that，如此…以致于 (9)It’s +形+(for sb.)+ to do sth. (10) very/quite/really/pretty/so/too(太)+形/副原形 2. (1)singing competition歌咏比赛,(2)win—won, win ner获胜者,beat打败, beat sb. in sth.在某方面打败某人，(3) have fun doing, =have a good time doing,愉快地干某事，(4) The one with short hair is Tom.长着短发的那人是Tom. Which one is Lisa? 3.(1)the same as ,与…一样，be different from与…不同, (2)do the same things as me 做同样的事情与我一样, as +形/副原形+as…与…一样，look the same 看上去一样(3) be talented in music, (4)care about关心，look after照顾，care for关心,I don’t care.我不在意。(5) make me laugh, make +人+动原, laugh at 嘲笑， (6) have some things in common有一些共同的东西。(7)both …and两者都，(8)快的：fast速度快, quick动作快, soon时间快, 4.(1)relax, surprise, interest, excite , bore,句子的主语是人，这些动词加ed. 句子的主语是事物，这些动词加ing . (2)be interested in…对…感兴趣，He is interested (interest) in music . The story is interesting (interest) .(3)had better +动原，“最好干…”；had better not +动原，“最好不干某事”； (4) stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事，stop to do sth.停下来开始另一件事 5.(1)as long as只要，(2)bring out使表现出, (3) It’s +形+(for sb.)+ to do sth. (4)be similar to sth. 与…相似，(5)share everything分享每样东西, (6)in fact实际上, (7)get good grades取得好成绩, (8)less hard-working不努力的, (9)make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友，(10)should+动原, “应该干…” (11)more than+数词= over +数词，“超过，多于”，less than少于 (12)information, news消息(不可数)，(13)be good with kids/ get on well with kids 与孩子们相处好(14)be good at =do well in擅长 (15)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人干某事，如，He helps me (to)study (study) my
大一上-英语笔记整理
单词总结 Bet 1.bet (sth) (on/against sth ) to risk money on a race or an event by trying to predict the result 下赌注（于）用…..打赌 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa3234596.html,ed to say that you are almost certain that sth is true or that sth will happen 敢说八成二 词语扩展 I’ll bet 1．（表示理解）有同感当然 2．（表示不相信对方的话） e.g: “I’m going to tell her what I think of her.” “Yeah. I’ll bet.” I wouldn’t bet on it/don’t bet on it. 不大可能 e.g:”she’ll soon get used to the idea.” “I wouldn’t bet on it!”(很难说) You bet中文解释的确当然 e.g:”are you nervous?” “you bet!”(这还有说) You can bet your life/your bottom dollar （on sth/(that)…..）中文解释肯定毫无疑问 e.g: you can bet your bottom dollar that he’ll be late.（他肯定会迟到） Peer Noun 1. a person who is the same age r who has the same social status as you 身份或地位相同的人同龄人同辈 2. (in Britain) a member of the NOBILITY 英国的贵族成员 Verb (~+adv/prep) to look closely or carefully at sth ,especially when you can not see it clearly.仔细端详 Spectacle 1.spectacles 相当于glasses 2. a performance or a event that is very impressive and exciting to look at 精彩的表演，壮 观的场面 3. a sight or a view that is very impressive to look at 壮观的景象 4.an unusual or surprising sight or situation that attract a lot of attention. 奇特的景象出 人意料之外的情况 词语扩展 Make a spectacle of yourself to draw attention of yourself by behaving or dressing in a ridiculous way in public 出洋相出丑
高级英语lesson2 marrakech课堂笔记
Marrakech George Orwell 1 As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later. 2 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across （break ones way）the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried. 1.一具尸体抬过，成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上嗡嗡而起追逐过去，但几分钟过后又飞了回来。 2.一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性，没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场，从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行，边走边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木，只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上，有四个朋友抬着送葬。朋友们到了安葬场后，便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑，将尸首往坑里一倒。再扔一些像碎砖头一样的干土块。不立墓碑，不留姓名，什么识别标志都没有。坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野，恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。一两个月过后，就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。 3 When you walk through a town like this -- two hundred thousand inhabitants of whom at least twenty thousand own literally (really;真实的)nothing except the rags they stand up in-- when you see how the people live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking among human beings. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact. The people have brown faces--besides, there are so many of them! Are they really the same flesh （mankind人类）as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated（无差别的）brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects? （三个疑问句）They rise out of the earth（出生贫寒，metaphor），they sweat and starve(alliteration;) for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. And even the graves themselves soon fade back into the soil. Sometimes, out for a walk as you break your way(threaded their way) through the prickly pear(刺梨), you notice that it is rather bumpy（not even）underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons.//part1:the coprse scene 3.当你穿行也这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活，又如何动辄死亡时，你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中。实际上，这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。这里的人都有一张褐色的脸，而且，人数书如此之多！他们真的和你意义同属人类吗？难道他们也会有名有姓吗？也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。他们从泥土里长出来，受哭受累，忍饥挨饿过上几年，然后有被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。谁也不会注意到他们的离去。就是那些小坟丘本身也过不了很久便会变成平地。有时当你外出散步，穿过仙人掌丛时，你会感觉到地上有些绊脚的东西，只是在经过多次以后，摸清了其一般规律时，你才会知道你脚下踩的是死人的骷髅。
新版人教版七年级英语上下册各单元知识点总结-精编
七年级上册 Starter unit 1 1.短语归纳： good morning 早上好 good afternoon 下午好 good evening 晚上好 name list 名单 an English name 英文名字 2.必背典句： （1）Good morning! 早上好！ （2）Good afternoon! 下午好！ （3）Good evening 晚上好！ 3．英语中常见的问候语 (1)Hello! “你好！”是比较随便、不分时间的一种问候语，通常用于打招呼、打电话。 表示惊讶或引起对方注意。对方应答仍用Hello! (2)Hi! “你好！”的使用比hello！更随便，在年轻人中使用更为普遍。 (3)Nice to meet you! “很高兴见到你！”是两个初次见面、经介绍相识的人互相打招呼 的用 于。回答时可以说Nice to meet you, too.或者Me, too.表示“见到你很高兴” (4)How do you do? “你好！”用于初次见面，是非正式的打招呼用语。对方应答语应是“How do you do?” (5)How are you? 表示问候 How are you? 意为“你好吗？”，为询问对方身体状况的问候语，应答语一般是“I’m fine. Thank you. / I’m very well. Thank you. / I’m OK. How are you? 的其他用法：习惯上回答完别人的问候后，常可反问对方的身体状况，此 时可用How are you?也可用And you? “你呢？” 4.大写字母的用法： (1) 在英语中，句子的第一个单词的第一个字母都应大写。 Sit down, please. 请坐。 (2)字母I作人称代词时，意为“我”，在句中任何位置都必须大写。日常用语“OK”在句 中任何位置都大写。I’m a student. 我是一名学生。 Is everything OK? 一切都好吗？(3)人名、地名、国名、某国人或某种语言等专有名词的第一个字母都必须大写。 Lucy 露西 China 中国 Beijing 北京 Chinese 中国人 (4)表示月份、星期、重要节日的名词的第一个字母必须大写。 May 五月 Monday 星期一 New Year’s Day 元旦 (5)电影名、书名、报刊、文章的标题等中的每一个实词（如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、 数词）的第一个字母一般大写。 English Weekly 《英语周报》 (6)某些缩略词的每一个字母都必须大写。 RMB 人民币 CCTV 中国中央电视台 PK 挑战，对决 (7)表示职业、头衔和称呼的名词的第一个字母通常要大写。 Uncle Lee 李叔叔 Doctor Wang 王医生 5、字母A-H的读音及大小写、A-H的音标
动感英语笔记(201-250)
☆★《Action English》第201期★☆ 1.Movie dictionary 电影词典 Kim Basinger 金·贝辛杰 2.American slang 美国俚语 watch it当心留神 例1：Watch it! the car almost hit you! 当心！车差点就撞到你了 例2：Babies are very sensitive. You have to watch it when you play with them. 小婴儿非常敏感的，你们陪婴儿玩的时候一定要当心 3.Classic film clips 经典对白 <1> way to go干得漂亮 例1：You got a perfect grade on your English exam! Way to go . 你这次英文考试考得真棒（几乎满分），干得漂亮 例2：Yao Ming had to great season. May to go ,Yao Ming! 姚明这个赛季真棒，干得漂亮，姚明 <2> Let's not start off by point fingers (片中) point fingers 推卸责任 例1：Children often point fingers when they don't want to get in trouble. 小时候孩子们喜欢推卸责任，因为他们不想惹麻烦 例2：A：How was Bill's party last night? 昨晚Bill的舞会怎么样？ 例3：B: Oh, it was a disaster! Everybody started pointing fingers when Bill couldn't find his wallet. 嗬，很糟糕，Bill的钱包找不到了，每个人都开始推卸责任 4.Movie Tunes 原声碟 "Cuban pete" From《变相怪杰》 They call me cuban pete I'm the king of the runba beat when I play the maracas I go chick-chicky boom ☆★《Action English》第202期★☆ 1.Movie dictionary 电影词典 John Travolta 约翰特拉沃塔 2.American slang 美国俚语 cool非常好好主意 例：Cool! Your new cell phone is so small! 例：Have you seen Matrixz? 3.Classic film clips 经典对白 <1> I could use a hand我需要帮助 例：Are you busy? I could use a hand with dinner.
英语笔记整理
高分作文标志 1、是否长短句交叉； 2、用词是否恰当，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词； 3、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词； 下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项： 1.适当用被动代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. )举个经典结 尾It is ,therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. Thus， its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively. 2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。 如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词， 助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。 比如说：Other individuals, however, take the attitude that … 3. 一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的代替太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等)比如上面例子中，applicable代替proper, approaches代替ways, implement代替carry out, sharpen one’s competitive edge代替enhance one’s competitiveness(提高某物竞争力) 下面举一篇例子，给各位钻石班会员共勉！ Computer and I By Simmy I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me. exceedingly 替换 very thrilling 替换 exciting
高级英语张汉熙笔记
Unit One The Middle Eastern Bazaar Lead-in Textual Structure of the Text Detailed Study of the Text Rhetorical Devices The Middle East Generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey. The Middle East is a loosely defined geographic region; the countries listed are generally considered part of the Middle East. These Middle East countries are part of the Asian continent, with the exception of Egypt, which is part of Africa, and the northwestern part of Turkey, which is part of the European landmass. Rich in oil, linking point of three continents. Nearby five seas: Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Caspian Sea (里海) Bazaar Bazaar: A market consisting of a street lined with shops and stalls, especially one in the Middle East. ---handicraft economy, contrast to the modern society Three famous bazaars in the Middle East: The Khan Khalili Bazaar in Cairo, Egypt 埃及开罗汗·哈利利集市 The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey 土耳其伊斯坦布尔大市集 The Damascus Bazaar in Syria 叙利亚大马士革集市 China’s most busiest markets: Xiushui Street and Da Zha Lan in Beijing 北京大栅栏和秀水街 References “The history of Middle East” (Mesopotamia Civilization, Civilization of Ancient Egypt, Middle East Wars) “The Bible—Old Testament” (the first half of the Christian Bible) “Talmud”塔尔穆德(犹太法典) (the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism) 犹太法典中的几句箴言 有四种人，一种人说：“我的是我的，你的是你的。”这是平凡人；一种人说：“我的是你的，你的是我的。”这是庸俗人；一种人说：“你的我的全是我的。”这是邪恶人；一种人说：“我的你的全是你的。”这是敬虔人。 上帝不以男人的头创造女人，因为女人不可支配男人；但也不以男人的脚创造女人，因为女人不可成为男人的奴隶；而以男人的肋骨创造女人，因为要她永远贴近他的心。 20岁不潇洒，30岁不成业，40岁不富有，50岁不幸福，那一辈子就完了。 Section I (Para 1) 3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.