自考《英语二》2013年10月真题解析

2013 年10 月真题解析2013 年10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷真题解析（课程代码00015）本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，满分100 分，考试时间150 分钟。第一部分为选择题。

考生必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂作答。

第二部分为非选择题。

第一部分选择题

一、阅读判断（第1—10 题，共10分）

短文后列出10个句子，根据短文内容判断每个句子。A是正确，B是错误，C是文中未提及。

Farms Appear in Cities

When you hear the word “farm ”, you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops. But scientists say the farms of the future could be built in tall buildings in some large cities.

It may be difficult to believe, but in fact, the technology for growing crops in doors already exists.

Farming in the city is already happening. Some vegetables are already grown in greenhouses. Even the

scientists at the South Pole research station can enjoy fresh vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse.

Experts say indoor farming solves many problems. First, traditional farming takes up a lot of land.

Growing crops in tall buildings —called vertical farming （垂直农业）—can solve the problem. Also,

fruits and vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and weather.

Though vertical farms don ' t exist yet, experts have created a plan for recycling in such farms. The water from indoor fish ponds would be used to water crops. Gases from crop waste would be used to heat the building. Waste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy.

But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. They say it can be difficult to control climate conditions indoors. Besides, Plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. For example, some plants like warm, sunny weather, but other plants prefer cooler temperatures.

That 's not to say these difficulties won't be overcome —but it will take time. Most experts suggest

it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created.

【参考译文】农场出现在城市里（城中农场）当听到“农场”一词，你可能联想到乡下的母牛和庄稼等等。但科学家说，未来的农场可能会建在一些大城市的高楼里。

此事可能难以置信，可是事实上，在室内种庄稼已经存在了。城市里的农场已经出现，某些蔬菜已经在温室里生长。甚至在南极科考站，科学家们能享用他们在温室里自己栽种的新鲜蔬菜。

据专家们说室内农场可以解决许多问题。首先，传统农场占据大片土地。在高楼里种庄稼（称之为垂直农业）可以解决此问题。再者说，水果和蔬菜室内种植不会受到害虫和气候的威胁。

尽管垂直农场尚未成为现实，但是专家们已经在一些农场创建了再循环计划：把室内养鱼池的水用于浇灌农作物，把来自于农作物的废气用于建筑物的供热，来自于鸡和猪的粪便重新利用作为能源。

但是专家认为垂直农业并不是一件容易的事。他们说，控制室内气候环境是困难的。除此之外，植物对气候和光照需求有差异。例如，一些植物喜好温暖、阳光普照的气候，但另一些植物更喜欢较凉爽的温度。

并不是说这些困难不能克服——但是这将需要花时间。大多数专家指出，建立起第一个垂直农场可能需要五年到十五年的时间。

word “farm ” may m ake you think of the countryside.

Given

[ 答疑编号0101]

【答案】A

【解析】从第一段you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops 可知，当提到“农场”这个词就会使你联想到乡村。

is still a dream for people to grow crops indoors.

Given

[ 答疑编号0102]

【答案】B

【解析】从第二段in fact, the technology for growing crops in doors already exists. Farming in the city is already happening.

可知，在室内种植不仅仅是个梦想。

at the South Pole research station live a hard life.

Given

[ 答疑编号0103]

【答案】C

【解析】文中提到南极科考站的科学家在室内种植蔬菜，但是并未提及他们生活是否艰苦。

farming does not need as much land as traditional farming.

Given

[ 答疑编号0104]

【答案】A

【解析】正确常识，“垂直农场”当然不需要像传统农场那样大片土地。

fruits and vegetables are very expensive in cities.

Given

[ 答疑编号0105]

【答案】C

【解析】新鲜的水果和蔬菜在城市里是否非常昂贵，文中未提及。

grown indoors would not be badly harmed by insects.

Given

[ 答疑编号0106]

【答案】A

【解析】从第三段fruits and vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and weather. 可知，生长在室内的庄稼不会有虫害。

do not know how to reuse the animal waste in vertical farms.

Given

[ 答疑编号0107]

【答案】B

【解析】从第四段Waste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy. 可知，科学家知道在垂直农场如何利用动物的粪便。

experts say vertical farming could be difficult.

Given

[ 答疑编号0108]

【答案】A

【解析】从第五段But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. 可知，

科学家认为建垂直农场不是件容易的事情。

plants need the same weather and lighting.

Given

[ 答疑编号0109]

【答案】B

【解析】从第五段Plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. 可知，室内植物

对气候和光照需求有差异。

first vertical farms appeared 5 years ago.

Given

[ 答疑编号0110] 【答案】B 【解析】从第六段最后一句it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created. 可知，不是第一个垂直农场出现在五年之前，而是还需要5—15 年

才能够建立起来。

【试题分析】短文后面的这10个题目主要是考查了两个方面能力：阅读时对基本内容的掌握情况，能否理解短文中表达的概念或细节；另外一方面，迅速阅读短文，获取信息后做出正确判断的能力。

二、阅读选择（第11?15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项。

A Good Lesson

After living in Europe for seven years, my parents decided that my family would move to the United States. We all looked forward to this. What would people think of us? For me, I hoped to be the hero of the class.

I was not disappointed. All my classmates admired my experience, and I quickly became well known as

“the French guy.” I was very popular for a time. However, I was not interested in many things myclassmates did, and it was hard for me to connect with them. I enjoyed listening to classical music, never watched

TV, and almost never watched movies.

I did not have a common background with my friends because I grew up in Europe. I had few friends, and fewer good friends. When I look back now, I realize I was a bit of an idiot to many people around me. I kept talking proudly about my experience. And I thought myself better than those around me because I lived in Europe but they didn ' t.

I had decided I wanted better friends when my parents said that we were going to move again! I saw this as a perfect chance to get better friends, where people did not know of my unkind past.

When we moved to California, I did not show off as I had done for five years. I did not tell everyone that I lived in Europe. I still listened to classical music, but I just kept my music to myself. Sure enough, I found that people like someone who is not typical but does not boast about it.

Nothing can replace good friends, and if I had to control my temper and pride, it was well worth it. 【短文大意】

一个教训在欧洲生活了七年以后，我父母决定搬到美国。我们都盼望着搬家，人们会怎样对待我们？我希望成为班里的英雄。

我没有失望。我的班里所有同学都羡慕我的经历，很快我以“法国男孩”著称。那一段时间我很受欢迎，然而我对班里同学做的许多事情都不感兴趣，很难融入他们之中。我喜欢听古典音乐，从不看电视，也几乎从不看电影。

因为我生长在欧洲，所以与我的朋友们背景不同。我没有几个朋友，好朋友更少。现在当我回顾往事，我意识到我对周围的人们有一点儿像个白痴一样，我总是高傲地谈到我的经历，并且我认为我比我周围的人都好，因为我曾生活在欧洲但他们没有。

当我的父母说我们要再次搬家时，我决定我要有更好的朋友。我看到交好朋友的机会，因为那个地方的人对我的过去并不了解。

我们搬到了加利福尼亚时，我没有像过去五年那样炫耀。我仍然听古典音乐，但是我只是自己欣赏。的确，我发现人们喜欢那种独特的但不夸耀的人。

什么也不能替代好朋友，如果为此不得不控制自己的脾气和傲慢，这也是值得的。

【试题分析】

本题题型是Reading Comprehension 阅读理解。阅读理解部分主要测试考生英语的阅读、理解、分析、判断能力。考生需要熟练掌握一定的词汇量，把握文章的基本结构，理解文中说明要点的事实和细节，根据上下文语境推断领会作者的写作意图、观点和态度。考生也需要具有一定的阅读速度以及知识背景。

一般来说，阅读理解题都可以分为主观题和客观题两大类。主观题用来测试考生的主观判断能力，包括对文章的中心思想、作者的意图和态度，以及整篇文章的逻辑关系的理解能力；客观题用来测试考生对原文内容中的客观事实的理解，要求考生理解文章中的具体事实和抽象概念。阅读理解题型一般有下列四类：细节题、推断题、主旨题以及词义题。常用的提问形式有：

细节：

to the passage, which of the following is (NOT ) True ?

of the follow ing stateme nts is Not men ti oned in passage …？

the passage, it can be seen that _______ .

main reason for … is __________ .

推断：

can be inferred from the passage that ________ .

the passage we can infer (draw the conclusion ) that __________________ .

is implied in the passage that _______ .

主旨：

passage is mainly about ________ .

main idea of this passage is ________ .

passage mainly discusses ___________ .

passage might be taken from __________ .

词汇或短语：

word “…” in line (Paragraph … ) .. most probably means _____________ .

paragraph …,the word "…” refers to ( stands for ) __________ .

word "…” can be best replaced by _________ .

underlined word ( phrase ) “ … ” in paragraph really means ________ .

题目要求考生在理解全文的基础上，仔细读懂短文后每个问题，从所给出的四个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。阅读理解试题是考查考生语言运用能力的主要题型。因为阅读能力的高低直接影响获取信息的能力，所以阅读理解试题强调对全篇文章的整体把握，强调语言文化因素的作用及考生通过阅读理解解决实际问题总的能力。

考试对阅读理解能力的要求是具备一定的知识面，具有逻辑分析、思维反映、词汇量和概括能力。考生要想提高抓住主题、理解具体信息、做出正确判断和推理、弄清作者意图和态度等方面的阅读能力，必须广泛阅读，在量中求质，熟能生巧，并在实践中训练出快速阅读和猜测词义的能力。

I first moved to the US, I was very popular because of my ________ .

appearance

talents

accent

experiences

[ 答疑编号0111]

【答案】D

【解析】从文中第二段和第三段的关键词experiences 可知，当我第一次搬到美国时，是我的“海外经历”使我名声大震。

had few good friends partly because I ______ .

down upon my classmates

listening to classical music

went to the movies

from a very rich family

[ 答疑编号0112]

【答案】A

【解析】作者没有几个好朋友的原因，从文中第三段中可知是由于看不起同学们looked down

upon my classmates 。

phrase “ an idiot ”( Line 3, Part 3 ) most probably means ________ .

actor

cheater

fool

loser

[ 答疑编号0113]

【答案】C

【解析】词汇题。A 一个男演员，B 一个骗子，C 一个蠢人，D 一个失败者。

we moved to California, I stopped _____ .

about my experience

about people around me

the classical music alone

friends with my classmates

[ 答疑编号0114]

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。从文中第五段推论可知，本文作者搬到加州以后，停止了对自己海外经历的吹嘘。

writer would probably agree that ______ .

friends like the same kind of music

are more important than anything else background is the key to friendship good friend never loses his/her temper [ 答疑编号0115]

【答案】B 【解析】主旨题。文中最后一段，说明了作者的态度和观点，也是本文的主旨。

阅读选择题的应试技巧短文阅读主要测试考生对阅读的书面材料理解的程度，既可以为外语学习者提供运用语言知识、文化背景知识，又可以巩固所学语言知识技能、提高英语水平。所以是外语学习者必须掌握的基本技能，也是各种英语考试的重点内容。因此，阅读部分考试成绩的优劣在整个考试中起着举足轻重的作用，所以考生在备考的过程中必须加以重视。

阅读理解是对字、词、句法的进一步学习和综合运用。要提高阅读能力，除了掌握的基本语法规则知识外，还要进行有意识的阅读训练。提高阅读能力的训练主要可以从下面三个方面入手：词汇、方法、侧重点。

1）词汇在阅读过程中，不可避免地会碰到不认识的单词，考试中又不允许查字典，有些不认识的单词对文章的理解影响不大，可以忽略。但有些不认识的单词则会影响阅读者对文章理解的正确性。在这种情况下，就需要利用猜字的技巧猜出词的含义。

快速阅读的CPD公式Con text, Parts, Dictio nary

每日学习词汇study vocabulary daily

使用所学词汇use the words you learn 创立你自己的词汇表create your own word list

2）方法方法一：先看文章后做题。主要针对简单易懂的文章、时间又较充裕的情况。方法二：先看问题后再读文章再做题。这种方法在时间紧、文章长的情况下更为实用。这样可以带着问题去阅读，文章中的内容与考题有关系时仔细阅读，与题目无关时，可以置之不理，很快跳过去。还有一些题目涉及一般常识或科普知识，可以在未阅读文章之前自己先行判断，在阅读时只要对自己的判断进行验证就可以了。

3）三个侧重点除了题目本身所要求查找的细节外，阅读时要注意不要逐字逐句地翻译，而要侧重地阅读。侧重首段、尾段，首句、尾句。因为这些部分往往是作者所要谈及的论点、主题或中心思想，抓住了主干，那么细节问题就会迎刃而解。

侧重语篇标志词。语篇中句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间就是通过这种词语连接起来的，把握住这些词语就等于把握了句与句、段与段之间的关系，对于获取所需信息、准确答题至关重要。

侧重长句、难句。因为英语表达多以冗长著称，论理性很强的文章更是如此。通过较长的句子来表达复杂的思想内容，从而使文章更具有说服力。所以，我们在阅读时，必须重视长句、难句，认真分析句子，把握住关键点。事实上，不少问题就是针对这些长句、难句而设置的。

以上是归纳出的几点解英语阅读选择题目的技巧。考生在训练中应尽快掌握这些技巧，并在实践中摸索出一套适合自己的方法。