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安徽省五校2021届高三上学期12月联考英语试题

2021届高三“五校”联考英语试题

考试时间2020年12月5日

试题说明：

本试题分为第I卷（客观题）和第II卷（主观题）两部分，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

考试注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号填涂在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答非选择题时必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第I卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What did the woman do at weekend?

A. She gave a hand to her uncle.

B. She went to see her uncle.

C. She visited the City Museum.

2. How much will the blouse cost the man?

A.10 dollars.

B. 40 dollars.

C. 45 dollars.

3. What did Alice buy for his father?

A. A camera.

B. A computer.

C. A smartphone.

4. Where does the conversation take place?

A. In a restaurant.

B. In a store.

C. In a fitness center.

5. What will the speakers do next?

A. Attend a meeting.

B. See a friend.

C. Hold a party.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. What are the speakers going to do?

A. To catch a bus.

B. To listen to a concert.

C. To attend a meeting.

7. How is the woman’s helmet?

A. It lacks a bit of comfort.

B. It is a little large.

C. It is a round helmet.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. What’s the man doing now?

A. Learning to speak Swahili.

B. Researching different African languages.

C. Making preparations for the coming test.

9. Where may the man come from?

A. America.

B. Australia.

C. Africa.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. When does the conversation take place?

A. On Monday.

B. On Tuesday.

C. On Wednesday.

11. What will Randy Horn do on Wednesday?

A. See a doctor.

B. Stay at home.

C. Attend a meeting.

12. When will Randy Horn see Dr.Ruth?

A. At 9:30 a. m.

B. At 10:30 a. m.

C. At 11:30 a. m.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers?

A. Interviewer and interviewee.

B. Fellow workers.

C. Teacher and student.

14. Which of the following is the woman’s major?

A. English.

B. Biology.

C. Economics.

15. What is the woman’s greatest strength?

A.Taking challenges.

B. Dealing with people.

C. Learning fast.

16. What does the man think of the woman’s weakness?

A. It is fatal.

B. It doesn’t matter.

C. It is strange.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A.Wonderful tips for a tour in Hawaii.

B. The weather of the Hawaii islands.

C. The striking local features of Hawaii.

18. When does Hawaii see the most visitors?

A. In summer.

B. In winter.

C. In autumn.

19. How about the weather of fall in Hawaii?

A. Sunny.

B. Wet.

C. Cool.

20. What is the average ocean temperature in autumn?

A. Around 13.6 ℃.

B. Around 16.6 ℃.

C. Around 26.6 ℃.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Daxing International Airport

Regulations for certificates

1. If your name on the passport is English, but on the ticket it is Chinese, you cannot take a domestic flight.

2. The name and other information on the boarding pass must be consistent with the information in the boarding document. If not, the security check will not allow the release.

3. The identity document held by the passenger must be the same as the identity document used the time of booking. If the ID number is inconsistent, the security check is not allowed.

4. Foreign passengers can be released through security check if there is no space or backslash in their surname and first name. It is recommended that passengers and airlines confirm whether boarding passes can be changed.

Regulations for shipping luggage

1. Domestic flight

Normally, 20kg for economy class, 30kg for business class and 40kg for first class passengers with adult or child tickets.

2. International flight

In general, the free shipped luggage limit for economy class passengers is 20kg, and 30kg for economy class passengers with student passports. The allowance of free shipped luggage in business class is 30kg and 40kg for first class.

Wheelchair service for special passengers

You can ask for wheelchair service in the ground garage, and the personnel will accompany you to enter the terminal.

21.What will happen to a foreigner if there is no space in his surname and first name?

A. He will not be allowed to board the plane.

B. He has to change the information on his boarding pass.

C. He can pass the security check.

D. He has to provide his ID number.

22. If a couple want to fly to Hawaii from Daxing International Airport, they can take _____ luggage for free at most.

A. 80kg

B. 60kg

C. 40kg

D. 70kg

23. How long will it take from Beijing to Changsha?

A. About two hours.

B. About three hours.

C. About four hours.

D. About three and a half hours.

Days after Argentina canceled all international passenger flights to protect the country from the new coronavirus, Juan Manuel Ballestero began his journey home the only way possible: He stepped aboard his small sailboat for what turned out to be an 85-day odyssey across the Atlantic.

The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed put on the tiny Portuguese island of Porto Santo, but the idea of spending what he thought could be “the end of the world” away from his family, especially his father who was soon to turn 90, was unbearable. So he loaded his 29-foot sailboat with canned fish, fruit and rice and

set sail in mid-March.

“I didn’t want to stay like a coward (懦夫) on an isl and where there were no cases,” Mr. Ballestero said. “I wanted to do everything possible to return home. The most important thing for me was to be with my family.”

Friends tried to dissuade Mr. Ballestero from starting the perilous journey, and the authorities in Portugal warned him he might not be allowed to re-enter if he ran into trouble and had to turn back. But he was determined, “I bought myself a one-way ticket and there was no going back,” he said.

Sailing can be a lonely passion, and it was particularly so on this voyage for Mr. Ballestero, who each night tuned into the news on a radio for 30 minutes to assess how the virus was spreading across the globe. “I kept thinking about whether this would be my last trip,” he said.

When he made it to his nat ive Mar del Plata, on June 17, he was surprised by the hero’s welcome he received. “Entering my port where my father had his sailboat, where he taught me so many things and where I learned how to sail, gave me the taste of a mission accomplished,” he said.A medical professional administered a test for Covid-19 on the dock. Within 72 hours, after the test came back negative, he was allowed to set foot on Argentine soil.

While he didn’t get to celebrate his father’s 90th birthday in May, he did make it home in time for Father’s Day.

24. Why did Juan Manuel Ballestero start his journey?

A. To be reunited with his family.

B. To avoid being infected by the coronavirus.

C. To realize his dream of sailing.

D. To prove his bravery.

25. What do we know about Juan Manuel Ballestero?

A. He was forbidden to enter Mar del Plata port.

B. He didn’t receive any information about the outside world during the journey.

C. He failed to celebrate his father’s birthday.

D. He was not allowed to leave Porto Santo by the authorities in Portugal.

26. What does the underlined word “perilous” in paragraph 4 mean?

A. distant

B. tiring

C. boring

D. adventurous

27. What can we infer from the text?

A. The man was born in Porto Santo in Argentina.

B. His friends encouraged him to start his journey.

C. A test for Covid-19 was given to him the moment he arrived.

D. The man was not worried at all during the trip.

A robot navigates through the strawberries, detecting ripe ones, picking without bruising and placing them in its basket. It sounds futuristic but it is possible now thanks to Rubion, the picking robot for strawberries. This piece of Belgian innovation is not only an answer to the labor shortage in the agricultural industry, but also allows growers to increase the quality of its produce –which in the end benefits the consumer.

Demographic (人口结构的) and socio-economic numbers show that the labor shortage in the agricultural industry is a fact. But for Octinion the focus is clearly on adding qual ity. “Thanks to robotics, we have so many possibilities, much more than a human could ever do. Harvest prediction, picking according to market needs, simply picking when the berries are ripe instead of when workers are available – these are just a few exam ples of what is possible now for a grower,” says Tom Coen, CEO of the Octinion Technology Group. “The consumer will also notice the difference, as strawberries will be fresher and show less bruising.”

Introducing robots in an industry where almost everything gets done by hand is more of a revolution than an evolution. It calls for close cooperation with all stakeholders (利益相关者). Tom Coen: “not only have we been working together with growers and test centers across the world for the past couple of years, bre eders have also been keen on being part of the technological developments. ”

In 2014 a team of Belgian engineers started the development of the robot. In the meanwhile, Octinion wasn’t the only company presenting a concept. Product Manager Laura Guillaume says it’s not a surprise that the company from Leuven is the first to actually present a commercial product: “by developing the robot from the beginning, we are able to make it practical in greenhouses or tunnels.” Octinion plans on launching harvesting robots for other crops in the upcoming years.

28. What can we know about the robot?

A. It can help solve the problem of labor shortage.

B. It makes little difference to the quality of the fruits.

C. It is developed by a group of Belgian engineers independently.

D. It has been put into use around the globe.

29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The good news of the robotic picking.

B. The advantages of the robotic picking.

C. How the robotic picking works.

D. Different attitudes to the robotic picking.

30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The robot was introduced to the market in 2014.

B. Octinion is the only company to put forward the idea of the robot.

C. The robot can be used in any situation.

D. Various harvesting robots are on the way.

31. What can be the best title for the text?

A. How robots pick strawberries.

B. Fruits will be picked by Robots.

C. Strawberry-picking robots are presented.

D. A new robot was invented.

Everyone has an anecdote to share about how stress affects their body, particularly in their skin and hair----the only tissues we can see from the outside. Recently, a team from Harvard University provides scientific evidence to support the idea that stress can cause a person’s hair to turn gray in a study published in the journal Nature. Ya-Chieh Hsu, a professor in this team said in a statement that the study was the first to confirm the common belief that stress can cause gray hair.

Most people have about 100,000 hair follicles (毛囊) on their head. The follicles are responsible for making melanocytes (黑素细胞), the cells that give hair its color. As people age, melanocyte production is reduced. This causes a person’s hair to begin turning gray naturally.

The team used experiments with mice to look at how stress affects stem cells in hair follicles. At first, the researchers suspected that an immune attack caused by a stressful event might be targeting the melanocyte stem cells. That theory, however, turned out to be false. The team also thought the hormone cortisol (皮质醇), which always increases in the body during times of stress, might be a likely cause. However, when researchers removed the glands (腺体) that produce the cortisol hormones, the hair of mice

still turned gray.

The scientists then centered their experiments on the body’s sympathetic nervous system ---- a system that is made up of a collection of nerves that extend through the body and controls "fight-or-flight" reactions in dangerous situations. When the mice were subjected to short-term pain or placed in stressful laboratory conditions, these nerves released a chemical called norepinephrine (去甲肾上腺素). When the norepinephrine was released, all the melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicles were highly activated and changed into cells producing pigment (色素). This overproduction process resulted in the early loss of color-producing cells.

Ya-Chieh Hsu said that the results showed the harmful effects are more major than what the researchers had imagined. “After just a few days, all of the pigment-reproducing stem cells were lost. Once they’re gone, you can’t reproduce pigments anymore. The damage is permanent” .

32. What happened to the mice in a stressful environment?

A. An immune attack destroyed their melanocyte stem cells.

B. The hormone cortisol level dropped in their body.

C. Their melanocyte stem cells become less active.

D. More color-producing cells were lost.

33.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. The functions of the sympathetic nervous system.

B. The process of hair’s t urning gray.

C. The harmful effects of stress.

D. The importance of norepinephrine.

34.Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the study?

A. Skeptical

B. Objective

C. Tolerant

D. Conservative

35.What can we learn from the study?

A. It is the first to investigate the connection between stress and gray hair.

B. The effects of stress is as great as researchers expected.

C. Mice become more active when under stress.

D. It is natural for one’s hair to turn gray with aging.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Eyes not only let you see shapes and millions of colors, but also help manage the light signals that keep your body’s internal clock running properly. Your eyes are among your most important organs, but you shouldn’t take your eyes for granted. 36 .

Protect against eye strain. Sometimes you pose the greatest danger to your eyes. 37 . To help protect your eyesight and keep healthy eyes, you should take a 15-minute break away from your computer every two hours, and rest your eyes every twenty minutes by looking around the room. Your eyes also need sufficient light to read, write and work on the computer or watch TV. In low light or dark, your eyes have to work harder than usual, causing strain.

38 . Healthy eyes start with the food on your plate. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zinc, and vitamins C and E might help prevent age-related vision problems like macular degeneration (黄斑变性) and cataracts (白内障). To get them, fill your plate with green leafy vegetables and other nonmeat protein sources.

Wear sunglasses with UV (紫外线) Protection. The right pair of shades will help protect your eyes from the sun’s UV rays. Too much UV exposure boosts your chances of cataracts and macular de generation. Choose a pair of sunglasses that blocks 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Wraparound lenses help protect your eyes from the side. And Polarized lenses reduce glare while you drive. If you wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜), some offer UV protection. 39 .

Use safety eyewear.If you use dangerous materials that can be transported by air on the job or at home, wear safety glasses or protective goggles (护目镜). 40 . Helmets with protective face masks or sports goggles will protect your eyes.

Be smart! Visit your eye doctor periodically and take care of your eyes to keep them healthy.

A.Take in enough vitamins.

B.Eat well for good eye health.

C.Take these easy steps to keep your eyes healthy.

D.Sports like ice hockey can also lead to eye injury.

E.But it’s still a good idea to wear sunglasses for an extra layer.

F.Overworked eyes lead to short-term and long-term eye and vision problems.

G.So wear sunglasses when you’re outside or driving to protect your eyes from UV rays.

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was October 2012 and I was about to do the first set at the Spice of Life in London’s Soho. It was my most 41 performance, the club was 42 with people. It went so 43 that I didn’t want to stop. The only thing that I could have 44 for was that my darling old dad had been there.

When I was ten, my father often put an LP (唱片) on our record player ---- usually Ella or Louis Armstrong, sometimes Sarah Vaughan. It’s one of my 45 childhood memories. Dad bought a Hammond organ（管风琴) to me as a hobby when I was 12 and I seemed to have a 46 for jazz. As I discovered make-up, boys and discos around 15, my 47 for jazz dwindled (减少). Then, in my mid-30s, a guy I was dating 48 a Chet Baker album to me, which reminded me of my childhood experience. I 49 the music and my dad was very happy. We had something in common again.

Then in 2002, I 50 singing classes that 51 my life. I felt very 52 as soon as I started singing. Over time, I 53 how to control the 54 that came out of my mouth and how to give it 55 through breathing 56 .

In autumn 2002 the students 57 a concert, and my dad beamed with 58 as I sang “When Sunny Gets Blue”. He said he could hear the Ella 59 on me. “I have to thank you for that, Dad,” I told him. “Without you, I’d never have known about Ella when I was growing up.” My father passed away in May in 2004 and I couldn’t believe he’d gone.

Jazz is in my 60 because I grew up with it and to it. I just feel extremely fortunate to have shared Jazz with my dad. When I sing one of his favorites, “ Lullaby of Birdland”, Dad, this one’s for you.

41. A. successful B. strange C. natural D. regular

42. A. packed B. combined C. received D. delayed

43. A. conventionally B. fortunately C. smoothly D. quietly

44. A. searched B. wished C. prepared D. accounted

45. A. experienced B. ambitious C. cherished D. courageous

46. A. appreciation B. talent C. contribution D. understanding

47. A. passion B. connection C. qualification D. development

48. A. expected B. promised C. recognized D. presented

49. A. reviewed B. approved C. challenged D. rediscovered

50. A. kept away from B. signed up for C. took control of D. looked forward to

51. A. changed B. observed C. reflected D. scheduled

52. A. cautious B. regretful C. curious D. relaxed

53. A. imagined B. described C. learned D. suspected

54. A. sound B. tears C. silence D. speech

55. A. encouragement B. power C. comparison D. quality

56. A. physically B. appropriately C. temporarily D. hardly

57. A. got hold of B. made use of C. put on D. turned out

58. A. fear B. sympathy C. surprise D. pride

59. A. impression B. comment C. agreement D. influence

60. A. considerations B. expressions C. bones D. recommendations

第II卷

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses. Many organisms live in and on our bodies, 61 are normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause diseases.

Infectious diseases 62 (common) spread from one person through the direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other germs 63 another. This can happen when an individual with the bacterium or virus touches or kisses someone who isn’t infected. Disease-causing organisms also can be passed by indirect contact. Many germs can live on 64 inanimate (无生命的) object, such as a tabletop, doorknob or faucet handle. When you touch a doorknob 65 (handle) by someone ill with the flu or a cold, for example, you can pick up the germs he or she left behind. If you then touch your eyes, mouth or nose, you are 66 (likely) to become infected than those who wash their hands.

Signs and symptoms vary depending on the organism 67 (cause) the infection, but often include fever and 68 (weak). Mild infections may respond to rest and home treatment, while some life-threatening infections may need hospitalization.

Many infectious diseases, such as measles (麻疹) and chickenpox (水痘), can 69 (prevent)

by vaccines. Frequent and thorough hand-washing also 70 (help) protect you from most infectious diseases.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I went to Turkey last summer, where I saw many place of interest. The weather was very nice and the people here were friendly. What I especial enjoyed was the Turkish food which was delicious. I caught the early ferry to cross from one side of the city to other side, take many pictures with my camera. The cost of the whole trip was a bit of high, but I thought it was worth it. The Turkish people did not speak much English, and I managed to get to where I plan to go. During the trip, I went to the traditional Turkish baths, what were very cheap and relaxed.

第二节：书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter计划来中国留学，请你给他写邮件告诉他怎样做才能获得更好的学习经历，内容包括：

1.语言能力；

2.适应能力；

3.兴趣爱好。

注意：

1. 字数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

_______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

2019年高考英语试题(全国Ⅰ卷)答案

2019年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷) 英语答案答案速查：第一部分听力 1–5 BABCA 6–10 CBACC 11–15 BACAB 16–20 ACBAC 第二部分阅读理解 21–25 BDDBA 26–30 ACDCB 31–35 DCABA 36–40 EAGCD 第三部分语言知识运用 41–45 DCCBA 46–50 CDCAB 51–55 DABDA 56–60 CBDAB 61．that 62．poorly 63．of／for 64．to perform 65．have reported 66．belief 67．noting 68．higher 69．the 70．are 第二部分阅读理解第一节 A 体裁：应用文题材：广告主题：兼职活动【文章大意】本文介绍了学生在暑期可以兼职的四个项目。 21．B【解析】根据Summer Company中的“Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知，这个项目给创业的学生提供高达三千美元的奖金。Summer Company并没有提到在工作前不需要培训，故可排除A项；Summer Company没有提到工作环境，因此可排除C项；对比四个项目可知，这四个项目都是关于暑期工作的信息，Summer Company并没有提供更多的工作信息，因此可排除D项。 22．D【解析】本题问Stewardship Youth Ranger Program要求的参与活动的学生的年龄范围。根据本部分中的“Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year”可知，学生的年龄应该在16–17岁，故选D。选项A 的15–18是Jobs for Youth的年龄要求；选项B的15–24属于Summer Employment Opportunities某些职位对参与者年龄的要求；选项C的15–29是Summer Company对参与者年龄的要求。这三项都不符合题目的要求。 23．D【解析】题干问：哪一个项目对残疾人特别照顾？根据文章的最后一句“Some

安徽省蚌埠四校联考英语试题

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高考英语预测试题第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family tried to __36__ an ant farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the __37__ home. Shortly after the new __38__ were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew __39__ what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had particular given jobs. With my mom’s help, I kept a journal of what happened each day and __40__ the ants. My favorite was the biggest, Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my journal, which I still have. On day five a disaster __41__ the ant farm. While I was __42__ the ants, I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally tipped it over, __43__ in all the tunnels. Although the ants __44__ their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was __45__ as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother reported that the ants were dying of “frustration”—feeling annoyed and impatient as they couldn’t control the situation. They simply could not __46__ the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed. Cinderella was the last to die; she did so while carrying a dead ant on her back. Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, __47__ it taught me much more. __48__ the years, I came to realize the ants were a study in the benefits of __49__. Working together, they were able to create a(n) __50__ world for themselves. I also learned that they should be __51__ for their hard work. Day in and day out, each labored at their task. The ant farm demonstrated that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key __52__ to success. But there was an even larger lesson that I did not __53__ until recently: Disaster is a natural part of life, and must be __54__. Unlike the ants, humans cannot give up when they face __55__. Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in, we just have to build another. 36. A. get B. buy C. run D. find 37. A. empty B. new C. strange D. distant 38. A. guests B. settlers C. friends D. members 39. A. probably B. roughly C. exactly D. normally