阅读理解记叙文经典1

阅读理解记叙文经典1

一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

When faced with difficult situations in their lives, many people find them too challenging and give up, especially on their life dreams. But not for Gabriel Heredia.

Gabrrel is a 21-year-old Argentinean barber（阿根廷理发师）who was born without hands. But he was able to grow up happy and independent because he always had the support of friends and family. In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her. Although he first saw it as an interest, Gabriel quickly decided that this was his dream job.

Gabriel's family soon helped him open his first barbershop in San Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years. There, he met Zlatan Gomez, the president of Argentina Corta, an organization for barbers to connect, do charity （慈善）work, and teach hairdressing. Later, Gabriel became part of Argentina Corta, offering his services to people of all ages so they can build up the skills they need to get a job.

Gabriel then moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina where he cuts hair today. As a bright and caring young man, Gabriel tries hard to not only be a barber, but also make a connection with the neighborhood. He says, "The thing that I like the most about my job is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me feel happy."

Gabriel always does his best to be independent. He never gives up. There is nothing he can't do. Besides cutting hair, he has learned to ride a bike, a motorbike and even to drive a car. He is no doubt inspiring others.

（1）When Gabriel was born, what made him different from others?

A. He was born without hands.

B. His special haircut.

C. His life dream.

D. His happiness and independence.

（2）At first, Gabriel Heredia learned hair cutting skills ________________.

A. from Zlatan Gomez

B. from his mother

C. from his friends

D. by himself

（3）Which of the following statements about Gabriel Heredia is NOT true?

A. He tries hard to make a connection with the neighborhood.

B. He can not only cut hair but also drive a car.

C. He joined Argentina Corta and taught others hair cutting skills in San Isidro.

D. He opened his first barbershop in Buenos Aires with the help of his family.

（4）What does Gabriel's story mainly tell us?

A. A good beginning makes a good ending.

B. You're never too old to learn.

C. Nothing is impossible if you don't give up.

D. Education changes life.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔·赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。

（1）细节理解题，根据who was born without hands.可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her.可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。

（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel's family soon helped him open his first barbershop in San Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。

2．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Once there was a small hotel whose keeper was always caring about money.

One day, a businessman arrived. The keeper looked at the man's thick wallet and thought, "Oh, I wish that all the money could be mine!" The businessman didn't notice that, so he ordered the most expensive room and went to his room to dress for dinner.

Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger（姜）plants. Many people said that eating the buds（芽） of ginger would make a person forgetful.

The keeper thought, "If I serve some buds of ginger to the businessman, he may be forgetful to take his wallet!" Then she went to the kitchen.

Soon, businessman came downstairs and asked for dinner. The keeper was very excited as she served the dish to him. "Delicious!" said the rich man. When dinner was finished, he went to bed happily.

In the next morning, the keeper saw the businessman leaving from the front door. As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. Suddenly, she noticed a piece of paper on the floor. It was the businessman's bill （账单）. He had forgotten to pay it! She ran down the stairs, out of the front door, and across the road until she was out of breath, but the businessman was already far, far away. "I'm so silly!”" cried the keeper.

（1）The keeper came up with an idea to own the businessman's money when __________.

A. she dressed herself

B. she cooked the meal in the kitchen

C. the businessman went upstairs happily

D. she thought of the buds of ginger around her hotel

（2）The keeper ran into the businessman's room as soon as he left because __________.

A. she wanted to find the man's bill

B. she wanted to find the key to the man's room

C. she wanted to check if the man had left his money there

D. she wanted to see if the man had broken anything in the room

（3）Which if the following is NOT true according to this passage?

A. The keeper realized the buds of ginger didn't work in the end.

B. The keeper ran after the businessman because of the bill.

C. The businessman didn't know the rumor （谣言） about the buds of ginger.

D. The businessman didn't pay the keeper's bill because he lost his money.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。（1）细节理解题，根据 Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger（姜）plants. Many people said that eating the buds（芽） of ginger would make a person forgetful. 可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是D。（2）细节理解题，根据 As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. 可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据 He had forgotten to pay it! 可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。

3．阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Tony, a nine-year-old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets（尿湿） his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he can't possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after-effect （后果）—When the boys find out, he will never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, they'll never speak to him again as long as he lives.

Tony puts his head down and say to himself, "Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now!"

He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.

As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!"

Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy （同情）. The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.

She tries to help, but they tell her, "You've done enough, you stupid!"

At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice," You did that on purpose, didn't you ?"

Emily says back in a quiet voice, "I wet my pants, too."

（1）What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact?

A. They'll all laugh at him.

B. They'll tell the teacher about it.

C. They'll try to help him.

D. They'll never speak to him again.

（2）Which is right according to the passage?

A. Emily drops the water on purpose.

B. Tony is really angry with Emily.

C. Tony and Emily don't go home by bus.

D. Tony and Emily aren't classmates.

（3）We know that Emily is a_________ girl from the passage?

A. careless and lazy

B. quiet and bright

C. stupid and helpless

D. kind and smart.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。一个叫Tony的小男孩不小心尿湿裤子后生怕被人发现，正在他陷入痛苦需要得到帮助时，正好同班同学Emily拿着一杯水走来，故意把水撒在Tony身上，使Tony免于被同学们嘲笑，从而化解了危机。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第五句"When the boys find out, he will never hear the end ofit"，以及第五段第一句"Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at,"可知这些男孩们会嘲笑他。故选A。

（2）根据文章倒数第二段"You did that on purpose, didn' tyou?" 和最后一段的"I wet mypants once, too." ,可知Emily是故意撒的水。可知选项A，符合文字内容，故选A；根据

第四段最后句Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!"托尼似乎很生气，但他一直在自言自语：“谢谢你，亲爱的！谢谢你，亲爱的！”可知Tony不是正的生气。选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B；根据倒数第二段第一句 At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, 可知他们他们在等公共汽车，推知他们是乘坐公共汽车回家，选项C不符合文章内容，故排除C；根据第四段第二句 Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. 可以推知他们是同班同学。选项D不符合文章内容，故排除D。综上所述，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句"Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you , dear!"，可知是Emily急中生智才化解了Tony的尷尬处境，由此看出Emily是个善良又聪明的孩子，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4．阅读理解

Then Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little golden key on it. She picked it and put it in all the locks on the doors but it didn't open any of them. She moved a curtain on one of the walls and discovered another door, a very small one. She put the key in the lock. It was exactly the right size! She opened the door and looked through it. At the end of a low passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full of brightly coloured flowers and fountains.

"Oh, how beautiful!" she said. "I'd love to go there but I'm too big to get through the door."

She walked back to the table. There was a bottle on it now.

"I'm sure that bottle wasn't there before," she said, a little confused.

She put down the key and picked up the bottle. She read the words "DRINK ME" on it. Alice wasn't a stupid girl. She didn't drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn't a label on it that said "POISON".

So she put the bottle to her lips and drank.

"Mmm, ifs nice," she said. It tasted like cherry tart, pineapple, roast turkey and toast-all the things that she liked to eat-so she drank some more. And some more. Soon the bottle was empty. "What a curious feeling," she said. "I'm getting smaller and smaller.'" It was true! She was now as small as her cat Dinah.

"Good! I can go through the door into the garden," she said. But, poor Alice! When she got to the door, she didn't have the key! It was on the table. She couldn't reach it because she was too small now. She sat down and cried.

After a while she said, "Alice! Stop crying! Crying doesn't help! Dry your tears immediately!"

When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the words "EAT ME" on it. She put a small piece of it in her mouth.

"If I grow bigger I can reach the key," she thought. "And if I grow smaller I can go under the door."

But nothing happened so she finished it.

（1）From the passage we can know that _______________________.

A. at first Alice could go through the door into the garden easily

B. then Alice found there was a little golden key on a small wooden table

C. Alice was as small as her rabbit Dinah after she drank something in the bottle

D. Alice saw a small glass box with a small cake in it under the table

（2）Alice did the following things in the order of ___________________.

a. She saw a beautiful garden at the end of a low passage.

b. She moved a curtain and discovered another door.

c. She put a small piece of the cake in her mouth.

d. She put the bottle to her lips and drank.

e. She cried because she couldn't reach the key.

A. a- b- c- d- e

B. b- a- d- e- c

C. d- a- b- e- c

D. b- d- e- a- c

（3）The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to ______________.

A. the small box

B. the glass table

C. the small cake

D. the golden key

（4）According to the passage, the best words to describe Alice are ___________________.

A. careful and brave

B. curious and helpful

C. clever and friendly

D. organized and strange

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲爱丽丝被关到一座房子里，但出不去，里面有一些东西可以使她变小。

（1）细节理解题。由第一段中"Then she saw a little glass table with three legs, and on the top of it was a very small gold key."爱丽丝看见一张小玻璃桌。上面有一把金钥匙可知她是在玻璃桌上发现钥匙的。选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B；"Oh, how beautiful!" she said. "I'd love to go there but I'm too big to get through the door."我很想去那里，但是我太大了，不能从门进去。”可知选项A不符合文章内容，故排除A；"I'm getting smaller and smaller.'" It was true! She was now as small as her cat Dinah.我越来越小了。”“是真的！她现在和她的猫黛娜一样小。可知选项C符合文章内容，故排除C； When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. 她看到桌子下面有一个小玻璃盒。她把它捡起来打开了。里面有一个小蛋糕，可知选项D符合文章内容，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据通读全文，找出在文中的位置。b：She moved a curtain and discovered another door. ； a：She saw a beautiful garden at the end of a low passage. ；d：She put the bottle to her lips and drank. e： She cried because she couldn't reach the key. ； c：She put a small piece of the cake in her mouth. 找出在文中的位置，故选B。

（3）代词指代题。根据全文，可能小蛋糕的作用与液体的作用一样，她可能变得太小了或

变大，都与小蛋糕有关系，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据Alice wasn't a stupid girl. She didn't drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn't a label on it that said "POISON".爱丽丝不是个傻女孩。她没有马上喝。她先仔细地看了看瓶子。上面没有写着“毒药”的标签。可以推知她是一个谨慎并勇敢的女孩。A： careful and brave谨慎和勇敢； B： curious and helpful好奇和乐于助人； C： clever and friendly聪明和友好； D： organized and strange有条理和奇怪。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解

Maybe we three were the most unlucky graduates in our school history. I'll never forget the day when we had our graduation ceremony（毕业典礼）.

I was known for being careless. I often fell down for no reason. Since I fell off the stage（舞台）during my Primary Graduation Ceremony, my family bet（打赌）that I would fall down again during my next graduation ceremony. The day came so quickly. This time, I proudly made it through the whole ceremony without falling. but I knocked over the whole backdrop （背景板）used to take pictures for graduates! I felt so embarrassed （尴尬的）the whole morning.

My friend Julia was even more embarrassed. When she together with all the graduates was sitting quietly in the hall at eight in the morning, she didn't expect her father to come to attend her ceremony because he was really busy then. The hall was very quiet and you could even hear a pin（针）drop on the ground. When all of a sudden, out of the silence, she heard "Hey,

Julia!" Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!

Tiffany was the most beautiful girl of us three. She loved all kinds of dresses. On that day, she dressed herself beautifully and wanted to have some beautiful photos. Unluckily, it was one of the windiest days of our life. The wind blew her beautiful dress up in front of the whole graduate class! She didn't know whether to cry or laugh.

Lucky? Unlucky? So lucky! All of these became the unforgettable part of our life!

（1）The writer was very in her daily life.

A. careless

B. careful

C. friendly

D. lazy

（2）Julia's father at the graduation ceremony.

A. sat quietly in his seat

B. was busy with his work

C. took pictures for her

D. dropped a pin on the ground

（3）This story happened on a morning.

A. cloudy

B. windy

C. sunny

D. rainy

（4）Tiffany was embarrassed because that day.

A. she fell off the stage

B. she didn't have beautiful dresses

C. her dress was blown up

D. her photos weren't unforgettable

（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The girls weren't in the same school.

B. The writer knocked over the backdrop.

C. Julia knew that her father would come.

D. Tiffany loved all kinds of shoes.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了在毕业典礼上，三个孩子身上所发生的的尴尬的事。幸运？不吉利？如此幸运！所有这些都成为人们生活中难忘的一部分！

（1）细节理解题，根据I was known for being careless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!可知朱莉的爸爸在为朱莉拍照，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据The wind blew her beautiful dress up in front of the whole graduate class!可知风把她漂亮的衣服在全班同学面前吹起来了，所以那天上午是一个大风天，故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段的叙述可知蒂芙尼窘迫的原因是漂亮的裙子被风吹起来了，故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据I knocked over the whole backdrop （背景板）used to take pictures for graduates!可知作者弄到了拍照用的背景板，因此A的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、逻辑推理题和正误判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出需要的信息正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据短文内容进行判断。

6．阅读短文，判断正误。

My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn't really like cooking and when she did cook. I didn't like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.

During a year, I had made most of its recipes （食谱） and was ready for a bigger challenger （挑战）. I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my happiness, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking test my dishes in it and my skill became better and better. Now as a teen chef （主厨）. I have

cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for money, but because I love cooking.

Now I know that when you stop caring whether you will be famous or do well, your happiness will come to you.

（1）The writer liked his mother's food when he was a child

（2）The writer's parents allowed him to build a test Kitchen

（3）The writer's mother taught him how to cook.

（4）Now the writer is a famous chef around the word.

（5）The writer is not cooking for money

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）0

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：作者由于不喜欢他妈妈做的菜，于是自学厨艺，最后成为全国知名主厨的故事。

（1）细节题。句意：作者孩子时喜欢他妈妈做的食物。根据 I didn't like her food.可知，他不喜欢她做的食物，故答案为错误。

（2）细节题。句意：作者的父母允许他建一个测试厨房。根据my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen.可知作者的父母同意他建一个测试厨房，故答案为正确。

（3）细节题。句意：作者的妈妈教她烹饪。根据 I did much cooking test my dishes in it and my skill became better and better. 可知，他自己买书来自学烹饪，故答案为错误。

（4）细节题。句意：作者是一个世界有名的主厨。根据Now as a teen chef （主厨）. I have cooked in top-class restaurants around the country.可知他在全国各地顶级餐馆当主厨，故答案为错误。

（5）细节题。句意：作者当厨师不是为挣钱。根据 I am not doing it for money, 可知描述跟原文相符，故答案为正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。浏览文章大意，根据问题在文章中找到原句判断对错。

7．阅读理解

Many scientists think that the earth is getting warmer and warmer. If the change continues, the natural world and human society will face danger. Scientists believe human activity is responsible for the climate change. We produce too many greenhouse gases. They keep heat in the air and make the earth warm.

Many of the world's governments agree. And they want to solve the problem. So from December 7 to 18, 2009, they held a conference in Copenhagen, Denmark to talk about global warming and climate change.

Representatives（代表） from 192 countries and regions went to the meeting. Although they have not reached an agreement, the Copenhagen Accord（《哥本哈根协议》）was an important beginning to save the earth. It was made by a small group of countries including China,

the US, India, Brazil and South Africa. Some other countries at the conference also showed support.

What are the key points of the Copenhagen Accord? The accord limits global temperature increases to 20C by 2050 compared to pre-1850. Scientists think it could help the world to avoid serious climate change.

The accord also says that developed countries must promise to cut greenhouse gas emissions （排放） to the UN by January 31, 2010. The accord asks developed countries to give money to help developing countries.

Many countries and organizations are disappointed that the conference didn't reach a legal document（法律约定）. And they think the accord is not clear enough about its goals.

African leaders are worried that the goal of a 20C global temperature increase isn't good enough, because it will mean a much higher increase in temperature across Africa. This could cause big problems like food and water shortages across the continent.

Still, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon believes the conference was an "improvement".

（1）What do scientists believe is responsible for the climate change?

A. Human activity

B. Animals growing

C. Plants growing

D. Too many people （2）What did members of the Copenhagen Meeting NOT talk about?

A. Economic recovery（经济复苏）

B. Global warming

C. Climate change

D. Cutting greenhouse gas emissions

（3）What's the attitude（态度）of African leaders towards the goal of a 20C global temperature increase?

A. They are happy about it

B. They don't care much about it

C. They are worried about it

D. They support it

（4）What does the underlined word "disappointed" mean?

A. 忧虑

B. 失望

C. 害怕

D. 难过（5）Which is true about the Copenhagen Accord?

A. Developing countries must promise to cut greenhouse gas emissions.

B. Both developing countries and developed countries should not produce any greenhouse gases.

C. The EU agreed to give ＄3.6 billion to help developing countries.

D. The Copenhagen Accord isn't a legal document, but it's an important beginning to save the earth.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了气候变化以及人类为了应对气候变化所做的努力。

（1）细节理解题。根据Scientists believe human activity is responsible for the climate change. 可知人类活动是造成气候变化的原因。故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。根据So from 7 to 18 December, 2009, they held a conference in Copenhagen, Denmark to talk about global warming and climate change.和The accord limits global temperature increases to 2°C by 2050. Scientists think it could help the world to avoid serious climate change.以及The accord also says that developed countries must promise to cut greenhouse gas emissions （排放） to the UN by 31 January, 2010. 可知哥本哈根会议谈论的内容有全球变暖，气候变化以及减少温室气体排放等went，但是没有涉及到经济复苏，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据 African leaders are worried that the goal of a 2°C global temperature increase isn't good enough, because it will mean a much higher increase in temperature across Africa. 可知非洲领导人对于全球气温上升控制在2摄氏度以内还是很胆心，故选C。

（4）词义推断题。根据 Many countries and organizations are disappointed that the conference didn't reach a legal document（法律约定）. And they think the accord is not clear enough about its goals.可知许多国家和组织对会议未能达成法律文件感到失望。该词意为失望的，故选B。

（5）理解判断题。根据the Copenhagen Accord （《哥本哈根协议》）was an important beginning to save the Earth. 以及Many countries and organizations are disappointed that the conference didn't reach a legal document （法律文书）.可知哥本哈根协议不是一份法律文件，但它是拯救地球的重要开端。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文浅显易懂，层次分明，很容易把握文章中心内容。答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Many years ago there was a smart prince. But he never listened to his parents when they asked him to clean his room.

One day, a princess（公主） in another country was going to hold a party. She invited all the princes from nearby countries. The prince was excited, and prepared with great care.

However, on the day of the party, his room was so messy（凌乱的） that he couldn't find his invitation. He looked for it everywhere, but couldn't find it anywhere. So he decided to clean his room. Luckily, he found it at last.

When he finally arrived at the party, it was over. The prince was very sad and he decided to change himself.

Sometimes not everything was bad. The princess had not found her favourite boyfriend at the party. And later she had another party. This time the prince got everything ready. He got to the party on time, and met the princess. Soon they fell in love with each other.

（1）It is clear that the prince was _______ in the past according to the story.

A. ugly

B. lazy

C. bored

D. kind

（2）That day the prince was excited because _______.

A. he was the smartest prince

B. he would see the princess

C. he kept his room clean

D. he found his invitation

（3）Why did the prince decide to change himself?

A. Because the princess didn't like him.

B. Because his parents asked him to do so.

C. Because the princess asked him to do so.

D. Because he missed the party and he felt sad.

（4）Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. The prince only met the princess once.

B. The prince found his invitation to the first party.

C. The princess wanted to find a boyfriend at the party.

D. The prince changed himself into a careful person.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一位王子的变化。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句But he never listened to his parents when they asked him to clean his room.提示可知，这个王子非常的懒惰，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句One day, a princess（公主） in another country was going

to hold a party. She invited all the princes from nearby countries. 提示可知，这个王子被公主邀

请参加她的聚会，要去见公主，所以非常的激动，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句When he finally arrived at the party, it was over. The prince was very sad and he decided to change himself.提示可知，这个王子错过了晚会很伤心，所以

他决定改变自己，故选D。

（4）理解推断题。通读全文语句可知，这个王子与公主没有见过面，选项A的描述是错

误的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目

中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）

9．阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选

择最佳选项。

Run for Class President

Two months ago, when our class election （选举） started, I decided to run for class president.

I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was

1 that people would feel bad for me if I lost.

I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I

couldn't 2 but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was 3 prepared, I felt that

my chances of winning were strong.

However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response （反应） wasn't what I had 4 . Few people actually listened. When it was my opponent's （对手的） turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.

It was obvious who would 5 . For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.

My 6 was right: I didn't win.

The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended （假装） not to hear. But later, things got better. People 7 about the election and talked to me just as they did before.

I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build 8 —since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.

1. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful

2. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat

3. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically

4. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured

5. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win

6. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction

7. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed

8. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support

【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；

【解析】【分析】大意：作者竞选班长职位，但是结果不是自己期望的那样子，通过这次

竞选，使作者学会了面对令人失望的事情，变得更加强大成熟。

（1）句意：但是我害怕如果我落选，人们会对我感觉不好。A.无聊的，感到厌倦的；B.害

怕的；C.激动的；兴奋的；D.充满希望的。根据I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win.but,可知，虽然作者自己很自信，和同学们相处的很好，喜欢在众人面前讲话，但是也害怕落下后没面子，大家对自己感觉不好，此处用afraid，害怕，故选B。

（2）句意：我的计划不是承诺做我不能完成事而是向同学们展示我想成为班长的原因。A.

比较；B.记住；C.完成（困难的事），勉励完成；D.重复。根据but to show my class why I wanted to be president.可知作者回避做自己难完成的事，用manage，完成，故选C。

（3）句意：因为我充分准备，所以我觉得我赢的机会很大。A.完全地，全部地，充分地；B.迅速地；C.刚刚，新近；D.身体上，肉体上，根本上。根据I felt that my chances of winning were strong.因为他觉得自己赢的机会很大，所以他应该是进行了充分准备，用fully，充分地，故选A。

（4）句意：然而，当我选举那天进行演讲的时候，反应不是我设想的那个样子。A.害怕；B.面对；C.提及到；D.想象，设想，描述。根据However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, 可知没演讲前作者觉得自己赢的机会很大，但是自己的真实演讲却没有自己演

讲前设想的那么好，用pictured，设想，故选D。

（5）句意：很显然，谁将会获胜。A.坚持；B.归还；C.等待；D.赢。根据When it was my opponent's （对手的） turn, everyone was screaming his name.可知对手进行演讲时，大家对

高喊他的名字，因此谁将成为班长是很明显的事，用win，赢，故选D。

（6）句意：我的预言是对的：我没有赢。A.建议；B.预测；预言；C.指导，命令；D.介绍。根据 But I was 1 that people would feel bad for me if I lost. 作者猜到自己可能会落下，因

此用prediction，预言，故选B。

（7）句意：人们忘记选举这件事，他们像选举前一样和我说话。A.忘记；B.写；C.关心；D.讨论。根据常识可知，学生们选谁当班长其实不是很关心，不久就会忘记它，一切都会

恢复到没选举前一样，因此用forgot，忘记，故选A。

（8）句意：像这样失败的时刻塑造人物。A.相信；B.自豪；C.角色，人物；D.支持。根据since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger. 可知这样一次演讲比赛，让

作者敢于面对令人扫兴的事，变得成熟，因此用character，人物，故选C。

【点评】考查完型填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先跳过空格通读全文掌

握其大意。然后一一作答。注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查

验证答案。

10．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

As a child, I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others.

I still remember it was an early autumn. Some 1 started to turn yellow and the weather became cool. One day, as I was getting ready for school, my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest（背心）instead of 2 . At that time, I was getting to have a 3 size than my father, so when I put on the vest, I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe! I realized that it was

a small mistake which was 4 by my mother, but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry. My mother said sorry with a smile, but I shouted at her 5 thinking much. I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it. I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house 6 my mother could stop me.

Later, my mother shared her bad feelings with my father, "See what your son has done. "Instead of saying he would scold （责备）or beat me, my father 7 asked my mother to mend the Later when my mother told me about my father's response（反应）, I felt terribly sorry for my bad behavior（行为）. My father's gentle kindness taught me a lesson which I would 8 forget.

On that day, I decided not to let anger 9 me any longer. Of course, there are times when

I am angry. However, whenever that happens, I will try to remember my father's 10 . It always reminds（提醒）me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.

1. A. books B. walls C. photos D. leaves

2. A. hers B. his C. mine D. ours

3. A. thinner B. smaller C. larger D. shorter

4. A. given B. made C. shown D. chosen

5. A. without B. about C. with D. of

6. A. after B. before C. when D. since

7. A. sadly B. angrily C. bravely D. quietly

8. A. never B. often C. always D. sometimes

9. A. forget B. help C. leave D. control

10. A. vest B. school C. anger D. mistake

【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）D；（8）A；（9）D；（10）A；

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者之前非常容易生气，并且不擅长和他人交流，一次妈妈把爸爸的背心错误地给作者后，我生气了，结果把爸爸的背心弄坏了，作者冲出了房间，妈妈告诉爸爸后爸爸没有责备作者，这让作者非常内疚，从此学会了考虑他人的感受。（1）句意：一些树叶开始变黄，天气变冷。A.书；B.墙；C.照片；D.树叶。秋天时树叶变黄，故选D。

（2）句意：有一天，当我准备上学的时候，妈妈不小心把爸爸的背心递给了我。A.她的；B.他的；C.我的；D.我们的。妈妈把爸爸的背心给我，而不是我的，所以用mine，故选C。

（3）句意：那时，我的体型比我父亲的更大，所以当我穿上背心时，我觉得好像不能呼吸了。A.更瘦的；B.更小的；C.更大的；D.更短的。因为作者比爸爸的体型大，所以穿上背心时不能呼吸，故选C。

（4）句意：我意识到这是我母亲犯的一个小错误。A.被给；B.被制作；C.被展示；D.被选择。make a mistake犯错误，固定搭配，by表示被动，所以用make的过去分词made，故选B。

（5）句意：我母亲笑着说对不起，但我不假思索地朝她喊道。A.没有；B.关于；C.和；

D. ……的……。作者妈妈和作者道歉了，但是作者还是没有思考就朝妈妈大喊，故选A。（6）句意：我穿上我的背心在我妈妈能够阻止我之前冲出了房子。A.在......之后；B.在……之前；C.当……时候；D.自从。在作者妈妈能够阻止作者前，作者就冲出去了，故选B。（7）句意：我父亲没有说他会责骂我，也没有说他会打我，而是悄悄地让我母亲修理。A.悲伤地；B.生气地；C.勇敢地；D.安静地。爸爸没有说什么，所以是安静地，故选D。（8）句意：我父亲的仁慈给了我一个永远不会忘记的教训。A.从不；B.经常；C.总是；D.有时。作者爸爸的仁慈让作者永远不会忘记，故选A。

（9）句意：在那天，我决定不会让脾气再次控制我。A.忘记；B.帮助；C.离开；D.控制。作者不想再被脾气控制，故选D。

（10）句意：然而，无论那什么时候发生，我将努力记住我爸爸的背心。A.背心；B.学校；C.生气；D.错误。爸爸的背心总是提醒我考虑他人的感受，所以作者记住爸爸的背心，故选A。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺

单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

11．完形填空

Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg, a 1 of about eighty miles. It was late and I was in a hurry. However, if anyone asked me how fast I was driving, I'd say I was not over-speeding （超速）. Several times I got 2 behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road, and I was holding my fists tightly with impatience.

At one point along an open highway, I 3 a crossroad with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I got near to the light, it turned red and I braked to a stop. I looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat, waiting for the light to 4 , the only human being for at least a mile in any 5 .

I started 6 why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being fined, because there was obviously no policeman around, and there certainly would have been no 7 in going through it.

Much later that night, after I 8 a group of my friends in Lewisburg and climbed into bed near midnight, the question of why I'd stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it's part of a contract （合同） we all have with each other. It's not only the 9 , but it's an arrangement we have, and we trust each other to 10 it: we don't go through red lights. Like most of us, I'm more likely to be 11 from doing something bad by the social conventions （社会习俗） that stand by it than by any law against it.

It's amazing that we ever trust each other to do the right thing, isn't it? I was so 12 of myself for stopping for the red light that night.

1. A. flight B. distance C. road D. length

2. A. stopped B. changed C. stuck D. lost

3. A. ran off B. left behind C. passed by D. came to

4. A. stop B. change C. turn D. die

5. A. way B. side C. city D. direction

6. A. wondering B. asking C. confusing D. regretting

7. A. time B. sign C. danger D. record

8. A. met with B. got over C. got rid of D. called back

9. A. behavior B. law C. suggestion D. order

10. A. break B. solve C. honor D. judge

11. A. stopped B. protected C. refused D. frightened

12. A. sorry B. doubtful C. sure D. proud

【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）B；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）D；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：昨晚，作者一个人行开车回家，在红绿灯处，他停了下来，尽管四周一个人也没有，但是也没有闯红灯，其实这是他遵守了每个人之间的约定，他为此感到自豪。

（1）句意：昨晚我从哈里斯堡开车去路易斯堡，有着80英里的距离，A.航班；B.距离；

C.道路；

D.长度，a distance of ……远的距离，固定搭配，故答案是B。

（2）句意：好几次，我们被慢慢行驶在路上的卡车堵在路上。A.停止；B.改变；C.无法移动；D.丢失。get stuck，交通拥堵，固定搭配，故答案是C。

（3）句意：在公路的某一处，我来到了一个交通灯的十字路口。A.跑走；B.落在后面；C.经过；D.来到，根据下文提到的红灯亮了，可知来到了有交通灯的路口，故答案是D。（4）句意：但是，我坐在那里等着交通灯的改变。A.停止；B.改变；C.转向；D.死亡，因为红灯亮了，他停下了车，要等着交通灯变成绿色方可通行。故答案是B。

（5）句意：至少在方圆一英里之内，唯一的一个人。A.道路；B.方面；C.城市；D.方向，in any direction，在任何方向，固定搭配，故答案是D。

（6）句意：我在想，我为什么没有闯红灯呢？A.想，思考；B.询问；C.迷惑；D.遗憾，根据后面的叙述可知，没有警察，他也不会受罚，所以他在想自己为什么没有闯红灯。故答案是A。

（7）句意：通过的话也没有任何危险。A.时间；B.标志；C.危险；D.记录，根据前面的叙述可知，方圆一英里之内就他一个人，所以闯红灯也不会发生任何危险。故答案是C。（8）句意：那天晚上很晚之后，在路易斯堡我遇到了我的几个朋友，然后在将近午夜的时候就是睡觉了，这个问题又回想在我的脑海里。A.遇见；B.克服，战胜；C.摆脱；D.给……回电话，根据climbed into bed ，可知是他遇到朋友，在朋友家就寝。故答案是A。

（9）句意：这不只是法律，而是一种我们拥有的约定。A.行为；B.法律；C.建议；D.规矩，根据文章内容可知，遵守交通规则，不仅仅是一种规矩，而是一种约定，故答案是B。

（10）句意：我们相互信任，互相信任，不闯红灯。A.打破；B.解决；C.尊重；D.评判，根据下文所举的列子可知，打架都不要闯红灯，比仅仅是一个法律规定，更重要的是从内心尊重这个规定，并信任大家能够遵守，应使用honor。故答案是C。

（11）句意：与任何反对它的法律相比，坚持它的社会习俗（社会习俗）更可能阻止我做坏事。A.阻止；B.保护；C.拒绝；D.害怕。stop sb. from doing sth，阻止某人做某事，本句为该结构的被动结构，故答案是A。

（12）句意：我为自己那天晚上在交通灯前停了下来而感到骄傲。A.抱歉；B.可疑的；C.确信；D.骄傲，根据前文的叙述可知，我履行了这个约定，信守了这个承诺，所以他为自己感到骄傲，be proud of，为……感到骄傲，固定搭配，故答案是D。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

12．Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.

Travel can be exciting but also dangerous at times. Follow these safety tips to protect yourself. ?Choose your ground transportation 1 .

Whenever possible, travel in a vehicle（机动车） that is in good condition and offers working seat belts. Research the safety records of bus companies, and avoid using less-safe vehicles.

?Find information about your destination

Get trustworthy 2 about wherever you're visiting. Find out everything, from the local laws to any travel warnings （including crime and security warnings）. Make your plan according

to the information.

?Review the escape route in your hotel room

Let's be honest—when you check into a hotel room, you're more 3 beds or swimming pools than studying the map on the back of your door. But before you get too settled in, you should take a quick look at the emergency（紧急情况） escape routes. You'll be glad you did if an emergency arises in the middle of the night.

?Prepare a copy of your passport

Before you leave, get a copy of your passport, take a photo of it to save on your cell phone, and email it to yourself. That way, if you need your passport while out （but it's locked up in your hotel safe）, you'll have all your information. Plus, if it's stolen, getting a replacement will be much 4 .

?Confirm（确认） visitors with the hotel desk

You're in your hotel room and there's a knock at the door from someone saying he is the worker

in the hotel. 5 you let this person in, call down to the front desk to make sure.

?Save emergency numbers

Find out what the local emergency hotlines are and save them to your phone. Also 6 the phone numbers of your country's embassies and save those addresses as well.

1. A. regularly B. properly C. directly D. quickly

2. A. conclusions B. advertisements C. memories D. details

3. A. surprised at B. careful with C. interested in D. used to

4. A. worse B. cheaper C. easier D. clearer

5. A. While B. Before C. Until D. As

6. A. look up B. fill in C. work out D. deal with

【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述的是有关于旅行安全的事情，有几点需要注意，第一是确保车辆安全，第二是尽可能的规划好所有的事情，第三是在陌生环境要注意

人身安全，第四是其他一些事情，比如获取一些紧急联系方式、熟知旅馆逃生路线等。

（1）本题考查副词辨析。句意：正确地选择地面交通工具。A日常的，B正确的，合适的，C直接的，D迅速的，根据Whenever possible， travel in a vehicle（机动车） that is in good condition and offers working seat belts确保车辆是否正常，有无安全带，所以应该是正

确的选择安全性较高的车辆，故选B。

（2）本题考查名词辨析。句意：无论你去哪里，都要获得可靠的细节。A结论，B广告，

C记忆，D细节，根据Find out everything，from the local laws to any travel warnings要确保

知道所有的事情，包括当地的法律以及出行注意事项，由此可知是弄清楚相关的细节，故

选D。

（3）本题考查短语辨析。句意：实话实说，当你入住酒店，相比于门后的地图，你对床

或游泳池更感兴趣。A惊讶，B仔细，C感兴趣，D过去常常，根据beds or swimming pools

than studying the map on the back of your door提到了两种东西，一个是床和游泳池，另外一个是门后面的逃生地图，由此可知是相比于地图，对床和游泳池更感兴趣，故选C。（4）本题考查形容词辨析。句意：如果被偷了，找一个代替品更容易。A更糟，B更便宜，C更简单，D更清楚，根据Plus，if it's stolen 如果被偷了，因为之前拍照了，所以再办或者查找备份信息会很容易，故选C。

（5）本题考查连词辨析。句意：在你让这个人进来之前，先给前台打个电话确认一下。A 然而，B之前，C直到，D当……时候，根据call down to the front desk to make sure向前台询问情况是否属实，这应该在让别人进门之前，故选B。

（6）本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：还可以查询贵国大使馆的电话号码，并保存这些地址。A查阅，B装满，C解决，D处理，根据the phone numbers of your country's embassies and save those addresses as well大使馆的号码，保存下来，在保存信息之前需要先找到这些信息，故选A。

【点评】此题考查完形填空。我们先阅读短文，了解短文大意。然后根据上下文的联系和语境决定句子所缺的成分，从所给的选项中选出合适的词，然后将短文再仔细阅读一遍，确定问题正确答案。

13．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。

Children all like playing games. For most children, the most useful way of 1 their time is playing a game. It doesn't matter what the game is. Things become better when they need a （n） 2 to play with. On the one hand, it is quite 3 for the development of a child's personality （个性）to win and to 4 the best ways to get that. On the other hand, if a child only cares about 5 then for him, playing a game is funny only when he wins. Or if he finds a better partner, he will get 6 and he doesn't want to go on playing. It's parents' 7 to make their children know that: you can't always win and there are many unpleasant moments 8 when you have to learn how to lose. The idea is to compete, to prove you are good, not only to win.

In a word, playing a game is not funny only when you win. It is funny 9 you enjoy it and try your best to win. If you are just a little bit unlucky, don't 10 a lot. You will surely prove your abilities some other day.

1. A. finding B. wasting C. spending D. trying

2. A. owner B. worker C. student D. partner

3. A. useful B. simple C. correct D. special

4. A. pay attention to B. take pride in C. jump out of D. think of

5. A. playing B. studying C. winning D. losing

6. A. unhappy B. lonely C. relaxed D. excited

7. A. rule B. duty C. plan D. habit

8. A. in life B. in the future C. in fact D. in the way

9. A. or B. and C. when D. before

10. A. worry B. believe C. wish D. imagine

【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）A；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：孩子们都喜欢玩游戏.父母的责任是让他们的孩子知道：你不能总是赢，生活中有很多不愉快的时刻，你必须学会如何失败。这个想法是为了竞争，证

明你是好的，而不仅仅是为了胜利。

（1）句意：对大多数孩子来说，最有用的消磨时间的方法就是玩游戏A：finding找到；B：wasting 浪费；C：spending花费； D：trying尝试。根据playing a game.，可知玩游戏

就得花费时间。故选C。

（2）句意：当他们需要一个合作伙伴时，事情会变得更好。A：owner所有者； B：worker工人； C：student学生； D：partner同伴，搭档。根据句末play with与……一起玩

游戏，只能是同伴或搭档，故选D。

（3）句意：它对儿童个性的发展非常有用.A：useful 有用的；B：simple简单的； C：correct 正确的；D：special特殊的。根据下文to win and to 4

the best ways to get that.此处是不定式短语作真正的主语，it是形式主语。可知取胜和

想出最好的方法对个性发展是有用的，故选A。

（4）句意：对于孩子的个性发展来说，取胜和想出最好的方法是非常有用的。A：pay attention to关注； B：take pride in以......为骄傲； C：jump out of 从......跳出来；D：think of考虑，想到。根据上句中的to win，可知为了获胜，就会想出办法获胜，故选D。（5）句意：如果一个孩子只关心赢，那么对他来说，玩游戏只有在他赢的时候才是有趣的。A：playing玩； B：studying学习； C：winning赢； D：losing失败。根据下文playing a game is funny only when he wins.玩游戏他赢时才会觉得有趣，可知上文只关注赢，故

选C。

（6）句意：如果他找到一个更好的搭档，他会很不高兴，不想继续玩下去。A：unhappy 不高兴； B：lonely 孤独的；C：relaxed放松的； D：excited兴奋地。根据下文he doesn't want to go on playing.踏步想玩了。可知他一定是不高兴了。故选A。

（7）句意：父母有责任让他们的孩子知道：你不可能总是赢。A：rule规则； B：duty义务，责任； C：plan计划； D：habit习惯。根据下文to make their children know that: you can't always win and there are many unpleasant moments 8

when you have to learn how to lose.The idea is to compete, to prove you are good, not only to win.你不能总是赢，生活中有很多不愉快的时刻，你必须学会如何失败。这个观念是为了竞争，证明你是好的，而不仅仅是为了胜利。可知让孩子懂得这些是父母的责任，故选B。

（8）句意：生活中有很多不愉快的时刻，你必须学会如何失败。A：in life生活中； B：in the future 在将来；C：in fact 实际上；D：in the way阻挡。根据when you have to learn how to lose. The idea is to compete, to prove you are good, not only to win.你不能总是赢，有很多不愉快的时刻，你必须学会如何失败。这个想法是为了竞争，证明你是好的，而不仅仅是为了胜利。这部分不是谈论游戏而是谈论生活中的赢与失败。故选A。

（9）句意：当你享受它并尽最大努力去赢得它时，这是很有趣的。A：or否则，或者；

初中记叙文阅读理解(7篇)

一．阅读下面的文章，回答下列各小题。 回家 ①已近年关，隐藏在大山褶皱里的小县城年味渐浓。火车的汽笛声频繁地响起。一条悠长的巷道里藏着几户人家。一座陈旧的小四合院里传来清脆的电话铃声。 ②妈，再过一两个小时我们就到家了，晚饭回家吃，一年没吃到您做的饭了，呵呵。 ③你这孩子，咋突然就改主意了？不早讲，也好让妈提前高兴着，刚才还和苗苗念叨呢，苗苗一直想去看你们呢。 ④不是想给您个惊喜吗，呵呵。 ⑤好好好，妈这就准备去。苗苗奶奶放下电话，苗苗，你都听到了吧，你爸妈一会就到家喽，自己好好玩，奶奶给你做好吃的。奶奶脸上的皱纹一下全舒展开了。 ⑥五岁的苗苗听说爸妈要回家了，高兴得手舞足蹈，冲向大门口。奶奶扶起被门槛绊倒的孙子，轻拍了下孙子的小脑瓜，乐呵呵跑进了厨房。 ⑦就是，有钱没钱也得回家过年嘛。你们不记挂妈，不记挂苗苗，俺祖孙俩可天天伸脖子盼呢。苗苗奶奶一边自言自语，一边恨不得手脚并用地忙活。一切准备就绪，额头上竟沁出了一层细密的汗珠。瞅着还算丰盛的菜肴，关键都是儿子媳妇爱吃的，喜滋滋地擦了擦汗，又捶了几下腰，却并不急着点火。天寒地冻的，等着儿子媳妇回家边炒边吃。也就在此时她才忽然想起小孙子，好像老一会没听到动静了，心里不知咋的“咯噔”一下，边喊边出了厨房，无人应答。 ⑧苗苗奶奶翻遍了满屋满院，犄角旮旯，仍不见小孙子人影，便心慌慌地跑出院子，挨家挨户寻找。邻居们都是一样的答案，她大声呼喊着追出巷子，来到街上，四下里飞速扫了一遍，眼里满是失望和惊恐。 ⑨这个节骨眼上孙子要是出点啥事，这个年还咋过？我咋向他爸妈交代？老天爷啊！苗苗奶奶双腿如灌了铅，“扑通”瘫坐在地上。 ⑩天色渐晚，还飘起了雪花。 ?咱这儿就巴掌大的地方，何况还报了警，他们很快就能把苗苗找到的。

小学语文记叙文阅读理解专题训练

记叙文 记叙文的特点就是以记叙为主要表达方式，综合其他表达方式；以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容；通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景来表达一定的中心。 记叙文是指记人、叙事、写景、状物等类的文章。古代的记、传、序、表、志等，现代的消息、通讯、简报、特写、传记、回忆录、游记等，都属于记叙文的范畴。 写作记叙文要做到一下几点： 第一，要交代明白。无论记人记事，还是写景状物，一般都要交代明白时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果，否则文章就不完整。 第二，线索清楚。虽然观察的角度、记述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都应当有一条绾联材料、统贯全篇的中心线索，否则文章就会松散。 第三，人称要一致。无论用第一人称“我”记述，还是用第三人称“他”记述，都要通篇一贯，一般不宜随意转换，否则就容易造成混乱。 记叙文以记叙为主，但往往也间有描写、抒情和议论，不可能有截然的划分。它是一种形式灵活、写法尽可能多样的文体。 记叙文,是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。 说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。 说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。 说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。 文艺性说明文是通过文艺的形式介绍科学知识的说明文。 说明文的特点是“说”，而且具有一定的知识性。这种知识，或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察的所得，都具有严格的科学性。为了要把事物说明白，就必须把握事物的特征，进而揭示出事物的本质属性，即不仅要说明“是什么”，还要说明“为什么”是这样。应用性说明文一般只要求说明事物的特征，阐述性说明文则必须揭示出问题的本源和实质。 说明文是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识：或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。《中国石拱桥》属于前者，它以赵州桥和卢沟桥为例说明中国石拱桥“不但形式优美，而且结构坚固”的特征。《大自然的语言》属于后者，文章科学地说明了物候学知识。说明事物特点和阐明事理是说明文的两种类型。 议论文 议论文是对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。 论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式；论据基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。 写议论文要考虑论点，考虑用什么作论据来证明它，怎样来论证，然后得出结论。它可以是先提出一个总论点，然后分别进行论述，分析各个分论点，最后得出结论；也可以先引述一个故事，一段对话，或描写一个场面，再一层一层地从事实分析出道理，归纳引申出一个新的结论。这种写法叫总分式，是中学生经常采用的一种作文方式。也可以在文章开头先提出一个人们关心的疑问，然后一一

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