简单句,并列句和复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句
句子种类:
按句子的用途可分四种：
1) 陈述句(肯定句、否定句) ：He is a lovely boy. She didn’t work hard before.
2) 疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)：Do you like skating? How much is it? Is he six or seven years old? Lucy can play the piano, can’t she?
3) 祈使句：Be on time, please! Don’t arrive late for school!
4) 感叹句：How hard-working they are! What a nice girl she is! How time flies! 按句子的结构可分三种：
1) 简单句：只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和一个谓语(或并列谓语) 。
He often reads English in the morning.一主语，一谓语
Tom and Mike are American boys.并列主语，一谓语
She likes writing and often writes articles for newspapers.一主语，并列谓语
简单句的五种基本句型(其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。)
①主谓: He left.
②主谓宾: Henry bought a dictionary.
③主谓双宾: My father bought me a car.
④主谓宾补: Tom made the baby laugh.
⑤主系表: He is a student.
主语: 句子说明的人或事物。
谓语: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
表语: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
宾语：1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。
补语：宾补，对宾语的补充。主补，对主语的补充。定语：修饰或限制名词或代词。
状语：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
2) 并列句：由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you.
并列句的分类
①表并列。常用连词有and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等。
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
He could neither read nor write.
He not only studies hard, but also likes sports.
②表选择。常用连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
Either you didn’t understand this, or you were not careful
③表转折。常用连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
Tom was not there but his brother was (there).
There was no news, nevertheless, she went on hoping.
④表因果，常用连词有so, for, therefore等。
August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
He hurried, for it was getting dark.
He liked the book very much, so I gave it to him
3) 复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。包含：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句) 、定语从句和状语从句等。从句就是一个从句在主句中充当一个成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。从句在句子中作什么成分就叫什么从句。
1.主语从句用作主语的从句叫作主语从句。
(1)由what, whatever, whoever等代词引导主语从句。
如: What she likes is watching the children play
Whatever you have heard must be kept secret
Whoever fails to pass the exam will be dismissed
(2)that引导It is tight that you told him the truth
(3)由连接副词whether, when, how, where, why引导主语从句。
如：Why the fire broke out at night remains a mystery
Whether we can help you is a difficult question
When the meeting will be held has not been decided
(4)主语从句后移
主语从句虽然可以放在谓语的前面，但是当主语从句较长而谓语较短时，常用代词作形式主语，而把主语从句放到句子后边。
如：It is uncertain whether he wants to go or not
It turned out true that he had done nothing wrong
2. 表语从句用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，通常由that, what, where, why, ho 等连接词引导。
(1) if, whether, that引导表语从句，有时也用as, because, as if, as though, lest引导表语从句。
如：The question is that we must be good at learning from others. It looks as if it’s going to rain
(2) what, which, who等连接代词。
如: That is what I want to tell you The question is which of the classes we choose to be the excellent one
(3)how, when, where, why等连接副词。
如：The question is how we can help him
That is why he has been late
3. 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，作短语动词的宾语，介词的宾语。
及物动词的宾语
Everybody knows that money doesn't grow on trees.
短语动词的宾语
Please go and find out when the train will arrive.
介词的宾语
I am interested in what she is doing.
否定的转移
I don't suppose you're used to this diet.
我想你不习惯这种饮食。
I don't believe she'll arrive before 8.
我相信她8点之前不会到。
4. 同位从句一般跟在某些名词如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事实)，belief (信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；观念)，promise(承诺)，information(信息)，conclusion(结论)，order(命令)，suggestion(建议)，problem(问题)，thought (想法)等后面。
I had no idea that you were here.
She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.
He made a promise that he would never come late.
He hasn’t made the de cision whether he will go there.
I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.
I have no idea what he is doing now.
It’s a question how he did it
5.状语从句
①地点状语从句。
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
②方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1) as, (just) as…so…
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2) as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if (as though)he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。)
③原因状语从句
Because he is very hard-working, he passed the exam.
④目的状语从句
表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, in case等词引导：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
⑤结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so…that 或such…that引导:
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
⑥条件状语从句
连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
Let's go out for a walk unlessyou are too tired.
If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
⑦让步状语从句
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
⑧时间状语从句
由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。
1.由when, while, just, just as, as，after, before, since, until, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.(当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。）
You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.( 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。)
Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.(我们的校长边谈边笑。)
When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬时动词)
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we were going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。
He will call you as soon as he arrives there.
2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。
It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）
3.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果主句的谓
语动词用一般过去时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，从句的谓语动词用将来完成时（主将从现）。
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。
4.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。
Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。
Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。
You grow younger every time I see you. 每次遇到你，见你更年轻了。
练习1初中部分
1. Give me one more minute ____ I’ll be able to finish it.
A. and
B. or
C. if
D. so
2. It’s the third time tha t John has been late, ____?
A. hasn’t he
B. isn’t he
C. isn’t it
D. hasn’t it
3. ____ joyful he was to meet his brother again!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
4. Let us pass, ____?
A. shan’t we
B. shall we
C. won’t we
D. will you
5. I suppose he’s serious, ____ ?
A. do I
B. don’t I
C. is he
D. isn’t he
6. You had better not smoke here, ____?
A. will you
B. had you
C. shall you
D. have you
7. Train as hard as you can ____ you’ll win the swimming competition.
A. then
B. but
C. and
D. or
8. I’m sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.
A. and
B. but
C. so
D. because
9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and ____.
A. Henry hasn’t too
B. Henry also has not either
C. neither Henry has
D. neither has Henry
10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others
enjoy swimming.
A. or
B. for
C. while
D. so
11. ---- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home?
---- I’d like to go out. A. or B. and C. but D. so
12. ---- “____ is the temperature today?”----“It’s 38 degrees.”
A. Which
B. How
C. How hot
D. How high
13. ---- Your uncle isn’t an engin eer, is he? ---- ____.
A. Yes, he isn’t
B. No, he isn’t
C. No, he is
D. He is
14. ____ friendly ____ to everyone!
A. How, is she
B. What, is she
C. How, she is
D. What, she is
15. Mary went to bed early, ____ she felt very tired.
A. or
B. so
C. for
D. yet
16. Mother ____ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. was making
B. makes
C. is making
D. made
17. He lay in bed ____ read something borrowed from library.
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. yet
18. ---- I’d really like some lunch but I have s o much work to do.
---- ____ what you want and I can get it for you.
A. Tell me
B. If you would say to me
C. You will tell me
D. If you tell me
19. As he is strong, ____ can lift one hundred pounds.
A. yet he
B. but he
C. and
D. he
20. ---- I thought you had an umbrella. ---- I had, ____ I’ve lost it.
A. since
B. but
C. because
D. so
21. ____ down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turning
B. T o turn
C. Turned
D. Turn
22. ---- I don’t like chicken ____ fish.---- I don’t like chicken ____ I like fish very much.
A. and, and
B. and, but
C. or, and
D. or, but
23. ---- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
---- I’d like to, ____ I’m too busy.
A. and
B. so
C. as
D. but
24. Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and
B. then
C. or
D. otherwise
25. She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later.
A. arriving
B. to arrive
C. having arrived
D. and arrived
26. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing
B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed
D. and angrily pointed
27. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A. whom
B. where
C. which
D. while
28. ____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left
B. Leaving
C. If you leave
D. Leave
29. ---- Alice, you feed the bird today, ____? ---- But I fed it yesterday.
A. do you
B. will you
C. didn’t you
D. don’t you
30. ____ him and then try to copy what he does.
A. Mind
B. Glance at
C. Stare at
D. Watch
1~5 ACADD 6~10 BCBDC 11~15 ADBCC 16~20 ABADB 21~25 DDDCD 26~30 ADDBD
练习2高中部分
1. Excuse me for breaking in, ____ I have some news for you.
A. and
B. yet
C. so
D. but
2. --- Don’t you enjoy helping me?
--- ______
A. Yes, I’m afraid not.
B. No, sure enough.
C. Yes, I do enjoy it.
D. No, certainly I do
3. In Shenzhou VI, Chinese astronauts are not only spaceship drivers, ____ machine repairers and scientists.
A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but
4. Some people waste a lot of food ____ others in the world haven’t enough to eat.
A. after
B. when
C. as
D. while
5. Stop making so much noise ____ the neighbor will start complaining.
A. or else
B. but still
C. and then
D. so that
6. Mr. Lee never said he hated school when he was a child, ____ ?
A. was he
B. wasn’t he
C. did he
D. didn’t he
7. There is no light or sound in the house. They must have gone to the cinema, ____ ?
A. didn’t he
B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they
D. haven’t they
8. They were playing in the garden ____ they heard a scream.
A. while
B. as
C. until
D. when
9. Mum, I’ve reviewed my lessons for a whole day. Let me play the computer games for a little while, ____ ?
A. shall I
B. can I
C. will you
D. don’t you
10. ____ some teenagers don’t realize is ____ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. What; how
B. That; how
C. That; what
D. What; what a
11. ____ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.
A. If walking
B. While walking
C. Walking
D. When one is walking
12. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.
A. What is required
B. What requires
C. It is required
D. It requires
13. These shoes look very good. I wonder ____ .
A. how much cost they are
B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost
D. how much are they cost
14. Doris’ success lies in the fact ____ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. why
15. ____ is often the case, he succeeded in this examination again.
A. What
B. So
C. Which
D. As
16. They are discussing in the next room ____ will go to the conference on behalf of the manager.
A. however
B. who
C. what
D. whomever
17. --- Was it under the tree ____ you were away talking to a friend?
--- Sure. But when I get back there, the car was gone.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. while
18. They began to think about ____ could be made of these valuable materials.
A. how use
B. full use
C. better
D. what use
19. A good ad often uses words ____ people attach positive meanings.
A. in which
B. to which
C. which
D. that
20. We can’t bear the idea that some people might be better than us, ____ hard we tried.
A. no matter
B. however
C. as
D. what
21. It’s believed that parks are to the city ____ lungs are to the body.
A. what
B. like
C. that
D. which
22. ____ our country has so many good table-tennis players, we have to decide on the best ones to take part in the game.
A. Although
B. Since
C. If
D. While
23. The Grand Theatre is located on one corner of ____ is called the People’s Square.
A. which
B. what
C. the place
D. that
24. ____ much progress you can make in all your subjects in the future, you should keep modest.
A. However
B. Whatever
C. What
D. How
25. The news ____ Shenzhou-6 spaceship safely returned from space on October 17th, 2005 excited all the Chinese people.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. what
26.____ the window, my finger was seriously cut.
A. Having cleaned
B. To clean
C. While cleaning
D. While I was cleaning
27. I’d like to settle down somewhere ____ the climate is mild an d the sun shines all year long.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
28. My grandpa sowed the flower seeds in the garden ____ it was the best time for them to grow.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. until
29. They always give the vacant seats to ____ comes first.
A. who
B. whoever
C. whom
D. whomever
30. I would appreciate it ____ you can help me with my English this afternoon.
A. because
B. until
C. when
D. if
31. I like to have my photos taken ____ there are mountains and rivers.
A. there
B. in which
C. when
D. where
32. Mr Hopkins has not yet answered my question ____ I can go with him to ____ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.
A. that; which
B. that; where
C. whether; that
D. whether; what
33. When Edison invented the light bulb, he tried over 2000 experiments ____ he got it to work.
A. as
B. after
C. when
D. before
34. I thought he was a warm-hearted and trustworthy person ____ I met him.
A. first time
B. for the first time
C. the first time
D. by the first time
35. --- How do you find the new job?
--- I don’t care what it is ____ I can make a living.
A. unless
B. even if
C. while
D. as long as
36. I was advised to arrange for insurance ____ I needed medical treatment.
A. nevertheless
B. although
C. in case
D. so that
37. He never said that he was good at mathematics, ____ ?
A. was he
B. wasn’t he
C. did he
D. didn’t he
38. If you want help—money or anything, let me know, ____ you?
A. don’t
B. will
C. shall
D. do
39. --- I reminded you not to forget the appointment.
--- _____ .
A. So you did
B. So I do not
C. So did you
D. So do I
40. ____ and I’ll get the work finished.
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
41. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ____ will promote its economic development.
A. in nature
B. in return
C. in turn
D. in fact
42. At the foot of the mountain _____ .
A. a village lie
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village
43. Mrs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, ____ ?
A. is he
B. isn’t he
C. doesn’t she
D. does she
44. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ____ .
A. he’d like to collect coins as well
B. he feels like collecting coins, too
C. to collect coins is also his hobby
D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure
45. An awful accident ____ , however, occur the other day.
A. does
B. did
C. has to
D. had to
46. ____ some of this juice—perhaps you’ll like it.
A. Trying
B. Try
C. To try
D. Have tried
47. T here aren’t many cafes, and let’s stop at the next place we see, _____ ?
A. are there
B. will you
C. shall we
D. don’t you
48. Do you want ____ to be a lot of trees around your cottage?
A. it
B. there
C. that
D. one
49. --- The project wasn’t difficul t for him, was it?
--- ____ . He should have been given a more difficult one.
A. No, it was
B. Yes, it was
C. Yes, it wasn’t
D. No, it wasn’t
50. ____ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.
A. To believe
B. Believed
C. Believing
D. Believe
51. The poor young man is ready to accept _____ help he can get.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whenever
52. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _____ I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as
B. as a result
C. in case
D. so that
53. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that
B. while
C. which
D. when
54. It is almost five years _____ we saw each other last time.
A. before
B. since
C. after
D. when
55. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ____ his teammates had done.
A. what
B. which
C. why
D. while
56. One advantage of playing the guitar is ____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
A. how
B. why
C. that
D. when
57. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
A. What is required
B. What requires
C. It is required
D. It requires
58. ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because
B. What; that
C. That; what
D. That; because
59. It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who
B. whoever
C. whom
D. whomever
60. ____ , I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
61. After ____ seemed half an hour the teacher gave us the correct answer.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. it
62. Without facts, a person can’t form a correct opinion, for he needs to have actual knowledge ____ his thinking.
A. which to be based on
B. on which to base
C. which to be based
D. which to base
63. Do you doubt _____ he will help us if we are in trouble?
A. that
B. whether
C. if
D. the fact
64. The reason ____ he didn’t have breakfast this morning was ____ he got up too late.
A. for which; because
B. which; that
C. why; that
D. why; because
65. Mr. Smith is difficult to please. He shows no content with ____ I do.
A. what
B. whatever
C. which
D. that
66. Word comes that free souvenirs will be given to ____ comes first.
A. no matter whom
B. whomever
C. no matter who
D. whoever
67. The whole country is going for economy, the importance ____ is known to everybody now.
A. that
B. which
C. of which
D. of it
68. What the teacher said would show you ____ can be used in other conditions.
A. how what you have observed
B. that how you have observed
C. how that you have observed
D. that you have observed
69. The recent information has been put forward ____ more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. as
B. which
C. while
D. that
70. There are moments in life ____ you miss someone so much that you just want to
pick them up from dreams and hug them for real.
A. where
B. how
C. why
D. when
71. He us so easy-going a man ____ everyone wants to work with.
A. whom
B. that
C. as
D. /
72. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ____ they swam in it.
A. when
B. that
C. who
D. where
73. There is not one of us ____ wishes to help you. We are doing our best.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. but
74. I think you’ve got to the point ____ a change is needed, or you would fail.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
75. They ____ the habit of visiting old friends, _____ I think is great.
A. keep on; which
B. keep up; which
C. keep on; as
D. keep up; as
76. --- The weather isn’t good enough for an outing, is it?
--- Not in the leas t. We can’t have ____ at this time of the year.
A. a nicer day
B. a worse day
C. a worst day
D. so fine a day
77. The great trouble he ____ show us how to run the machine ____ him completely tired out.
A. took to; made
B. takes to; make
C. took; made
D. take to; to make
78. I had not believed in falling in love with somebody at first sight ____ I met David on Valentine’s Day three years ago.
A. when
B. unless
C. if
D. before
79. Though ____ in a big city, Bill always prefers to sing the songs of country life.
A. bringing up
B. grown
C. raised
D. keeping
80. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are ____ they leave the Arab world forever.
A. even though
B. in case
C. whenever
D. until
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26-30DCBBD 31-35DDDCD 36-40CCBAB 41-45CBDDB 46-50BCBDD
51-55CDDAA 56-60CCBAC 61-65BBACB 66-70DCADD 71-75CADBB
76-80BADCD
简单句并列句复合句(全)
根据句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 1简单句 只包含一个主谓结构，He is a doctor. 2并列句 用并列连词and，but，or把两个的简单句连接而成。 He is a doctor ,and
she is a teacher. I liked the story , but he didn’t like it. Hurry up，or you will be late. 3 复合句 句型：主句+连词+从句 连词+从句+主句（包含一个主句、一个从句的句子叫复合句。）
1).定语从句 2).状语从句 3).名词性从句 I don’t like the wa y (that, in which) he talked to me. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which t
he cover/the cover of which）
二、状语从句 1 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常 由where, wherever 引导。 Where I live there are plenty of trees. Wherever I am I wil l be thinking of yo u.
2 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…s o…, as if, as thou gh引导。 1）as, (just) as…s o…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时a s从句带有比喻的含
简单句并列句复合句
简单句、并列句、复合句 一．简单句：仅有一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。 1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。 and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但： (1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。 (2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。 (3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each，every，many a，no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。 2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。 3.选择疑问句。 4.反意疑问句。 (1)陈述句+省略问句 (2)祈使句+附加疑问句 反意疑问句的回答 二．并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or 联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接 如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way. 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接 如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…,等连接 如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接. 如: it was late, so we went home. 在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉. 如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time. because和so; although, though和but 不能连用 三．复合句:有一个主句和若干个从句组成 1. What I want to explain is this. 2.We should never pretend to know what we don’t know. 3.That’s exactly what I am planning to do. 4.We expressed the hope that they would come and visit china again. 5.He asked me to stay where I was. 6. The comrade whom you spoke to is a model worker.
简单句、并列句、复合句(习题)
简单句、并列句、复合句（习题） 一、单项选择 ( )1.—______ will the supper be ready? I’m very hungry. —In a minute. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often ( )2.—Few well-known singers came to the concert, did they? —______, such as Andy Lau, Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang. A. No, they didn’t B. Yes, they did C. No, they did D. Yes, they didn’t ( )3.______ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been ( )4.—Tom, come out and join us! —______ till I finish what I ______, OK? A. Wait; do B. Waiting; do C. Waiting; am doing D. Wait; am doing ( )5.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _______ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )6.—The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized (倾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st. —_____ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue (救援)? A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )7.Look at the man over there. _____he is! A. How tall B. How a tall C. What a tall D. What tall ( )8.—Finish your homework ______ you can’t play computer games, Jim. —All right, Mum. A. but B. till C. and D. or ( )9.—Hello, Lily, you are busy. Can I give you a hand? —Thanks very much, ______ I can manage. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )10.—Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack? —Certainly. _____ he comes back. A. Before B. As soon as C. Until D. Unless
简单句,并列句,复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句 一句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句: 1) 简单句: 有时句子虽长, 但只有一个主谓结构, 仍是简单句, 例如: Yesterday we went to an exhibition on the life and work of Lenin, the great revolutionary leader of the working class. 有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语, 也仍然是简单句 There he was a leader of the student movement and took an active part in revolutionary work. Both the teachers and the students were very active in physical labour. Comrade Yang and I often study together and help each other. 2) 并列句: 一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构, 就称为并列句。 He was always close to the people, and the people loved him. I didn't make any mistakes in the test, but my handwriting was poor. Some are walking by the lake, others are sitting on the benches and chatting. 并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。各个分句用并列连词(如and, but 等)连接；在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词, 而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。 3) 复合句: I hope (希望) you will help me with my grammar. (作宾语) He took full notes while he read. (作状语) My idea is that we go by bicycle. (作表语) 这种作为一个句子成分的主谓结构称为从句(以别于主句,即全句的主要部分)。按照句法作用的不同,从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、表语从句等等。 注:如果一个并列句中某一分句是一个复合句,这种句子称为并列复合句。例如: He was very busy, but he said he would come. 二。状语从句 英语中带状语从句的复合句是很多的。状语从句有的表示时间,有的表示原因、条件等等,因此也可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句等等,例如: 1) 时间状语从句: After he finished school there, he went to the University of Kazan. We lived in the peasants' homes when we were in the countryside. She was in Nanjing before she came here. Every time the cock began to c row, he would shout: “Get up, you lazy bones!” 2) 条件状语从句: If you have any questions, write them on a slip of paper. 3) 原因状语从句: He didn't come to class because he was ill. 此外还有“结果”“目的”等等状语从句。状语从句大多数都由从属连词(如after, when, because, if 等)引起。由这种词引起的主谓结构不能成为独立的句子,只能作状语从句。连词在句中一般不重读,但在句首可以重读。 在使用状语从句时要注意: 1) 状语从句本身结构必须完整, 不能没有主语, 例如: After he took the medicine, he felt better. (吃了药之后他就感到好些了。) Come again when you have time. (有空的时候请再来。) 2) 状语从句如在主句的后面,可以不必用逗号隔开；如在主句之前, 一般要用逗号。例如: It was already eight o'clock when we got home.
高考英语简单句、并列句和复合句总结
高考英语简单句、并列句和复合句总结 考点一简单句 1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构. 2.五种简单句: 1)主+谓. He comes at last. 2)主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice. 3)主+谓+宾. They reached the village. 4)主+谓+间宾+直宾. He gave me a pen. 5)主+谓+宾+宾补. I find that book very useful. 考点二并列句 并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句，用连词连接起来。 常用的连接词有： 1.表示顺承关系的：and, not only…but also（不仅….而且….）等。 She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______ helped us to overcome difficulties. Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _____ at last she succeeded. 2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or（还是，否则） Do you want to leave now ____ would you rather set off later? Wear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold. 3.表示转折关系的有but, yet等。 He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力。 4.表示因果关系的有for, so 等。 My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼，因此我去看医生。 考点三主从复合句：宾语从句 1.宾语从句的引导词 （1）引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略) He tells me (that ) he is going shopping this Sunday. (2) 引导一般疑问句用if或whether. She asked me if\ whether she could join us. (whether…or not) (3) 引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词。 She asked them what they were doing. 2.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序。 I want to know when the train left. 3. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。 He tells us that he has been able to look after himself. (2)主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。 They said that they had already finished the work. (3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句 都用一般现在时。 He said that light travels faster than sound. 3. 练习 1）She asked me, “Will you go to the cinema tomorrow?” (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句 文章来源：互联网 在前面各讲中所说的肯定句、否定句、各种疑问句、感叹句等，是根据句子的作用来划分的。今天，我们再学习一种新的分类方法：即根据句子的内部结构，特别是句子与句子之间的关系来划分的方法。根据句子结构，可以分为三种主要类型：简单句、并列句、复合句，另外还有一种叫并列-复合句子。 要搞懂英语句子结构分类，有一点首先必须明白：即什么是“句子”？句子的概念有两层含义：一是它能表达一个清晰、完整的意思。反过来讲，只要能表达一个清晰、完整的意思的语言单位，不论是长是短，哪怕是一个单词，也算作是一个句子。这是从意义方面来说的。二是句子的结构完整。所谓“完整”，最核心的是一个句子应该有“主语、谓语”。也就是说，有主语、有谓语的语言单位就是一个句子。这就是从句子结构方面来分的，也是从句子语法成份方面来划分的。我们所讲的简单句、并列句、复合句都是从主语、谓语来判定句子类型的。 如果按照句子的结构分类，英文句子可分为三种类型：简单句(Simple Sentence)，并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。 一、简单句 简单句的定义是：或者只有一个主语，或者只有一个谓语。为什么说“或者”呢？因为简单句可以只有一个主语，但有几个谓语；或者可以有几个主语，但只有一个谓语。这样一分，简单句就有三种形式了。 1、只有一个主语、一个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。 The film is not interesting. 这部电影没有意思。 Can you finish the work on time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ 2、只有一个主语，但有几个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： The boy were running, shouting and laughing. 男孩们一边跑，一边笑，一边喊叫着。 You cannot listen to music and memorize at the same time. 你不能既听音乐，同时又背诵东西。 Computers mean a lot to human beings and are paidmore and more attention by people.
简单句-并列句和复合句用法及习题
: 七年级上册： Unit 1—Unit 9:侧重于陈述句和疑问句。 七年级下册： Unit 4:祈使句 Don't eat in the classroom. Unit 8：倒装句 There is a zoo in my neighborhood. Unit 2,Unit 3,Unit 5,Unit 9,Unit 11,Unit 12:特殊疑问句。 | 八年级上册： Unit 7:There will be more people. There will be more pollution. Unit 8:First,peel the bananas. Next, put the bananas in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender. 八年级下册： Unit 3:For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 九年级： Unit 2 :What fun the Water Festival is! How fantastic the dragon boat teams were! " 一、陈述句和疑问句 1.陈述句 用来陈述一个事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫“陈述句”，句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。 (1)肯定句的基本结构：“主语+谓语+宾语”。例如：I play basketball after school. (2)否定句又分为完全否定和部分否定。
英语简单句并列句复合句和练习题
英语简单句、并列句、复合句及练习 一、简单句 1、概述 只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子称为简单句。 I am a student.我是一个学生。 She likes English very much.她非常喜欢英语。 He usually does morning exercises on the playground.他常常在操场上做早操。 2、简单句的基本句型 英语简单句可分为五种基本句型，其它的句子可看成是这几种基本句型的扩展、组合、倒装、省略。这五个基本句式：主谓结构（S + V）；主系表结构（S + V + P ）；主谓宾结构（S + V + O ）；主谓双宾结构（S + V + IO + DO）；主谓宾补结构（S + V + O + C） 说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；IO=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C=宾语补足语 （1）主谓结构（S + V） 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。 He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 Plants grow well all the year round.一年四季植物生长良好。 （2）主系表结构（S + V + P ） 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seems interested in the book他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站着。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式。 He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。
英语简单句、并列句、复合句
名师手记之：英语篇（简单句、并列句和复合句） 1.简单句、并列句和复合句 ① 句子种类两种分类法 按照句子的用途，英语的句子可分：陈述句(肯定、否定)、疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意)、祈使句、感叹句等四种。 按照句子的结构可分：简单句并列句和复合句三种。 简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语。并列句由并列连词and, but, or，so等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。复合句：含有一个或一个 以上从句的句子。复合句包含：状语从句\名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句等三种。 ② 并列句的分类 并列句指把两个同等重要的句子连接在一起，句子之间常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等并列连词连接。 表示选择关系常用的连词有：or, either…or…, otherwise等 表示转折关系常用的连词有：but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 表示因果关系常用的连词有：so, for, therefore等。 2.状语从句： (1)状语从句的分类 状语从句通常修饰主句的动词或整个句子，由从属连词引导，从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。根据状语从句所表达的不同意义和功能，可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式等状语从句。 (2)连接状语从句的词语 时间状语从句：when, whenever每当……，after, before, as, as soon as, hardly/ scarcely...when..., no sooner...than.。.一……就……，while, till, until, since,
简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换
简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换 审稿：白雪雁责编：张敏 句型转换是句子类别的转换，其目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力，才能在考试的评分中得到较高档次的分数。这就要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，懂得各种句型如何转换，运用准确，这有利于提高英语口语和书面表达能力。 简单句与复合句之间的互变 很多复合句和简单句可以互变，意思上不发生太大的变化。在很多情况下，是将复合句里的从句变为一个短语。不论是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，在一定的情况下都可以这样转换。 主语从句有时可以和短语互换，它既可以是不定式短语也可以是动名词短语。 (1) When and where we should hold the meeting is still to be discussed． →When and where to hold the meeting is still to be discussed． (2) It worried her a great deal that her son would stay up so late． →Her son’s staying up so late worried her a great deal． (3) What we had to do was to stand there，trying to catch the offender． →We had to stand there to catch the offender． 表语从句有时可以和短语互换，与它互换的可以是不定式短语和动名词短语。 My idea is that we should do it right now． →My idea is to do it fight now． 在某些动词的后面宾语从句可以和一个动名词短语或不定式短语互换． (1) I regret that I had told you the secret． →I regret telling you the secret． (3) They don’t know whether they shall carry out the old plan or not． →They don’t know whether to carry out the old plan or not． 个别的同位语从句也可以和一个短语互换。 The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging． →The news of our being invited to the conference is very encouraging 有些定语从句可以和一个不定式短语，分词短语或介词短语互换。 (1) Can those who are seated at the back of the classroom hear me? →Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me? (2) What are the most important measures we should take? →What are the important measures to be taken? (3) The young man who was in the possession of the firm was at a desk． →The young man in the possession of the firm was at a desk． 状语从句和短语互换的情形很多，常用分词短语来替代状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件。用不定式短语来替代状语从句，表示目的、结果、原因；另外介词短语可以和表示时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句互换。
简单句并列句复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn 't hear of you before. 2 ）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating?How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don 't talaksisn cl 4 ）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2）并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or 等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型 1 、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2 、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+ 宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+ 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+ 复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 （三）并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only …but also …,neither …nc等连接。n e.g. The teacher 's name is Smith, and the student ' s name is John. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either …or …,othen等Se e.g. Hurry up, or you ' ll miss the train. 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when 等。 e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
高中 简单句,并列句,复合句 练习 有答案
高中英语练习题------简单句,并列句,复合句 选择填空： 1. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, _____ ? A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they 2. _____ help if you can, and our country will improve more quickly and better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. Lucy, you wash the dishes, _____ ? Mom, can’t Lily do it? It’s her turn to do it. A. don’t you B. can you C. shall you D. will you 4. I will not take an umbrella with me today. -- _____ it rains later on in the day? A. How B. What C. How about D. What if 5. Y ou ought to stay up late tonight, _____ you? Y es. I’ve got too much homework. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t 6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul, _____? A. can it B. can’t it C. can they D. can’t they 7. There used to be a church in the small town, _____? A. used there B. usedn’t there C. used it D. usedn’t it 8. She isn’t your neig hbour, is she? _____ . A. Y es, she isn’t B. No, she is C. Y es, she is D. No, isn’t she 9. _____ to be a PLA soldier when I was young. -- And now you are. A. How I wanted B. How did I want C. What I wanted D. What did I want 10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of that 11. After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from _____ she used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who 12. _____ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ h e is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 14. Information has been put forward _____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 15. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. what 16. The students of the music school study _____ . A. music but also some other subjects B. some other subjects as well as music C. music as well as some other subjects D. some other subjects and music 17. _____ air is to man, so is water to fish. A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As 18. There is plenty of rain in the south _____ there is little in the north. A. while B. as C. when D. so
简单句、并列句和复合句(包括五大句型)重要
简单句、并列句和复合句 (一)句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种: 1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn't hear of you before. 2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意): Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can't she? 3)祈使句:Be careful, boys; Don't talk in class 4)感叹句:How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种: 1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. 3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。主从复合句即是复杂句 复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. (二)简单句的五种基本句型 1、主语+系动词+表语:e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词:e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注:其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 (三)并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念,常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。 e.g. The teacher's name is Smith, and the student's name is John. 2、表示选择,常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. 3、表示转折,常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4、表示因果关系,常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. (四)高考考点探讨 1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多,但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解,在书面表达中,没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。 2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。
简单句,复合句,并列句
简单句，复合句，并列句 鹿俊先江苏省沛县湖西中学 221611 通过简单句，复合句，并列句之间的相互转换能够使学习者温故知新，在准确理解的基础上牢固掌握并灵活应用各种复杂的句型。英语中各种句型间的相互转换常见以下几类： 一、简单句←→复合句 1、表示动作意义的名词、动名词短语或起名词的作用的不定式短语有时与名词性从句可以互相转变。例如： His sudden death made us sad. ←→That he suddenly died made us very sad. His words deeply upset me. ←→what he said deeply upset me. The president’s attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. ←→It gave them a great deal of encouragement that the president attended the meeting himself. His coming back so soon was quite unexpected. ←→It was quite unexpected that he should come back so soon. What worried the child was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. ←→What worried the child was that he was not allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. It is necessary for us to learn how to use the computer. ←→It is necessary that we should learn how to use the computer. Our intention was to help you. ←→Our intention was that we should help you. I hope to become a teacher. ←→I hope that I will become a teacher. Don't forget to attend the lecture. ←→Don't forget (that) you should attend the lecture. I still remember being / having been taken to Beijing when I was a child. →I still remember (that) I was taken to Beijing when I was a child. I'm sure of his failure. ←→I'm sure (