词汇5

41. These were stubborn men. not easily ________to change their mind.

A) tilted C) persuaded

B) converted D) suppressed

42. The circus has always been very, popular because it ________both the old and the young.

A) facilitates C) immerses

B) fascinates D) indulges

43. By patient questioning the lawyer managed to ________enough information from the witnesses.

A) evacuate C) impart

B) withdraw D) elicit

44. George enjoys talking about people's private affairs. He is a ________.

A) solicitor C) gossip

B) coward D) rebel

45. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.

A) concise C) precise

B) brisk D) elaborate

46. His face ________as he came in after running all the way from school.

A) flared C) fluttered

B) fluctuated D) flushed

47. Steel is not as ________ as cast iron; it does not break as easily.

A) elastic C) adaptable

B) brittle D) flexible

48. A big problem in lemming English as a foreign language is lack of opportunities for ________interaction with proficient speakers of English.

A) instantaneous C) verbal

B) provocative D) dual

49. Within ten years they have tamed the ________hill into green woods.

A) vacant C) weird

B) barren D) wasteful

50. The ________of our trip to London was the visit to Buckingham Palace.

A) summit C) peak

B) height D) highlight

51. Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist, but in fact he was a(n) ________.

A) alien C) counterpart

B) client. D) fraud

52. We don't ________any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within our budget.

A) foresee C) infer

B) fabricate D) inhibit

53. He is looking for a job that will give him greater ________for career development.

A) insight C) momentum

B) scope D) phase

54. The high school my daughter studies in is ________our university.

A) linked by C) mingled with

B) relevant to D) affiliated with

55. The Browns lived in a ________and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs.

A) spacious C) wide

B) sufficient D) wretched

56. A membership card ________the holder to use the club's facilities for a period of twelve months.

A) approves C) rectifies

B) authorizes D) endows

57. They have done away with ________Latin for university entrance at Harvard.

A) influential C) compulsory

B) indispensable D) essential

58. It is no ________that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.

A) coincidence C) inspiration

B) correspondence D) intuition

59. One's university days often appear happier in ________than they actually were at the time.

A) retention C) return

B) retrospect D) revere

60. She ________through the pages of a magazine, not really concentrating on them.

A) tumbled C) switched

B) tossed D) flipped

61. Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in an attempt to ________more energy from the earth.

A) extract C) discharge

B) inject D) drain

62. The Chinese Red Cross ________a generous sum to the relief of the victims of the earthquake in Turkey.

A) administered C) assessed

B) elevated D) contributed

63. The first sentence in this paragraph is ________; it can be interpreted in many ways.

A) intricate C) duplicated

B) ambiguous D) confused

64. They used to quarrel a lot, but now they are completely ________with each other.

A) reconciled C) associated

B) negotiated D) accommodated

65. The local business was not much ________by the sudden outbreak of the epidemic.

A) intervened C) hampered

B) insulated D) hoisted

66. The most important ________for assessment in this contest is originality of design.

A) threshold C) warrant

B) partition D) criterion

67. The woman was worried about the side effects of taking aspirins. but her doctor ________her that it is absolutely harmless.

A) retrieved C) reassured

B) released D) revived

68. We can't help being ________of Bob who bought a luxurious sports car just after the money was stolen from the office.

A) skeptical C) suspicious

B) appreciative D) tolerant

69. He greatly resented the publication of this book. which he saw as an embarrassing invasion of his ________.

A) privacy C) dignity

B) morality D) secrecy

70. In fact as he approached this famous statue, he only barely resisted the ________to reach into his bag for his camera.

A) impatience C) incentive

B) impulse D) initiative

41. C 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. A

51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. D

61. A 62. D 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. D 67. C 68. C 69. A 70. B

机械词汇法英对照

Glossaire technique anglais fran?ais des remontées mécaniques anglais Fran?ais Commentaire abrasive cloth toile émeri abseil device dispositif de rappel abseil security device dispositif de rappel access bar barre d’accès actuator déclencheur adjustment scaleéchelle de réglage adjustment sleeve manchon d’ajustement air cooler fan ventilateur de refroidissement anchor bolt boulon d’ancrage anchorman assureur Anti-derailleur Antidérailleur anti-friction bearing roulement antifriction arm rest accoudoir assembly ensemble Dans de nombreux cas, il s’agit de montage (during assembly of…) assuming fixed track en assumant une voie fixe autolock descender descendeur autobloquant average gradient pente moyenne

词汇的发展演变与词汇规范化

词汇的发展演变与词汇 规范化 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）

词汇的发展演变与词汇规范化大字中字小字来源：| 2007-10-18 15:22:24| 背景：黄褐红绿蓝青灰白 一、词汇发展演变的原因 语言是处在不断的运动和变化中的，这种动态运动既包括共时的使用中的变化，也包括历时的发展中的变化。在语言的动态运动中，词汇的变化是最敏感、最迅捷、最频繁的。 语言的发展演变，既有自身的内部规律和原因，也有语言外部的影响和制约。词汇的发展演变也一样，既有社会基础、认识基础，又有客观基础。 （一）社会的发展促成词汇的发展 语言是一种社会现象，它无时无刻不受到社会发展的影响，词汇的发展更是如此，社会的任何变革、任何新事物的产生，都会在词汇的变化中映射出来。甚至可以说，一个时期的词汇往往可以成为反映这一时期社会生活面貌的“晴雨表”。 1.社会制度的影响 在人类社会的发展进程中，社会制度的更替和变革是不同历史阶段的重要变化。每一种新制度的产生，都会伴随着各种新事物的产生，每一种旧制度的消亡，也伴随着一些旧事物的消失，这些变化就带来了新词的产生、旧词的消亡、词义的变化等等一系列的连锁反映。例如“奴隶”、“奴隶主”、“皇帝”、“嫔妃”、“佃户”、“姨太太”、“资本家”、“工会”、“党委”、“特区”、“独联体”、“联合国”等，这些在不同的社会政治制度下形成的事物名称的兴衰存亡，是社会制度变革在词汇中的反映。

2. 生产力发展的影响 随着经济的发展、生产力的进步，科技水平的提高，各种新事物层出不穷，从而产生了相应的新词。例如“印刷”、“火药”、“汽船”、“钱庄”、“车间”、“火车”、“信用卡”、“电焊”、“按揭”、“VCD”、“克隆”、“因特网”等。这些词都是在当时的生产力发展水平下，应新事物的需要而产生的，没有新事物的出现，也就没有这些词的出现。 3. 社会交流的推动 所谓的“社会交流”，有两种情况，一是指操不同语言的社会群体之间的交流，如操汉语的汉民族与操外语的其他国家或地区之间的交流，产生了外来词；一种是使用同一种共同语的社会中不同方言群体之间的交流，导致了对各种方言词和行业语的吸收。 任何一种语言，在与外族的社会交流中，都会受到外族语言的影响，吸收一定数量的外来词语，以丰富本族语言的词汇系统，增强自身语言的表达能力。在汉语的发展过程中，就有几个较大规模地吸收外来词的时期。例如，中古汉语由于翻译佛经，从梵语中吸收了大批佛教词语，如“佛”、“罗汉”、“阎王”、“菩萨”、“执着”等。近现代中国派出了大量赴日留学生，也相应地吸收了许多日语汉字词。例如“干部”、“结构”、“主观”、“文化”、“手续”等，虽然这些词的表现形式源于汉语，有的是汉语中固有的，有的是日语中固有的，但或者其含义与汉语原词有了本质上的变化，或者根本就是适应新事物和新思想而生，因此，在当时都算做外来词。到了今天，我国的改革开放制度使国门敞开，国外大量的新事物、新思想涌入人们的生活中，更是掀起了又一次吸收外来词的高潮，例如“迪斯科”、“卡拉OK”、“欧佩克（OPEC）”、“艾滋病”、

网络词汇翻译

1. 团购 group-buying/team-buying （参考）groupon=group coupon 2. 秒杀 seckill （参考）instant kill/ instant buy/flash buy/snatch buy/panic buy 3. 酒后代驾 designated driver=DD（与“酒后”有关系) （参考）substitute driver（意义更广泛，不一定是“酒后”） 引申：劝酒：（参考）courtesy drinking/Chinese-style toast 罚酒：（参考）forfeit drinking 敬酒toast of respect/propose a toast 4. 桌游 board role-playing games; （参考）RPG ( role-playing games)/table-top games（包括board games, RPG, etc.）5. 被就业/被代表 be said to have found jobs/be said to be represented （参考）be declared/be alleged/allegedly 6. 裸捐、裸官 donate his entire fortune to charity after his death (all-out donation) （参考）naked officials（第一次出现时，后面一定要加解释） 7. 裸婚 naked marriage（第一次出现时，后面一定要加解释） （参考）simplistic marriage/bare-handed marriage 8. 胶囊公寓 capsule apartment 9. 游街示众 shame parade/public shaming 9. 名著翻拍 remake/re-produce 10. 拜金女 material girl 引申：傍大款的人gold digger 被傍的大款sugar daddy 11. 富士康“几连跳” （参考）copycat suicide 12. 地沟油 swill-cooked dirty oil （参考）hogwash oil/waste oil/recycled cooking oil(后面可跟解释） 13. 诈捐 unfulfilled payment （参考）骗捐：charity fraud 14. 蜗居 dwelling narrowness(电视剧剧名的译文)/dwelling in a narrow

词汇语法

A . heard B . be heard C . hearing D . hear

提交的答案: In 1938. 正确答案:In 1966. 提交的答案:heard 正确答案:heard 题目详解: A . have evaluated B . evaluating C . be evaluated D . evaluated 提交的答案:evaluating 正确答案:evaluating 题目详解: A . Although B . In spite of C . Despite D . As 提交的答案: In spite of 正确答案:Although 题目详解:

A . would B . might C . must D . should 提交的答案: would 正确答案:should 题目详解: A . It was from Stephen that B . That was from Stephen C . It was Stephen whom D . It was Stephen that 提交的答案: It was Stephen that 正确答案:It was from Stephen that 题目详解: A . least B . lowest C . fewest D . last 提交的答案: last 正确答案:least 题目详解:

A . As B . It C . That D . Which 提交的答案:As 正确答案:As 题目详解: A . what B . where C . that D . how 提交的答案:how 正确答案:how 题目详解: A . In exceptional circumstances only B . In only exceptional circumstances C . Only in exceptional circumstances D . In exceptional only circumstances 提交的答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 正确答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 题目详解:

词汇翻译练习[学生版]

Name & No.: Exercises for Business English Translation 练习之词义选择（1） １. Thank you for your letter reference DT/Zi No. 102, of 29th, March. ２. We have had only one order from ABC Co., Ltd., so we regret we cannot give you a reference from long experience. ３. Reference is made to your Sales Confirmation No. 1529. ４. The Buyer asks for credit and has given the Bank of China, Beijing as a reference. ５. The Sales Company is given the same power with reference to apportioning the commission. ６. A reference to your records will show that we have more than once asked you to establish L/C against S/C No. 2523. 7. The time limit for inspection and claim is 60 days after discharge of the cargo at the port of destination. 8. Party B agrees that the expiration of this license shall not discharge party B from its obligation. 9. Routine duties of the Joint Venture Company are to be discharged by the general manager appointed by the Board of Directors. 10. Party B shall check the quality of each discharge in accordance with the Contract. 11. Just as in that year, when those catastrophes were followed by substantial increases in insurance premiums, insurers are already lobbying for rate relief. 12. During the 1980’s the large premiums paid in acquisition often resulted in prices that greatly exceeded the value of tangible assets. 练习之词类引申（2） 1．Vietnam was his entrée to the new Administration, his third incarnation as a foreign policy consultant. 2．There was no provocation for such an angry letter.

公文常用词汇和语句大全

《机关公文常用排比句大全》 1、常用排比： 新水平、新境界、新举措、新发展、新突破、新成绩、新成效、新方法、新成果、新形势、新要求、新期待、新关系、新体制、新机制、新知识、新本领、新进展、新实践、新风貌、新事物、新高度； 重要性，紧迫性，自觉性、主动性、坚定性、民族性、时代性、实践性、针对性、全局性、前瞻性、战略性、积极性、创造性、长期性、复杂性、艰巨性、可讲性、鼓动性、计划性、敏锐性、有效性； 法制化、规范化、制度化、程序化、集约化、正常化、有序化、智能化、优质化、常态化、科学化、年轻化、知识化、专业化、系统性、时效性； 热心、耐心、诚心、决心、红心、真心、公心、柔心、铁心、上心、用心、痛心、童心、好心、专心、坏心、爱心、良心、关心、核心、内心、外心、中心、忠心、衷心、甘心、攻心； 政治意识、政权意识、大局意识、忧患意识、责任意识、法律意识、廉洁意识、学习意识、上进意识、管理意识； 出发点、切入点、落脚点、着眼点、结合点、关键点、着重点、着力点、根本点、支撑点； 活动力、控制力、影响力、创造力、凝聚力、战斗力； 找准出发点、把握切入点、明确落脚点、找准落脚点、抓住切入点、把握着重点、找准切入点、把握着力点、抓好落脚点； 必将激发巨大热情，凝聚无穷力量，催生丰硕成果，展现全新魅力。 审判工作有新水平、队伍建设有新境界、廉政建设有新举措、自身建设有新发展、法院管理有新突破； 不动摇、不放弃、不改变、不妥协； 政治认同、理论认同、感情认同； 是历史的必然、现实的选择、未来的方向。 多层次、多方面、多途径； 要健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督 2、常用短语：

【免费下载】必修一unit5词汇练习

Book1 UNIT 5 1、词汇 A 、单词拼写（根据句意及所给首字母或汉语提示写出下列单词） 1. Products of high q___________ sell well in the market. 2. I refuse to lie about it; It’s against my p___________.(原则) 3. The Chinese people f_______against the Japanese invaders for 8 years and drove them out of China. 4. The factory will be closed down over a _____________（时期） of two years. 5. I’d a____________ you to buy tickets well in advance if you want to travel in the festival. 6. She wanted to c____________ working after she was married. 7. China is playing an important role on the international political _____________（舞台）. 8. From his p____________（位置） on the top of the hill, he had a good view of the city. 9. I received an invitation to the party, but I haven’t decided whether to ___________（接受）it or not. 10. Children should not be allowed to watch movies that show a lot of ____________（暴力）. 11. The prisoner slipped past the g____________ on the gate and escaped. 12. After the car accident, the woman was still shaking with f____________. 13. Winning the match was just a _____________（回报）for the effort the team had made. 14. You have no _____________（权利）to stop me from going there. 15. It was the second time that he had been elected as _____________（总统）. B 、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom is kind-hearted and always ________ (will) to help others. 2. Although he is quite old, he is still very ________ (activity). 4. Without the children around, she spent a ________ (peace) day in the garden. 5. He spent two years as a ________ (prison) in the mountains. It is an experience he’ll never forget after being setting free. 6. He often regrets his wasted ________ (young). Without a good education, how can he find a nice job? 7. Can you imagine such a highly ________ (educate) woman being caught stealing? 8. After he saw the ________ (terrible) of war, all he wants now is peace and quite. 9. A law has been made against ________ (cruel) to animals. 10. The judge sent the ________ (crime) to prison finally. 11. At that time, people often sang some songs to make fun of the political ________ (lead). 12. We thanked him ________ (sincere) for his helping us out of trouble.C 、 用下列括号中所给词组的适当形式填空 worry about as a matter of fact set up be equal to out of work be sentenced to put…in prison in trouble come to power blow up lose heart be free from 1. Whatever great difficulty we meet, we’ll never _______________. 2. If you can’t finish the work on time, you’ll be _______________. 3. Your parents are _______________ you: do make a phone call to them. 4. She has been _______________ for a year and is looking forward to being in work again. 5. People expect to _______________ pollution and live in a pleasant environment. 6. --- I thought you wouldn’t mind. --- well, _______________ I don’t; but you should have asked me first. 7. Several people were killed and many were hurt when a bomb _______________ at the busy street. 8. As soon as he arrived in Paris, he _______________ for the wrongs his family had done. 9. As a Jew, Einstein was forced to leave his homeland after Hitler _______________. 10. The government has _______________ a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse. 11. He _______________ death because of killing someone on purpose. 12. The women workers should _______________ the men in pay since they do the same work. 通过管线敷设结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料

词汇学第一章汇总

English Lexicology 英语词汇学 Fall 2012 Irene Florente

How do we communicate? Making sounds Gestures Writing Words Anything else?

Write down 10 English words you like on a piece of paper Do you know where these words came from (what languages)? Can they be spelled differently? What part of speech are they? (Noun, verb, adverb, etc) Do these words have more than one meaning or have different meanings when used in idioms?

Where do words come from? How are they created? How do they change as history changes? How do they change as people speaking other languages invade or immigrate to their countries? What are the different types of words? Is language alive? (these questions are just for discussion and reflection)

词汇翻译

请大家把下面的课后作业分为三次完成，每完成一次，请空几行用作评分。 请大家用身边以前发的英语作业本来做，本子封面上请一定写清楚系科班级，姓名，学号及课程英汉汉英翻译教程。 请大家抄写题目及说明。 作业完成后，下一次上课带来交给我。 Exercise 1: 翻译下列句子，将划线的名词转译成动词，动词转译成名词。 1.The removal of the furniture would not have taken long. 2.May I introduce you to David, one of your longtime admirers? 3.他不爱多说话，但常常微笑。 4.她们无微不至地照顾着那些残疾儿童。 翻译下列句子，将划线的形容词转译成动词，动词转译成形容词。 1.He said that two of his friends in his hometown were supportive of his research. 2.The book is concerned with practical applications of linguistics in the field of literature. 3.她们盼望着你早点回来。 4.我在晚会上碰到了玛丽，她还在生我的气。

Exercise 2: 翻译下列句子，将划线的介词转译成动词，动词转译成介词 1.He had never seen her, but her written words had been with him all along and sustained him unfailingly. 2.When I came over with the medication, Kate was sitting in her chair, in nightgown and slippers, awaiting my arrival. 3.他们当中有一位穿黑色大衣的姑娘。 4.对于这种现象，在过去很长的时间里，连科学家们都感到惊奇。翻译下列句子，将划线的形容词转译成副词，副词转译成形容词https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f313683013.html,panies should adequately compensate consumers who are willing to contribute to their increasingly valuable market research services. 2.Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. 3.她生气地瞟了我一眼。 4.他结结巴巴地用英语同那个外国人交谈。 Exercise 3: 翻译下列句子，将句中划线部分的肯定形式转译成否定形式。 1.If your car breaks down, you will be there for days before anyone

高考重点词汇用法

[一般用法]be able to do [特殊注意]反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 Be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2．abroad [一般用法]表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 [特殊注意]可以说from abroad，表示从国外回来。 3．admit [一般用法]表示承认的时候后面要加动名词形式。 [特殊注意]表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4．advise [一般用法]advise sb. to do; advise doing [特殊注意]后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即：advise that sb. (should do)的形式。5．afford [一般用法]通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 [特殊注意]前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6．after [一般用法]表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。 [特殊注意]用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点；而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7．agree [一般用法]与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 [特殊注意]agree on 表示达成一致；agree to 表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8．alive [一般用法]表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 [特殊注意]可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury alive.

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21．与时俱进 22．提高工作能力 23．不辱使命 24．形式主义 25．官僚主义 26．享乐主义 27．奢靡之风 28．摈弃······的做法 29．杜绝······习气 30．抵制······的侵袭 31．激发改革活力 32．避免······现象 33．立信于人 34．光说不做、言行不一、说一套做一套 35．认识路线、决策方式、宗旨意识、创新能力、示范作用36．内外结合、不留盲点 37．落实······知情权 38．荡涤 39．“把权力关进制度的笼子里” 40．绳之以法 41．“治治病”

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