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Unit 1 教学参考

Audio-Visual-Oral English for Contemporary Medicine—Health Promotion

当代医学英语视听说教程

Unit 1

Healthy Living

Section A Pre-audio-visual Tasks

Task 1 Glossary Preview

Get familiar with the words and expressions listed below, and then match the meaning description or synonym with a proper word or expression in the list.

1.inability to pursue an occupation because of physical or mental impairment. disability

2.the average number of years that a person or animal can expect to live. life expectancy

3.an abnormal physical or mental condition. disorder

4. books, articles, etc., about a particular subject. literature

5. food that is of little nutritional value and often high in fat, sugar, and calories.junk food

6. a serious illness caused when a blood vessel in your brain suddenly breaks or is blocked. stroke

7. a substance used in treating disease or relieving pain; the act or process of treating a person or disease with medicine. medication

8. the place where something happens. locale

9. a connection or relationship between things or people; a feeling, memory, or thought that is connected to a person, place, or thing. association

10. a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. obesity

11. the way a person lives or a group of people live. lifestyle

12. a change in something; the act or process of changing parts of something. modification

13. a powerful or major influence or effect; the act or force of one thing hitting another. impact

14. a measurement that shows the amount of fat in your body and that is based on your weight and height. body mass index

15. a variable disorder of carbohydrate metabolism usually characterized by inadequate secretion or utilization of insulin, by excessive urine production, by excessive amounts of sugar in the blood and urine, and by thirst, hunger, and loss of weight. diabete s Task 2 Pair-work Discussion

Ponder over the following questions and discuss briefly each of them with your deskmates.

1. What does lifestyle refer to?

2. What is the relationship between lifestyle and health?

3. What are examples of an unhealthy lifestyle?

4. What do you think of your own lifestyle?

5. What can you do to improve your lifestyle?

Section B Audio-visual Tasks

Task 3 Spot Dictation

Listen to a passage three times and while listening, you are to put the missing word in each numbered blank according to what you hear.

Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise can have a big impact on health. The scie ntific (1) literature is full of studies about the effect of various lifestyle factors, but realati vely few studies look at the combined (2) influence of multiple factors, and almost all of t hem were done in Western countries.

Now, a large new study of Chinese women (3) indicates the benefits of the healthy lifestyle choices can really add up. The research considers factors such as obesity and expo osure to second-hand smoke. (4) Numerous studies have worked the link between specific

lifestyle factors such as exercise and diet, and risks of disease and death, but much less res earch has been done into the (5) effect of multiple unhealthy life style choices. Now a larg e study in women in Shanghai has found a strong (6) association between a health lifestyl e in general and a lower death rate, over an average of nine years.

Dr. Wei Zheng of Vanderbilt University is the lead author of the new study, which also (7) included researchers from the Shanghai Cancer Institute and America's National Cancer Institute.

In this study, some (8) 75,000 Chinese women were each given a healthy lifestyle score based on body mass index, waist-hip (9) ratio, exercise, diet, and whether her hueba nd smoked. The women were non-smokers and did not drink alcohol (10) regularly.

Zheng says the research suggests that a longer and healthier life is not (11) achieved by just a better diet or more exercise or other single lifestyle factor alone.

"So the message from this study is that we need to encourage general (12)modificati on of multiple lifestyle factors for disease prevention."

Task 4 Note-taking

Listen to a passage “Life Expectancy and Lifestyle Choices”twice. While listening, you are to take notes according to the cues given below.

1. Life expectancy in wealthy nations increased in the 20th century:

By as much as 30 years.

2. Examples of bad habits:

Eating too much, exercising too little, smoking cigarettes.

3. Bad habits increase the risk for:

Cancer, diabetes, heart disease and stroke.

4. What researchers wanted to find out:

How many years are lost with bad habits.

5. The purpose of programs planned by public health officials:

To help people make better lifestyle choices.

Task 5 Sentence Dictation

Listen to each sentence, repeat it aloud, listen to it again, and then write down the whole sentence on the space provided. You will listen to each sentence for a third time to have a check.

1. In the 20th century, life expectancy in wealthy nations increased by as much as 30 years.

2. These habits increase the risk for cancer, diabetes, heart disease and stroke.

3. Middle-income whites have the best blood pressure, but Asian-Americans have fewer bad habits and the best health.

4. African-American women are another group with low life expectancy because of their high rates of obesity.

5. People battling excess weight have higher rates of disability, diabetes and heart disease.

Task 6 Recognizing Details

Watch a video clip “Women and Smoking”twice and decide whether each of the statements below is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

T 1. Garcia has been a smoker since the age 15.

F 2. Since the age 15 Garcia joined a program to try to quit her smoking habit.

F 3. She kept saying she was really ready for quitting smoking.

F 4. The study in Britain followed one million women now in their 60s and 70s for 22 years.

T 5. The nude of the study is not all bad.

T 6. The research finds that if a woman quits by age 50, her extra risk drops by 66%.

F 7. Garcia’s main reason for trying to quit smoking is her heart disease.

Task 7 Overall Comprehension

Watch a video clip “Daily Dangers”twice and choose the best answer to each of the questions below.

1. A new study found that watching one hour of television __ D____.

A) makes you become overweight

B) has the different effect for everyone

C) matters little if you are in great shape

D) means increased risk for dying of cancer

2. According to the American Heart Association, __ A____.

A) watching TV an hour a day is bad for health

B) watching TV can have a dramatic effect

C) it is fortunate to veg out in front of the TV

D) it is a waste of time just watching television

3. According to Dr. Vogman, sedentary behavior ___C___.

A) will not hurt us in a short period of time

B) is not harmful if we are not overweight

C) still hurts us even if we have healthy diets

D) is very harmful if you have blood clots

4. Sitting too long may impair all of the following EXCEPT ____A____.

A) heart disease B) white blood cells

C) our immune system D) our muscles

5. If you watch TV more than four hours a day, you’ll have ____B____.

A) a 46 percent increased risk of dying cardiovascular disease

B) at least a 46 percent higher risk of death from all causes

C) at least an 80 percent higher risk for blood clots

D) a 46 percent higher risk of dying heart disease

Key to Task 7 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B

Section C Follow-up Oral Tasks

Task 8 Listening & Interpretation

Listen to the five sentences twice and interpret each into Chinese.

1. Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise can have a big impact on health.

诸如饮食和运动的生活方式选择，可以对健康产生重大影响。

2. But much less research has been done into the effect of multiple unhealthy life style choices. 但对多种不健康生活方式选择的作用的研究更少。

3. Now, a large new study of Chinese women indicates the benefits of the healthy lifestyle choices can really add up.

现在，一项大的对中国妇女新的研究表明，选择健康的生活方式确实有增寿的益处。

4. Now a large study in women in Shanghai has found a strong association between a healt hy lifestyle in general and a lower death rate, over an average of nine years.

现在，一项对上海妇女的大的研究发现，一般的健康生活方式与死亡率低之间有很强关联，平均超过九年。

5.The research suggests that a longer and healthier life is not achieved by just a better die t or more exercise or other single lifestyle factor alone.

研究表明，更长和更健康的生活不只是更好的饮食或更多运动或其他单一的生活方式因素的果。Task 9 Dialogue & Conversation

Make dialogues and conversations, using the Chinese below as cues.

A: 你对生活方式与健康的关系怎么看？

What do you think of the relationship between lifestyle and health?

B: 这两者的关系很密切。健康的生活方式会增进健康，不良的生活方式有损健康。

Well, there is a close relationship between them. A healthy lifestyle can contribute to good health while an unhealthy lifestyle can have a bad impact on health.

A: 很多人没有意识到不良的生活方式是影响健康的重大危险因素。

Quite many people are not aware that an unhealthy lifestyle is a major risk factor for health.

B: 情况确实如此。据你观察，你周围的人群中有哪些不健康的生活方式选择？

It is indeed the case. What, by your observation, are unhealthy lifestyle choices among people you know?

A: 有不少，如过量饮食、吃垃圾食品、吸烟、酗酒、缺睡眠、少运动，等等。

Quite a few, such as eating too much, eating junk food, smoking cigarettes,

excessive alcohol drinking, shortage of sleep, lack of physical activity, etc..

B: 这些不健康的生活方式选择与哪些健康问题相联系？

What health problems are these unhealthy lifestyle choices connected with?

A: 许多新的研究表明，生活方式不健康的人群有更高的肥胖症、中风、糖尿病和过早死亡的风险。

当然，风险还不止这些。

A lot of recent researches suggest that people with unhealthy lifestyles have greater risks for obesity, stroke, diabetes and premature death. Of course, there are many more other risks.

B: 你所说的使我想起一句话很有道理：你的健康是你选择的结果。

What you have said makes sense. It reminds me of a saying that you are what you choose.

A: 有健康才有高的生活质量，才有快乐的人生。

Only when you are healthy can you enjoy good quality of life and a happy life as well.

B: 我很同意你的看法。健康不是天生的，健康不仅是意识，更是主动行动的结果。

I can’t agree more with you. Health is not something you were born with. It is the result of your awareness, and more of your positive actions.

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【重点句型】 1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. 甚至河底都充满垃圾。 2. Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。 3. The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days. 空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。 4. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。 5. I used to be able to see stars in the sky. 我过去能在天空中看到星星。 6. The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried. 这儿的空气真的已经被污染了，我非常担心。 7. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。【考点详解】 1. pay的基本用法（1）pay （sb.）money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买…… 例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。（2）pay for sth. 付……的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。（3）pay for sb. 替某人付钱。

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新概念starter B unit14 讲解单词和句型【Words】 amazing adj.令人吃惊的，惊人的 stand v.站，站立 hungry adj. 饿的，饥饿的 shout v.叫，惊叫 wet adj.湿的，湿润的 fat adj.胖的，肥胖的用卡片给学生展示单词，并让学生边写边记，每个单词抄写3遍。【句型】 1.I’m, we’re/I’m not, we aren’t 2.You’re, you’re/ you aren’t you aren’t 3.he’s, he isn’t/ she’s she isn’t/ it’s it isn’t 4.they’re they aren’t 【grammar】 1.一般现在时一般疑问句和否定句的变法一、先将句子分成三类： 1）含有am, is, are 的句子。 2）含有行为动词的句子，（如like，have，play，eat，run，need） 3）含有情态动词的句子，如can。 (1)如果是第一类，即含有am, is, are 的句子。只将把am, is, are 调到句首。I am 和We are 要变成are you，some变成any，my变成your，句末用问号。否定句只在be后加not。如am---am not；is ---isn’t；are----aren’t。如：①I am a boy. （否定句）----- I am not a boy. (变成一般疑问句) -----Are you a boy? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. ②She is my mother.( 变成一般疑问句) -----Is she your mother? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. ③This is a book.( 变成一般疑问句) ------Is this a book? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. ④These are strawberries.( 变成一般疑问句) ----Are these strawberries? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. ⑤There is some chicken on the table.( 变成一般疑问句) -----Is there any chicken on the table? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. (2)如果是第二类，即含有行为动词的句子（如like，have，play，eat，run，need等）时，要分两步看主语。 ①I / We / You / They 时，要借助于助动词do的帮助来变成一般疑问句。即句型为：Do + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他？否定句只在动词原形前加don’t。例如：I have some tomatoes in my backpack. (否定句)I don’t have any tomatoes in my backpack. ( 变成一般疑问句)-----Do you have any tomatoes in your backpack? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. We play sports every day. （否定句）---We don’t play sports every day.

(完整版)新目标九年级unit13Wearetryingtosavetheearth导学案

Unit13 We are trying to save the earth!导学案 Section A 总第61课时(1a ~ 2d) 班级：姓名：时间： 2016年月日课型：New 课时：1 主备人：审核：九年级英语组、【学习目标】 1、学习单词和词组：litter ；ugly ；advantage ；wooden ；bottom ；fisherman；coal；plastic；takeaway；bin 2、会用英语表达污染的分类及形成原因和治理方法。【学习重难点】用英语表达污染的分类及形成原因和治理方法。【预习指导】 (一) 自我预习一、扫清障碍根据音标读出1a---2d的单词,并记住。二、课本预习：熟读1a并根据图中的信息填空，组织1c对话听力练习，完成1b, （二）预习效果检查 1、在河床底部 2. 充满了垃圾 3. 把垃圾扔入河中 4. 尽一份力把它清理干净 5. 减少空气污染 6. 产生影响【课内学习】一、教材处理： 1. 检查1a 2c的预习效果。 2. 听力练习：听1b,2a,2b.完成课本上的内容。 3. 播放2d的对话录音，让学生跟读，模仿并理解大意。然后让学生分角色朗读并表演2d的对话二、组内探讨：小组合作探讨： 1.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公共汽车或者地铁，而不是开车。cut down 意为“减少”；是“动词+副词”结构的短语，所带的宾语为名词时，宾语可位于down的前面或后面；为代词时，只能位于down前面。 You’d better cut the article down to about 2,000 words. 你最好能把这篇文章压到两千字左右。 2. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything! 它对身体有好处并且不会花费任何东西。辨析：spend, cost, take, pay 1.spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. (2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 2.cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 3.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 4. pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 学习成果展示 1. He ____ go out with his parents, but now he ____ staying at home alone. A. used to; is used to B. is used to; used to C. use to; is used to D. is used to; is used to 2. The interesting book _____ me 10 yuan. A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost 3. We must do something useful to ____ pollution. A. cut off B. cut up C. cut down D. cut in 4. Smoking can _____ lung ca ncer. You’d better give it up. A. work on B. lead to C. take away D. put out 5. —What are the _____ of bike riding? —It can help cut down air pollution. A. advantages B. reasons C. results D. ideas 【反思提高】 Unit13 We are trying to save the earth!导学案

大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit13(A)

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fa13932627.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） Unit 13 Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: Cyberspace (网络空间)，data superhighways, multi media —for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives for ever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia(乌托邦) little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the “how,”the question of “for whom”is put aside once again. Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets —with destructive impact on the have-nots. For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As “ futures ”(期货) are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies. So what are the options for regaining control? One alterative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves — so-called “development communications”modernization. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries' economies. Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit—credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain. Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for native development. This means that while local elites,

人教新目标九年级英语Unit13知识点复习(Word版)

Unit 13 W e’re trying to save the earth!知识点总结词汇过关 1.v. 乱扔n. 垃圾；废弃物 2. n. 底部；最下部 4. n. 煤；煤块 5.adj. 公众的；公共的n. 民众；百姓 6.adj. 丑陋的；难看的 7.n. 优点；有利条件 8. v. 花费n. 花费；价钱9.adj. 木制的；木头的 10.adj. 塑料的n. 塑料；塑胶11. 有关系，作用，影响12. n. 鲨鱼 13. n（.鱼）鳍14.（短语）割掉；砍掉15. n. 方法；措施 16. adj. 残酷的；残忍的17. adj. 有害的18. n. 链子；链条 19. n. 生态系统20.adj（.数量等）减少的；低的；矮的 21. n. 工业；行业22. n. 法律；法规 23. adj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的24. v. 承担得起（后果）；买得起 25. n. 运输业；交通运26. v. 回收利用；再利用27. n. 餐巾；餐巾纸28.(短语）颠倒；倒转29.n. 大门30.n. 瓶；瓶子 31.n. 负责人；主席；总统32. n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物 33.n. 金属34.n. 创造力；独创性一．本单元语法复习：（1）现在进行时（1）含义：表示正在发生或进行的动作。（2）基本结构：主语+ be + 现在分词（be 的形式随主语的变化而变化）（3）基本用法： ①表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。②表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at present, this week, these days等连用。③表示主语的特征、性格、能力等 (2)现在完成时（1）含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响。（2）基本结构：主语+ have / has + 过去分词（3）基本用法： ①表示过去发生的动作，但强调对现在产生影响。特征：不能与表示具体的时间状语连用。 ②表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，还可能继续下去。常常与since, for, in the past + 时间名词，in the last +时间名词等时间状语连用，而且谓语动词要求是延续性动词。 ③表示一种“经历或体验”，即可以表示经历过也可以是从来都没有经历过。 (3)被动语态归纳如下（三种红色要求熟练掌握，其余为了解）（1）一般现在时是被动语态：am / is / are + 过去分词（2）现在完成时的被动式：have / has + been + 过去分词（3）现在进行时的被动式：am/ is/ are + being + 过去分词（4）一般过去时的被动式：was / were + 过去分词（5）过去进行时的被动式：was / were + being + 过去分词（6）过去完成时的被动式：had + been + 过去分词（7）一般将来时的被动式：will / be going to be+ 过去分词（8）含有情态动词的被动式：情态动词+be +动词的过去分词。 (4)情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，如认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等。情态动词本身有