人教版初三英语语法总复习资料

人教版初三英语语法总复习资料

语法是英语学习中的重点难点，那么九年级的同学们应该怎样在考试之前复习好语法这个板块呢?一起来看看的人教版初三英语语法总复习资料，希望对您有用。

被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，助动词be 有时态，人称和数的变化。被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。

1. 各种时态的被动语态结构如下：

一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词

一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was / were +过去分词

现在完成时的被动语态：主语+have / has +been +过去分词

一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will +be +过去分词

过去将来时的被动语态：主语+would / should + be +过去分词

过去进行时的被动语态：主语+was / were + being +过去分词

过去完成时的被动语态：主语+had + been +过去分词

情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词

2. 被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by+动作执行者短语。

Football is played widely all over the world.

全世界都广泛地踢足球。

(2)强调动作的承受者。

The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。

(3)作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型。

It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.

据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。

3. 主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤

(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语

(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词

(3)原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面;如果没必要，可省略。

如果我们所说的不是事实，而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气。

注意：条件句分两种，真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟(非真实)条件句中，才用虚拟语气;而在真实条件句中,要用陈述语气.

请比较：

(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.

如果明天天气好,我们将会去公园。

在这句话中，明天天气好是完全有可能实现的，并非虚拟、幻想，因此是真实条件句，在本句中，适用“主将从现。”

(2)If I were you , I would go at once.

如果我是你的话，我立刻就走。

在这句话中，条件句“如果我是你”，但事实上，我不可能成为你，这只是假设的情况，没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小，甚至可以说没有时，就需要用虚拟语气来表示。

虚拟语气表示和现在的事实相反，从句用一般过时，主句用“should/would/could/ might +动词原形。例如：

If I had time, I would go for a walk.

If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.

If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.

If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.

注意：在虚拟语气的句子中，be动词只能用were，不能用was。

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