笔译复习

笔译考试时间60分钟

I. Word Choice（每题/空2分，共20 分）

II. Phrase Translation（每题/空2分，共10 分）

III. Sentence Translation（每题/空3分，共30 分）

IV. Reading Comprehension（每题/空2分，共10 分）

V. Paragraph Translation （每题/空30分，共30 分）

PPT 演示文稿中课堂练习部分

英译汉句子翻译练习

Some Americans pop across the border simply to fuel up on flavorful Mexican food and beer.

一些美国人越过国境线，只是为了吃点可口的墨西哥食物，喝点墨西哥啤酒。

His perfect grades at high school enabled him to enroll at the tuition-free Oxford University.

由于在中学成绩优异，他进入了免费的牛津大学学习。

He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

我们又一次领略了他那广博的知识，丰富的经验和无穷的智慧。

Rockets have found application for exploration of the universe.

火箭已经用来探索宇宙。

Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions.

美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。

Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft.

史蒂文森有口才、有风度，但很软弱。

Reading makes a full man，talking a ready man，writing an exact man．

读书使人充实，谈话使人敏捷，写作使人准确。

Inflation has now reached unprecedented level.

通货膨胀现在已经发展到空前严重的地步。

The purpose of engineering is to create useful goods, to make them better, cheaper, and more abundant.

工程的目的是要创造有用的物品，使它们的质量更好，价格更便宜，数量更充足。

I was, and remain, grateful for his influence on my life.

他对我的人生有极大的影响。对此，我过去很感激，现在依然很感激。

Let us revise our safety * and sanitary regulations.

我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。

He became an oil baron—* all by himself.

他成为一个石油大王—一个白手起家的石油大王。

Like his friend he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice.

他像他的朋友一样，虽然头脑里有许多美妙的想法，却只有少数付诸实施。

He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.

他没有致闭幕辞就宣布结束会议。

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law.

能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是条普遍公认的规律。

His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.

因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。

Yushu earthquake struck at 7:49 a.m. local time on April 14, 2010. It originated in Yushu, Qinghai province and registered a magnitude of 7.1Ms（surface wave magnitude）.

2010年4月14日当地时间上午7时49分许，青海省玉树县发生7.1级地震。

With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I had not the time to worry about such trifles.不出两三小时会议就要开始，我没有闲工夫为这些琐事操心了。

Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.

无知是恐惧的根源，也是羡慕的根源。

I am 78 years old; I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the past 14 years.

我七十八岁了；由于患了瘫痪性的中风，十四个月来一直出不了门。

“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.

“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。Premier Zhou might have spoken with understandable pride of the policy of “ self-reliance”.

周总理在谈到“自力更生”的政策时，也许有些自豪感，这是可以理解的。

Isabel was a tall girl with the oval face, straight nose, fine eyes and full mouth that appeared to be characteristic of the family.

伊莎贝尔身材高挑、鹅蛋脸、直鼻梁、一双秀目、丰满的嘴唇。这些看来都是她家人的特征。They signed two agreements that served to warm up the atmosphere of their relations.

他们签了两份协议，目的是使他们的关系热络起来。

So far, nearly 1000 drop-outs have been aided by the Fund.

迄今为止，这个基金会资助了近千名辍学儿童。

After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.

饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，（这个会谈）一直谈到深夜。

He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving countries.

他赞成为了同所有爱好和平的国家改善关系而进行努力。

They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns, training.

他们是白手起家的，需要人员，需要枪支，需要训练。

The use of poison gas is a clear violation of international law—in particular of the Geneva Convention.

使用毒气显然违反国际公法，特别是违反《日内瓦公约》。

The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements.

中国人似乎为他们在经济建设上取得的巨大成就感到自豪，这是合乎情理的。

He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally.

他来到华盛顿，就国际形势来说，时机正合适。

The prince in rags was thrown out of the palace because the guard couldn’t recognize him.

穿着破衣裳的王子被赶出了王宫，因为卫兵认不出他来了

Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.

大部分问题已经圆满地解决了，只剩下几个次要问题需要讨论。

He wished he were at home. Ordinarily, he would have been there three hours ago.

他真愿那时候已在家里。要是在往常的日子里，他早已经到家三个小时了。

China and Japan reached agreement on the issue of agriculture which was a major barrier for their bilateral relation since 1996.

中日两国最终就农业问题达成了协议，而农业问题自一九九六年起就是两国关系发展的主要障碍。

Every factory whose chimneys put off dirty and harmful smoke should do something to stop the pollution.

凡是烟囱排放污浊有害气体的工厂都应采取措施制止污染。

We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything but our host and hostess.

我们谈到自己，谈到前途，谈到旅程，谈到天气，谈到彼此的情况—谈到一切，只是不谈我们的男女主人。

It was on the morning of December 7, 1941. The Japanese navy conducted an unannounced military attack on Pearl Harbor.

1941年12月7日凌晨, 日本海军偷袭珍珠港。

He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.

他没有致闭幕辞就宣布结束会议。

She sat with her hands cupping her chin, staring at a corner of the little kitchen.

她坐在那儿双手托着下巴，眼睛凝视着小厨房的一角。

The Chinese are expected to buy not only earth stations, but also two communications satellites.

预计中国人将不仅购买地面站，还将购买两颗通讯卫星。

She inspected the table for dust with her finger.

她伸出一个手指抹了一下桌子，看看有没有灰尘。

Yushu earthquake struck at 7:49 a.m. local time on April 14, 2010. It originated in Yushu, Qinghai province and registered a magnitude of 7.1Ms（surface wave magnitude）.

2010年4月14日当地时间上午7时49分许，青海省玉树县发生7.1级地震。

By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.

大战终了时，这个组织拯救了八百人，但那是以二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。He was assured by the Government that an official investigation would be made into this case.

政府向他保证，将对此案展开官方调查。

The importers have been hard hit by the recent economic depression.

进口商因近来的经济萧条而遭受沉重打击。

The children have outgrown their garments.

孩子们长大了，原先的衣服穿不上了。

For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment on TV available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.

譬如, 对于一个四口之家来说, 舒舒服服地在家看电视, 就能看到几乎数不清的娱乐节目,

这比到外面别的地方去消遣既便宜又方便。

Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.

即使当我们关掉床头灯深深进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作: 帮我们开动冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室内空调继续运转。

Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this new tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centers of the cities.

到目前为止, 经历了18和19两个世纪, 这种新的倾向是把住宅安排在城市的近郊, 而把生产活动、商业往来、政府部门以及娱乐场所都集中在城市的中心地区。

It becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.

如果要使学生们充分利用各种机会, 就应为学生们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。这个问题变得越来越重要。

Such is a human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.

许多人宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取成为白领工人的社会地位, 这在西方倒是人之常情。Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.

假如没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们, 昆虫将吞噬我们所有的庄稼, 害死我们的牛羊家畜, 使我们不能生存于世。

Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs （which are both instructive and entertaining）.

人们常说, 电视可以帮助人们了解时事, 把握科学和政治的最新发展动态。另外，从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又具有娱乐性的各种新节目。

All they have to do is to press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.

他们所必须做的只是按一下开关。开关一开, 就可以看到电视剧、电影、歌剧, 以及其他各种各样的文艺节目。至于政治问题的辩论以及最新的激动人心的足球比赛更是不在话下。People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.

尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况, 但人们不敢出门, 因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。

Modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, require revision at short intervals if their authors wish to keep pace with new ideas, observations and discoveries.

对于现代科技书籍, 特别是教科书来说, 如果作者希望自己书中的内容能与新思想、新观察和新发现同步发展的话, 那么就应该每隔较短的间, 将书中的内容进行重新修订。

张道真实用英语语法学习笔记 第一章 概论

第一章概论 1.1语法的内容 1.1.1词法与句法 语法是研究词形变化和句子结构的科学。研究词形变化的部分称为词法(Morphology),如名词的数、格，动词的时态、语态，都属于词法范畴。研究句子结构的部分称为句法(Syntax)，如句子的成分、语序、句子种类等，都属于句法范畴。这两部分虽各有不同内容，中间的关系却非常紧密。在谈词法时不可避免要涉及句法，在句法中也有很多部分与词法有关。因此我们在学习的过程中，既要注意这两者之间的差异，又要注意两者之间的联系，机械地把它们分割开对学习是不利的。 1.1.2 语法与词汇 语法虽有一定的独立性，但它与词汇是密不可分的。语法指遣词造句的规律，但它离不幵词汇。语法体现在词汇中，而词汇受语法的制约。语法好比是骨架，而词汇好比是血肉，两者也是枝与叶的关系。要形成有机的躯体和繁茂的枝叶，必须把两者结合在一起。在英语入门阶段，主要学词汇，也学少量语法。等词汇积累到一定水平，例如巳掌握三四千词，则有必要多学一些语法。头一遍可学一套简明语法。等词汇积累到6,000至8,000时，可以学一本比较大型的语法。学语法可以帮助更快地积累词汇和掌握词汇，提髙语言学习的自觉性。不论是加强语言理解力或使用的能力，语法都可以发挥重要的作用。比较理想的做法是把语法和词汇交叉学习，经过多次反复，才可更深入掌握语言。学词汇大体上是加强感性认识，学语法则是提高理性认识。只有把两者结合起来才能真正掌握语言。这本语法的特点是对词汇给予充分的重视，脱离了丰富的词汇，语法会是一些干巴巴的条文。只有两者并重，才能学到有血有肉生动的语言。 1.2词类 1.2.1词类 英语中的词可根据词义、句法作用和形式特征，分为 十大类，称为词类(Parts of Speech)，它们是: 名词Noun (n,) 人或事物的名称girl, history 代词Pronoun (pron.) 代替名词、数词等they, many 数词Nuineral (num.) 表示数目或颖序nine, third 形容词Adjective (adj,) 表示人或事物的特征brave, small 动词Verb (v.) 表示动作或状态hear, know 副词Adverb (adv.) 表示动作恃征或性状特征nicely, very 冠词Article (art.) 用在名词前，帮助说明其意义a(n), the 介词Preposition (prep. ) 用在名词、代词前说明与別的词的关系for，from 连词Conjunction (conj,) 用来连接词与词或旬与句and, if 感叹词Interjection (inter上) 表示说话时的感情或n气oh, ah 在这十种词类中，前六种可以在句子中独立担任成分。如名词可用作主语、宾语等，动词可用作谓语等，称为实意词（Notional Words)。介词、连词、冠词都不能独立在句子中担任任何成分，称为虚词（Form Words)。感叹词一般不构成句子的成分，可以看作特殊的一类。除了这十大类之外，还有表示肯定与否定的yes和no，还有不定式前的小品词（Particle) to。实意词大多数在句子中都重读，只有助动词、情态动词和动词be以及人称代词等在某些情况下弱读，而虚词一般都不重读。 1.2.2限定词 关于词类的区分，大多数语法学家都按上述分法。但有一些英国语法学家把一些词归在一起，称为限定词（Determiners),主要指用在名词前帮助说明 词义的词， 1> 冠词a，an，the; 2>物主代词my，your，his等； 用作定语的某些不定代词，如some，any，many，little，few，both，each等； 用作定语的指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词等，如this，what，whose，whatever等。 而美国语言学家不作这种区分，用作定语的代词他们干脆称为形容词，如： This is Helen’s room.(代词） This room is mine. (形容词） You can have either of them. (代词） You can have either one.(形容词） 这样处理在字典中也比较方便。但从实用角度看，统统称为代词也未尝不可。代词也可用作定语，在本书中基本不作过细的区分，只在必要的地方点一点。 1.2.3分清词类至关重要 要学好英语，第一件事就是分清词类。每学一个词都要知道它属于哪个词类，是名词还是动词，这样区分至关重要。各种词类都有自己的特点，只有知道一个词属于哪个词类，才能正确使用它。同时还应弄清各个句子成分应由哪类词来担任，例如： 主语、宾语多由名词担任： 剧本的成功给他很大的鼓舞。（作主语） The success of the play has been a great encouragement to him. 她祝他成功。（作宾语） She wished him (success). 谓语一般由动词担任： 试验成功了。（作谓语） The experiment has succeeded. 定语常由形容词担任： 他是一位成功的作家。（作定语） He is a successful writer. 状语多由副词担任： 他工作很顺利。（作状语） He worked successfully. 从这些句子中可以看出，不分清词类就寸步难行。 1.2.4同一个词可用作多种词类 同一个词只用作一个词类的情况是相对较少的，多数词都可兼作不同词类，例如： after可用作介词、连词、副词、形容词： 做事后诸葛亮是容易的。（作介词) It is easy to be wise after the event. 你走之后我将把这消息告诉他们。（作连词） I will tell them the news after you leave. —会儿之后有人敲他的门。(作副词） A moment after there was a knock at his door. 在以后的岁月中，我对它熟悉起来。（作形容词） In after years l became familiar with it. double可用作形容词、动词、名词和副词： 他那天再次干了双份工作。（作形容词） He again did double work that day. 由于天气不好，蔬菜的价格翻了一番。（作动词） The price of vegetables has been doubled because of the weather. 简和汤姆赛赢了混合双打。（作名词） Jane and Tom won the mixed doubles.

笔译说翻译复习资料

01A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料 原文： 要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取 得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。 在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年 检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。（118 字） 译文： We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted way in light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits from reform. We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors. 0 1B（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料 原文： 坚持放管并重，建立纵横联动协同管理机制，实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同 步到位。 各级政府预算和决算都要向社会公开，部门预算要逐步公开到基本支出和项目支出，所有财政拨款的“三公”经费都要公开，打造阳光财政，让群众看明白、能监督。（115 字）译文： We will attach equal importance to both delegating power and strengthening oversight, establish a mechanism of coordinating management between government bodies at both the same and different levels, and ensure that both responsibility and power are delegated together and that relaxing control and strengthening oversight go hand in hand. Governments at all levels should release their budgets and final accounts to the public, and budgets released by government bodies should progressively include details down to basic regular and project expenditures. In particular, all public spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be made public. We will ensure transparency of public finance and make it easy for people to understand and oversee it. 02A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料 原文： 推进税收制度改革，把“营改增”试点扩大到铁路运输、邮政服务、电信等行业，清费 立税，推动消费税、资源税改革，做好房地产税、环境保护税立法相关工作。 保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，扩大汇率双向浮动区间，推进人民币资本项目可兑换。（117 字） 译文： We will advance the reform of the tax system by taking the following steps: Extend trials for replacing business tax with VAT to the railway transport, postal and telecommunications services industries, abolish fees and replace them with taxes, reform the excise tax and resource tax, and move ahead with legislation on property tax and environmental protection tax. We will keep the renminbi exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate, balanced level,

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