高中定语从句知识点汇总,DOC

定语从句知识点汇总

一、先行词

二、关系词

1.关系代词：

2.关系副词：

4.非限制性定语从句的特殊情况

4.1有些既可以做限制性，又可以做非限制性的定语从句，其含义不同Thereare20studentsinthisclasswhoarefromthenorthofChina.

Thereare20studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.

5.

Thehousewhosewindowsfacesouthisours. Thehousethewindowofwhichfacesouthisours.=Thehouseofwhichthewindo wfacesouthisours.

4.as

作为关系代词可指人或物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。

一般用于such...as、thesame...as、as...as结构中，表示“像”的意思

Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory. Theyfeltsuchheatinthejungleastheyhadneverfeltbefore. Heisnotthesamemanashewas.

4.1thesame...as/that...和such...as/that

①thesame...as/that...

as

②

as

that

②

来引导

Hewasalwayslateforschool,whichmadehisteacherunhappy.

④先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态时，通常用as不用which；如果从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般用which作主语

Shepassedtheexam,aswasexpected. Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmehappy.

⑤当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，通常用which不用as

Tomwaslateforworkagainandagain,whichmadehisbossveryangry.

⑥固定搭配：

asweknow/asisknowntoall

asweallcansee

ashasbeensaidbefore/above

⑦

5.

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.8当主句以here,there开头且先行词是指物的名词时。

6.只用which不用that

6.1关系代词前有介词。

6.2在非限制性定语从句中。

6.3先行词本身是that,those（指物）或双重定语从句中其中一个已用关系代词that 时。

6.4先行词后有插入语时。

HereistheCDwhich,asIhavetoldyou,isagreathelptoyou.

7.只用who不用that

7.1先行词为表示人的不定代词

anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,one,noone时。

7.2

7.3

9.

whom。

9.1

①根据定语从句中动词，形容词所需要的习惯搭配来确定。

②根据先行词搭配的具体含义来确定。

③根据所表达的意思来确定。

9.2介词+关系代词结构的变式

①介词+关系代词+不定式Shemusthavetimeinwhichshecouldgrowcalm.(=inwhichtogrowcalm)

Frank’sdreamistohavehisowngardeninwhichhecanproducemanybeautifulflowers.(=inw hichtoproducemanybeautifulflowers)

②名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词

HetoldusastoryinEnglish,themeaningofwhichIcouldn’tunderstandcompletely. Thereareabout400studentsinourgrade,mostofwhomarefromHaidianDistrict.

10.

10.1

1.

复数形式或theonlyoneof+复数名词结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

2.关系词的省略与不可省略：

2.1关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语，表语时可以省略

2.2关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时

2.3非限制性定从中的关系代词不可省略

2.4介词+关系代词中的关系代词不可省略

2.5表示时间的名词后关系副词可以省略，如thetime,themoment

2.6表示地点名词后关系副词可以省略，如theplace

2.7先行词thereason后面的关系副词可以省略

2.8先行词为way（方法，手段）时，关系副词可以省略

3.如何判断定语从句和同位语从句

3.1

3.2

4.

4.1

4.2

①ThenumberofpeoplewholearnChineseriseseachyear.

=ThenumberofpeoplelearningChineseriseseachyear.

②Mygrandfather,whohasn’tbeenusedtolivinginthecity,hasdecidedtosettleinthecountr y.

=Mygrandfather,nothavingbeenusedtolivinginthecity,hasdecidedtosettleinthecountry. =Nothavingbeenusedtolivinginthecity,mygrandfatherhasdecidedtosettleinthecountry.

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