人教版｜八年级下册英语所有知识点大汇总!

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Unit1 what' s the matter?

1. It’s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。

It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。

It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的。

2. 情态动词should的用法

should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。意为"应该......"。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。

eg. ---I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厉害。

---You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下，多喝水。

3. maybe与may be

（1）maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

（2）may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：

He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师。

4. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：

（1）few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few

表示肯定意义，有几个。例如：

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

（2）little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有； a little 表示肯定意义，有一点儿。例如：

There is little ink in my bottle. Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？

5. not…until直到…(否定句) 才......，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词。

She didn’t leave until we came.

He went shopping after he got up.

=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.

...until/till 直到......（肯定句）动词为延续性动词

We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

Unit2 I'll help clean the city parks.

1. 短语动词小结

常见动词短语结构有下面几种：

（1）动词+副词如：give up 放弃；turn off 关掉；stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动

词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放

在短语动词后。

（2）动词+介词如：listen of 听；look at 看；belong to 属于

这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。

（3）动词+副词+介词如：come up with 提出，想出； run out of 用完，耗尽（4）动词+名词+介词如：take part in参加；catch hold of 抓住

2. each 每个，各自的，强调事物的个别情况，常与of 连用

every 每个，每一个的，一切的，有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用

3. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help him with English

help do 帮助做某事 help study

4. spend...doing... 花费…做…

I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.

5. join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党

take part in 参加(指参加活动) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会

6. run out 与run out of

（1）run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，

本身就含有被动意义。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。

Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。

（2）run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。

两者在一定条件下可以互换

如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time.

7. work out

（1）结局，结果为

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。

（2）算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。

8. hang out 闲荡闲逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。

9. be able to do 能，会

be unable to do 不能，不会

10. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。

11. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。

12. hand out 分发 hand out bananas

give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分….给某人

give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟

give away 赠送捐赠 give away money to kids

give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱

give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西give money to me 给我线

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