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2020人教高中英语阅读理解答题技巧

2020人教高中英语阅读理解答题技巧
2020人教高中英语阅读理解答题技巧

高中英语阅读理解答题技巧

阅读理解历来都是英语测试的重中之重,阅读战略一直都是各类英语考试备考之主打策略,阅读恐惧也是每位考生最大的应试恐惧。想要答好阅读理解,就一定要牢记“重、定、划、看、防、读”阅读理解六字真诀;按照这种思路去解题,正确率会大大提高,做到阅读理解零失误也不是不可能。

“重”

“重文本”——读懂文章最重要

文本是题源所在,如果将考生比作勘探人员,那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正式通过对文章的深入剖析,才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中,让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步,也是最关键的一步。但是,快速读懂一篇文章却非易事,需要进行大量的阅读习练。高超的阅读真功夫有赖良好的阅读习惯的培养。既要读得快,又要读得懂,良好的阅读习惯是保障。

1、阅读的不良习惯

要养成良好的阅读习惯,首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面列举一些常见的阅读不良习惯,对号入座——

心译:读一句心译一句,句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;

指读:阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子,边移边读;

逐字逐句:一字一句,字字重视,句句关心,生怕漏掉一个单词,眉毛胡子一把抓;

见生即查:阅读时欲将生词各个击破,完全扫清阅读障碍,认为只要没有生词,便可洞悉文章;

出声:阅读时发出声音,全篇诵读,字字句句,丝毫不落;

唇读:阅读时虽没有发出声音,但唇随句变,词带舌移,只是声带未颤,声音未出;

默读:没有出声,也没有唇动舌移,但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。

以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性,要么会破坏对文本的整体理解,而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。拿高考来说,共有五篇文章,合理的时间分配是35分钟,再分配到每一篇就只有7分钟了(当然考生可以根据文章难易稍做调整);可就我的教学经验,罕有学生在35分钟内高质量完成五篇文章;有的同学用了50分钟,有的多达一个小时,还不算上复查的时间。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难,只是时间不够”,这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。

2、以意群为单位,成组视读

分清意群,停顿娴熟,不仅是朗诵的关键,更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位,而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视,不是一个词一个词的去默看,而是向探照灯一样根据意群,一组组的进行扫视,这时额头成了一个通道,被收纳的是信息,而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力,非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。

3、首尾在心,紧扣中心

任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图,任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨,而能否明晰作者的写作意图,能否把握文章的主旨,是理解一篇文章的关键,也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平,出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。一般来说,文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中,首尾既包括文章的首段尾段,又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心,文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点,因此同学们应格外注意它们。

以下题为例:

What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A.It’s important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.

B.It’s impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.

C.It’s hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.

D.It’s necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.

该段首句是“Unfortunately,getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult.”它正是该段的主题句,C选项正是对其它的同意转述,当然是正确答案。第50题:

What is the main purpose of the text?

A.To provide travel information.

B.To report some recent news.

C.To teach tourists hiking skills.

D.To introduce the wild life.

本文第一段是:“Five million people visit Grand Canyon in the US everyyear. For the purpose of helping project Grand Canyon for your fellow visitors and future generations, please follow the guide lines below.”本文是开篇点题的典型之作。借用短语“For the purpose of…”,作者清晰明了的表述了自己的写作目的:为了方便游客及后来人尽揽大峡谷风貌,请遵守如下旅游须知。由此可见,为游客提供游览信息是本文的主旨,故答案为A.

4、学会跳读,心中有图

阅读理解要做到心中既有森林,又有树木,既要统揽全文,又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文,了解大意,又可用来搜寻细节,锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体,又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译,而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络,使之直观化、形象化、具体化。

以09年中考安徽卷B篇为例,我们可以将重点表达先进行连线:

a happy new mother------a baby without tears------was called freak------someone donated his/her ears------a new person appeared------married and lived a happy life------his mother’s body without ears;再对文本进行情景联想,一出由伟大的母亲、无耳的畸形男孩和老成持重的爸爸三人联合演绎的动情故事便会顿时跃入脑海,一幕幕催人泪下的感人场景便会浮现在眼前。

5、善于猜测词义

各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇,这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示,考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语,直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可,比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等,而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意,因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍,一定不能因之而恐慌,从而影响发挥。对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词,文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示,只要细心,只要思路开阔,就一定能发现线索,确定其含义。

当然,Rome wasn’t built in a day,养成良好的阅读习惯不是一朝一夕的事,它需要耐心、恒心和自制力,只要拥有这“二心一力”,勇于坚持,敢于挑战,方法得当,一个良好的阅读习惯一定会为你所有。

“定”

“定区间”——能够圈定各题答案的范围

出题者一般都是根据文本的某一段,或某一段的某一句,或某一句的某一词,或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查,锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域,为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样,要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫

猫”,就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心,进而准确定位,圈定范围,定能一抓一个准。

总的来说,每个问题都对应于文本中的某个区间,或显或隐,或大或小,或段或句或词,考生要擦亮眼睛,善于定位,为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。

“划”

“划根据”——作答时理由要充分,并在文章中划出解题依据能够在文本中划出解题根据是正确解题的关键,更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。

猎人有句行话,叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”,在这儿我要告诉各位同学,在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分,根据凿实,这是“不仅知其然,而且知其所以然”的超高境界,是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲,“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。

“看”

“看转换”——注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)

英语语言相当丰富,同一意思会有多种不同表达,以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例,英语中就有不下就中表达:

1.decide to do sth.

2.make a decision to do sth.

3.determine to do sth.

4.be determined to do sth.

5.make a determination to do sth

6.resolve to do sth.

7.make are solution to do sth.

8.makeupone’smindtodosth.

9.setone’smindtodosth.

“防”

“防陷井”——锁定是“true”还是“nottrue”,辨明形近词英语阅读中的陷阱设置最常见的有两种,判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型,考生做题前一定要认真审题,看准是“true”还是“nottrue”,是“right”还是“wrong”,然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为,这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然,在考场高度紧张的情况下,什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“nottrue”看反而懊恼不已,顿足捶胸?

对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”,三思而后选。只要细心,此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。如07年高考全国二卷A篇第45题很多同学选择了A,原因主要是他们把“lonely”看成了“lovely”,这正是出题人设置的陷阱所在,因为“lonely”与“lovely”只有一个字母之差,词形相近,很容易被看混。但只要稍加留意,避免此误也不是难事。

归根到底,“防”的主要对象是自己,防止慌张,防止粗心大意,防止那些“想当然”的想法,防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对,处处留心,任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。

“读”

“读全项”——做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项,区分鉴别,选择最佳

阅读理解是从三个或四个选项中选出一个最佳选项,解题时考生要通读所有选项,比较鉴别,确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断,匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时,选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”,通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。

高中英语三大类题型超详细解题技巧

1 短文改错 增强语感,宏观把握 短文改错是一种综合技能,主要在于检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章中错误以及在语篇中综合运用英语知识准确性的能力。 短文改错与书面表达一样,最能反映一个人的语言功底。考生在该题上失分最厉害,因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。 一、短文改错的复习重点 1、考生必须熟悉设错方式:多词、少词、错词。 ⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。 ⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。 ⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。 2、考生平时应加强基本功训练,用一个“错题集”把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下,以便考前复习。 二、对全文的宏观把握

学生应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解,这样能对短文有个宏观把握,对上下文有全面的了解。 在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读,分析判断,上下兼顾,把明显的、拿的准的题先做完,这样可以缩小包围圈,也有助于对全文的进一步理解。 三、从语法角度审查 1、查看时态是否一致。 My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时,此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符,应改为am。 2、查看主谓是否一致。 Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs,因其主语是it(为形式主语),且上下文均为一般现在时。 3、查指代是否一致。 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人,因此指示代词his应改为their。 4、查平行结构是否平行一致。 由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。 It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. 句中的drove显然与and前面的to meet不平行,应改为drive。

高中英语学习方法和答题技巧

高中英语学习方法与答题技巧 英语学习是一个长期积累的过程,要想学好的话需要一定的付出。最重要的是要随时留意你所接触到的比较常用的单词,用一个小笔记本记录下来。当然,这需要多阅读和练习,针对你的情况,可以制定一下学习计划: 1、每天早上坚持早起读英语,培养语感。有些人说早读英语对考试用处不大,我觉得这是很错误的说法,因为英语是一个语言学科,多读对提高英语的写作跟听力等各方面的能力都有很大帮助。而且,语言学习的最终目的是与人交流,所以要坚持早读。 2、用一个小记录本,每天记下5个左右的单词,这个贵在坚持,不要太多,关键是每天都得做。 3、记录下你所见到的比较好的句型,积累起来。这个不仅对你的单项填空有用,对写作的用处也非常大,因为考场作文不会给你太多的时间,你必须积累一些句子。 4、突破语法需要练习题目,最重要的不是多,而是要学会归纳总结。我建议你最好是能有一个本子,把你认为不太懂的写下来。最好不要标在练习书上,这里在记录在本子上的时候一定要注意一下,不要就题论题,一定要把这个题涉及的语法要点写上,便于拓展。起初你只有几道题,当你越积越多,你就会发现,有很多题你都似曾相识,那时就不错了。这个过程只要你坚持每天练,只需要不到连个月。 5、听力的突破当然离不开听了,你现在的情况应该大量的听课文,注意他的发音,而且最好是能跟着他读。其次就是适当的练题,积累考场经验。听力也需要坚持。 综上几点,你也许会发现,有很多地方都需要笔记本。的确,英语需要积累,需要你用笔记本去记录下你的总结成果,一定不要眼高手低,要持之以恒,我相信,只要你努力,英语提高肯定不是问题。 资料推荐: 《老友记》很经典的英语学习喜剧片 <走遍美国> 非常实用的口语 英语的学习方法是一样的,不分地区,虽然高考英语略有不同。想考到130分,实际就是知识细节的掌握。高中英语的知识量对比初中有很大的增加,在初中的时候如果学习不是很努力或者学习方法不是很得当,在成绩上体现得不是很明显,但是到了高中学习努力和方法得当缺一不可。给你提供一些学习方法改错本是比较不错的选择,如果你现在在用改错本,那你在错题的复习上可能存在问题,我不知道你是否在做题的时候,单选题,完形填空,和阅读理解是否用的时间相同,有很多学生对于单选题出现两极分化的做法。一种是人为单选在高考中占的分数比例不高,做的就比较少。另一种是做单选比较多,但并没有做到单选题的“四会”问题,只是选择答案即可,实际上单选题是阅读理解和完形填空的基础,你可以看看周围的同学,单选题打得好的,完形和阅读都不会有什么问题,怎样通过单选题来提高阅读和完形的能力,把我刚才说的“四会”做到即可。即知道选什么,知道为什么,单选单词都会,会翻译,你可能觉得如果这样做单选题会很浪费时间,觉得不值。如果这样想就错误了,很多学生做过很多单选题,但单选的正确率还是上不来,就是因为研究的不够全面也不够深,做到“四会”就没有问题了,还有很多学生阅读和完形也做了不少就是效果不大也是因为只顾了数量忽视了质量,但如果单选做到了“四会”,你的细节问题就会迎刃而解,但注意要及时复习改错本。到高考时改错本既是我们完整细节的帮手,又是复习的好工具。

最新高中英语阅读理解翻译100篇资料

V. Reading Comprehension (15%) A It was 3.21 a. m. when nine-year-old Glenn Kreamer awoke to the smell of burning. Except for the crackling (爆裂声)of flames somewhere below there was not a sound in the two-storey house at Baldwin, Long Island. With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Glenn was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen, 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up. Then he helped each on through the house to the safety of the garden. There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, collapsed on the lawn. The nine-year-old raced back into the house and upstairs to his mother's room. He found it impossible to wake her up. Mrs. Kreamer, a victim of the smoke, was unconscious, and there was nobody to help Glenn carry her to the garden. But the boy remained calm and, as a fireman said later, "acted with all the self-control of a trained adult." On the bedroom telephone, luckily still working, Glenn called his father and, leaving Mr. Kreamer to telephone the fire brigade and ambulance service, got on with the task of saving his mother. First he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden. He could hear the fire engine coming up, but how would the firemen find his mother in the smoke-filled house where flames had almost swallowed up the ground flo or? Grasping firmly a ball of string from the garage, Glenn raced back into the house and dashed upstairs to his mother's room. Tying one end of the string to her hand he ran back, laying out the string as he went, through the hall and back out into the ga rden. Minutes later he was telling fire chief John Coughlan :"The string will lead you to mother." Mrs. Kreamer was carried to safety as the flames were breaking through her bedroom floor. 71.Why did Glenn run downstairs first? A.He wanted to find out what was happening. B.He was worried about his mother's safety.

高中英语阅读理解题 篇及答案

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