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逍遥游逐字逐句翻译高中语文打印版

逍遥游

庄周

北冥（通假字“溟”）有鱼，其名为鲲（北海里有一条鱼，它的名字叫鲲）。鲲之大，不知其几千里也（鲲非常巨大，不知道有几千里）；化而为鸟，其名为鹏（鲲变化成为鸟，它的名字就叫做鹏）。鹏之背，不知其几千里也（鹏的脊背，也不知道有几千里长）；怒（奋发）而飞，其翼若垂天之云（当它振动翅膀奋起直飞的时候，翅膀就好像挂在天边的云彩）。是（这）鸟也，海运则将徙（迁往）于南冥（这只鸟，大风吹动海水的时候就要迁徙到南方的大海去了）——南冥者，天池也。（南方的大海是一个天然的大池子。）《齐谐》者，志（记载）怪者也（《齐谐》这本书，是记载一些怪异事情的书）。《谐》之言曰：“鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟（环旋着往上飞）扶摇（旋风）而上者九万里，去（离开）以（介词，表凭借）六月息（气息，这里指风）者也（书上记载：“鹏往南方的大海迁徙的时候，翅膀拍打水面，能激起三千里的浪涛，环绕着旋风飞上了九万里的高空，乘着六月的风离开了北海）。”野马（指游动的雾气）也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也（游动的雾气，飘飘扬扬的尘埃，都是生物用气息相吹拂的结果）。天之苍苍，其（在选择句中翻译为是…还是…）正

色邪？其远而无所至极邪（天色深蓝，是它真正的颜色呢？还是因为天高远而看不到尽头呢？）？其视下也，亦若是（这样）则已矣（鹏往下看的时候，也不过像人在地面上看天一样罢了）。且夫水之积也不厚，则其负大舟也无力（如果聚集的水不深，那么它就没有负载一艘大船的力量了）。覆杯水于坳堂（堂上低洼之处）之上，则芥为之舟，置杯焉则胶，水浅而舟大也（在堂前低洼的地方倒上一杯水，一棵小草就能被当作是一艘船，放一个杯子在上面就会被粘住，这是水浅而船却大的原因）。风之积也不厚，则其负大翼也无力（聚集的风不够强大的话，那么负载一个巨大的翅膀也就没有力量了）。故九万里，则风斯（就）在下矣，而后乃今（然后才开始）培（凭借）风；背负青天而莫之夭阏（阻碍）者，而后乃今将图南（因此，鹏在九万里的高空飞行，风就在它的身下了，凭借着风力，背负着青天毫无阻挡，然后才开始计划朝南飞。）。蜩与学鸠笑之曰：“我决（xuè，快速的样子）起而飞，抢（触碰）榆枋而止，时（有时候）则（或）不至，而（那么）控（落下）于地而已矣，奚以之九万里而南为（奚以…为，表示反问，哪里用的着…呢）？（蝉和小斑鸠讥笑鹏说：“我们奋力而飞，碰到榆树和檀树就停止，有时飞不上去，落在地上就是了，哪里用得着飞九万里到南海去呢？）”适（到）莽苍（郊野景象，指近郊）者，三餐而反（通假字“返”），腹犹果然（很饱的样子）（到近郊去的人，只带当天吃的三餐粮食，回来肚子还是饱饱的样子）；适百里者宿舂（chōng）粮（到百里外的人，要用一整夜时间舂米准备干粮），适千里者，三月聚粮（到千里外的人，要聚积三个月的粮

食）。之（此）二虫又何知（知道什么）（蝉和小斑鸠这两只小虫、鸟又知道什么呢）！

小知（通假字“智”）不及大知，小年（寿命）不及大年（小智比不上大智，短命比不上长寿）。奚以知其然也（凭什么知道是这样的呢？）？朝菌不知晦朔（朝生暮死的朝菌不知道一个月的时间的变化），蟪蛄不知春秋，此小年也（春生夏死、夏生秋死的寒蝉，不知道一年的时间变化，这就是短命）。楚之南有冥灵者，以五百岁为春，五百岁为秋（楚国的南方有一种大树叫做冥灵，它把五百年当作一个春季，五百年当作一个秋季）。上古有大椿者，以八千岁为春，八千岁为秋，此大年也（上古时代有一种树叫做大椿，它把八千年当作一个春季，八千年当作一个秋季，这就是长寿）。而彭祖乃今以久特闻，众人匹（比）之。不亦悲乎！（可是活了七百来岁的彭祖如今还独以长寿著名，一般人和他相比，这不是很可悲的吗！）汤之问棘也是已（就是这样）（商汤问棘，谈的也是这样）。穷发之北有冥海者，天池也（在草木不生的极远的北方，有个大海，就是天池）。有鱼焉，其广数千里，未有知其修者，其名为鲲（里面有条鱼，它的身子有几千里宽，没有人知道它有多长，它的名字叫做鲲）。有鸟焉，其名为鹏。背若泰山，翼若垂天之云（有一只鸟，它的名字叫做鹏。鹏的背像泰山，翅膀像天边的云）。抟扶摇羊角（旋风）而上者九万里，绝（直

上穿过）云气，负青天，然后图南，且适南冥也（借着旋风盘旋而上九万里，超越云层，背负青天，然后向南飞翔，将要飞到南海去）。斥鷃笑之曰：‘彼且奚适也？我腾跃而上，不过数仞而下，翱翔蓬蒿之间，此亦飞之至（飞的最高极限）也。而彼且奚适也（小泽里的麻雀讥笑鹏说：‘它要飞到哪里去呢？我一跳就飞起来，不过数丈高就落下来，在蓬蒿丛中盘旋，这是飞的最高限度了。而它还要飞到哪里去呢？）？’”此小大之辩也（这是大和小的分别。）

故夫知（通假字“智”）效（胜任）一官，行（善行）比（合）一乡，德合一君，而（通假字“耐”）征（指取信）一国者，其自视也亦若此矣（所以，那些才智能胜任一官的职守，善行能联合一乡的人，品行可使一位君主满意，能力能够取得全国信任的，他们自己很得意，其实和上面说的那只小鸟一样）。而宋荣子犹然（笑的样子）笑之（宋荣子对这四种人加以嘲笑）。且举世誉之而不加劝，举世非之而不加沮，定乎内外之分，辩乎荣辱之境，斯已矣（至此而止）（宋荣子这个人，世上所有的人都称赞他，他并不因此就特别奋勉，世上所有的人都诽谤他，他也并不因此就感到沮丧，他认清自己和外物的分际，分辨清楚荣辱的界限，至此而止罢了）。彼其于世，未数（shu ò）数然（拼命追求的样子）也。虽然，犹有未树也（他在世间，没有追求什么。即使如此，他还是没有树立什么）。夫列子御风而行，泠然（轻快的样子）善也（列子乘风而行，飘然自得，驾轻就熟）。旬（十天）有五日而后反（通假字“返”）（十五天以后返回）。彼于

致福者，未数数然也（他对于招福的事，没有拼命去追求）。此虽免乎行，犹有所待（凭借）者也（这样虽然免了步行，还是有所凭借的）。若夫乘天地之正，而御六气之辩，以游无穷者，彼且恶（何）乎待哉（凭借什么呢？指无所侍）（倘若顺应天地万物的本性，驾驭着六气的变化，遨游于无穷的境地，他还要凭借什么呢？）？故曰：至人无己，神人无功，圣人无名（不立名）。（所以说：修养最高的人无我，神人无功利，圣人无立名。）

人教版高中英语课文原文与翻译

人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译必修

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