人教版中考英语复习专题 介词专项

人教版中考英语复习专题介词专项

一、初中英语介词

1．—Bill, did you see Tom?

—Yes, he just parked his car here and then hurried the street.

A. through

B. over

C. past

D. across

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：—比尔, 你看见汤姆了吗？—是的，他刚刚把车停在这儿，然后匆忙穿过街道。A. through穿过（从物体中间穿过）；B. over越过（在物体上方,不接触）；

C. past经过（从旁边经过）；

D. across穿过（从物体表面横穿），穿过街道应该是从表面穿过，用across。故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析。熟记这些介词的含义。

2．—Is there ________ in today's morning news on CCTV-1?

—Yes, France Team beat Korea Team by 4: 0 in the 8`h FIFA Women's World Cup in France ________ June 8, 2019.

A. anything special; on

B. something special; in

C. special something; on

D. anything special; in

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——在央视一今日新闻里有特殊的事情吗？——是的。法国队在2019年6月8日的法国第八届女子足球世界杯中以4:比0的成绩击败了韩国队。复合不定代词+形容词，排除B、C。问句是一般疑问句，所以用anything；on+几月几日，June 8 是几月几日，具体日期，所以用on，故选A。

【点评】考查复合不定代词及介词用法，注意平时识记，理解句意。

3．—Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore?

—Go ________ Center Street and you'll find it.

A. For

B. along

C. with

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下。最近的书店在哪里？——一直沿着中心街走，你就会发现它。A.为了；B.沿着；C.和。go along，沿着……走，固定搭配，故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到固定搭配go along。

4．The worlds longest cross-sea bridge, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, opened ________ October 24 2018.

A. in

B. at

C. by

D. on

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：世界最长的跨海大桥，香港-珠海-澳门大桥在2018年10月24日开通。in the morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上，固定搭配；at+时间点；by戒指；on+几月几日，故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记，理解句意。

5．My mother often says, "Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud who you are." A. of B. with C. at D. in

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我妈妈经常说，像向日葵一样挺起胸膛，为自己感到骄傲。be proud of，固定搭配，为……骄傲，故选A。

【点评】考查固定搭配，注意be proud of的用法。

6．We are going to have a party ______ the evening of June 30th.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. for

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我们打算在六月三十日晚上举行晚会。根据30th，可知是具体日期，on+具体日期，是固定搭配，在某天，故选A。

【点评】考查固定搭配，注意on+具体日期的用法。

7．We communicate _____ each other in many ways, such as by e-mail or by phone.

A. on

B. through

C. in

D. with

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我们用很多方法相互联系，比如通过电子邮件或者电话。communicate with，与某人联系，与某人保持联系，固定搭配，故答案是D。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意识记固定搭配communicate with的用法。

8．I want to learn a second foreign language English.

A. except

B. beside

C. besides

D. except for

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：除了英语外我想再学习一门外语。beside在……旁边；except 除……之外，不包括在范围之内；besides除……之外还有： except for除……以外； except for 后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；而except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。根据second，可知英语已经学了，可知此处是除……之外还有，故选C。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。先弄清所给介词意思，然后根据上下文的联系和句意确定所使用的介词。

9．A marathon was held in Yancheng ____________21st April, which drew 12,000 runners.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. by

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：一场马拉松在四月21日在4月21日举行的，他包括12,000个跑

步者。on后接具体某一天，in后接上下午，晚上或年月，等；at后接具体几点钟；by 在……之前；根据21st April，表示在4月21日，具体某一天，应该用介词on，故选A。【点评】本题考查介词辨析。要掌握介词的使用规则和使用方法。

10．The bright sunlight comes into the room ______the window.

A. through

B. across

C. past

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：明亮的阳光通过窗户照进来。through 通过，穿过，一般指在…空间里穿过；across 通过，跨过，一般指物体的表面穿过；past 过了，可用来指时间/数量。阳光穿过窗户的内部，所以用through，故答案选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。

11．When you're invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be _______ or a little later. It's different from our Chinese custom.

A. on time

B. on business

C. on show

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】当你被一个美国朋友邀请到家里吃晚饭时，你应该准时或稍微晚些。这和我们中国人的习俗不同。根据语境及or a little later可知应该选择表示时间的短语。 A. on time准时；B. on business为公事；出差；C. on show展览；在公开展出；根据语境及句意，故选A。

【点评】固定介词短语会根据所搭配词语而产生意思上的不同，我们应注意记忆并体会。

12．—Sally, it's already 10: 00 pm. It's time for you to go to bed.

—OK. Dad. I'll turn ________ the TV right now.

A. on

B. down

C. off

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：—莎莉，已经晚上10点了，你该睡觉了。—好的，爸爸，我马上关电视。turn on 打开；turn down 关小； turn off关上；根据It's time for you to go to bed.可知是关上电视；故选C。

【点评】考查介词短语。根据语境选出合适的介词，保证句意通顺，并熟记三个短语。

13．The program "I'm a Singer"is quite popular ______ students these days. They often talk about it between classes.

A. for

B. with

C. in

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：这个节目我是歌手很受学生欢迎。他们经常在课间谈论它。be popular with在…中有声望/受好评，固定短语。根据句意语境，故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析题。熟记此短语。

14．My brother joined the army ________ September last year.

A. on

B. by

C. at

D. in

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥去年九月参军。on后接具体的日期、星期和节日；by后接方式；at后接时间点、时刻；in后接某年某月；September，9月，因此前面用in，故选D。

【点评】此题考查介词。注意表示年月动名词前用介词in。

15．—Who is the space scientist from Beijing?

—The man______ white over there. He's of medium height.

A. with

B. in

C. or

D. for

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:—谁是来自北京的太空科学家?—在那边穿白色衣服的那个人。他中等身材。in+颜色词,表示“穿着某某颜色的衣服”,习惯用法。故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析题。牢记此结构。

16．I saw a snake lying across the road .

A. on the way to home

B. on the way home

C. in the way to home

D. in the way home

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：我在回家的路上看见一条蛇横卧在马路上。on （the）one's way home，在回家的路上，固定短语。故选B。

【点评】考查固定短语on （the） one's way home。

17．Don't stay inside such a sunny morning. Let's go out to enjoy the gentle wind and the sweet flowers.

A. on

B. in

C. from

D. at

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：不要在这样一个阳光明媚的早晨呆在家里。让我们一起去享受温柔的风和甜蜜的花朵。A. on 用在某一天，或某一天的早晨，下午、晚上的前面；B. in用在某年，某月，或季节的前面；C. from从，来自；D. at用在表示点钟的时刻前面。此句中的morning前有形容词sunny来修饰，特指这样的一个上午，前面要用介词on，故选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析。熟记不同的时间前面的介词用法。

18．Let's put the piano over there, __________ the wall.

A. above

B. against

C. across

D. around

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：让我们把钢琴放在那边，靠着墙摆放。A. above在……正上方；B. against紧靠；C. across穿过，横穿；D. around围绕，在附近。结合Let's put the piano over there可知此处是说钢琴的位置，钢琴只能靠着墙摆放，故选B。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。

19．Mum won't let Simon go out unless he promises to be back ______10 o' clock tonight.

A. till

B. before

C. as

D. since

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：除非西蒙答应今晚10点前回来，否则妈妈不会让他出去的。A. till 介词或连词，直到；B. before连词或介词，在……之前；C. as连词或介词，当……时候或作为；D. since连词，自从……以来。晚上回家应该是10点前，“在……之前”用before。故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意理解介词意思，理解句意。

20．The earth goes _____ the sun.

A. around

B. through

C. between

D. across

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：地球绕着太阳转。A. around围绕、环绕；B. through穿过，表示从事物内部穿过；C. between在…两者之间；D. across横穿，表示从事物外部一边到另一边。根据句意“地球绕着太阳转。”go around表示绕着......转，故答案为A。

【点评】考查介词辨析。掌握介词意义和一些固定搭配的用法。

21．Look at the picture on the right! She is going _______.

A. into the library

B. out of the post office

C. into the supermarket

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：看右边的图画！她要去超级市场。A. into the library进图书馆；B. out of the post office走出邮局；C. into the supermarket进超市。根据右边的图片可以看到这名妇女正要走进超市，结合选项，故答案为C。

【点评】考查图片辨析。看懂图片，理解题意，注意熟记表示地点的名词。

22．I would like to see a film this evening, but things are my control and I have to work.

A. in

B. under

C. beyond

D. through

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：今天晚上我想看电影，但是事情超出了我的控制，我必须工作。

A 在里面；

B 在下面；

C 超出；

D 通过。根据题干中的语句I would like to see a film this evening与I have to work.提示可知，本来打算去看电影，后来不得不工作，说明超出了可控范围，故选C。

【点评】考查介词辨析。注意每个选项的基本含义及用法，根据语境确定选项。

23．Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races ________ 9:00a.m. ________ the morning of June 7.

A. at; in

B. at; on

C. on; in

D. on; on

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：大多数村民在6月7日上午9点参加龙舟比赛。9:00 a.m.具体时刻前用介词at；June 7，具体日期前用on，故选B。

【点评】考查介词，注意具体时刻前用介词at，具体日期前用on的用法。

24．Jimmy and his parents visited us _________ a cold night last winter.

A. at

B. in

C. of

D. on

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：在去年冬天一个寒冷的夜晚，吉米和他的父母来拜访我们。at后跟时间点；in+世纪、年、季节、月份等或+早晨、下午、晚上；of ……的（表示所属）；on+具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午、晚上。根据空后a cold night last winter可知是具体某天的晚上，用on，故选D。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。注意每个介词的使用方法。

25．—The boy is tall enough his age.

—Yes, I was much shorter when I was his age.

A. of

B. at

C. from

D. for

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——对于他的年龄这个男孩已经足够高了。——是的，当我在他那么大的时候，我矮多了。of……的；at在具体的时间点或地点；from来自；for对于。根据句意可知，这里表示对于这个男孩的年龄来说，故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析，熟记介词的用法并能在语境中熟练运用。

26．—To leave or to stay? You must make a choice.

—OK. I know I can't stand the two ideas.

A. among

B. between

C. with

D. against

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——离开还是留下？你必须做出选择。——好的，我知道我不能

选择中立。A. among在……中间，指三者或三者以上的中间; B. between在……之间，指两者之间; C. with和……一起; D. against反对。根据 You must make a choice. 可知此处指不能在两者之间摇摆不定，故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析。根据语境和上下文的联系确定所使用的介词。

27．The road ______ the gate of success must be made up of difficulties, so all of us should face them bravely.

A. towards

B. against

C. opposite

D. beyond

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：通往成功之门的道路必须由困难组成，所以我们大家都应该勇敢地面对困难。A 通向；B 反对；C 相反；D 超出。固定结构，the road to/towards，通往……的路，固定搭配，故选A。

【点评】考查介词的辨析。注意熟记一些固定结构。

28．—Tom, what's your reason for being late for school this time?

—I thought I could arrive on time. But the bus started moving ______ I could get on it.

A. after

B. until

C. while

D. before

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你这次上学迟到的原因是什么？——我认为我可以按时到达的。但是我上车之前车开始走了。A.在……之后；B.直到；C.当……时候；D.在……之前。根据可知汤姆没有赶上共公交车，因此我还没上车汽车开始走了。故答案是D。

【点评】考查连词辨析，主语根据主句和从句的意思确定相应的连词。

29．—Mr. Wang's work goes ______teaching, and he always thinks of the children first and takes good care of them.

—Yes, he was praised as one of the "People Who Moved Yangzhou"

A. beyond

B. beside

C. behind

D. between

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——王老师的工作超出了教学，他总是把学生放在第一位，并好好照管他们。——是的，他曾经被评为“感动扬州人物”。go beyond，超出，超过，固定短语，故答案是A。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意识记固定搭配go beyond。

30．Happy birthday, Peter! Here's a gift you.

A. for

B. in

C. with

D. from

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：生日快乐，彼得！这是给你的礼物。A给……;为……，B 在……里，C和……;用……;随着……，D从……，来自……。送给某人的礼物，用介词for，故选A。

【点评】本题考查介词辨析，注意理解句意。

二、初中英语虚拟语气

31．（题文）I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It’s mo re polite. A．were B．will be C．am

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去时，主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意：如果我是你，我就穿衬衫带领带去参加聚会。那样更礼貌。故选A。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

32．– What would you do if you ______ a car accident?

– I will call the police.

A．met B．meet

C．were meeting

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反的句子，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意：如果你遇到一场交通事故你该怎么做？我将打电话报警。故选A。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

33．—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina?

—Well, If I were you, I homework first.

A．will do B．have to finish C．must finish D．would do

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：妈妈，我能和吉娜去购物吗？——哦，如果我是你，我会首先完成作业。结合语境可知主句表示的是对现在的虚拟，故用过去将来时态，选D。

考点：虚拟语气

点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

34．---If I were you, I ________ study harder

A．had B．would C．did D . do

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

句意：如果我是你，我会学习更努力。结合语境可知本句表示的是对现在的虚拟，故从句中用过去时态，主句中用过去将来时态。选B。

考点：考查虚拟语气

35．---Can you tell me what to wear at the party?

---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans.

A．was,will wear B．am,will wear C．were,would wear D．were,wore

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：

句意：---你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗？---如果我是你，我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句，虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式（be 一般用were），主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。

考点：考查虚拟语态。

36．If I you, I’d take a small present for her.

A．am B．is C．was D．were

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：1、与现在事实相反：若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反：若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”。

3、与将来事实相反：若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。句意：如果我是你，我会给她带一件小礼物。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现在相反的事实，故选D。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

37．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story.

A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会告诉他们这个故事。本题考查虚拟语气，if 从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would +动词原形，表示与现在的事实相反。故选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

38． If I you,I buy a bike for him.

A．was,would B．was,could C．were,would D．were,could

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会给他买一辆自行车。buy sth for sb给某人买某物；本句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，在虚拟语气中不能用was,而用were，因此选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

39．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid .

A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你，我就不害怕。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时，主句要用过去将来时，故选C。

考点：虚拟语气

点评：虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，不过这个条件是无法实

现的。从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时表示，则主句中的谓语动词用过去将来时。

40．She doesn’t stick to her exercises and a balance d diet. If she _______, she would remain slim and healthy.

A．had done B．would do C．did D．should

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：她没有坚持锻炼和均衡饮食。如果她这样做了，她将保持苗条和健康。

考查虚拟语气。had done过去完成时；would do过去将来时；did过去时；should应该；根据后文“would remain ”，所以是对现在的虚拟，此处应是did/be动词（were），故选C。

41．_______ in order to sit for the college entrance exam?

A．What did she suggest he read B．What did she suggest he reads

C．Did she suggest for him to read D．Did she suggest what he read

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：为了参加大学入学考试，她建议他读什么书?

考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句用that sb should do，should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词（助动词）+主语+其他？故选A。

42．If I ________ invited tonight, I would go to the dinner party.

A．was B．were C．am D．is

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我今晚受到邀请，我会去参加晚宴的。由整个题干可知，现实情况与事实相反，是非真实的情况，是虚拟语气，虚拟语气中be都用were,故选B。

考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。

43．If I you, I the army.

A．am, would join B．were, would join C．am, will join D．were, will join

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意:如果我是你,我会参军.结合语境可知本句是对客观状况的虚拟,故用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态.选B.

考点：if引导的条件状语从句

点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种

假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“shoul d （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。

44．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver.

A．think; are B．am thinking; are

C．thought; were D．think; were

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。

45．--------- Come and join us, Jim!

---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go.

A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

（1）、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

（2）、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

（3）、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

句意：吉姆，来加入我们吧！抱歉，我不能。如果我有时间，我肯定会去的。结合语境可知下文中表示与现在相反的事实，故条件状语从句中用一般故去时态，选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气

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