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2017高二期末试卷完形任务型

2017高二期末试卷完形任务型
2017高二期末试卷完形任务型

第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Happiness is one of the most precious things in life.36 it, a man will feel that his ill fate has taken charge of him and the world is utterly dark and dreadful. As a result, too many

for happiness to 43 , it’s likely that it never will! The only time to be happy is right now! When you’re always wanting something more and always looking forward to a time 44 you’ll be “happy”, you’ll never reach that goal. Happiness is not a set of accomplishments or the 45 of material things. You must accept that life will always have 46 and things will not always go your way. Instead of feeling disappointed when things don’t 47 the way you’d hoped, you’d better feel 48 for the experience. 49 dreaming of a brighter, happier and richer tomorrow, you’d better make today as wonderful as you can.

Happiness is not some state we will one day reach for good, but a 50 process of honest, productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful and 51 person. Just as a famous saying that goes, “There is no way to happiness. Happiness is the way.”Happiness is a 52 decision that you can make right now. Thinking of the future and having aspirations is essential to 53 a happy and fulfilled life.

55 .

36. A. For B. Without C. Before D. After

37. A. think B. refer C. regard D. consider

38. A. naturally B. eventually C. gradually D. deliberately

39. A. puzzled B. disappointed C. changeable D. miserable

40. A. condemned B. claimed C. committed D. commanded

41. A. natural B. obvious C. strange D. difficult

42. A. destination B. promotion C. goal D. authority

43. A. show up B. swell up C. speed up D. split up

44. A. what B. where C. which D. when

45. A. occupation B. possession C. preference D. accumulation

46. A. fantasy B. appreciation C. challenges D. rewards

47. A. cut out B. work out C. let out D. take out

48. A. grateful B. guilty C. sympathy D. sorry

49. A. Rather than B. Other than C. In spite of D. Instead of

50. A. serious B. ambiguous C. continuous D. ambitious

51. A. worthy B. modest C. kind D. generous

52. A. reasonable B. conscious C. proper D. serious

53. A. spending B. wasting C. leading D. consuming

54. A. remember B. prevent C. try D. stop

55. A. lifestyle. B. criterion C. demand D. target

第四部分: 任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

It is well known that the brain updates its knowledge and behavior to respond to changes in the environment when we get feedback. However, if th ere’s uncertainty or volatility in the environment, the entire process must be adjusted. In a new study, Dartmouth researchers discovered that there’s not a single rate of learning for everything we do, as the brain can adjust its learning rates using a synaptic mechanism called metaplasticity.

However, the previous theory that the brain always behaves optimally is contradictory to what Dartmouth researchers found. How the brain adjusts learning has long been thought to be driven by the brain’s reward sy stem and its goal of optimizing rewards obtained from the environment. Researchers explain that synapses are the connections between neurons in the brain and are responsible for transferring information from one neuron to the next.

When it comes to choice in evaluating potential rewards, your learned value of a particular option, reflecting how much you like something, is stored in certain synapses. If you get positive feedback after choosing a particular option, the brain increases the value of that option by making the associated synapses stronger. In contrast, if the feedback is negative, those synapses become weaker. Synapses, however, can also undergo modifications without changing how they transmit information through a process called metaplasticity.

Previous studies have suggested that the brain relies on a dedicated system for monitoring the uncertainty in the environment to adjust its rate of learning. The authors of this study found however, that metaplasticity alone is sufficient to adjust learning according to the uncertainty about reward in a given environment.

“One of the most complex problems in learning is how to adjust to uncertainty and the rapid changes that take place in the environment. It is very exciting to find that synapses, the simplest computational elements in the brain, can provide a robust solution for such challenges,” said Dr. Alireza Soltani, an assistant professor of psychological and brain sciences.

“Of course, such simple elements may not provide an optimal solution but we found that a model based on metaplasticity can explain real behaviors better than models that are based on optimality,” he added.

In a word, according to this study, learning can be self-adjusted and does not require explicit optimization or complete knowledge of the environment.

高二英语试卷

单项选择:CBBCD/BADCD/CBCAC

完型填空:BAADC /BCADD /CBAAD /ABCDA

任务型:71.Title / Theme 72. response73 contradicts 74. contributes /leads75. dependent

76. ability 77.connected 78.responsibility 79.Despite80.required/necessary

Despite the fact that the desire to look attractive is universal, Chinese girls pay more attention to their appearance. In order to make themselves attractive, they even modify their pictures by some apps while American don’t.

Even though there is nothing wrong with longing for beauty and seeking perfection, I don’t like to modify personal photos by pictures processing applications or beauty software. For one thing, I like everything that is real and I’d like to show others my true self. No matter how attractive a modified picture is, what it shows isn’t my true self. For another, nobody is perfect and we should be tolerant of our imperfections.

In a word, it is wise to accept and love who we are. There is no point in complaining about our appearance and expecting to be somebody else. Besides, we can take exercise to make ourselves look better. Just be ourselves.

2018年八年级英语下册期末试卷(含答案)

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财政学期末模拟试卷E

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2020年高二语文期末试卷及答案

2020年高二语文期末试卷及答案 一、阅读下面的文字,回答1—3题. 魏晋南北朝时期是佛教东传的扎根期,隋唐时期是佛教东传的开花结果期,这两个时期是佛教文明与中华文明对话的最重要时期。 唐以后,随着三教合流,随着中国化佛教禅宗的盛行,融入中华文 明的佛教已经成为中华文明的有机组成部分,佛教已经不是在异族 异质文明意义上与中华文明展开对话了。 魏晋时期佛教文明与中华文明的对话主要体现在佛学与玄学的对话上,两种文明对话呈现出佛学的玄学化和玄学的佛学化。南北朝 时期佛教文明与中华文明对话的一个突出特征是皇帝亲自参与对话,如宋文帝曾与僧人论究佛理,宋武帝亲自到寺庙听讲,梁武帝甚至 亲制发愿文,皈依佛教,大兴寺庙。 佛教文明在中土的生根开花结果,还在于佛教本身具有一种对话精神,佛教内部往往通过对话来加深对佛法佛学的理性认识。中土 的高僧大德完全继承了印度佛学的对话精神。慧远曾就大乘要义与 罗什通信,往复问答。慧远的弟子慧观,也从罗什请问佛学,研核 异同,详辩新旧。受到罗什的高度赞扬,与僧肇一起被称为“第一”。 佛教东传与中华民族文明对话并不纯粹是“西学东渐”的单向对话,同时还有大量中土的高僧大德长途跋涉到天竺等西方取经而形 成的逆向对话。中土沙门西行求法从曹魏的朱士行开始可谓代不乏 人 其中东晋的法显和唐朝的玄奘是最为突出的两位。当代印度史学家阿里教授在给季羡林先生的信中写道:“如果没有法显、玄奘和 马欢的著作,重建印度史是完全不可能的。” 佛教文明与中华文明对话的一个深远的历史影响是通过中国,佛教流传远播于四邻诸国。早在隋朝,佛教就通过中国而影响到高丽、

百济、新罗及日本。没有在中国的存在与发展,佛教难以成为一个 世界性的宗教。就此意义而言,中国佛教具有建构世界宗教文明的 不可或缺的重要的历史价值。 (选自张三夕《佛教文明与中华文明的对话》,有删改) 1.下列关于“佛教文明与中华文明的对话”的理解,不正确的一项是()(3分) A.佛教文明与中华文明的对话历经两汉、魏晋南北朝、隋唐时期,唐以后,伴随着中国化佛教禅宗的盛行,佛教不再被看作是在异族 异质文明意义上与中华文明展开对话了。 B.公元2世纪到7世纪期间出现的佛教的东传及其与中华文明的对话,是世界文明对话史上最重要的历史事件,使佛教从一个地方 性宗教上升为世界性宗教,就是到今天还发挥着重要的精神作用。 C.佛教文明与中华文明的对话可以说是双向对话,不仅有“西学东渐”的单向对话,同时也有大量像法显和玄奘等中土的高僧大德 到西方取经而形成的逆向对话。 D.佛教文明与中华文明的对话,不仅使佛教融入中华文明,成为中国思想文化的结构性力量之一,而且也产生了深远的历史影响, 使佛教通过中国流传于四邻诸国。 2.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是()(3分) A.佛教文明与中华文明的对话在魏晋和南北朝时期的表现特征不同,魏晋时期主要是佛学的玄学化和玄学的佛学化,南北朝时期一 个突出特征是皇帝亲自参与对话。 B.在魏晋时期,中外学者合译佛经就取得了突出成绩,小乘佛教的基本经典《阿含经》系列和大乘佛教的重要经论、密教经典、律 典等都被译出。 C.佛教进入中国是和平的、非强制性的,最初是与道家的黄老之术和方士之术互相影响、相得益彰的,因此,佛教进入中国是一个 因地域关系自然而然地发生的过程。

八年级下册英语期末试卷(附答案)

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初二英语期末试卷及答案

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财政学期中考试试题带答案

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