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高考英语《完形填空题》方法指导与备考策略

新课标高考英语《完形填空题》方法指导与备考策略精品

一、考查形式

英语完形填空题主要考查学生阅读理解能力、逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握能力。从近两年的考题看，此题共10题20分。短文长度为164个词，为206个词，172个词。短文的空位间隔最小为4个单词，最大为41个单词，除第一句不设空外，其余均可留空。

二、考查内容

“完形填空”要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后完成10个填空，考点明确，主要考查：

词语在特定语境中的用法；篇章结构的衔接；篇章意义的连贯。

高考详析：本大题中由理解空格所在句本身即可选出答案的有21(固定搭配)题，22题(常识)，24题(常识)，26题(固定搭配与常识)，28题(动宾搭配与常识)，29题(固定搭配)等6道题，占总数的60%。由上文信息和常识即可选出正确答案的有23题、25题(并列关系也很重要)、30题(so暗示了上下文的因果关系，还涉及到词语辨析)，共3个小题；由下文信息可选出正确答案的有27题。本大题固定搭配和常识题较多，应当属中等偏易；其中最难的可能是第30题。

动词4个题，名词3题，形容词2题，副词1题。各选项除符合四个选项属同一词类、同一语法形式外，在完形填空中不考代词、冠词、介词、连词(包括从句的连接词)；即使在高考题中出现这几类词，那也是命题人的失误。可是，在某些地级市的一模、二模中却出现了代词、冠词、连词或介词，望模拟题的命题人在今后的命题中注意与高考题靠近。

三、能力要求

1．完形填空应测试的能力完形填空总体能力要求

1)要求考生通读全文、通篇考虑。掌握其大意，综合运用所学的词汇语法等知识，选出最佳选项填入空缺处。使短文的意思和结构完整：

2)要求考生在解答完形填空题时，有时只需读懂考点所在的句子，有时则必须读懂邻近的句子，甚至是上一段或下一段的有关内容。10个题的短文中，有5个题要逾越句子层次才能选出正确选项。

3)考查考生在特定的语境中运用词汇的能力，这是完形填空题考查的另一个重点

4)考查考生掌握和运用惯用法、搭配、常识、逻辑推理的能力。

2. 考生答题时的能力要求

1)从上下文的角度考虑：做完形填空题时．必须通读全文，很多题只有通过上下文才能选出正确答案

2)从词汇意义及用法的角度考虑：做词汇意义及用法的题目，要求考生必须有较大的词汇量，并能够结合上下文确定词义

3) 从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑逻辑推理和生活常识是命题人经常考虑的一个考点

4)从惯用法和搭配的角度考虑：惯用法和搭配也是经常考到的一项内容。

四、解题策略指导

1. 解题步骤

1）跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题。

一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句是不挖空的，先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。

2）通读全文，把握大意。

做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。首先要快速浏览全文，弄清各段落之间，各层次之间的内在联系，把握文章的完整性。只有这样才符合这种题型的解题思路。

3）逐句细读，确定选项。

大致把握了全文的大意和作者的意图之后，就可以根据上下文，选取与文意最贴切的选项。此时，应遵循先易后难的原则，对有把握的选项“一锤定音”。对没有把握的选项不妨先放一放，接着往下看，往往会出现“柳暗花明”的情况。

4）再次阅读，复查答案。

复查时从意义和语法两个角度考虑，着眼于全篇。特别注意的是，我们所选的是“最佳”选项而不是“正确”答案。

上述三步可概括为：一步粗读寻思路，二步细读选答案，三步复读纠错误，若能沉着照此办，胸有成竹少失误。

2. 解题技巧

1）根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡

化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。

[例1] Bob had just made a “motherhood contract(合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 1 the care of their four children and all the housework. Although he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident…. After 40 of the 70

days, he was ready to give up. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 2 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”….

1. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over

2. A. strange B. pleasant C. difficult D. serious

[解析]1.题从语法角度考虑四个选项都可以接受，但是从上下文考虑，文章中我们可以读到男主人和女主人之间是自愿签订了一个代替母亲做家务和照看孩子70天的合同。所以，自签订合同之日起，他将接替妻子所有的家务。D（take over）选项从词义和语法上都符合上下文。2. 题可以从上文的beaten down和下文的impossible job可以判断出选择C （difficult）。

2)根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整

的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能够驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。

[例2] But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble .

A. speaking

B. sleeping

C. breathing

D. moving

[解析] 根据常识，一般跑得太多的结果是气喘吁吁，所以选breathing，表示跑后“喘不过气来”；而speaking和sleeping都不是跑步所带来的特有结果；如果跑后不能moving（动）了，那就对身体损伤太大了，所以这个词太过分。

3) 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在

完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记，对所学词语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。[例3] , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I used to see -- or look at -- on my way to work each morning.

A. Make

B. Take

C. Give

D. Have

[解析]本题掌握t ake … for example这一固定搭配可知答案为B (Take)。

4) 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨

析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。

[例4] When the papers were , she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.

A. examined

B. completed

C. marked

D. answered

[解析] 本题考查动词辨义。空白处需要一个动词的过去分词与were 构成谓语。各个选项都有可能是正确答案，迷惑项有较强的干扰性，因为该词可以构成考生比较熟悉的动宾搭配：examined the papers （审查试卷）、completed the papers（完成试卷）、marked the papers(批阅试卷)、answered the papers (回答试卷)。可下文是“she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.（他发现12个学生在考试中犯了完全一样的错误）”，老师只有在“批阅给分”时才有可能发现这种情况，所以正确答案应为C. marked。

由于许多词汇在上下文中以不同形式反复出现，请注意以下几点：

(1) 同一词上下文复现：很多正确选项常是上文或下文中出现的词。

(2) 同义词复现：and连接两同义的词或句子。happy and gay；unhappy and disappointed.

(3) 反义词复现：but 连接两个含义相对的词：small but neat；expensive but tasty；gave them reason to reflect on their past and plan for their future.

(4) 词汇链即不同词类的联想：如：believe和belief；think和thought；repairman 和fix one's car.

(5) 词义深层内涵的区别：如：“普通的”在英语中有多词可用，但含义不同。common：强调事情发生的频率，非罕见的，如common sense；ordinary：强调事物的等级、一般和日常、平凡之含义，如：ordinary people ；usual：强调习惯；general：强调大多数，较少例外；normal：含义为标准的，常态的。

5) 利用语法分析解题完形填空题中也有考查语法知识的题目。对于他们，考生不仅

要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点，对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成分，哪类词合适，应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考，从而迅速解决问题。比如，选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、谓语形式、非谓语形式、及物、不及物、持续性质、非持续性质、主谓搭配以及其如何与其它词类配合使用等一系列问题。熟练地掌握基础语法知识并运用其进行分析解答完形填空题是一种非常有效的解题方法。

[例5] I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most surprising and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. ……

A. declared

B. mentioned

C. persuaded

D. suggested

[解析] 分析句子结构可看出we play应为宾语从句，只有suggest后的宾语从句的谓语用should加动词原形，should省略。又如：

I was leaving several girls camp up to me.

A. while

B. when

C. as

D. since

[解析] “be doing …when…”为常用句子结构，意思为“正在这个时候….”。所以选B.（when）。

6) 利用语篇标志解题语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群，段落、篇章等。

语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等。表示逻辑关系的有：thus，therefore，so等；表示改变话题的有：by the way等；表示递进关系的有besides, what is more, further 等; 表示时间关系的有before, so far, yet, meantime, meanwhile, now, later等等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。[例6] What laughing 2 we had about the 3 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 4 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to 5 it down simply for my own 6 , not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. 7 , I would write something else. 4. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately

[解析]第4小题考查依据语篇标志语做出判断的能力。文章一开始作者谈到由于写作文引发的一段回忆，回忆后提到“I wanted to write about it”。especially表示程度上的递进, 与上下文不符。fortunately不符合语境，probably与“I wanted to write about it”前后矛盾，所以C. suddenly为最佳选项。

7) 利用排除法解题有时我们会遇上这样的情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用

法不甚明了、但发现其它选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时候我们可以试试排除法：将干扰项逐项检查验证，凡发现有错误的选项，立即剔除出选择范围。随着选择范围的缩小，选项的

准确率就会不断提高。经过这样分析推敲弃误留正，便会水落石出，找出正确答案。排除法如果运用得好，可以收到事半功倍的效果。

[例7] Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 31 a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.

A. throw

B. walk

C. climb

D. fix

[解析]考生如果对walk作及物动词的用法不是很熟悉，很难直接选出答案。在这种情况下运用排除法就会非常方便实用。我们可以先将明显不合题意的三项A、C、D排除掉。因为下文中提到Philippe Petit 在绷索上走了七个来回（Philippe Petit made seven trips, back and forth）。所以很明显这个大胆的法国人不是在两楼之间扔（throw）绳子，也不是顺着绳子朝上攀登(climb)，更不是在两座楼间固定(fix)绳子。剩下的B(walk)当然是正确答案了。

8) 摆脱定势逆向思维考生如果学习方法不当，对某些知识点进行了过度强调，就会

产生思维定势。例如过度强调make sb. do sth. 这一结构，当看到make sb. 时就会不假思索地用不带to的不定式do sth.作宾语补足语。其实make sb. 后面也有可能接不定式短语的。如：The father made a paper tiger to please his son. 不过to please his son 不是宾语补足语，而是目的状语。思维定势使一些考生形成猜题的心理。完形填空题中常利用反猜手段设计一些似是而非的题目，利用学生的思维定势，诱导学生“误入歧途”。

[例8] I was very thin when I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn’t eat much, because I was afraid of being too 48 to run. I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual 49 .

48. A. full B. tired C. lazy D. big

49. A. size B. share C. space D. state

[解析]第49小题前面提到making mistakes（犯错）及make more（犯更多错），根据意义应该找一个能代替错误的名词，本句句意并不是在讨论错误大小，size显然不对，它与more 也不搭配；space（空间）、state（状态）都与错误没关系；B. share（份儿）可以表示在错误中所占比例，与前面的more联系起来，可以说明犯更多的错。可是不少考生由于受定势思维影响，不敢选share，似乎永远在分东西时，才用share，而从没想过“错误”也用它，这充分证明学生的语言体验不足、掌握词义比较死板；其次也说明他们缺少把上下文与空白之间进行逻辑联系的能力。

总之，完形填空解题时要注意运用适当的技巧，克服急躁心理，试着从上下文角度、文化背景角度、生活常识角度、惯用法和固定搭配及语法和词义角度等多角度来进行分析，也就是把多种方法结合起来。

五、高考实例评析

1. 广东高考英语完形填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.. In particular, them was ( and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies (仙女). Not all of these 21 are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are 22 and cause much human suffering. This is true in the tales about the Changeling. These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parents. It was then 25 that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and 26 the human baby with a fairy Changeling. There were many ways to prevent this from happening:

hanging a knife over the baby's head while he slept or covering him with some of his father's clothes were just two of the recommended 27 . However, hope was not lost even if the baby had been 28 . In those cases them was often a way to get the 29 baby back. You could 30 the Changeling on the fire--then it would rise up the chimney, and you would hear the sound of fairies' laughter and soon after you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.

21. A. babies B. believers C. fairies D. supermen

22. A. powerful B. creel C. frightened D. extraordinary

23. A. sick B. slim C. short D. small

24. A. uncomfortable B. unbelievable C. unacceptable D. unrecognizable

25. A. feared B. predicted C. heard D. reported

26. A. covered B. changed C. replaced D. terrified

27. A. cases B. tools C. steps D. methods

28. A. missed B. stolen C. found D. lost

29. A. little B. pale C. sad D. real

30. A. seize B. burn C. place D. hold

[命题特点]

1．题量与分值和一样，共10题20分，短文的长度为206个单词(包括10个空位)，比的164个多42个：短文的空位间隔最小为4个单词，最大为41个单词，除了第l句和第3句没有设空外，其余均留有空位：其中，第21题和22题的两个空位，第23题和24题的两个空位，以及第25题和26题的两个空位，均分布在同一个句子中。

2．这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，第l句和第2句都没有设空，为考生把握信息源提供了语境。

[能力要求]

今年的完形填空题要求考生具有综合运用语言的能力，能够从整体上把握文章的内容、主旨大意、语境和词汇知识以及词与词、句与句、段与段之间在行文逻辑上的相互联系，瞻前顾后，全面考虑，分析判断；要求考生能通过语篇阅读来理解各种逻辑关系，选择合适的词汇项

目：因此考生必须具备：1)丰富的词汇；2)必备的背景知识；3)良好的阅读习惯；4)一定的解题技巧；5)严谨的思维能力：

[文章导读]

一些关于超自然的寓言故事在英国广为流传，尤其是关于仙女的传说，故事中的仙女有善有恶，有的还会危害人类。此文是一个有关仙女偷换人间小孩的神话故事，并介绍了逃避此劫难的几种方法：

[试题分析]

21．C指前文的fairies，和下文的they一致：表示“并不是所有的仙女都像出现在迪斯尼电影和童话故事中的人物那样友好、爱护人民，他们当中也有残暴之徒，给人民带来苦难”。

22．B．跟friendly相对，当然是残酷无情。再加上后文提示cause much human suffering：powerful 和extraordinary未必就对人类造成灾难，C项的形式不对，“神仙本身令人害怕”应用frightening．

23．A。根据后面的形容词pale可推测“因生病而脸色苍白”：只有sick和pale是同类范畴形容词．而small．slim，short是描述人或动物的外貌的词，无法与pale形成必然的联系：

24．D．由changed so much可知“无法认出的”才符合题意：unbelievable，unacceptable

是指某件事情无法让人相信或接受，而非某个人变化太大而无法让人相信或接受.

25．A．It was then feared that...＝People then feared that．．．人们担心是否有恶毒的仙女来过换走了孩子：而“据预测／据听说/据报道……”都不合题意：

26．C考查动词搭配，replace… with…表示“用……替换……”：change与into搭配，其他选项语意不通：

27．D，由前文ways和后面的way可知选D：method与way同义：

28．B．与前文提到的“stolen the baby away ”相呼应。

29．D．考查上下文逻辑关系，“用这种方法，可以把自己真正的孩子(real baby)换回来”：30．C把Changeling放(place：put) 在火上“烤”：

[解题方法]

1．答题要规范，三遍梳理文章。

答题时至少要读三遍才能吃透文章：第一遍：跳读，即浏览文章大意、主旨和主题词，切忌见空填空；第二遍：细读，即仔细阅读短文．根据每个空格的前后、上下文、逻辑等语境和词义搭配逐个选定答案(其中21、22、23、24、25、27、28、29、30题都是语境题，只有26题

是词义搭配题)；第三遍：通读，即查漏补缺。修正失误，复查时最好默读是否通顺，如读起来不通顺需推敲答案。

2．要注意前后语境，结合全文结构和中心思想，根据常识和上下文提供的信息进行理解、分析和推理；熟悉前、后制性设空和语篇设空的特点：

所谓后制性设空，是指设空的答案由未读过的下文决定，如22题，它的答案要根据后面的cause much human suffering来选；如果设空的答案由已读过的上文决定，则为前制性设空．如24题就要根据前面的changed so much 来选：需要综合上下文而定的答案，则为语篇性设空，如28题和29题，要读完整篇文章才能选出正确答案：完形填空的设空答案有的由一个句子决定，如23题和24题．只要理解它们所设空的句子就可以选定答案；有的由相邻不远的句子决定，如21题，要理解前一个句子才能得出正确答案；还有的则由语篇内容综合决定，如28题和29题：

3．除了根据文章的首句、首段和总结概括性的尾句来判断时态、人物、主要线索之外，还要学会根据上下文的同义词线索(如27题根据上文提到的ways与methods同义)、环境线索(如30题，只有把Changeling放到火里面．他才会从烟囱里跑出来)、对比线索(如x题的cruel与friendly构成对比关系)、因果线索(如25题，把自己的孩子换走当然会担心、害怕)、顺序线索(如26题，仙女先把婴儿偷走．然后换一个fairy Changeling)等进行分析判断.

2.广东高考英语完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分）

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从21~30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining, construction, and warfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸药). On April 12, 1888, Alfred's brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper ___21___ his brother for him and carried an article

___22___ the death of Alfred Nobel. “The merchant of death is dead.” the article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became ___23___ by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday. ”Nobel was ___24___ to find out not that he had died, but that, when his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from ___25___ and destruction.

To make sure that he was ___26___ with love and respect. Nobel arranged in his ___27___ to give the largest part of his money to ___28___ the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great ___29___ to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. So

___30___, Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.

21. A. found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged

22. A. introducing B. announcing C. implying D. advertising

23. A. famous B. sick C. rich D. popular

24. A. upset B. anxious C. excited D. pleased

25. A. death B. disease C. trouble D. attack

26. A. repaid B. described C. supported D. remembered

27. A. book B. article C. will D. contract

28. A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote

29. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions

30. A. generally B. basically C. usually D. certainly

答案与解析

本文记叙了阿尔佛雷德?诺贝尔决定设立诺贝尔奖金的经过。

21. C。因mistake A for B (将A误以为B)是固定搭配。

22. B。由常识可知，报社应是“发布”消息，故用announce (give information about)。

23. C。由首句became a millionaire可知。

24. A。根据常识，看到自己本来死却报道死了这样的消息，特别是说自己通过kill more people faster来发财的评论，应当是“不高兴，苦恼(unhappy or annoyed)”，不可能是“兴奋的(excited)”“高兴的(p leased)”“渴望的(anxious)”。

25. D。与destruction(毁灭)并列的应是attack(攻击)，上文的warfare (战争), kill more people 也都说明要选D。再说，根据有关dynamite (炸药)的特点与运用的常识也可选出正确答案。

26. D。由后文设立奖金可知，是为了改变自我形象，要设法“被别人充满爱与尊敬地铭记(be remember with love and respect)”。

27. C。由最后一句Nobel had to die befor e he realized…可知，是在“遗嘱(will)”中作的安排。

28. A。根据与名词the Nobel prizes的搭配，又结合常识，应当是“设立”诺贝尔奖金。

29. D。奖金应当是将给那些为世界和平、文学和科学等领域作出过巨大贡献的人。make contributions to…(对……作出贡献)是固定搭配。

30. A。遗嘱中安排设立奖金，因此，“普遍(by or to most people, widely)”认为，他到死时才意识到他的人生的真正意义。

六、实战演练

完形填空专项练习第1篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

James sat outside the office waiting for the interview. He felt so 21 that he didn't know what to do with himself. The person who had gone in 22 him had been in there for nearly an hour. And she looked so confident when she went in, not like James. He felt 23 that she had already got the job. The problem was that he wanted this job so much. It meant everything to him. He had 24 it such a lot before the day of the interview. He had imagined himself 25 brilliantly (出色地) at the interview and being offered the job immediately. But now here he was feeling 26 . He couldn' t remember all those things he had planned to say. At that moment, he almost decided to get up and leave. But no--he had to do this. He had spent so much time considering it that he couldn't 27 like that. His hands were hot and sticky and his mouth felt dry. At last the door of the office opened. The woman who had gone in an hour earlier came out looking very 28 with herself. She smiled sympathetically (同情) at James. At the moment, James 29 her. The managing director then appeared at the office door. "Would you like to come in now, Mr. Davis? I'm sorry to have kept you waiting." James suddenly wished that he had gone home after all. He got up, legs 30 and forehead sweating and wondered whether he looked as terrified as he felt.

21. A. healthy B. careless C. nervous D. confident

22. A. after B. by C. before D. with

23. A. sure B. doubtful C. astonished D. angry

24. A. dreamed of B. learned of C. thought about D. talked about

25. A. explaining B. writing C. answering D. performing

26. A. excited B. mad C. certain D. terrible

27. A. take back B. put off C. give up D. put down

28. A. ugly B. pleased C. sad D. pretty

29. A. hated B. love C. missed D. noticed

30. A. broken B. bending C. shaking D. stopped

完形填空专项练习第2篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

When it’s 10:15 in New York, it’s 9:15 in Salt Lake City, and 7:15 in San Francisco – isn’t it? This consistent and orderly time system, based on a grid of time 21 , seems so natural that people ___22___ give it a moment’s thought. So you may find it surprising to learn that prior to the late 1800s each community ___23___ its own time –by looking at the sun. When the sun shone directly overhead in Washington, D.C., for example, it was 12:00 noon there; up the road in Philadelphia, ___24___, it was 12:07, and in Boston it was 12:24. To measure time with absolute accuracy, it is necessary to move the clock about one minute for every twelve miles of distance; so according to “sun time” your pocket watch would be slightly ___25___ if you ventured only a few miles down the road.

It was not until the advent of widespread railroad travel that a need ___26___ for ___27___ time. At one point over 300 local times were honored within the ___28___, making it literally impossible for trains to arrive consistently on time ___29___. As a result, in 1883 the continental,

United States was divided into four time longitude. The standardization resulting from this system ___30___ so helpful that in 1884 the International Meridian Conference applied the same procedure to establish time zones around the world.

21. A. areas B. districts C. zones D. divisions

22. A. usually B. never C. only D. rarely

23. A. made B. established C. arranged D. founded

24. A. however B. therefore C. meanwhile D. by contrast

25. A. different B. wrong C. incorrect D. mistaken

26. A. arrived B. raised C. happened D. arose

27. A. regularized B. organized C. corrected D.

standardized

28. A. state B. county C. world D. country

29. A. everywhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. somewhere

30. A. was proved B. has been proved C. was proving D. proving

完形填空专项练习第3篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled( 推动，迫使) by some unseen 11 to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. 12 a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very 13 that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form 14 habits, some of which remain with them as 15 as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by 16 .

There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great 17 . Many successful men say that much of their success has 18 to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness(彻底性).

Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on, these are all 19 formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been __20

We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.

11. A. action B. courage C. force D. energy

12.A. For B. Once C. Because D. If

13. A. possible B. important C. useful D. helpful

14. A. good B. useless C. bad D. unchangeable

15. A. far B. soon C. long D. early

16. A. themselves B. them C. one D. oneself

17. A. help B. harm C. uselessness D. hardness

18. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything

19. A. possible B. hardly C. difficult D. easily

20. A. forgotten B. remembered C. kept D. avoided

完形填空专项练习第4篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

Nowadays, most employees of local high-tech industries are below the age of 35, and for newly rising industries such as computer software and the Internet, the figure is below 30.

People in this age bracket are known as Generation-X, which is___21____those born between 1963 and 1981. ___22____with those born from 1946 to 1960, Generation-X are typically ___23____, they value free will, are willing to try out new methods and are full of creative ideas. However，they also have their ___24____. Employers often complain that Generation-X are a group hard to manage.

Although willingness and enthusiasm (热情) are highly ___25____by Generation-X, they will not accept orders ___26____. In short, Generation-X will not ___27____authoritarian (独裁的) leadership. They ___28____their leaders to have a detailed understanding of the job, and most importantly, to treat them ___29____partners.

As a result, managing Generation-X employees is not only a science but also an art. There are basic guidelines to follow in managing them and helping them ___30____at their best.

21．A．made up B．consist of C．composing of D．made up of 22．A．comparing B．contrast C．compared D．liken

23．A．independent B．reliable C．dependent D．traditional 24．A．merits B．obstacles C．advantages D．shortcomings 25．A．criticized B．agreed C．valued D．controlled 26．A．blindly B．sensibly C．seriously D．cautiously 27．A．receive B．accept C．deal with D．admit

28．A．think B．hope C．suppose D．expect

29．A．for B．as C．being D．with

30．A．manage B．accomplish C．perform D．become

完形填空专项练习第5篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

Nowadays, most employees of local high-tech industries are below the age of 35, and for newly rising industries such as computer software and the Internet, the figure is below 30.

People in this age bracket are known as Generation-X, which is___21___those born between 1963 and 1981. ___22___with those born from 1946 to 1960, Generation-X are typically ___23___, they value free will, are willing to try out new methods and are full of creative ideas. However，they also have their ___24___. Employers often complain that Generation-X are a group hard to manage.

Although willingness and enthusiasm (热情) are highly ___25__by Generation-X, they will not accept orders ___26___. In short, Generation-X will not ___27___authoritarian (独裁的) leadership. They ___28___their leaders to have a detailed understanding of the job, and most importantly, to treat them ___29___partners.

As a result, managing Generation-X employees is not only a science but also an art. There are basic guidelines to follow in managing them and helping them ___30____at their best.

21．A．made up B．consist of C．composing of D．made up of

22．A．comparing B．contrast C．compared D．liken

23．A．independent B．reliable C．dependent D．traditional

24．A．merits B．obstacles C．advantages D．shortcomings 25．A．criticized B．agreed C．valued D．controlled

26．A．blindly B．sensibly C．seriously D．cautiously

27．A．receive B．accept C．deal with D．admit

28．A．think B．hope C．suppose D．expect

29．A．for B．as C．being D．with

30．A．manage B．accomplish C．perform D．become

完形填空专项练习第6篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳

picked up a wire basket and walked towards the back of the store where the rice was kept. The room was quite large and divided by three long aisles(过道), with rows of shelves full of 21 .Besides her and Patel there were only two boys in the store. They were both wearing 22 overcoats. They looked rather 23 because the overcoats were too big for them." 24 ",she heard one of them whisper to the other. She walked on to the next aisle and found the 25 she was looking for. Then she heard some- thing else. It sounded like a box 26 on the floor. She looked through the small open space and saw one of the boys picking up a box. But 27 putting it in the basket, he dropped it into the inside pocket of his overcoat. Kate looked back and saw Mr. Patel at the door checking through a list. Then she looked through the space again. The boys were still putting something else into their inside pockets ..." Let' s get out of here." one of them said and they moved away from her.

When she got to the door, the two boys were 28 her. She watched them paying for the few things in their basket. They had both 29 their overcoats. Mr. Patel did not seem to know what they had done. He even 30 at them as they were about to leave. Now Kate decided to stop them.

21. A. books B. baskets C. magazines D. goods

22. A. long B. tight C.grey D. dirty

23. A. nervous B. young C. strange D. excited

24. A. Look up B. Watch out C. Put it down D. Listen to me

25. A. book B. rice C. bag D. magazine

26. A. throwing B. dropping C. spreading D. splitting

27. A. instead of B. as though C. rather than D. in spite of

28. A. looking at B. talking to C. in front of D. behind

29. A. thrown out B. put on C. buttoned D. hidden

30. A. shouted B. smiled C. looked D. laughed 七．专题练习

一、记叙文

解读：近几年高考完形填空中的记叙文主要以叙事、记人为主，如幽默故事、童话故事、历史故事、人物传记和新闻报道等。

记叙文是中学英语阅读材料中最常见的文体，其语言特点是：1、以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；2、广泛使用动词，特别是动态动词；3、适当运用直接引语。

解答记叙文体的完形填空时要着重把握以下几点：1、了解文章的结构形式；2、明确作者的写作目的；3、知晓文章所记叙的几大要素；4、弄清文章是以第几人称的视角来展开积记叙的。

There were a large number of children in Dr Rollier's hospital. He decided to start a hospital school where sick children could 9 and at the same time continue to learn. It was not long before his school was10 .

1 A afraid B proud C full D fond

2 A school B work C winter D the holiday

3 A harmful B good C too much D enough

4 A full B large C small D little

5 A days B seasons C rays D hours

6 A power B medicine C food D way

7 A warned B suggested C hoped D found

8 A water B fish C vegetables D air

9 A be taught B be cured C play D work

10 A full B empty C setting up D closed

（2）

A friend recommended (suggested ) me for a summer job. That meant I would have to tell John I wouldn't be playing. When I told John, he was 8 as I expected him to be. "You have

your whole life to work," he said, "Your playing days are limited. You can't afford to waste them. "I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why my dream of buying my mom a house and having money in my pocket was worth facing his 9 in me.

“How much are you going to make at this job, son?”He asked, “3.5 dollars an hour,”I replied.

“Well,” he asked, “is $ 3.5 an hour the price of a dream?”

That simple question made 10 for me the difference between words and something right now and having a goal.

1 A happy B polite C shy D honest

2 A live B afford C make D need

3 A athletics B music C business D money

4 A kick B play C pass D hit

5 A right B popular C lucky D confident

6 A gave B taught C brought D asked

7 A accident B matter C problem D experience

8 A mad B mournful C frightened D shameful

9 A sadness B regret C hopelessness D disappointment

10 A direct B clear C straight D bare

（3）

“9

"After reading her 10 , I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always dreamed of doing but never believed I could do. "

1 A much B little C well D ill

2 A reporter B designer C writer D teacher

3 A slow B independent C troublesome D helpless

4 A follow B change C connect D explain

5 A pleasant B important C different D special

6 A help B encouragement C grade D words

7 A Therefore B However C Meanwhile D Besides

8 A improved B developed C changed D enriched

9 A Until B After C Since D While

10 A chapter B novel C note D explanation

(4)

Free to fly with the wind

One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun by flying their kites in the wind. Colorful creations of varying shapes and sizes filled the blue and clean skies like beautiful birds dancing. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a 1 kept them in control.

Instead of blowing away with the wind, they went up against it to achieve great 2 . They shook and pulled, but the control string and the long tail kept them under 3 , facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to be saying, " Let me go t Let me go! I want to be 4 !" They flew beautifully even as they fought the control of the string. Finally, one of the kites 5 in breaking loose. "Free at last," it seemed to be saying, "Free to fly with the wind.”

Yet freedom from control simply put it at the 6 of an unsympathetic wind. It dropped ungracefully to the ground and landed in a wild mass of weeds. “Free at last”--- free to 7 powerlessly in the dirt, and to be blown 8 along the ground……

How we are like kites sometimes! The Heaven gives us adversities(逆境), limits and rules to _ 9 from which we can grow and gain strength. Control is a necessary opponent to the winds of opposition. We can never go up high enough to achieve our goals sometimes if we lose our necessary 10 or the rules.

1 A belt B string C wire D wind

2 A skies B lengths C depths D heights

3 A charge B repair C condition D control

4 A quicker B higher C free D quiet

5 A ended B stuck C failed D succeeded

6 A mercy B top C bottom D expense

7 A sit B stand C exist D lie

8 A patiently B silently C helplessly D comfortlessly

9 A escape B follow C break D suffer

10 A opponent B friend C assistant D supporter

the work yourself.

Nick made it through fine. I didn't write his paper. Nor did his mother. Instead, we guided him together. At 10 , we are very happy to see him collect his diploma. But no one was prouder than Nick. He knew what he had done.

1 A average B excellent C open-minded D absent-minded

2 A children B teachers C parents D students

3 A school B homework C research D graduation

4 A lose B graduate C succeed D fail

5 A difference B similarity C comparison D distance

6 A pitiful B successful C harmful D useful

7 A results in B comes from C makes up D takes over

8 A writing B reading C learning D collecting

9 A sure B anxious C worried D happy

10 A classroom B home C graduation D presentation 二．议论文

解答议论文体的完形填空时要着重把握以下几点：1. 把握作者的观点，不要把自己想当然的观点强加于作者。2. 抓住文章开头与结尾。

( 1 )

What I saw was a great opportunity to provide computing technology in a more efficient way.

That was the core(核心) 1 of what became Dell Computer Corporation, and that’s one we have been following ever since.

I started the 2 with a simple question: how can we make the process of buying a computer

better. The 3 was: sell the computer directly to the end 4 . Eliminate (去除) the reseller’s markup and pass the 5 on to the customers.

It hadn’t 6 to me that others hadn’t figured in out. I thought it was pretty obvious. I am sure if I have taken the time to ask, plenty of people would have told me that my idea wouldn’t 7 --- I have heard that a lot in the fifteen years since 8 the business.

Sometimes it’s 9 not to ask or to listen --- when people tell you something can’t work. I didn’t ask permission or approval. I just went 10 and did it.

1. A. idea B. standard C. technology D. opportunity

2. A. service B. plan C. project D. business

3. A. way B. answer C. process D. line

4. A. supermarkets B. customers C. resellers D. drivers

5. A. savings B. earnings C. incomes D. expense

6. A. occurred B. seemed C. appeared D. happened

7. A. change B. work C. understand D. refuse

8. A. challenging B. finding C. starting D. beginning

9. A. worse B. better C. more D. less

10. A. ahead B. out C. on D. along

( 2 )

Five Balls of Life

In a university commencement address (开幕典礼致词) several years ago, Brian Dyson, CEO of Coca Cola Enterprise, spoke of the relation of work to one’s other commitments ( 义务) :

Imagine 1 as a game in which you are juggling (耍弄) some five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you’re 2 all of these in the air. You will soon understand that 3 is a rubber ball. . If you 4 it, it will bounce (弹) back.

But the other four balls family, health, friend, spirit are made of 5 . If you drop one of these, they will be irrevocably (不能挽回的) scuffed (磨损) , marked, nicked (刻痕) , damaged or even shattered (粉碎) . They will never be the same. You must 6 that and struggle for balance in your life. How ?

Don’t destroy your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different that each of us is 7 .

Don’t set your8 by what other people think important. Only you know what is best for you.

Don’t take for granted (想当然) the things or persons closest to your 9 . Hold to (抓牢) them as they would be your life, for without them, life is 10 .

1. A. work B. relation C. commitment D. life

2. A. keeping B. holding C. putting D. flying

3. A. family B. health C. work D. spirit

4. A. play B. pat C. drop D. lose

5. A. wood B. rubber C. glass D. cloth

6. A. repair B. understand C. prefer D. support

7. A. equal B. careful C. special D. valuable

8. A. example B. goal C. aim D. sign

9. A. heart B. seat C. success D. idea

10. A. unlucky B. short C. long D. meaningless

( 3 )

It is interesting to observe the way in which children so often react against their parents’ideas, while at the same time 1 their parents’ characteristics. That is to say, the children grow up to have different views from their parents, yet to have 2 personalities. There is a quarrel going on in the toy world at present over whether children should be 3 to have war toys. I do not believe in encouraging war toys, but I don’t see any point in forbidding them when I think of the 4 of my friend Henry.

Henry is the son of strict parents who were totally opposed to war. He was never allowed toy soldiers 5 a boy , never allowed guns.

Henry grew up and went into the army, becoming a first-class soldier and winning all sorts of military honors in a rather fierce unit. He became the opposite in 6 way of what his parents might have expected of their son. And yet there is a gentleness about Henry which shows a 7 personality. There is a sympathetic element about the man which I can see must have come from his family. In 8 of doing things differently from our parents a lot of the spirit gets passed on.

Parents in all conscience have to teach their children what they believe to be right; but it is not much your ideas that the children 9 your example. Perhaps the best way to teach one’s child gentleness is not to forbid toy guns, but to be gentle in one’s 10 everyday life.

1. A. have kept B. keeping C.kept D.keeps

2. A. different B. same C.no D.similar

3. A. admitted B. offered C.acknowledged D.encouraged

4. A. past B. adventure C.example D.experience

5. A. such B. of C.from D.as

6. A. every B. that C.a D.no

7. A. quite B. silent C.peaceful D.calm

8. A. spite B. that C.which D.way

9. A. follow B. do C.accept D.see

10. A. behaviour B.own C.only D.way

( 4 )

Education ought to give students the tools for dealing with real-life situations . In today’s ever-changing world, critical-thinking skills are extremely 1 for young people beginning new careers.

Successful employees don’t just 2 facts and stuff their minds with details like ducks or parrots. 3 , they analyze situations. They understand how different facts fit together to make one big picture , 4 a jigsaw puzzle. They know which facts are more important than others and what makes one event lead to the 5 .

Some education officials have begun to realize that too much memorizing has 6 effects on students. Stuffing facts without appreciating their connection makes students 7 learning. When students learn only to confirm, they lose their valuable sense of 8 .

Successful societies encourage people to think for themselves and to 9 the world around them. Such attitudes need to be encouraged at school. On the bright side, students can be happy that China is adjusting 10 educational system toward these goals.

1. A. agreeable B.impossible C.remarkable D.valuable

2. A. check B.face C.hide D.repeat

3. A. Besides B.Instead C.Nevertheless D.Therefore

4. A. at B.for C.like D.with

5. A. first https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f818453959.html,st C.next D.second

6. A. great B.negative C.powerful D.same

7. A. fond of B.good at C.satisfied with D.tired of

8. A. curiosity B.direction C.humour D.safety

9. A. ask B.inquire C.question D.reply

10. A. its B.his C.our D.their

( 5 )

Have you ever regretted doing something you shouldn’t have done or something you didn’t do which you should have? At one time or another we probably all have. There’s no 1 in getting depressed about it now ---- it’s no 2 crying over spilt milk. However, there may be some gain in thinking about exactly what happened and why 3 we might be able to draw some conclusion for the future.

One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 4 with a friend or close relative. The odd thing is that we more often display great 5 towards someone we are fond of than towards 6 . The explanation may be that we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net, an opportunity to 7 a bit of steam in a safe environment, while the consequence of 8 a stranger could be far more serious.

Being honest is usually thought of as a virtue and undoubtedly this is the 9 . On the other

hand, we have all experienced occasions when we have spoken our minds to someone, telling them exactly what we feel, and then have found ourselves filled with feelings of 10 . Perhaps

三说明文：

说明文的考点近几年来经常考的是细节的问题，注重事物的发展比较，也许一些现象，及其事物是我们难以想象的，需要以作者的观点为主。

( 1 )

Two brothers founded Houston is eighteen thirty-six. Augusts and John Allen were 1 developers from New York state.

They bought more than twenty-five square kilometers of land in a low-lying area near a small river. They 2 the town after a hero of Texas history, Sam Houston. The Allens wanted to build a city that would become a center of government and commerce . They succeeded. Houston 3 became a center for the cotton trade, then later the oil industry. The Port of Houston links the city to the shipping traffic in the nearby Gulf of Mexico. The capital of the state of Texas is Austin now. But Houston at a time in its early years was the capital of the Republic of Texas.

Texas was part of Mexico until a rebellion by Anglo-American colonists and Tejanos, Mexicans living in Texas. After that , Texas was a republic 4 of Mexico for almost ten years. In eighteen forty-six, Texas became the twenty-eighth 5

Today, Houston is the fourth largest city in the United States. Two million people live there.

The area now 6 more than one thousand six hundred square kilometers of southeastern Texas.

Oil and gas explorations are 7 important to the Houston economy. But other industries have also grown over the years. One of these is the 8 industry.

Houston is home to the Johnson Space Center. 9 train there. And it is also where the NASA space agency has its Mission Control. Controllers direct space shuttle flights from Houston, just as they did with the old Apollo flights to the moon. Movies like “Apollo Thirteen to the moon” have only 10 the image of Houston as “Space City”

（2 ）

In the past , man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 1 .

Today things are 2 . The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 3 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not survive.

Everyone 4 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, 5 will disappear and nothing will grow on land . Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to cut down more and more trees.

We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 6 , in most countries waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this.

We know , too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough 7 . What can we do to solve these problems?

If we eat more vegetables and less 8 , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.

Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them.

The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 9 .

Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner 10 in the future.

( 3 )

Before the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States. Trains were used only for long-distance transportation.

Today the car is the most popular sort of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely 1 the horse as a means of everyday transportation. Americans use their cars for

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