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深圳初中英语语法第1讲【一般现在过去将来时态】

第1讲一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时态

一）课前小测

（第一次课省略）

二）知识要点

1、关于时态

在英语中，由于谓语动作发生的时间不同，或表达不同时间存在的状态，谓语动词都要发生相应的变化。这些动词的变化形式就叫做动词的时态。英语中共有16种时态。初中阶段主要学习，掌握八种时态。

2、一般现在时

1）构成

表动作

①肯定：主语+ 动词原形/动词三单形式

I get up at 6 o’clock every morning.

He gets up at 6 o’clock every morning.

②否定：主语+ don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形

I don’t get up at 6 o’clock every morning.

He doesn’t get up at 6 o’clock every morning.

③疑问：Do/Does + 主语+ 动词原形

Do you get up at 6 o’clock every morning?

Does she get up at 6 o’clock every morning?

表状态

①肯定：主语+ am/is/are + 其它

I am a boy.

He is a boy.

We are boys.

②否定：主语+ am/is/are + not + 其它

I am not a boy.

She is not a boy.

We are not boys.

③疑问：Am/Is/Are+ 主语+ 其它

Am I a boy?

Is she a girl?

Are you boys?

2）用法

①表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。

I go to school every day except Sunday.

There are fifty students in our class.

②表示一种客观事实、普遍真理、格言等。

The Earth is round.

The Earth goes around the Sun.

③表示按时间表、规定安排或计划好将要发生的动作。

The train starts at 7:30.

④在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。

If you don't go soon, you'll be late.

I will wait for you until you come back.

3）时间标志词

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays…

4）动词的第三人称单数变化规则

动词三单加-s ， take —> takes -s, -sh, -x, -ch, +es; wash —>washes 结尾若为辅加-y, 变-y 为i es ； fly —> flies

go, do 加上es ，如遇have 变has. do — >does go —> goes have —>has

3、一般过去时 1

2）用法

① 表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

He left for Beijing yesterday morning. She wasn't at home last night. ② 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

I got up very early at that time.

Mary always got up late at that time.

③ 表示过去常常used to do/be （现在不这样了）

He used to drink alcohol. 他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。） I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。（现在不在早晨散步了） 3）时间标志词

昨天前天前几天 yesterday / the day before yesterday / the other day 那时几岁la-以前 at the moment / at the age of … / last night…/ ...ago 曾经今早刚过去

once upon a time / this morning / just now / in the past 过去时间还一天 one day 4）动词过去式变化规则

规则动词加-ed ， “直去双改”请牢记

不规则动词过去式 am, is-was are-were do-did go-went have-had give-gave get- got see-saw come-came say-said eat-ate t ake-took run-ran sing-sang put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bring--brought can-could cut-cut become-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-found

forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept k now-knew learn-learnt （learned ） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught tell-told

write-wrote wake-woke think-thought

4、一般将来时

1）构成

①will/shall+动词原形

（shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall not=shan't）

Which paragraph shall I read first？

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

②be going to +不定式

?主语的意图，即将做某事

What are you going to do tomorrow?

?计划，安排要发生的事

The play is going to be produced next month.

?有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

③be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

④be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事

He is about to leave for Beijing.

注意：1) be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

2) be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.

⑤现在进行时表将来

go. come. fly. leave. start. begin. finish. end. arrive等可用现在进行表将来

she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.

⑥一般现在时表将来

come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

--When does the bus start?

--It starts in ten minutes.

2）时间标志词

Tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next day(week, month, year…)，soon，in+一段时间…...

3）will和be going to的区别

①表带意愿色彩的将来用will。

I will stay with you and help you.

②在问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用will。

Will you go to the park with me?

③表示客观将来用will。

I will be 22 years old next year.

④be going to 常用于口语中，表即将发生的动作或存在的状态。

We are going to help him.

⑤打算计划准备要做的事用be going to。

We are going to leave next Monday.

⑥根据某种迹象表明可能要发生的事，用be going to。

Look at the clouds, It’s going to rain.

三）精选习题

1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to

B. will going to be

C. is going to be

D. will go to be

2.Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn't working

B. doesn't working

C. isn't going to working

D. won't work

3.He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is

B. is; is

C. will be; will be

D. is; will be

4.There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was

B. is going to have

C. will have

D. is going to be

5.--_____ you ______ free tomorrow? --No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will

B. Are; going to be; will

C. Are; going to; will be

D. Are; going to be; will be

6.Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives

B. will give

C. gives

D. give

7.--Where is the morning paper? --I ________ it for you at once.

A. get

B. am getting

C. to get

D. will get

8.________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be

B. Will there be

C. There can be

D. There are

9.If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have

B. will have

C. had

D. would have

10.He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.

A. gives

B. gave

C. will give

D. is going to giving

11.He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

A. writes

B. has written

C. will write

D. wrote

12.He ________ in three days.

A. coming back

B. came back

C. will come back

D. is going to coming back

13.If it ________ tomorrow, we'll go roller--skating.

A. isn't rain

B. won't rain

C. doesn't rain

D. doesn't fine

14.--Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? --No, ________ （不去）.

A. they won't.

B. they won't.

C. they aren't.

D. they don't.

15.Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?

A. will; go

B. do; go

C. will; going

D. shall; go

16.We ________ the work this way next time.

A. do

B. will do

C. going to do

D. will doing

17.Tomorrow he ___ a kite in the open air first, and then ____ boating in the park.

A. will fly; will go

B. will fly; goes

C. is going to fly; will goes

D. flies; will go

18.The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.

A. will watch

B. watches

C. is watching

D. is going to watch

19.There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be

B. will be

C. shall going to be

D. will going to be

20.They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

A. are having

B. are going to have

C. will having

D. is going to have

21.________ you ________ free next Sunday?

A. Will; are

B. Will; be

C. Do; be

D. Are; be

22.He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.

A. will

B. is

C. will be

D. be

23.________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?

A. Are; going to borrow

B. Is; going to borrow

C. Will; borrows

D. Are; going to borrows

24.It ________ the year of the horse next year.

A. is going to be

B. is going to

C. will be

D. will is

25.Let's go out to play football, shall we? --OK. I ________.

A. will coming

B. be going to come

C. come

D. am coming

26.The train ________ at 11.

A. going to arrive

B. will be arrive

C. is going to

D. is arriving

27.Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.

A. work; works

B. works; work

C. work; are working

D. is working; work

28.One of the boys_____ a black hat.

A. have

B. there is

C. there are

D. has

29.We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.

A. don't rain

B. didn't rain

C. doesn't rain

D. isn't rain

30.He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.

A. rose; set

B. rises; sets

C. rises, set

D. rise; sets

31.Jenny____ English every evening.

A. has study

B. studies

C. study

D. studied

32.When ___________ usually go to work in the morning?

A. does people

B. do peoples

C. does peoples

D. do people

33.I helped her ___________ her mother.

A. finds

B. finding

C. find

D. found

34.If you don’t ___________ ID card, you ___________ go to the party.

A. has; won’t

B. have; won’t

C. take; will

D. has; will

35.She ___________ to wear jeans to the party this Sunday.

A. will

B. is going

C. going

D. will going

36.___________ he to watch TV in the evening?

A. Did

B. Does

C. Used

D. Didn’t

1.（2011广东，39）Our math teacher _____ in our school for 20 years and he _____ here when he was 23 years old.

A. has taught; has come

B. taught; comes

C. taught; came

D. has taught; came

2.（2011广东，43）--Let’s go fishing if it _____ this weekend. --But nobody knows if it _____.

A. is fine; will rain

B. will be fine; rains

C. will be fine; will rain

D. is fine; rains

3.（2011肇庆，26）You are too late. The film _____ since half an hour ago.

A. has begun

B. has been on

C. began

4.（2010茂名，36）Everyone _____ the Spring Festival especially the kids, because they can get money in red packets.

A. enjoy

B. enjoys

C. is enjoying

D. are enjoying

5.（2010汕尾，39）Our teacher, Miss Chen, ______ English on the radio the day before yesterday.

A. teaches

B. taught

C. will teach

D. had taught

6.（2010广东，43）The Greens will visit Hainan as soon as they ____ to China.

A. comes

B. come

C. came

D. will come

7.（2008广东）Tim will call me as soon as he _____ my package.

A. receive

B. will receive

C. received

D. receives

8.（2007广东）The woman and her husband _____ in the same company.

A. work

B. works

C. is working

D. has worked

9.（2007广州）The little girl _____ her cup a moment ago, but luckily it wasn’t broken.

A. dropped

B. is dropping

C. had dropped

D. was dropping

10.（2007广州）As we know, things like that _____ all over the world every day.

A. happens

B. are happening

C. will be happened

D. are happened

11.（2011北京，28）Paul and I _____tennis yesterday. He did much better than I.

A. play

B. will play

C. played

D. are playing

12.(2011北京，33)I will send you an e--mail as soon as I ______ in Canada.

A. arrive

B. arrived

C. am arriving

D. will arrive

13.(2011重庆，26) I called you ,but nobody answered. Where ______ you?

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

14.(2011重庆，34)Betty will ring me up when she ______ in Beijing.

A. arrive

B. arrives

C. arrived

D. will arrive

15.(2011江西，33) Mary isn’t here at the moment. She ______ later.

A. comes

B. came

C. has come

D. is coming

16.(2011江西，36)I’m now in New York with my friend Jenny. We _____ by plane on Monday.

A. arrive

B. arrived

C. are arriving

D. will arrive

17.(2011浙江杭州，21)The last time I ______ to the cinema was two years ago.

A. go

B. have gone

C. have been

D. went

18.(2010北京，30)Tom will call me as soon as he ______ home.

A. gets

B. has got

C. got

D. will get

19.(2010湖南长沙，26)--What are you going to do this afternoon?

--We are going to have a football match if it ______.

A. will rain

B. rained

C. doesn’t rain

20.(2010湖北武汉，27)--When _____ you _______ to learn to skate.

--Five years ago.

A. do; start

B. will; start

C. had; started

D. did; start

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