2012中南考博英语真题

1. There can be no collapse in the property market because sellers have a real _______ to sell if they can't make last year's prices.

A) Reluctance B) manipulation C) recommendation D) justification

2. Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be ________ the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced into foods by the process.

A) counterbalanced by B) attributed to C) inferred from D) stimulated by

3. The rose may grow as low bush or as a tree, ________.

A) depends on how it is pruned B) depending on how to prune

C) to depend on how to prune D) depending on how it is pruned

4. The Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National Park in Texas were created by volcanic eruption that occurred _________.

A) the area in which dinosaurs roamed B) when dinosaurs roamed the area

C）did dinosaurs roam the area D) dinosaurs roaming the area

5. Her 30-year study of the Gombe National Park chimpanzees is the largest continuous field project ever recorded. It has made her ---and the chimpanzees---a living _____.earning her honorary degree, doctorates and wildlife conservation awards all over the world.

A) legend B) specimen C) maximum D) document

6. A century ago the physician's word was ______ to doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious

A) inevitable B) intractable C) incontrovertible D) objective

7. Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by “drugs” that aren't really drugs at all ______ sugar pills that contains no active chemical elements.

A) or rather B) but rather C) rather than D) other than

8. In the popular Western imagination, India continues to be a country in backwardness and poverty will little to show _______ scientific innovation or technological achievement.

A) for want of B) in gratitude to C) in contact with D) by way of

9. There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social behavior and the values informing it that cannot be _____ from one or another point of view, or even dismissed as simplistic or vapid.

10. The ratio of the work done by machine _______ the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machine.

A) against B) with C) to D) for

A) challenged B) intuited C) harangued D) defended

11. Written to be performed on a ______, Thornton Wilder's play Our Town depicts life in small New England community.

A) stage scenery of bare B) bare of stage scenery

C) scenery bare of stage D) stage bare of scenery

12. The senator's attempt to convince the public that he is not interested in running for a second term is _______ given the extremely public fund-raising activities of his campaign committee.

A) futile B) sincere C) specious D) disingenuous

13. That she seemed to prefer dabbling to concentrated effort is undeniable; nevertheless, the impressive quality of her finished paintings suggests that her actual relationship to her art was anything but _______.

A) superficial B) passionate C) disengaged D) lighthearted

14. So much of modern fiction in the United States is autobiographical, and so much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the ________sometimes seem largely interchangeable.

A) authors B) misapprehensions C) genres D) intentions

15. The first explorer ______ California by land was Jedediah Strong Smith, a trapper who crossed the southwestern deserts of the United States in 1826.

A) that he destined B) to reach C) had stretched D) who approached

16. Not surprisingly, people in the northern part of the country, where the work ethic and the climate push the pace of life ever upward, ______ permanently in the fast lane.

A) reside B) concede C) tick D) wrest

17. Although biological methods of pest control are now available to committed organic gardeners, there are few of us who never need to ________ the use of chemicals.

A) resort to B) refer to C) size up D) pick up

18. The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously overcome his or her own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than one whose basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without _______.

A) enthusiasm B) comment C) duplicity D) deliberation

19. The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal devotion to abstract generalization is a hallmark of our present society; in the past this union appeared, at best, ______ and as if by chance.

A) intuitionally B) cyclically C) sporadically D) opportunely

20. The skeleton of a primitive bird that was recently discovered indicated that this ancient

creature________ today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds and unlike reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head.

A) obscured B) preempted C) foreshadowed D) anticipated

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Planning is a very important activity in our lives yet really sophisticated. It can give pleasure, even excitement, 21 cause quite severe headaches. The more significant the task 22 is, the more careful the planning requires. Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring 23 or no planning, and it is almost a 24 . Meanwhile when you luckily to enjoy a mouth's touring holiday 25 , or better 26 ,getting married, it would be a different matter altogether. If the 27 involves a church wedding, with fifty guests, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, and 28 to a new home, this requires even more planning to make 29 that it is successful. Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and 30 avoiding costly failures we cannot afford. It is 31 essential and fundamental to mankind as a 32 ' to individual nations, to families and single people; the 33 may vary, but the 34 of importance does not. In essence, a nation planning its resources and 35 does not differ from the 36 weekly shopping or monthly household budget. 37 are designed to ensure an adequate supply of essentials, 38 a rate of spending within the limits of 39, and if properly carried out, will 40 shortages, wastage and over-expenditure.

21. A) on the end B) or C) more or less D) lest

22. A) aside B) arrangement C) above D) ahead

23. A) little B) fewer C) plenty D) utmost

24. A) routine B) burden C) endeavor D) assignment

25. A) onboard B) alien C) facticity D) abroad

26. A) more B) otherwise C) moreover D) still

27. A) latter B) holiday C) preciously D) substance

28. A) staying B) attending C) gripping D) returning

29. A) known B) consider C) sure D) vibrant

30. A) with B) of C) for D) between

31. A) mainly B) virtually C) equally D) utterly

32. A) integration B) whole C) fact D) matter

33. A) scale B) scope C) range D) extent

34. A) height B) degree C) depth D) grade

35. A) procedures B) requirements C) needs D) processes

36. A) similar B) popular C) regular D) familiar

37. A) Both B) Many C) All D) Some

38. A) with B) at C) before D) within

39. A) income B）property C) production D) wage

40. A) keep B) cause C) avoid D) solve

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (40%)

Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide whichis the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

The miserable fate of Enron's employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It's the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promise of the 20th century.

The promise was assured economic security-even comfort- for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19thcentury it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days- lack of food warmth, shelter- would at last lose its power to terrify, that remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.) Labor unions promised not better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility- in some cases the promise- of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions. The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person's stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately Im on my own.Now it became, ultimately I'll be taken care of. The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended it's no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves.The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won't provide social for any of us.

A less visible but equally significant trend a affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to define contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(K). the significance of the 401(K) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person's economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested- the two factors that will determine how much it's worth when the employee retires. Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees'401(K) accounts. That is，the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee's 401（K）contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at al. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top

management with illegally covering up the company's problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron's 401(K) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.

But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(K) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn't prudent, but it's what some of them did.

The Enron employees”retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That's why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I'll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won't be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th– century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their hones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own.

41. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change in _______.

A)people's outlook on life B) people's life styles

C) people's living standard D) people's social values

42. Changes in pension schemes were also part of _________.

A）the corporate lay-offs B) the government cuts in welfare spending

C) the economic restructuring D) the warning power of labors unions

43. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly because _________.

A) the 401(K) made them responsible for their own future

B) Enron offered to add company stock to their investment

C) their employers intended to cut back on pension spending

D) Enron's offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan

44. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?

A) 401(K) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.

B) Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.

C) Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people's mind.

D0 Economic security won't be taken for granted by future young workers.

45. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron's employees will be a landmark in business history….”?

A) Because the company has gone bankrupt.

B) Because such events would never happen again.

C) Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.

D) Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.

Passage 2

Statins are a class of drugs that work to decrease the level of cholesterol in the blood. They are able to perform this function by effectively blocking the cholesterol-producing enzyme in the liver. In recent years, statins have increased in utility and popularity. Although a certain amount of cholesterol is imperative for the human body to function, an elevated level can cause a precarious situation in the body. Cholesterol affixes itself to arteries, lining them and inhibiting blood flow. Since less blood can travel through those encumbered arteries, the blood flow to the heart is adversely affected. Scientists have found that the walls of arteries in the body can become inflamed from this plaque buildup. In many instances, the end result of this decreased blood supply and inflammation is a heart attack – sometimes a fatal one. In other cases the blood supply to the brain is compromised by the plaque buildup, often causing a stroke. Decreased blood flow to the legs can cause leg pains or cramps. In short, arterial plaque buildup is never a healthy situation.

Statins diminish the amount of cholesterol generated by the body. Although the drugs are not always able to reduce the amount of plaque that may already be clogging arteries, they can slow the production of new plaque. The drugs are also able to stabilize the plaques that are already present and make them less likely to cause problems in the body. Lowered cholesterol does not guarantee that a heart attack won't occur, but statin use will lower the risk for most patients. Not everyone who has a heart attack has high cholesterol levels, but most do have plaque formations on their arteries. It should be noted that the plaque is not always formed by high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Statins are generally prescribed by doctors for people with elevated cholesterol levels. As the mean weight of the American population has risen, so has the number of individuals with high cholesterol. Millions of men and women in this country are prescribed statins in an effort to decrease the amount of cholesterol in their blood. Remarkably, these effects can be seen in as little as two weeks after beginning a statin regime.

46. Which of the following is suggested about the American population?

A) Their life expectancy has decreased in the past few decades.

B) There are a record number of heart disease deaths in the United States.

C) Their diet may be affecting their cholesterol levels.

D) They want an easy fix for a difficult problem.

47. The author concedes that statins’ job is primarily to __________.

A) slow the production of cholesterol in the body

B) eliminate the possibility of a heart attack

C) attack the cholesterol in the human body

48. The author organizes the passage by _________.

A) enumerating reasons why statins are useful drugs

B) debating the importance of statins

C) criticizing the American public's diet and health

D) outlining ways to reduce cholesterol in the blood

49. The author's main point is that _______.

A) heart attacks are not the only danger of high cholesterol

B) statins can diminish the amount of cholesterol in the blood

C) most people have plaque buildup in their arteries

D) statins are not able to decrease the amount of plaque lining the arteries

Passage 3

Several hundred million years ago, plants similar to modern ferns covered vast stretches of the land. Some were as large as trees, with giant fronds bunched at the top of trunks as straight as pillars. Others were the size of bushes and formed thickets of me undergrowth. Still others lived in the shade of giant club mosses and horsetails along the edges of swampy lagoons where giant amphibians swam.

A great number of these plants were true ferns, reproducing themselves without fruits or seeds. Others had only the appearance of ferns. Their leaves had organs of sexual reproduction and produced seeds. Although their “flowers” did not have corollas these false ferns (today completely extinct) ushered in the era of flowering plants. Traces of these flora of the earliest times have been preserved in the form of fossils. Such traces are most commonly found in shale and sandstone rocks wedged between coal beds.

Today only tropical forests bear living proof of the ancient greatness of ferns. The species that grow there are no longer those of the Carboniferous period, but their variety and vast numbers, and the great size of some, remind us of the time when ferns ruled the plant kingdom.

50. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of the plants described in the passage?

A) They once spread over large areas of land.

B) They varied greatly in size/

C) They coexisted with amphibians, mosses, and horsetails/

D) They clung to tree trunks and bushes for support

51. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A) Plant reproduction. B) How to locate fossils.

C) An ancient form of plant life. D) Tropical plant life.

Passage 4

Chlorine is a mainstay in most swimming pools in the United States, and is used to eradicate bacteria. A bacteria-free pool will usually ensure that swimmers won't contract a serious illness if they spend time in, and possibly ingest, the water. When chlorine is added to pool water, a chemical reaction occurs whereby the chlorine breaks down into a legion of chemicals that combine to kill bacteria that may be in the water. These chemicals, specifically hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion, eliminate bacteria by annihilating and then oxidizing the abhorrent cells. When this chemical reaction occurs, the bacteria are rendered essentially harmless. This chemical reaction doesn't occur immediately- individual components within chlorine take varying amounts of time to interact with the bacteria, creating an almost time-release-type of kill in the pool water.

Chlorine must be regularly replenished. As they react, the hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion combine to create a particular acceptable pH level in the pool water. ApH is a measure of the alkalinity and acidity present; a pH value of 7 represents a neutral value, and 7.4 is the pH value of the human tear. The pH ratio must be regularly monitored to ensure a consistent optimum rate – one usually kept within the spectrum of 7 to 8 as measured by a reliable pH measuring kit. As the chemicals in chlorine complete their reactions, they break down and are no longer effective in keeping the pool water neutralized. Additional chlorine must be added to water at specific times. Outdoor pools that are in direct sunlight need to have water added more often because the chemical reaction time for chlorine is increased and its effectiveness is reduced in these conditions. Since the hypochlorite ion is an especially potent chemical capable of fading fabrics and paint, most people are meticulous about rinsing chlorine from potentially affected areas. Although chlorine is inexpensive and widely available, some people find the bleach smell to be repugnant and the distinct aroma present at many swimming pools to be overwhelming. These people may not be able to enjoy aquatic pursuits in those pools that employ chlorine as a cleansing agent. Other people may find that inhaling chlorine at the high levels present around some pools may be difficult to tolerate. Still others may experience skin irritation after swimming in a pool containing chlorine. Although there are other chemicals and compounds available to clean swimming pools, they may be prohibitively expensive or incapable of killing all types of bacteria present in the water.

52. According to the passage, a stable pH value in pool water is dependent upon which of the following ________.

A) Ensuring that there is only a minimum amount of bacteria in the water

B) Monitoring and adding chlorine when warranted

C) Paying close attention to the reactions of chemicals in the pool water

D) Ensuring that water is protected from direct sunlight

53. The author's primary purpose is to _______.

A) offer an unbiased opinion of chlorine's efficacy

B) provide an argument for using chlorine

C) discuss the chemical reaction taking place within a pool

D) show how chlorine can keep pool water safe

54. Based on the passage, which statement is probably NOT true of chlorine?

A) It can be harmful if swallowed.

B) Occasional high levels in pool water are probably not harmful.

C) It can kill most common types of pool water bacteria.

D) A pool's size will dictate the amount needed.

55. The author includes the information about the p H of human tears mainly to ________.

A) give the reader a base of reference B) provide a visual image for the reader

56. All of the following statements are true about chlorine EXCEPT that ________.

A) chlorine's efficacy is affected by sunlight

B) chlorine is made up of two chemicals: hypochlorous acid and hypochlorine ion

C) chlorine is usually said to be malodorous

D) chlorine levels must be routinely assessed in pool water

Passage 5

For 150 years scientists have tried to determine the solar constant, the amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth. Yet, even in the most cloud-free regions of the planet, the solar constant cannot be measured precisely. Gas molecules and dust particles in the atmosphere absorb and scatter sunlight and prevent some wavelengths of the light from ever reaching the ground.

With the advent of satellites, however, scientists have finally been able to measure the Sun's output without being impeded by the Earth's atmosphere. Solar Max, a satellite from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), has been measuring the Sun's output since February 1980. Although a malfunction in the satellite's control system limited its observation for a few years, the satellite was repaired in orbit by astronauts from the space shuttle in 1984. max's observations indicate that solar constant is not really constant after all. The satellite's instruments have detected frequent, small variation in the Sun's energy output, generally amounting to no more than 0.05 percent of the Sun's mean energy output and lasting from a few days to a few weeks. Scientists believe these fluctuations coincide with the appearance and disappearance of large groups of sunspots on the Sun's disk. Sunspots are relatively dark regions on the Sun's surface that have strong magnetic fields and a temperature about 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the rest of the Sun's surface. Particularly large fluctuations in the solar constant have coincided with sightings of large sunspot groups. In 1980, for example, Solar Max's instruments registered a 0.3 percent drop in the solar energy reaching the Earth. At that time a sunspot group covered about 0.6 percent of the solar disk, an area 20 times than the Earth's surface.

Long-term variations in the solar constant are more difficult to determine. Although Solar Max's data have indicated a slow and steady decline in the Sun's output, some scientists have thought that the satellite's aging detectors might have become less sensitive over the years, thus falsely indicating a drop in the solar constant. This possibility was dismissed, however, by comparing Solar Max's observations with data from a similar instrument operating on NASA's Nimbus 7 weather satellite since 1978.

57. Why is it not possible to measure the solar constant accurately without a satellite?

A) The Earth is too far from the Sun.

B) Some areas on Earth receive more solar energy than others.

C) There is not enough sunlight during the day.

D) The Earth's atmosphere interferes with the sunlight.

58. Why did scientists think that Solar Max might be giving unreliable information?

A) Solar Max did not work for the first few years.

B) The space shuttle could not fix Solar Max's instruments.

C) Solar Max's instruments were getting old.

D) Nimbus 7 interfered with Solar Max's detectors.

59. The attempt to describe the solar constant can best be described as ________.

A) as ongoing research effort

B) an issue that has been resolved

C) a question that can never be answered

D) historically interesting, but irrelevant to contemporary concerns

60. What does this passage mainly discuss?

A) The launching of a weather satellite.

B) The components of the Earth's atmosphere.

C) The measurement of variations in the solar constant.

D) The interaction of sunlight and air pollution.

aper Two

Part ⅢTranslation (20%)

Section A From English to Chinese (10%)

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.

（61）Because analysis ultimately rests with the thinking and choices of the researcher, qualitative studies in general are limited by researcher subjectivity. Therefore, an overriding concern is that of researcher bias, framing as it does assumptions, interests, perceptions, and needs. (62) One of the key limitations of this study is the issue of subjectivity and potential bias regarding the researcher's own participation in a doctoral program first as a student and currently as a faculty member.

63A related limitation was that interviewees may have had difficulty adjusting to the researcher taking on the role of interviewer, a phenomenon referred to by Maxwell as participant reactivity. Because a few of the participants know the researcher, their responses may have been influenced or affected. (64) They may have tried overly hard to cooperate with the researcher by offering her the responses they perceived she was seeking or which they perceived might be helpful to her.Alternatively, because of familiarity with the researcher, these few participants might have been guarded and therefore less candid in their responses. Recognizing these limitations, the researcher took the following measures. (65) To reduce the limitation of potential bias during data analysis, the researcher removed all participant names and coded all interview transcripts blindly so as not to associate any material or data with any particular individual.Furthermore, she made a conscious attempt to create an environment that was conducive to honest and open dialogue. Experience as an interviewer, as well as prior research experience, was helpful in this regard.

Section B From Chinese to English (10%)

Directions：Read the following short paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.

Your translation must be written clearly on Answer Sheet Ⅱ。

尽管美国的制造业就业岗位长期流失，但由于在飞机和高科技设备等高价值的研发和生产等方面能力卓越，美国的制造业方面仍处于世界领先地位。与此同时，中国的主要产品还是低成本的服装和消费类电子产品。在产品价值方面美国的产品占世界制造业总产值的20%以上，大约是中国的两倍。中国的人口众多，国民人均产值仅为美国的1/7；在居民生活水平方面，中美两国的差距就更大了，中国家庭产品的平均消费只有美国的1/14。

Part ⅣWriting (20%)

Directions: Write an essay of about 250 to 300 words on the topic “Love and Being Loved” according to the instructions given below. Write your essay on Answer Sheet Ⅱclearly and neatly.

爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。爱是付出。它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福；但它们又是相互置换。请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。

2012年上海高三英语翻译精编

2012年上海高三英语翻译练习 1. 班长昨天班会课没来。(absent) 2. 为了赶上其他同学，他正在努力改正自己学习中的坏习惯。(cure) 3. 毫无疑问，老师挑你作业里的毛病是为了帮助你取得更大的进步。(fault) 4. 虽然已筋疲力尽，他们还是继续搜寻事故中的幸存者。(tire) 5. 我们只有面对现实，认真分析形势，才能找到解决问题的办法。(Only ) 6. 请尽快对我们的计划作出评论。(comment) 7. 今天下午我太累了，就取消了和Smith先生的约会。(so…as to…) 8. 除非你听从李教授昨天给你的忠告，否则你将一事无成。(unless) 9. 他感到遗憾的是为了完成这个研究，他连陪女儿的时间都没有。(company) 10. 直到第四代苹果手机(iPhone 4)的出现，人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。(Not until) 11.我们最好天天锻炼身体。（exercise） 12.如果你需要更多的信息，请随时和我联系。(hesitate) 13.与去年同期相比，今年的出口总量增长了两倍。（compare） 14.对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。(participate) 15.在孩子们能够表达或理解一门语言之前的很长一段时间，他们靠面部表情和发出噪声和大人们 交流。（before） 16. 由谁来为这次事故承担责任？（blame） 17 高速铁路的发展使我们的出行更便捷了。（it） 18. 应当鼓励年轻人自己解决他们面临的问题。(face) 19. 这些建设工程旨在降低人们的生活成本，并改善他们的生活条件。（aim） 20. 人们对像手机和电脑这样的电子产品早已司空见惯，以致于很难想象没有它们生活会变成什么 样。（such…as…）

中南大学2010级博士生英语考试试卷

English Test Paper for Doctoral Candidates (A) 2011.01.09 Part I Listening Comprehension (15%) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear several short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center (on Answer Sheet I). 1. A. She is in Vietnam. B. She is in Thailand. C. She is right here. D. She is in Tokyo. 2. A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot. D. By train. 3. A. He stays late for the lesson. B. He is studying. C. He has little rest. D. He is resting. 4. A. She gave a lecture to the psychology class. B. She advised the woman to see a psychologist. C. She persuaded the woman not to take the course. D. She convinced the woman to apply to graduate school. 5. A. She read it selectively. B. She went over it chapter by chapter. C. She read it slowly. D. She finished it at a stretch. Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear several short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center (on Answer Sheet I). Passage One 6. A. How to choose the qualified goods. B. The consumer's rights. C. The importance of the quality. D. How to demand the replacement.

2012上海高考英语一模翻译各区试题集

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Key Listening Comprehension Section C There is a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. "Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any examinations", was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be called the aggressive approach. Your search is over and I am the person you' ve been waiting for. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the resume. Translation A 暗示我们现在正进入一个如同工业革命一样具有意义重大而深远的时代几乎可以说是一个老调重谈的话题。当你考虑这个问题时，计算机和通信的融合已经给我们的大多数社会机构带来了巨大的影响。这一融合给教育、卫生、娱乐和商业创造了前所未有的机会，不幸的是，它也给犯罪创造了史无前例的机会。在我看来探讨这些负面影响，并且采取合适的对策将会是下一个世纪的巨大挑战之一。 这一挑战的威力如此之大以至于它能单独抵制法律实施的能力而达到控制的目的。因此，新的政策形式，包括利用非政府资源，将变得极其重要。考虑到网络无国界这一事实，计算机犯罪经常超越国界，采取有效的对策也将要求国际合作达到一种史无前例的程度。 B I’m writing to you today to express my thanks for your hospitality during the time of “the National Physics Workshop”. I’m here to congratulate you and your coworkers for the great success of the workshop! I have had good experience in attending many academic conferences, but my experience this time has left me very good memories. The one hour visit to your laboratory made me aware of the condition and achievements of your scientific research. I hope that in the future we can share the resources and carry out scientific research cooperation in many aspects. I also hope that we can have the opportunity to invite you to have an academic visit to our university. We will try to provide convenience for your visit and the subsequent necessities of the future cooperation between us.

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