高中英语阅读理解最新高考试题精选百度文库

高中英语阅读理解最新高考试题精选百度文库

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.

According to Rimac, most people will no longer own or operate their own cars in the future. Instead, vehicles will be shared, self—driving and electric. These changes are already starting. "There will be people who still want to own their cars and drive their cars and I am happy for that because that is our business," Rimac said. "Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore." Rimac's most recent car, the C—Two, comes off the production line next year.

Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries, and says in the next 20 years driving as we know it may exist mainly as a hobby. "I really believe that humanity goes for things that make sense." he told Newsweek. "If you look at 1.3 million people dying every year on the roads, if you look at the impact it has on economies based on traffic jams and time lost, it's so much of a negative impact to society that I think such a huge benefit can be gained if people stop driving."

"Let's look into the future. You are standing in front of the choice of either investing a huge amount of your money in buying a hunk of metal and plastic for 30, 40, 50 thousand dollars, or you have the convenient option of paying as you go, the car picks you up in a few minutes, it's a nice environment and you

spend a few dollars per day on your transport."

"When you take the driver out of the car, transport can be much cheaper and you can use the time to do other things, instead of sitting behind a steering(转向)wheel and not doing anything else. So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one."

（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2?

A.The majority of people will purchase cars.

B.Huge changes will take place in car industry.

C.Driving cars will enjoy more popularity.

D.The car business is gradually disappearing.

（2）What is a major cause of the fast change in the car industry?

A.The rapid growth of self-driving cars.

B.The rise of shared vehicles.

C.The increasing demand of customers.

D.The advanced production line.

（3）How does Rima feel about the future of self-driving cars?

A.Uncertain.

B.Confused.

C.Optimistic.

D.Frightened.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Self-driving cars meet new challenges.

B.Self-driving cars avoid human errors.

C.Possessing or driving cars won't be a must.

D.Conventional cars will be completely replaced.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore.”可知，20年后交通会有巨大的变化，人们将不会拥有或者驾驶车辆，由此可推测将来汽车产业将会发生巨大变大。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Rimac is well aware th e industry is changin g quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries,“可知汽车产业的巨大变化是由自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起导致。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one.”可知Rimac 认为很多人都会选择自动驾驶车辆，故推测Rimac对自动驾驶车辆的未来非常乐观。选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.“和下文所讲述的内容可知，本文主要围绕将来人们不用再拥有和驾驶车辆展开。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Families around the country are finding new options for their children's midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts

a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day's featured restaurant and its menu choices.

"Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options," she said. "It offers so much choice to kids." The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. "Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids," she said. "They don't want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮) business."

That doesn't mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves

to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking down students to alarm them that their meals have arrived.

"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff," said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. "In addition, our award-winning school nutrition program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, nutritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside."

Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments that

conflicted with his lunch period. "It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren't for the delivery option," he said. "Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food."

（1）What can we learn about Kiddos Catering?

A. It should be ordered online.

B. It is a non-profit food program.

C. It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.

D. It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.

（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A. The aim of the food and beverage business.

B. A suitable time for school meals.

C. Advantages of the delivering school lunch.

D. An alternative to the school cafeteria.

（3）What is Bernard Watson's concern for delivering food?

A. It's less healthy than that in the school cafeteria.

B. It causes a potential danger to students.

C. It attracts students' attention to study.

D. Its arrival is usually not punctual.

（4）What is Jacob Levin's attitude to the change of the school lunch?

A. Neutral.

B. Careless.

C. Supportive.

D. Unfavorable.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。孩子们的午餐有了新的选

择，这要归功于越来越多迎合学生口味的外卖服务。但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day's featured restaurant and its menu choices"可知，Kiddos Catering提供的午餐需要在网上预订。故选A。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“ The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafete ria. ”可知本段从父母以及学校两个角度介绍了递送的学校午餐的好处。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security

risk for students and staff "可知，Bernard Watson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren't for the delivery option,"可推断出，Jacob Levin 对此的态度是支持的。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

More than great drinks, great rewards

Enjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our Loyalty Program!

Whenever you pay with your membership account, you'll earn a Star.

Collect more Stars, earn more rewards.

Three ways to join us

Buy a Starbucks Card handy to create an account

Track your Stars online or through the mobile app, and we'll send an email when you've earned a reward.

You can also join from your phone.

Download the Starbucks App.

One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.

Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.

Enter your Starcode (limit: 2 per day)

Look for the Starcode symbol on specially marked Starbucks products where you buy groceries. Three levels with increasingly greater rewards

To reach each level in our Loyalty Program, you need to collect more Stars. (Remember: to earn a Star, you must pay with a registered Starbucks Card.)

Welcome level

To earn your first rewards, just register a Starbucks Card.

Birthday drink or treat on us, birthday coupon (优惠券) for 15% off a purchase at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0319464781.html,/doc/63267797.html,.

Green level

Collect 5 Stars within 12 months and you'll be in the Green level.

What is included in the Welcome level plus

Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea Gold level

Collect 30 Stars within 12 months and you'll be at the Gold

level.

What is included in the Green level plus

A free food or drink item after another 12 Stars earned

Personalized Gold Card

（1）Which of the following is a way you can apply for membership?

A. To update the Starbucks App.

B. To collect 5 stars within 12 month.

C. To send an email to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0319464781.html,/doc/63267797.html,.

D. To enter a Starcode from specially marked Starbucks products.

（2）With a Starbucks Card of Green level, you will get ________.

A. a free drink item

B. free in-store refills

C. personalized Gold Card

D. all purchases 15% off

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.To earn a Star, you must pay by credit card.

B.You can enter your Starcode three times a day.

C.With the Starbucks App, you can view current offers.

D.For Welcome level, you can refill iced brewed coffee or tea.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们选择，并鼓励人们成为会员。

（1）考查细节理解。文章第二个黑色小标题“Three ways to

join us”三种方式加入我们，下列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开个账户；通过手机上的APP申请加入；在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标志。所以通过输入在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员的方式。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Green level部分中的“Fr ee in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea”可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克绿色会员，就可以免费续杯。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据“One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using ou r mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.”可知，通过手机APP申请会员有以下几大好处：手机支付、查看你的星级与奖励、可以听iTunes本周最佳选择、查看订单进度。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Smart Kids Festival Events

Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director's picks.

Walk on the Wild Side

Not ticketed, Free

Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Best suited to children

aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.

Introduction to Waves

Pre-book, PWYD

Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.

Science in the Field

Not ticketed, Free

This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.

Festival Dinner

Pre-book, ￡25 per person

Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Find out more from Tom Crawford.

（1）In which event can you decide the payment?

A. Walk on the Wild Side

B. Introduction to Waves

C. Science in the Field

D. Festival Dinner

（2）Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data?

A.Sarah Law.

B.Mike Goldsmith.

C.Mark Samuels.

D.Tom Crawford.

（3）What do the four events have in common?

A.Family-based.

B.Science-themed.

C.Picked by children.

D.Filled with adventures.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学会主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford”可知PWYD中你可以决定付款，而四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Science in the Field 部分中的“This storytelling night features a

scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field tri ps.”可知Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.”和讲故事的萨拉·劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事；第三段中的“Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.”实验对象范围从声波到重力波，从光波到撞击海洋的波浪；第四段中的“This storytellin g night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种

实地考察第一手数据的记忆；以及最后一段中的“ Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the firs t science festival in London.”无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识，还是只是想边吃边聊，加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。可知这四项活动的共同点都是以科学为主题的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

It's no surprise to hear the honking of horns in New York. Whoever tries every day to get more than a few minutes of sleep in the morning in the city will tell you that he could do nothing about it! No one can deny honking of horns is just one of his most widely enjoyed pastimes.

But Andy, a Japanese website developer has had enough of it. Once, the 27-year-old man approached the open window to wait for the driver to finish honking, delivered a polite "excuse me" and then yelled "Ho-o-o-o-onk!", which means fierce anger in Japan. Then he threw three eggs from the window of his apartment on to a passing car honking loudly below when his patience was worn out. Instead of apologizing to him, the driver threatened to kill him angrily. So, nobly, Andy turned to non-violence. He started writing anti-honking haiku verses, a form of Japanese poetry, and submitted them to local newspapers: Oh. forget Enron;

The problem around here is; All the damn honking (Enron: a major American company that recently caused a scandal because of corrupt(腐败) mismanagement)

"Then this kind of chain reaction started happening," Andy

says. "All these other haiku started appearing unexpectedly" Andy's community is now covered in anti - honking poetry, written by all walks of life.

Patience slowly fades;

Residents store up their eggs; That day is coming soon.

It's understandable that Andy has set up a website —https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0319464781.html,/doc/63267797.html, —and now people from across the country send him news of their own anti - honking activities. It seems that poetry can change the world after all. Then, just recently, anti-anti- honking haiku started to appear, launched by locals who thought Andy should stop worrying about honking and start worrying about starving children, or war in the Middle East instead. Andy has an answer for that. "Stop me if this is too ridiculous," he says, "but they talk about the violence in the Middle East like it's a force of nature, like it's beyond our control. But actually it's kind of like the honking - the violence

is man -made. If we can figure out how to stop honking on the streets, I think we could learn some things that we could use on a large scale."

（1）What does the first paragraph intend to tell us about New Yorkers?

A. They enjoy listening to the honking of horns.

B. Their life has been affected by the honking noise.

C. They get accustomed to sleeping late in the morning.

D. They have formed a habit of honking while driving.

（2）What is Andy's final reaction to the frequent honking of horns?

A. Pretended to ignore it.

B. Screamed at the driver.

C. Acted in a peaceful way.

D. Complained to the government.

（3）According to the passage, most New Yorkers think Andy's response is______.

A. acceptable

B. pointless

C. sensitive

D. abnormal

（4）Facing the criticism of his anti-honking campaign, Andy notes that______.

A. if not handled well, honking will cause serious problems like starvation

B. fierce violence in the Middle East is more of an issue worthy of concern

C. violence in the world as well as honking on the street is under our control

D. finding the solution to anti - honking is as meaningful as that to starvation

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了纽约的汽车喇叭声严重影响了人们的生活，一个日本人对此做出了很大的挣扎，从激烈对抗到写打油诗的非暴力反抗，以及纽约当地人对此的反映。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It's no surprise to hear the honking of horns in New York. Whoever tries every day to get more than a few minutes of sleep in the morning in the city will tell you that he could do nothing about it! ”可知在纽约听到巨大的汽车喇叭声不足为奇，因为这些声音人们想多睡几分钟是不可能的，

即汽车喇叭声影响了纽约人的日常生活。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“So, nobly, Andy turned to non-violence.”可知Andy最后采取了非暴力行为来反抗喇叭噪音。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's understandable that Andy ha s set up a website — www. honku. org — and now people from across the country send him news of their own anti - honking activities.”可知Andy建立网站后全国各地的人都给他寄来反喇叭噪音行为的消息，故推测人们对Andy的行为是接受并且支持的。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If we can figure out how to stop honking on the streets, I think we could learn some things that we could use on a large scale. ”可知Andy认为如果解决了喇叭噪音问题，就能把从中学到的东西应用到更大规格的事情上，故推测他认为解决喇叭噪音和解决饥荒一样重要。选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需

要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Alison Malmon was trapping up (完成) the end of her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania, US when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from mental illness.

Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to empower (使能够) students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that today's young people face.

"What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect."

And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today's society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called "socially prescribed(社会定向型的) perfectionism" increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.

Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today's young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, meaning young people can't avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new norms(准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized testing and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.

For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their "achievement anxieties" onto their kids through "excessive(过多的) involvement in their child's routines, activities or emotions"

Those in the mental health community like Malmon say they're concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. "Mental health has truly become this generation's social justice issue," she said. "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."

（1）What is the article mainly about?

A. The effects of the culture of perfectionism.

B. Research into the trend of perfectionism.

C. A group dedicated to helping people stay mentally healthy.

D. Various pressures that today's young people are facing.

（2）What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?

A.Her brother's mental illness.

B.Her project during the freshman year.

C.The pressure she had experienced.

D.Her strong interest in mental health.

（3）What does Malmon think is a way to help young people manage the pressure of perfectionism?

A.Enabling them to know what is to blame for their pressure.

B.Lowering their expectations of themselves.

C.Reducing parents involvement in their children's life.

D.Making them aware of what true social justice is.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）A

【解析】【分析】研究发现完美主义会给人带来压力，进而影响人的精神健康。造成完美主义的原因主要有三个，即自身原因，社会竞争，和父母教养。

（1）主旨大意题。根据文章第四段的And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today's society，第五段的Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today's young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. 和第六段的The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an

impact.可知本文主要讲述对于完美主义这一趋势的研究发现，故选B 项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第一、二段的Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from mental illness. Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to empower (使能够) students to talk openly about mental health.可知Malmon受到哥哥精神疾病的启发，发动了一群人发表对精神健康的看法，故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的she said."It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."可知Malmon认为要解决完美主义所带来的压力问题的关键是给他们提供方法，并且让他们知道有压力不是他们的错，即要让他们找到引起压力的原因，故选A项。

【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要注意仔细阅读文章，从文章中找出答案；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

NASA has a new job listing, and it's no joke. The US space agency is looking for a "joker" to join their planned mission to Mars.

A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a communications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens.

"When you're living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur," Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian.

This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. "These are people that

have the ability to pull everyone together," Johnson said.

In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren't alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying.

There are other examples of team "clowns". One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen's team, was a "clown". He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team.

But if you're hoping that your favorite TV comedian will fly to Mars, that probably won't happen.

"Being funny won't be enough to land somebody the job," Johnson said. "They also need to be an excellent engineer."

Besides, they must be in top physical condition.

（1）What is NASA's new job listing?

A. A funny engineer.

B. A talented clown.

C. A good cook.

D. A popular comedian.（2）What does "a confined space" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. a full space

B. an empty space

C. an open space

D. a small space.（3）How does the author think humor can help astronauts?

A. It can stop them from feeling bored.

B. It can promote teamwork on a mission.

C. It can make them feel less homesick.

D. It can help them know themselves better.

（4）What's the author's purpose of giving the example of the cook?

A. To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.

B. To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.

C. To make the point that humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations.

D. To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航员一起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。

（1）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Being funny won't be enough to land somebody the job,’ Johnson said. ‘They also need to be an excellent engineer.’”可知，美国宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程师，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”可知，与在地球上生活的宽广空间不同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段时间，由此可知画线词词义为“狭小的空间、有限的空间”，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“These are. people that have the abi lity to pull everyone together,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进宇航员在任务中的团

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